CN113480597A - 一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ace抑制肽及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ace抑制肽及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ACE抑制肽及其制备方法与应用。所述ACE抑制肽的氨基酸序列为Val‑Gly‑Ala‑Tyr。通过体外ACE抑制活性测定发现,该紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的IC50为0.861 mg/mL,其浓度为0.05 mg/mL时,能有效提高人脐静脉内皮细胞NO的释放量,并且对人脐静脉内皮细胞无毒副作用。本发明提供的紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽具有结构简单、安全、活性强的特点,且易于进行生产,有望为制备高血压预防药物提供有效成分,或作为功能食品添加剂供高血压患者食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于ACE抑制肽技术领域,具体涉及一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ACE抑制肽及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
高血压严重影响着人们的生命安全,根据数据显示,每年有1040万人因高血压而死。尽管大家对高血压的发病机理越来越清楚,也做出了大量的措施来避免,但是高血压的发病率在全球范围内仍在增加,由高血压引起的死亡率也仍在增加。调查结果显示,18~34岁的青年高血压患病率为10.1%、35~44岁的患病率为15.0 %。年龄在60岁以上的男性患者和女性患者占该年龄段人数的41.6%和38.4%。
目前高血压无法根治,患者必须长期服用降压药。临床上使用的降压药有卡托普利、依那普利、雷米普利等,这些合成药物属于血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂型(ACEI)降压药,同样也是通过抑制血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的活性来实现血压的稳定。尽管降压药能够有效控制高血压,但合成药物价格昂贵,而且经常产生副作用,例如咳嗽,血管性水肿,味觉障碍和皮疹。由于经济性和安全性的需要,开发安全有效的治疗高血压的新型ACEI是非常必要的。食品源的ACE抑制肽,对高血压具有定向抑制功能,且不影响正常血压,相对于传统降血压药而言,对人体无毒、无副作用。
紫苏可以做药用和香料用,其种子可以榨油,营养价值较高。现阶段国内外对于紫苏籽活性肽的研究主要集中于抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎和抗过敏活性,以及制备紫苏籽蛋白呈味肽,而紫苏籽降压肽几乎没有报道。本发明旨在对紫苏籽粕潜在的价值进行开发利用,首次对紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽进行研究,丰富紫苏籽粕在功能食品中的应用,增加紫苏籽粕的附加值。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ACE抑制肽及其制备方法与应用,提高紫苏籽粕的附加价值,实现资源的综合利用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ACE抑制肽,其氨基酸序列为:Val-Gly-Ala-Tyr,缩写为VGAY,即缬氨酸-甘氨酸-丙氨酸-酪氨酸,通过数据库BIOPEP、NCBI、biopepDB、UniProt比对,发现其为新型肽。
进一步,上述ACE抑制肽来源于紫苏籽粕天然提取或人工合成。
一种制备上述紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的方法,具体操作步骤如下:
(1)碱提酸沉法制备紫苏籽粕粗蛋白:粉碎后的紫苏籽粕与石油醚按照1:3(w/v)的比例混合,磁力搅拌6 h除去油脂,溶剂挥发后过80目筛即得脱脂紫苏籽粕粉;将脱脂紫苏籽粕粉与蒸馏水以1:11.6(w/v)的料液比混合,调节pH到9.4,58℃下水浴60 min,水浴结束后,于4℃条件下10000 r/min离心20 min,上清pH调到紫苏籽蛋白等电点4.0,沉淀1 h后,4℃条件下10000 r/min 离心15 min,沉淀复溶,pH调到7.0,冷冻干燥即得到紫苏籽粕粗蛋白;
