CN113475227A

CN113475227A - Automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester

Info

Publication number: CN113475227A
Application number: CN202110721309.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐忠; 鲁庭; 钱鹏飞; 李晨龙; 李娜
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2021-06-28
Filing date: 2021-06-28
Publication date: 2021-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-28
Also published as: CN113475227B

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which comprises a header, a bundling device, a connecting rod, a conveying device, a traveling device and a collecting box, wherein the header is used for separating leaves and cutting heart, the bundling device is arranged below the header, the conveying device is arranged on the traveling device, and the header is arranged on a frame of the conveying device; the header comprises a leaf separator, a clamping conveyer belt, a header frame and a cutting knife; the header rack is arranged on a rack of the conveying device, and the front end of the header rack is provided with a plurality of leaf separating units for separating the stem leaves at the side edges of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyer belt is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife is located below the clamping conveyer belt and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device through the clamping conveyer belt. The invention can protect the stem and leaf of the vegetable without influencing the secondary growth of the vegetable by clamping the teeth to strengthen the body and conveying the vegetable core to the cutting position.

Description

Automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester.

Background

The vegetables are one of the essential foods in daily diet of people, and can provide various vitamins, minerals and other nutrient substances necessary for human bodies. Has effects of providing multiple vitamins, providing mineral elements, and improving intestinal function. Many vegetables are often consumed only in their heart, which requires separation of the stem and leaves of the heart. Compared with the mechanized production of grains, the mechanized degree of vegetable production in China is very low. In the whole process of vegetable production, including soil preparation, seeding, transplanting, field management, harvesting and the like, the harvesting workload accounts for more than 40% of the whole vegetable production workload, but at present, the vegetable harvesting operation in China is basically completed manually, almost no machine tool is available, but the mode of manually obtaining vegetable hearts is time-consuming, so the occurrence of a heart harvesting device is inevitable.

In recent years, with the continuous development of harvesting machines, more and more vegetable harvesting machines come out, but still have many problems. According to the vegetable harvester disclosed by the prior art, when vegetables are harvested, the vegetables are directly cut, and partial vegetable leaves are inevitably cut, so that the secondary growth of the vegetables is damaged, and the impurity rate of harvesting vegetable cores is increased; the vegetable harvester disclosed by the prior art is a small vegetable harvester, roots can be cut off only at the same height during harvesting, and the situation that vegetable stems are cut or vegetable cores are missed is often caused; the single-wheel vegetable harvester disclosed by the prior art can adjust the cutting width and the cutting width, but when cutting the vegetable core, if the vegetable cannot grow stably in soil or the whole vegetable grows obliquely, the vegetable core and the stem leaves can not be cut and separated smoothly, and the impurity content rate is high.

However, in the mechanical harvesting of vegetable heart, the vegetable stem and leaves need to be separated from the heart, and the heart is conveyed to the collecting device through the conveying device without damaging the stem and leaves. However, most of the existing vegetable harvesters on the market harvest vegetables like green vegetables which are directly cut from the bottom of the vegetables, so that the stems and leaves of the vegetables can be damaged, and the vegetable harvester is not suitable for the vegetables which can grow twice.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic leaf-dividing heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which avoids the phenomenon that the secondary growth of vegetables is influenced by injuring the stem leaves by mistake when cutting the heart.

The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.

The header, the bundling device, the connecting rod, the conveying device, the walking device and the collecting box are arranged on the walking device, the header is used for cutting the vegetable heart in a leaf dividing manner, and the bundling device is arranged below the header and is used for bundling the cut vegetable heart; the conveying device is arranged on the walking device and is used for conveying the bundled flowering cabbage into the collecting box; the header is arranged on a frame of the conveying device;

the header comprises a leaf separator, a clamping conveyer belt, a header frame and a cutting knife; the header rack is arranged on a rack of the conveying device, and the front end of the header rack is provided with a plurality of leaf separating units for separating the stem leaves at the side edges of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyor belt is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife is located below the clamping conveyor belt and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device through the clamping conveyor belt.

Furthermore, the leaf separating unit is composed of two leaf separators, one end of each leaf separator is a straight plane, the other end of each leaf separator is an arc-shaped surface, and the front end of each leaf separator is narrow and the rear end of each leaf separator is wide; and a channel between the straight planes of the two leaf separators is a conveying channel.

