CN113475227B

CN113475227B - Automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester

Info

Publication number: CN113475227B
Application number: CN202110721309.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐忠; 鲁庭; 钱鹏飞; 李晨龙; 李娜
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2021-06-28
Filing date: 2021-06-28
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-28
Also published as: CN113475227A

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which comprises a header, a bundling device, a connecting rod, a conveying device, a traveling device and a collecting box, wherein the header is used for separating leaves and cutting heart vegetables; the header comprises a leaf separator, a clamping conveyer belt, a header frame and a cutting knife; the header rack is arranged on a rack of the conveying device, and the front end of the header rack is provided with a plurality of leaf separating units for separating the stems and leaves at the side edges of the vegetable heart; the clamping conveyer belt is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife is located below the clamping conveyer belt and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device through the clamping conveyer belt. The invention can be used for strengthening the body by clamping the teeth and conveying the vegetable heart to the cutting position, so that the stem leaves of the vegetable are protected, and the secondary growth of the vegetable is not influenced.

Description

Automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester.

Background

The vegetable is one of essential foods in daily diet of people, and can provide various vitamins, minerals and other nutrient substances necessary for human bodies. Has effects of providing multiple vitamins, providing mineral elements, and improving intestinal function. Many vegetables tend to have only hearts eaten, which requires separation of the vegetable heart from the stem and leaves. Compared with the mechanized production of grains, the mechanized degree of vegetable production in China is very low. In the whole process of vegetable production, including soil preparation, seeding, transplanting, field management, harvesting and the like, the harvesting workload accounts for more than 40% of the whole vegetable production workload, but at present, the vegetable harvesting operation in China is basically completed manually, almost no machine tool is available, but the mode of manually obtaining vegetable heart is time-consuming, so the appearance of a heart harvesting device is inevitable.

In recent years, as the harvesting machines are developed, more and more vegetable harvesting machines are available, but many problems still exist. According to the vegetable harvester disclosed by the prior art, when vegetables are harvested, the vegetables are directly cut, and partial vegetable leaves are inevitably cut, so that the secondary growth of the vegetables is damaged, and the impurity content of the harvested vegetable heart is increased; the vegetable harvester disclosed by the prior art is a small vegetable harvester, roots can be cut off only at the same height during harvesting, and the situation that vegetable stems are cut or vegetable cores are missed is often caused; the single-wheel vegetable harvester disclosed by the prior art can adjust the cutting width and the cutting width, but when cutting a vegetable core, if the vegetable cannot grow stably in soil or the whole vegetable grows obliquely, the vegetable core and stem leaves cannot be cut and separated smoothly, and the impurity content is high.

However, in the mechanical harvesting of vegetable heart, the vegetable stem and leaves need to be separated from the heart, and the heart is conveyed to the collecting device through the conveying device without damaging the stem and leaves. However, most of the existing vegetable harvesters on the market harvest vegetables like green vegetables which are directly cut from the bottom of the vegetables, so that the stems and leaves of the vegetables can be damaged, and the vegetable harvester is not suitable for the vegetables which can grow twice.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic leaf-dividing heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which avoids the phenomenon that the secondary growth of vegetables is influenced by injuring the stem leaves by mistake when cutting the heart.

The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.

An automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester comprises a header, a bundling device, a connecting rod, a conveying device, a traveling device and a collecting box, wherein the collecting box is installed on the traveling device, the header is used for separating leaves and cutting heart vegetables, and the bundling device is installed below the header and is used for bundling the cut heart vegetables; the conveying device is arranged on the walking device and is used for conveying the bundled flowering cabbages into the collecting box; the header is arranged on a frame of the conveying device;

the header comprises a leaf splitter, a clamping conveyer belt, a header frame and a cutter; the header rack is arranged on a rack of the conveying device, and the front end of the header rack is provided with a plurality of leaf separating units for separating the stem leaves at the side edges of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyer belt is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife is located below the clamping conveyer belt and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device through the clamping conveyer belt.

Further, the leaf separating unit is composed of two leaf separators, one end of each leaf separator is a straight plane, the other end of each leaf separator is an arc-shaped surface, and the front end of each leaf separator is narrow and the rear end of each leaf separator is wide; and a channel between the straight planes of the two leaf dividers is a conveying channel.