(2)酶解制备粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽:选用中性蛋白酶酶解紫苏籽粕粗蛋白,酶解条件为:加酶量7100 U/g、温度55℃、pH值6.5、底物浓度1% w/v、酶解时间2 h,酶解后沸水浴10 min灭酶,冷却后调节pH至中性,于4℃条件下10000 rpm离心20 min,取上清液冷冻干燥,即得到粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽;
(3)紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的分离纯化:将粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽加入蒸馏水配成浓度为50 mg/mL的溶液,将溶液过0.22μm滤膜后,用Sephadex G-25凝胶色谱进行分离,以去离子水为洗脱液,流速0.3 mL/min,测量洗脱组分在214 nm波长处的吸光值;收集具有最佳ACE抑制活性的峰,利用反相高效液相色谱RP-HPLC进一步分离;RP-HPLC的洗脱梯度为0-3min,5%(v/v)乙腈;3-43 min,5%-40%(v/v)乙腈;43-53 min,40%(v/v)乙腈;流速为2.0 mL/min,检测波长214 nm,收集洗脱时间为23-24 min的洗脱峰,真空冷冻干燥即得所述ACE抑制肽。
上述一种紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽在制备高血压预防药物中的应用。
上述一种紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽在制备降血压保健食品中的应用。
附图说明
图1:紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽Sephadex G-25色谱图。
图2:Sephadex G-25洗脱峰F4的半制备反相高效液相色谱图。
图3:紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽VGAY质谱图。
图4:VGAY的ACE抑制活性IC50。
图5:不同浓度的VGAY对人脐静脉内皮细胞毒性的影响。
图6:不同浓度的VGAY对人脐静脉内皮细胞NO释放的影响。
图7:VGAY与ACE的分子对接结果。其中,A为ACE与VGAY分子对接结果图;B为相互作用位点放大图;C为相互作用的二维显示图,无虚线连接的ACE上的氨基酸与VGAY的相互作用为范德华力。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所述的内容更加便于理解,下面结合具体实施方式对本发明所述的技术方案做进一步的说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
实施例1
本发明所述ACE抑制肽的分离纯化包括Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤色谱和反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)两个步骤。
碱提酸沉法制备紫苏籽粕粗蛋白:粉碎后的紫苏籽粕与石油醚按照1:3(w/v)的比例混合,磁力搅拌6 h除去油脂,干燥后过80目筛以备后续提取紫苏籽蛋白;将脱脂紫苏籽粕粉与蒸馏水以1:11.6(w/v)的料液比混合,调节pH到9.4,58℃下水浴60 min,水浴结束后,于4℃条件下10000 r/min离心20 min,将上清pH调到紫苏籽蛋白等电点4.0,沉淀1 h后,4℃条件下10000 r/min 离心15 min,沉淀复溶,pH调到7.0,冷冻干燥即得到紫苏籽粕粗蛋白。
酶解制备紫苏籽粕粗多肽:选用中性蛋白酶酶解上述紫苏籽粕粗蛋白,酶解条件为:加酶量7100 U/g、温度55℃、pH值6.5、底物浓度1% w/v、酶解时间2 h,酶解后沸水浴10min灭酶,冷却后调节pH至中性,于4℃条件下10000 rpm离心20 min,取上清液冷冻干燥,即得到粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽。
凝胶过滤色谱(Sephadex G-25)分离:将上述粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽溶解于去离子水中,使其浓度为50 mg/mL,于4℃条件下10000 rpm离心10 min。取上清液用0.22 μm微滤膜过滤除杂后上样。Sephadex G-25凝胶柱(1.6 cm×100 cm)用去离子水平衡,将已过滤的样品上柱。用去离子水洗脱,流速0.3 mL/min,于214 nm波长处检测洗脱液吸光值,绘制洗脱曲线,如图1所示。收集各组分进行ACE抑制活性测定,以检测ACE抑制肽不同分子量的组分的ACE抑制活性情况。组分F4的ACE抑制率最高,其值为70.36%,于是对F4进行富集,以备后续反相高效液相色谱分离纯化。