Furthermore, the surface of the clamping conveying belt is provided with a plurality of clamping teeth for clamping and righting the heart of the vegetable.

Further, the strapping device comprises a pressure sensor and a control device; the control device comprises a shell, a binder, a controller and a bottom cover, wherein the binder is arranged in the middle of the hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is hinged with the reversible bottom cover, and the middle of the bottom is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the weight of the heart in the shell; the controller controls the bundling device to bundle the cabbages in the shell according to the value detected by the pressure sensor, and controls the bottom cover to be opened in a delayed mode, so that the bundled cabbages fall into the conveying device.

Further, the conveying device comprises a connecting rod, a conveying device rack and a telescopic rod; one end of the rack of the conveying device is connected with the header through a connecting rod, and the height of the header is adjusted through the lifting of the connecting rod; the conveying device rack is connected with the walking device through a telescopic rod; the surface of the belt on the conveying device is provided with unsmooth grains for increasing the friction force between the cabbage heart and the conveying belt.

Further, the walking device comprises a vehicle body, a lifting rod and a guide plate; the lifting rod is positioned between the vehicle body and the collecting box and is used for loading and unloading the bundled flowering cabbage; the guide plate is used for guiding the cabbage heart to enter the collecting box.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention relates to an automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which is provided with a leaf separator which is arranged at the front end of a header frame, during operation, the leaf separator separates the stems and leaves on the side of a heart through the leaf separator, the front end of the leaf separator is narrow, the rear end of the leaf separator is wide, the whole body is arc-shaped, the inner openings of a pair of leaf separators are parallel, the distance between the inner openings of the leaf separators is slightly wider than that of vegetable stems, and the secondary growth of vegetables is prevented from being influenced by accidental injury of the stems and leaves during cutting.

2. According to the automatic leaf-dividing heart cutting and bundling integrated harvester, the clamping conveying belt with the clamping teeth can be used for righting and conveying heart vegetables to a cutting position through the clamping teeth, so that partial askew vegetables which cannot be harvested are solved, stems and leaves of the vegetables are protected, and secondary growth of the vegetables is not influenced.

3. According to the automatic leaf-dividing vegetable core harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, the telescopic rod is arranged between the conveying device rack and the walking device, so that the problem that vegetables growing in different heights cannot be harvested due to uneven field land during operation of a common harvesting machine can be solved, and the telescopic rod is adjusted according to the height of the vegetables in the field, so that part of the vegetables which are too high or too low can be harvested.

4. The automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester is arranged below a header through a bundling device and is used for bundling cut heart. The pressure sensor sends a bundling instruction when detecting that the pressure of the cabbage heart in the bundling device reaches a set value, the bundling device works through the sent bundling instruction, the bottom cover delays and overturns through time delay, the bundled cabbage heart falls off and is closed later, and subsequent manual sorting is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of an automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the header of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure and position of the cutting knife according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the binding apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a control schematic diagram of the binding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a conveying apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the walking device of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a cutting table; 101-a leaf splitter; 102-clamping the conveyor belt; 103-clamping teeth; 104-a header frame; 105-a screw; 106-cutting knife; 2-a binding device; 201-a pressure sensor; 202-control means; 2021-bundler; 2022-a controller; 2023-bottom cap; 2024-a time delay; 3-a conveying device; 301-connecting rod; 302-a conveyor rack; 303-a telescopic rod; 4-a walking device; 401-a vehicle body; 402-a lifting rod; and 5, collecting the box.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered as limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1, the automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester of the invention comprises a header 1, a bundling device 3, a connecting rod 2, a conveying device 3, a traveling device 4 and a collecting box 5, wherein the collecting box 5 is mounted on the traveling device 4, the header 1 is positioned at the front end of the harvester and used for separating leaves and cutting heart, and the bundling device 2 is mounted below the header 1 and used for bundling the cut heart; the conveying device 3 is arranged on the walking device 4 and is used for conveying the bundled cabbages into the collecting box 5; the header 1 is arranged on a frame of the conveying device 3;