Furthermore, the surface of the clamping conveying belt is provided with a plurality of clamping teeth for clamping and righting the heart of the vegetable.

Further, the strapping device comprises a pressure sensor and a control device; the control device comprises a shell, a binder, a controller and a bottom cover, wherein the binder is arranged in the middle of the hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is hinged with the reversible bottom cover, and the middle of the bottom is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the weight of the cabbage heart in the shell; the controller controls the bundling device to bundle the cabbages in the shell according to the value detected by the pressure sensor, and controls the bottom cover to be opened in a delayed mode, so that the bundled cabbages fall into the conveying device.

Further, the conveying device comprises a connecting rod, a conveying device rack and a telescopic rod; one end of the rack of the conveying device is connected with the cutting table through a connecting rod, and the height of the cutting table is adjusted through the connecting rod in a lifting way; the transmission device frame is connected with the walking device through a telescopic rod; the surface of the belt on the conveying device is provided with unsmooth grains for increasing the friction force between the cabbage heart and the conveying belt.

Further, the walking device comprises a vehicle body, a lifting rod and a guide plate; the lifting rod is positioned between the vehicle body and the collecting box and is used for loading and unloading the bundled flowering cabbage; the guide plate is used for guiding the cabbage heart to enter the collecting box.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention relates to an automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which is provided with leaf separators which are arranged at the front ends of a header frame, and are used for separating stems and leaves on the side edges of a heart of a vegetable during operation.

2. According to the automatic leaf-dividing heart cutting and bundling integrated harvester, the clamping conveying belt with the clamping teeth can be used for righting and conveying heart vegetables to a cutting position through the clamping teeth, so that partial askew vegetables which cannot be harvested are solved, stems and leaves of the vegetables are protected, and secondary growth of the vegetables is not influenced.

3. According to the automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, the telescopic rod is arranged between the conveying device rack and the walking device, so that the problem that vegetables growing in different heights cannot be harvested due to uneven field land during operation of a common harvesting machine can be solved, and the telescopic rod is adjusted according to the height of the vegetables in the field, so that part of the vegetables which are too high or too low can be harvested.

4. The automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester is arranged below a header through a bundling device and is used for bundling cut heart. The pressure sensor sends a bundling instruction when detecting that the heart pressure reaches a set value by detecting the heart pressure in the bundling device, the bundling device works through the sent bundling instruction, the bottom cover lags behind and turns over through time delay for dropping bundled heart, and then the bottom cover is closed, so that the subsequent manual arrangement is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of an automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the header of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure and position of the cutting knife according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of the binding apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a control schematic of the strapping apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveying device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the walking device of the present invention.

In the figure:

1, cutting the table; 101-a leaf splitter; 102-clamping the conveyor belt; 103-clamping teeth; 104-a header frame; 105-a screw; 106-cutting knife; 2-a binding device; 201-a pressure sensor; 202-control means; 2021-bundler; 2022-a controller; 2023-bottom cap; 2024-a time delay; 3-a conveying device; 301-connecting rod; 302-a conveyor rack; 303-a telescopic rod; 4, a walking device; 401-a vehicle body; 402-a lifting rod; and 5, collecting the box.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the figures, which are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1, the automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester comprises a header 1, a bundling device 2, a connecting rod 301, a conveying device 3, a traveling device 4 and a collecting box 5, wherein the collecting box 5 is mounted on the traveling device 4, the header 1 is positioned at the front end of the harvester and used for separating leaves and cutting heart, and the bundling device 2 is mounted below the header 1 and used for bundling the cut heart; the conveying device 3 is arranged on the walking device 4 and is used for conveying the bundled flowering cabbages into the collecting box 5; the header 1 is arranged on a frame of the conveying device 3;