反相高效液相(RP-HPLC)色谱分离纯化:去离子水溶解上述组分F4冻干粉,浓度为40 mg/mL,采用高效液相色谱柱Gemini 5μ C18 (250mm×10mm)(Phenomenex,UK)进行进一步分离纯化,用水和乙腈(含0.1%(v/v)的三氟乙酸)构成的洗脱系统进行梯度洗脱。参数选择二元泵,A泵为超纯水,B泵为乙腈(含0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸);流动相时间参数:0-3 min,5%B;3-43 min,5-40% B;43-53 min,40% B。柱温为25℃,流速为2 mL/min,上样体积为100 μL,紫外检测波长为214 nm,共得到21个洗脱峰,如图2所示。收集7号洗脱峰,冷冻干燥后即得所述紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽。委托复旦大学对7号峰进行液相色谱质谱联用(LC-ESI-MS/MS)分析和鉴定,所得紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的氨基酸序列为Val-Gly-Ala-Tyr(VGAY),质谱图如图3所示。
实施例2
委托上海吉尔生化有限公司固相合成VGAY,纯度为98%以上, 测定其ACE抑制活性IC50方法如下:ACE及N-[3-(2-呋喃基)丙烯酰]-L-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-甘氨酸(FAPGG)均使用100 mM、pH 8.3的硼酸缓冲溶液(含300 mM NaCl)配制,样品组分别依次加入50 μL 1 mM的FAPGG、40 μL不同终浓度(0.05、0.1、0.25、0.5、1和2 mg/mL)的VGAY硼酸缓冲溶液、10 μL0.1 U/mL的ACE(以硼酸缓冲溶液替代多肽溶液作为空白组)到96孔板中,随即测各孔340nm处的吸光度 A0(反应前),接着将96孔板置于37℃培养箱中反应30 min,30 min结束后继续测340 nm吸光度 A1(反应后),平行三次取平均值。分别计算反应前后的吸光度的变化值ΔA(ΔA=A0-A1),ACE抑制活性用吸光度在单位时间内的变化值来表示,ACE抑制率的计算公式为:
式中,ΔAa表示样品孔30 min前后吸光度的变化值;ΔAb表示空白孔30 min前后吸光度的变化值;
如图4所示,得到VGAY的ACE抑制活性IC50为0.861 mg/mL。
实施例3
委托上海吉尔生化有限公司固相合成VGAY,纯度为98%以上,测定其对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)毒性:选择生长状态良好的HUVEC细胞,加入DMEM培养基制成单细胞悬液,用血细胞计数板计数,以1×105个/mL的密度接种于96孔板中,每孔100 μL细胞悬液。分别设置样品组、对照组、空白组(无细胞),每个组3个复孔。培养24 h细胞贴壁后,弃旧培养基,空白组和对照组加入100μL DMEM培养基,样品组加入100 μL配制好的含有梯度浓度(0.125、0.25、0.5、1 mg/mL)VGAY的DMEM培养基。继续培养24 h,弃旧培养基,各孔均加入100 μL新的DMED培养基和10 μL的CCK-8 Solution,置于培养箱中孵育2 h,使用酶标仪测450 nm波长处的吸光度。细胞存活率公式如下:
公式中:A:样品组吸光度;B:对照组吸光度;C:空白组吸光度;
由图5可以发现,当VGAY浓度为0.125、0.25 mg/mL时,对HUVEC细胞不仅没有毒性而且在一定程度上促进了HUVEC细胞的生长;VGAY浓度为0.5、1 mg/mL时,HUVEC细胞存活率略微有下降的趋势,存活率为98.64%、91.88%,但与对照组相比差异不显著。
实施例4
委托上海吉尔生化有限公司固相合成VGAY,纯度为98%以上,测定其降血压功能:选择生长状态良好的HUVEC细胞,加入DMEM培养基,制成单细胞悬液,用血细胞计数板计数,以1×105个/mL的密度接种于96孔板中,每孔100 μL细胞悬液。分别设置促血管生成素Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)组、多肽+Ang Ⅱ组和对照组(不添加多肽和Ang Ⅱ),每个组3个复孔。培养24 h细胞贴壁后,弃旧培养基,空白组和对照组加入100 μL DMEM培养基,样品组加入100 μL配制好的含有VGAY梯度浓度(0.05、0.1 mg/mL)的DMEM培养基。培养2 h后,Ang Ⅱ组、多肽+AngⅡ组分别加入终浓度为0.1 mg/mL的Ang Ⅱ,对照组不做任何处理,继续培养24 h后,取上清50 μL,根据NO检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司)说明书测定HUVEC细胞NO的释放量。