as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the header 1 includes a leaf splitter 101, a clamping conveyor belt 102, a clamping tooth 103, a header frame 104, a screw 105, and a cutter 106; the header frame 104 is arranged on a frame of the conveying device 3, and the front end of the header frame 104 is provided with a plurality of leaf separating units for separating the side stems and leaves of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyer belt 102 is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife 106 is installed on the header frame 104 below the clamping conveyer belt 102 through a screw 105 and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device 2 through the clamping conveyer belt 102. The leaf separating unit is composed of two leaf separators 101, one end of each leaf separator 101 is a straight plane, the other end of each leaf separator 101 is an arc-shaped plane, and the front end of each leaf separator 101 is narrow and the rear end of each leaf separator 101 is wide; when the harvester operates, the front end of the leaf separator 101 penetrates through the heart of the vegetable and peels off the vegetable leaves on the two sides; the channel between the straight planes of two adjacent leaf separators 101 is a conveying channel, and the distance between the two adjacent leaf separators is slightly wider than that of the vegetable stalks. A clamping conveyer belt 102 is arranged behind each leaf separator 101, a plurality of clamping teeth 103 are arranged on the surface of the clamping conveyer belt 102 and used for clamping and righting the vegetable heart of the vegetable and conveying the vegetable heart to a cutting position through the clamping conveyer belt 102, and the rotating speed of the clamping conveyer belt 102 is consistent with the moving speed of the walking device 4. The clamping teeth 103 on two adjacent clamping conveyor belts 102 are in the same position, so that vegetables entering the conveying channel can be clamped by the clamping teeth 103 on the upper and lower clamping conveyor belts 102. The vegetable heart is conveyed to a cutting position through the clamping conveying belt 102, after being cut by the cutting knife 106, the cut vegetable heart is conveyed to the upper side of the bundling device 2 through the clamping conveying belt 102, during the conveying process, the relative positions of two adjacent clamping teeth on two sides are unchanged during conveying, so that the vegetable heart is prevented from sliding off, when the vegetable heart is conveyed to the tail end of the clamping conveying belt 102, the clamping teeth 103 are screwed into the header 1, and the vegetable heart falls into the bundling device 2;

as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the strapping device 2 comprises a pressure sensor 201 and a control device 202; the control device 202 comprises a shell, a bander 2021, a controller 2022 and a bottom cover 2023, the height of the hollow shell is higher than that of the cabbage heart, the bander 2021 is arranged in the middle of the hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is hinged with the reversible bottom cover 2023 through the controller 2022, and a pressure sensor 201 is arranged in the middle of the bottom and is used for detecting the weight of the cabbage heart in the shell; the controller 2022 controls the bander 2021 to bundle the heart in the casing according to the value detected by the pressure sensor 201, and the controller 2022 controls the bottom lid 2023 to open with a delay, so that the bundled heart falls into the conveyer 3. The working principle is as follows: when the pressure sensor 201 detects that the pressure of the heart in the shell reaches 5N, the controller 2022 controls the bundler 2021 to work and is used for bundling the falling heart; a time delay device 2024 is arranged in the controller 2022, and the controller 2022 controls the bottom cover 2023 to delay the opening of the bundling device 2021, so that the bundled cabbage heart falls from the shell;

as shown in fig. 6, the conveying device 3 includes a connecting rod 301, a conveying device frame 302 and a telescopic rod 303; one end of the conveying device rack 302 is connected with the header 1 through a connecting rod 301, and the height of the header 1 is adjusted through the lifting of the connecting rod 301; the conveying device rack 302 is connected with the traveling device 4 through an expansion link 303, the overall height of the header 1 and the conveying device 3 is adjusted through the expansion link 303, and the situation that the vegetable growth heights in the field are different and the collecting box 5 is prevented from colliding with the conveying belt 302 in the unloading process are met; the belt surface on conveyer 3 has not smooth line for frictional force between increase heart of a dish and the conveyer belt avoids the unable collection box 5 of transporting of heart of a dish.

As shown in fig. 7, the traveling device 4 includes a vehicle body 401, a boom 402, and a deflector; the lifting rod 402 is positioned between the vehicle body 401 and the collecting box 5 and is used for loading and unloading bundled flowering cabbages; the deflector 403 is used to guide the flowering cabbage into the collection bin 4.