as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the header 1 includes a leaf splitter 101, a clamping conveyor belt 102, a clamping tooth 103, a header frame 104, a screw 105, and a cutter 106; the header rack 104 is arranged on a rack of the conveying device 3, and the front end of the header rack 104 is provided with a plurality of leaf separating units for separating the stems and leaves at the side edges of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyer belt 102 is located behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of a cabbage, the cutting knife 106 is mounted on the header frame 104 below the clamping conveyer belt 102 through screws 105 and used for cutting the heart of a cabbage, and the cut heart of a cabbage is conveyed into the binding device 2 through the clamping conveyer belt 102. The leaf separating unit is composed of two leaf separators 101, one end of each leaf separator 101 is a straight plane, the other end of each leaf separator 101 is an arc-shaped surface, and the front end of each leaf separator 101 is narrow and the rear end of each leaf separator 101 is wide; when the harvester works, the front end of the leaf separator 101 penetrates through the vegetable heart, and vegetable leaves on two sides are peeled off; the channel between the straight planes of two adjacent leaf dividers 101 is a conveying channel, and the distance between the two adjacent leaf dividers is slightly wider than that of the vegetable stalks. A clamping conveyer belt 102 is arranged behind each leaf separator 101, a plurality of clamping teeth 103 are arranged on the surface of the clamping conveyer belt 102 and used for clamping and righting the vegetable core of the vegetable and conveying the vegetable core to a cutting position through the clamping conveyer belt 102, and the rotating speed of the clamping conveyer belt 102 is consistent with the moving speed of the walking device 4. The clamping teeth 103 on two adjacent clamping conveyer belts 102 are in the same position, so that the vegetables entering the conveying channel can be clamped by the clamping teeth 103 on the upper and lower clamping conveyer belts 102. The vegetable heart is conveyed to a cutting position through the clamping conveying belt 102, after being cut by the cutting knife 106, the cut vegetable heart is conveyed to the upper side of the bundling device 2 through the clamping conveying belt 102, during the conveying process, the relative positions of two adjacent clamping teeth on two sides are unchanged during conveying, so that the vegetable heart is prevented from sliding off, when the vegetable heart is conveyed to the tail end of the clamping conveying belt 102, the clamping teeth 103 are screwed into the header 1, and the vegetable heart falls into the bundling device 2;

as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the strapping device 2 comprises a pressure sensor 201 and a control device 202; the control device 202 comprises a shell, a binder 2021, a controller 2022 and a bottom cover 2023, the height of the hollow shell is higher than that of the cabbage heart, the binder 2021 is arranged in the middle of the hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is hinged with the reversible bottom cover 2023 through the controller 2022, and a pressure sensor 201 is arranged in the middle of the bottom and used for detecting the weight of the cabbage heart in the shell; the controller 2022 controls the bander 2021 to bundle the heart in the casing according to the value detected by the pressure sensor 201, and the controller 2022 controls the bottom lid 2023 to open with a delay, so that the bundled heart falls into the conveyor 3. The working principle is as follows: when the pressure sensor 201 detects that the pressure of the cabbage heart in the shell reaches 5N, the controller 2022 controls the bundler 2021 to work and is used for bundling the falling cabbage heart; a time delay device 2024 is arranged in the controller 2022, and the controller 2022 controls the bottom cover 2023 to delay the opening of the bundling device 2021, so that the bundled cabbage heart falls from the shell;

as shown in fig. 6, the conveying device 3 includes a connecting rod 301, a conveying device frame 302 and a telescopic rod 303; one end of the conveyer frame 302 is connected with the header 1 through a connecting rod 301, and the height of the header 1 is adjusted through the lifting of the connecting rod 301; the conveying device rack 302 is connected with the traveling device 4 through an expansion link 303, the overall height of the header 1 and the conveying device 3 is adjusted through the expansion link 303, and the situation that the vegetable growth heights in the field are different and the collecting box 5 is prevented from colliding with the conveying belt 302 in the unloading process is adapted; the belt surface on the conveyer 3 has unsmooth line for frictional force between increase heart of a cabbage and the conveyer belt avoids the unable collection box 5 of transporting of heart of a cabbage.

As shown in fig. 7, the traveling device 4 includes a vehicle body 401, a boom 402, and a deflector; the lifting rod 402 is positioned between the vehicle body 401 and the collecting box 5 and is used for loading and unloading bundled flowering cabbages; the deflector 403 is used to guide the flowering cabbage into the collecting container 4.