由图6可以发现,与Ang II刺激组相比,VGAY预处理组NO释放量显著增加,并且呈现出剂量依赖性,随着VGAY浓度的增加,NO释放量显著增加。说明在高剂量下多肽VGAY能够促进内皮细胞NO的释放,保护细胞,减少血管收缩剂Ang II对细胞的影响,起到一定的降血压的作用。
实施例5
紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽VGAY与ACE的分子对接:ACE晶体结构(ID:1O8A)从NCBI数据库(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)获得,使用AutoDock Tools 1.5.6结合AutoDock Vina对蛋白和多肽进行对接,对接位点坐标为:x:40.79,y:33.61,z:43.48。由图7可以发现,VGAY与ACE的残基Tyr 146、His 353、Thr 282、Asn 277、Glu 376形成6个氢键,与Asp 453、Glu 376通过静电相互作用结合,与Trp 279、Leu 161、Glu 162分别以π-π、π-烷基、π-阴离子作用力结合,从而起到抑制ACE的作用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 福州大学
<120> 一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ACE抑制肽及其制备方法与应用
<130>
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 4
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<400> 1
Val Gly Ala Tyr
1
Claims (5)
1.一种来源于紫苏籽粕的ACE抑制肽,其特征在于:所述ACE抑制肽的氨基酸序列为Val-Gly-Ala-Tyr。
2.根据权利要求1所述的紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽,其特征在于:所述ACE抑制肽来源于紫苏籽粕天然提取或人工合成。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的制备方法,其特征在于:具体步骤如下:
①碱提酸沉法制备紫苏籽粕粗蛋白:粉碎后的紫苏籽粕与石油醚按照1:3 w/v的比例混合,磁力搅拌6 h除去油脂,溶剂挥发后过80目筛即得脱脂紫苏籽粕粉;将脱脂紫苏籽粕粉与蒸馏水以1:11.6 w/v的料液比混合,调节pH到9.4,58℃下水浴60 min,水浴结束后,于4℃条件下10000 r/min离心20 min,将上清pH调到紫苏籽蛋白等电点4.0,沉淀1 h后,4℃条件下10000 r/min 离心15 min,沉淀复溶,pH调到7.0,冷冻干燥即得到紫苏籽粕粗蛋白;
②粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的制备:选用中性蛋白酶酶解紫苏籽粕粗蛋白,酶解条件为:加酶量7100 U/g、温度55℃、pH值6.5、底物浓度1% w/v、酶解时间2 h,酶解后沸水浴10 min灭酶,冷却后调节pH至中性,于4℃条件下10000 rpm离心20 min,取上清液冷冻干燥,即得到粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽;
③紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽的分离纯化:将粗紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽加入蒸馏水配成浓度为50mg/mL的溶液,将溶液过0.22μm滤膜后,用Sephadex G-25凝胶色谱进行分离,以去离子水为洗脱液,流速0.3 mL/min,测量洗脱组分在214 nm波长处的吸光值;收集具有最佳ACE抑制活性的峰,利用反相高效液相色谱RP-HPLC进一步分离;RP-HPLC的洗脱梯度为0-3 min,5%v/v乙腈;3-43 min,5%-40% v/v乙腈;43-53 min,40% v/v乙腈;流速为2.0 mL/min,检测波长214 nm,收集洗脱时间为23-24 min的洗脱峰,真空冷冻干燥即得所述ACE抑制肽。
4.权利要求1所述紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽在制备高血压预防药物中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述紫苏籽粕ACE抑制肽在制备降血压保健食品中的应用。
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