The invention relates to an automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which comprises the following specific working processes: firstly, the header 1 is equal to the position of the heart of the dish by regulating and controlling the telescopic rod 303. When the leaf separator 101 works, stems and leaves on the side of the heart of the cabbage are pulled open, the clamping teeth 103 are used for righting and clamping the heart of the cabbage, and the heart of the cabbage is conveyed to the cutting knife 106 through the clamping conveying belt 102. After being cut by the cutting knife 106, the heart is conveyed to the upper part of the bundling device 2 under the continuous action of the clamping conveying belt 102, when the heart is conveyed to the tail end of the clamping conveying belt 102, the clamping teeth 103 are screwed into the header 1, and the heart falls into the trapping device 2. When the pressure sensor 201 detects that the pressure of the cabbage inside the shell reaches 5N, the controller 2022 controls the bundler 2021 to work and is used for bundling the fallen cabbage; a time delay device 2024 is arranged in the controller 2022, and the controller 2022 controls the bottom cover 2023 to delay the opening of the bundling device 2021, so that the bundled cabbage heart falls from the shell; the bunched flowering cabbage falls onto the conveyor 3 and finally falls into the collection box 5 via the deflector 403.

It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester is characterized in that a header (1), a bundling device (3), a connecting rod (2), a conveying device (3), a traveling device (4) and a collecting box (5) are arranged on the traveling device (4), the header (1) is used for separating leaves and cutting heart vegetables, and the bundling device (2) is arranged below the header (1) and used for bundling the cut heart vegetables; the conveying device (3) is arranged on the walking device (4) and is used for conveying the bundled flowering cabbages into the collecting box (5); the header (1) is arranged on a frame of the conveying device (3);

the header (1) comprises a leaf separator (101), a clamping conveyer belt (102), a header frame (104) and a cutting knife (106); the header rack (104) is arranged on a rack of the conveying device (3), and a plurality of leaf separating units are arranged at the front end of the header rack (104) and used for separating the stem leaves at the side edges of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyer belt (102) is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife (106) is located below the clamping conveyer belt (102) and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device (2) through the clamping conveyer belt (102).

2. The automatic leaf-dividing flowering cabbage harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, wherein the leaf-dividing unit is composed of two leaf-dividing devices (101), one end of each leaf-dividing device (101) is a straight plane, the other end of each leaf-dividing device (101) is an arc-shaped plane, and the front end of each leaf-dividing device (101) is narrow, and the rear end of each leaf-dividing device is wide; the channel between the straight planes of the two leaf dividers (101) is a conveying channel.

3. The automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the clamping conveyor belt (102) is provided with a plurality of clamping teeth (103) for clamping and righting the heart of the vegetable.

4. The automatic leafing heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that said bundling means (2) comprise pressure sensors (201) and control means (202); the control device (202) comprises a shell, a bander (2021), a controller (2022) and a bottom cover (2023), the bander (2021) is arranged in the middle of the hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is hinged with the reversible bottom cover (2023), and a pressure sensor (201) is arranged in the middle of the bottom and used for detecting the weight of the cabbage heart in the shell; the controller (2022) controls the bander (2021) to bundle the cabbages in the shell according to the value detected by the pressure sensor (201), and the controller (2022) controls the bottom cover (2023) to be opened in a delayed mode, so that the bundled cabbages fall into the conveying device (3).

5. The automatic leafing heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that said conveyor (3) comprises a connecting rod (301), a conveyor frame (302) and a telescopic rod (303); one end of the conveying device rack (302) is connected with the cutting table (1) through a connecting rod (301), and the height of the cutting table (1) is adjusted through the lifting of the connecting rod (301); the conveying device rack (302) is connected with the walking device (4) through a telescopic rod (303); the surface of the belt on the conveying device (3) is provided with unsmooth grains, and the unsmooth grains are used for increasing the friction force between the cabbage heart and the conveying belt.

6. The automatic leafing heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that said walking means (4) comprise a body (401), a lifting rod (402), a deflector; the lifting rod (402) is positioned between the vehicle body (401) and the collecting box (5) and is used for loading and unloading bundled flowering cabbages; the guide plate is used for guiding the flowering cabbage to enter the collecting box (4).