The invention relates to an automatic leaf-separating vegetable heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester, which comprises the following working processes: firstly, the header 1 is equal to the heart of the dish in height by adjusting and controlling the telescopic rod 303. When the leaf separator 101 works, stems and leaves on the side of the heart of the cabbage are pulled open, the clamping teeth 103 are used for righting and clamping the heart of the cabbage, and the heart of the cabbage is conveyed to the cutting knife 106 through the clamping conveying belt 102. After being cut by the cutting knife 106, the heart is conveyed to the upper part of the bundling device 2 under the continuous action of the clamping conveyer belt 102, when the heart is conveyed to the tail end of the clamping conveyer belt 102, the clamping teeth 103 are screwed into the header 1, and the heart falls into the trapping device 2. When the pressure sensor 201 detects that the pressure of the cabbage heart in the shell reaches 5N, the controller 2022 controls the bundler 2021 to work and is used for bundling the falling cabbage heart; a time delay device 2024 is arranged in the controller 2022, and the controller 2022 controls the bottom cover 2023 to delay the opening of the bundling device 2021, so that the bundled cabbage heart falls from the shell; the bunched flowering cabbage falls onto the conveying device 3 and finally falls into the collection box 5 through the guide plate 403.

It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester is characterized by comprising a cutting table (1), a bundling device (2), a connecting rod (301), a conveying device (3), a traveling device (4) and a collecting box (5), wherein the collecting box (5) is mounted on the traveling device (4), the cutting table (1) is used for separating leaves and cutting heart vegetables, and the bundling device (2) is mounted below the cutting table (1) and used for bundling the cut heart vegetables; the conveying device (3) is arranged on the traveling device (4) and is used for conveying the bundled cabbage cores into the collecting box (5); the header (1) is arranged on a rack of the conveying device (3);

the header (1) comprises a leaf splitter (101), a clamping conveying belt (102), a header rack (104) and a cutter (106); the header rack (104) is arranged on a rack of the conveying device (3), and a plurality of leaf separating units are arranged at the front end of the header rack (104) and used for separating the stem leaves at the side edges of the flowering cabbage; the clamping conveyer belt (102) is positioned behind the leaf separating unit and used for clamping the heart of the dish, the cutting knife (106) is positioned below the clamping conveyer belt (102) and used for cutting the heart of the dish, and the cut heart of the dish is conveyed into the bundling device (2) through the clamping conveyer belt (102);

the leaf separating unit is composed of two leaf separators (101), one end of each leaf separator (101) is a straight plane, the other end of each leaf separator (101) is an arc-shaped surface, the front end of each leaf separator (101) is narrow, and the rear end of each leaf separator (101) is wide; a channel between the straight planes of the two leaf separators (101) is a conveying channel;

the strapping device (2) comprises a pressure sensor (201) and a control device (202); the control device (202) comprises a shell, a bundler (2021), a controller (2022) and a bottom cover (2023), the bundler (2021) is installed in the middle of the hollow shell, the bottom of the shell is hinged with the reversible bottom cover (2023), and a pressure sensor (201) is installed in the middle of the bottom of the shell and used for detecting the weight of the cabbage heart in the shell; the controller (2022) controls the bander (2021) to bundle the cabbages in the shell according to the value detected by the pressure sensor (201), and the controller (2022) controls the bottom cover (2023) to be opened in a delayed mode, so that the bundled cabbages fall into the conveying device (3).

2. The automatic leaf-separating heart harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the clamping conveyor belt (102) is provided with a plurality of clamping teeth (103) for clamping and righting the heart of the vegetable.

3. The automatic leafing flowering cabbage harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor (3) comprises a connecting rod (301), a conveyor frame (302) and a telescopic rod (303); one end of the conveying device rack (302) is connected with the cutting table (1) through a connecting rod (301), and the height of the cutting table (1) is adjusted through the lifting of the connecting rod (301); the conveying device rack (302) is connected with the walking device (4) through a telescopic rod (303); the surface of the belt on the conveying device (3) is provided with unsmooth grains, and the unsmooth grains are used for increasing the friction force between the cabbage heart and the conveying belt.

4. The automatic leafing flowering cabbage harvesting and bundling integrated harvester according to claim 1, wherein the walking device (4) comprises a vehicle body (401), a lifting rod (402), a deflector plate; the lifting rod (402) is positioned between the vehicle body (401) and the collecting box (5) and is used for loading and unloading bundled flowering cabbages; the guide plate is used for guiding the flowering cabbage to enter the collecting box (5).