CN113467555A - Sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method and intelligent regulator - Google Patents
Sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method and intelligent regulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method and an intelligent regulator, wherein the intelligent regulator comprises an environment information acquisition unit, an environment regulation and analysis unit, an equipment control unit and a mobile phone application unit, the environment regulation and analysis unit analyzes according to environment parameters uploaded by the information acquisition unit, and controls and regulates a curtain rolling machine, an upper air inlet film rolling machine and a lower air inlet film rolling machine through the equipment control unit so as to form a scientific environment regulation and control scheme; through the mobile phone application unit, mobile application functions such as information query, parameter setting, remote control and the like can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sunlight greenhouse environment control, in particular to a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method and an intelligent regulator.
Background
The sunlight greenhouse is a crystal of the people who work in China and the wisdom, only one greenhouse in the world can be used for planting overwintering vegetables in high latitude areas without consuming energy, is an important facility for ensuring the supply of the vegetables in winter in northern areas of China, and has huge reserve in China.
In daily management of a sunlight greenhouse, environmental regulation and control are important management works and are used for ensuring that environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, illuminance and carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse are suitable for the requirements of crop growth. The main environment regulating and controlling equipment comprises a rolling shutter machine and a ventilation machine.
At present, the operation management of the environment regulation and control equipment is mainly operated manually according to the experience of growers, a matched temperature controller carries out automatic ventilation regulation according to a manual set value, and the current situations of single function and unstable operation also exist. The lag of the regulation and control of the greenhouse environment not only causes the greenhouse environment to be not suitable for the growth needs of crops, thereby influencing the yield and the quality of vegetables, but also occupies a great amount of time and energy of growers, through preliminary calculation, 10 roller shutters and ventilation of the sunlight greenhouse are managed, the labor needs to be invested for about 2-4 hours every day, and the invested labor cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method and an intelligent regulator, which can form a scientific environment regulation and control scheme according to sunlight greenhouse internal environment information, greenhouse external weather information and automatic decision.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method is used for realizing intelligent opening of a curtain rolling machine, an upper air outlet film rolling device and a lower air outlet film rolling device of a sunlight greenhouse, and comprises the following steps:
a. setting the optimal rolling time tb and optimal curtain placing time tu of the rolling machine in a certain day according to the type, growth period and season of crops, and storing the information into a storage unit;
b. a reading storage unit for controlling the timing rolling and releasing of the rolling machine every day according to the optimal rolling time tb and the optimal releasing time tu;
c. setting a suitable temperature interval in the shed to be T1-T2 according to the type, the growth period and the season of crops, storing the temperature interval in a storage unit, calculating a temperature set value T3= (T1 + T2)/2 and a return difference T4= (T2-T1)/2, and collecting the real-time temperature T5 in the shed;
d. the film rolling device of the upper air outlet controls the opening size of the upper air outlet: setting the action interval time of the film rolling device at the upper air outlet at T1 every time, and when T5-T3 is less than 0 and T3-T5 is more than T4, reducing the opening of the upper air outlet by 10%; when T5-T3 is more than T4, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is increased by 10 percent; when T1 is more than T5 and less than T2, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is kept unchanged;
e. the film rolling device of the lower air outlet controls the seasonal normal open or normal close of the lower air outlet;
f. and monitoring rain and snow information in real time, automatically closing an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet after receiving the rain and snow information, exiting from an automatic mode, and alarming to notify a user.
Preferably, on the basis of the step b, setting a maximum allowable temperature drop delta in the shed and a rolling motion interval t2 again; collecting the greenhouse temperature T50 during rolling the curtain and the greenhouse temperature T51 after T3 time of the curtain, if T50-T51 is more than or equal to delta, immediately executing curtain release, informing a user that the curtain is rolled after T2 time because of low illumination difference of outdoor environment temperature, executing a curtain rolling instruction again after T2 time delay, and repeating the process; if T50-T51 < Δ, the roller shade is maintained.
Preferably, on the basis of the step b, acquiring the real-time temperature T5 in the greenhouse at the time T4 before the optimal curtain placing time tu, and executing a curtain placing command when T5 is less than or equal to T3; when T5 is larger than T3, the curtain releasing time is delayed until T5 is less than or equal to T3, and then the curtain is released.
Preferably, the upper bleeding hole is closed at time t5 after the optimal rolling time tb and then adjusted normally according to step d.
5. An intelligent controller, which adopts the sunlight greenhouse environment control method of any one of claims 1-4, comprising:
the environment information acquisition unit is used for acquiring environment parameters inside the sunlight greenhouse or outside the sunlight greenhouse;
the equipment control unit is used for controlling the curtain rolling machine, the upper air outlet film rolling device and the lower air outlet film rolling device;
and the environment adjusting and analyzing unit comprises a control host and a storage unit, wherein the control host controls the equipment control unit by reading the storage unit and according to the received environment parameters of the environment information acquisition unit, and then controls the roller shutter, the upper air outlet film rolling device and the lower air outlet film rolling device to act.
Preferably, the system also comprises an equipment operation information acquisition unit and an image information acquisition unit, wherein the equipment operation information acquisition unit and the image information acquisition unit are in communication connection with the environment information acquisition unit.
Preferably, the system further comprises a mobile phone application unit capable of communicating with the environment regulation and analysis unit in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the control host computer obtains the best roll curtain of crop every day and puts the curtain time in this growth period, realizes regularly automatically that roll up the curtain and put the curtain, and simultaneously, the host computer obtains big-arch shelter inside and outside environment information to the opening size through adjusting the air outlet goes up and finely tunes the big-arch shelter inside environment, and automatic decision forms scientific environment regulation and control scheme, realizes the automation of sunlight greenhouse environment, unmanned regulation and control, solves current sunlight greenhouse planting managers experience not enough, environmental conditioning lags behind, the problem that takes a lot of work and labours.
2. The time for rolling and releasing the curtain is further reasonably controlled according to the maximum allowable temperature drop delta in the greenhouse within a period of time after rolling the curtain, so that the warmer and proper temperature environment of the sunlight greenhouse is better ensured.
3. The real-time temperature T5 in the greenhouse is collected at T4 before the optimal curtain placing time tu, and the curtain placing is determined to be advanced or delayed through the comparison of T5 and a temperature set value T3, so that the warmer and proper temperature environment of the sunlight greenhouse is further ensured.
4. And (d) closing the upper air discharging opening for t5 time after the optimal rolling time tb, and then normally adjusting according to the step d, wherein after the rolling screen is lifted in the morning, the illumination becomes strong, the temperature in the greenhouse starts to rise, and at the moment, the concentration of CO2 in the greenhouse is at a higher level, and the photosynthesis at t5 time in a high-concentration carbon dioxide environment is firstly carried out, so that the better growth of crops is promoted.
5. The mobile terminal also comprises an equipment operation information acquisition unit, an image information acquisition unit and a mobile phone application unit, and can realize mobile application functions such as information inquiry, remote monitoring, parameter setting, remote control and the like through a mobile phone.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural framework of an intelligent controller according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An intelligent regulator, comprising: the structure framework of the environment information acquisition unit, the equipment control unit, the environment regulation and analysis unit and the intelligent regulator is shown in figure 1.
The environment information acquisition unit mainly comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an illumination sensor, a CO2 concentration sensor, a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of soil, a soil moisture sensor for measuring the water content of the soil, a rain and snow sensor and the like, and is used for acquiring environment parameters inside the sunlight greenhouse or outside the sunlight greenhouse. The collected environmental parameters are uploaded to an environment adjusting and analyzing unit, so that the environment adjusting and analyzing unit is convenient for workers to check and perform manual intervention and management as required.
The equipment control unit adopts the PLC controller in this embodiment for control roll up curtain machine, go up the air outlet film rolling ware and transfer the instruction action under the air outlet film rolling ware according to environmental conditioning analysis unit.
The environment adjusting and analyzing unit comprises a control host and a storage unit, wherein the control host is a single chip microcomputer, the storage unit is a single chip microcomputer memory, a time schedule of the optimal rolling time tb and the optimal rolling time tu corresponding to the crop type, the growth period and the season is stored in the single chip microcomputer memory, the single chip microcomputer controls the equipment control unit by reading the time schedule in the single chip microcomputer memory and according to received environment parameters of the environment information acquisition unit, and then the actions of the rolling machine, the upper air outlet film rolling device and the lower air outlet film rolling device are controlled.
The communication modes of the environment regulation and analysis unit, the equipment control unit and the environment information acquisition unit include but are not limited to GPRS, Ethernet and the like. The implementation of the above control and the network connection manner are the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The intelligent greenhouse film rolling machine is characterized by further comprising an equipment operation information acquisition unit and an image information acquisition unit, wherein the equipment operation information acquisition unit and the image information acquisition unit are in communication connection with the environment information acquisition unit, information acquired by the equipment operation information acquisition unit and the image information acquisition unit is uploaded in real time, and management personnel can conveniently know the operation states of the rolling machine state, the air outlet film rolling machine state and the like at any time and monitor the interior of the greenhouse.
The mobile phone application unit can be in real-time communication with the environment adjusting and analyzing unit, and mobile application functions such as information inquiry, remote monitoring, parameter setting and remote control are achieved through the mobile phone app.
A sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method is used for realizing intelligent opening of a curtain rolling machine, an upper air outlet film rolling device and a lower air outlet film rolling device of a sunlight greenhouse, and comprises the following steps:
a. setting the optimal rolling time tb and optimal curtain placing time tu of the rolling machine in a certain day according to the type, growth period and season of crops, and storing the information into a storage unit;
b. a reading storage unit for controlling the timing rolling and releasing of the rolling machine every day according to the optimal rolling time tb and the optimal releasing time tu;
c. setting a suitable temperature interval in the shed to be T1-T2 according to the type, the growth period and the season of crops, storing the temperature interval in a storage unit, calculating a temperature set value T3= (T1 + T2)/2 and a return difference T4= (T2-T1)/2, and collecting the real-time temperature T5 in the shed;
d. the film rolling device of the upper air outlet controls the opening size of the upper air outlet: setting the action interval time of the film rolling device at the upper air outlet at T1 every time, and when T5-T3 is less than 0 and T3-T5 is more than T4, reducing the opening of the upper air outlet by 10%; when T5-T3 is more than T4, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is increased by 10 percent; when T1 is more than T5 and less than T2, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is kept unchanged;
e. the film rolling device of the lower air outlet controls the seasonal normal open or normal close of the lower air outlet;
f. and monitoring rain and snow information in real time, automatically closing an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet after receiving the rain and snow information, exiting from an automatic mode, and alarming to notify a user.
In the step a, a storage unit stores a schedule for setting the optimal rolling time tb and the optimal releasing time tu of the rolling machine in a certain day according to the type of the crop, the growing period and the season, in this embodiment, taking the fruit period of the tomato as an example, the optimal rolling time tb in the day of the first week in spring is 9:00, and the optimal releasing time tu is 16: 00.
In the step b, the environment adjusting and analyzing unit reads the time information in the storage unit and communicates with the equipment control unit to further control the action of the roller shutter machine, so that 9:00 punctual roller shutters and 16:00 punctual shutter placing are realized. The roller shutter and the roller shutter are realized by pulling and putting down the quilt through the roller shutter machine, the heat preservation effect of the quilt is better, the roller shutter is also provided with an upper limit switch and a lower limit switch, and the roller shutter are confirmed to be in place and fed back through the limit switches.
In the step c, the suitable temperature interval in the greenhouse is set to be T1-T2 according to the type, the growth period and the season of the crops, and is stored in a storage unit, the control host calculates the temperature set values of T3= (T1 + T2)/2 and the return difference T4= (T2-T1)/2, in the embodiment, the suitable temperature interval of the fruit period of the tomatoes is set to be 20-30 ℃, then T3 is 25 ℃, and T4 is 5 ℃. The environmental information acquisition unit acquires the real-time temperature T5 in the greenhouse and sends T5 to the environmental regulation analysis unit, according to the algorithm in the step d, the temperature T5 is assumed to be 18 ℃, the temperature T5-T3 is less than 0, T3-T5 is more than T4, the temperature in the greenhouse is slightly low, and the environmental regulation analysis unit controls the upper air outlet film rolling device to reduce the opening degree of the upper air outlet by 10%; after T1 time, namely 30 minutes set in the embodiment, collecting T5 again, if T5 is 19 ℃, namely T5-T3 is less than 0, and T3-T5 is more than T4, indicating that the temperature is still slightly low, controlling the film rolling device of the upper air outlet by the environment adjusting and analyzing unit to reduce the opening of the upper air outlet by 10 percent, and closing the upper air outlet to the minimum limit of 10 percent to leave a ventilation space; if the T5 is 32 ℃ at the moment, the T5-T3 is more than T4 at the moment, which indicates that the temperature in the shed is slightly high, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is increased by 10 percent, the T5 is collected again after 30 minutes, and if the T5 is 31 ℃ at the moment, the T5-T3 is more than T4, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is increased by 10 percent again, and the maximum limit of the opening degree of the upper air outlet is 100 percent; if the T5 is 25 ℃ and T1 < T5 < T2, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is kept unchanged. The temperature in the greenhouse is finely adjusted by the opening size of the upper air outlet, so that the temperature in the greenhouse is more suitable.
The opening control of the upper air outlet can be realized by adopting a timing mode, namely: when the upper limit switch is reset, the value of the opening degree is assigned K =100%, namely the upper air outlet is fully opened at the moment; and when the lower limit switch acts, the value of the opening degree is assigned to K =0, namely the upper air outlet is completely closed at the moment. And setting the total time length of the upper air outlet of the film rolling device of the upper air outlet to be FT0, the operation time length of the film rolling device of the upper air outlet at this time to be JT1 and the initial opening value to be K0, wherein the opening value is K = K0+ JT1/FT0 when the upper air outlet is opened, and the opening value is K = K0-JT1/FT0 when the upper air outlet is closed. If FT0 is set to be 30 seconds and K0 is 10%, if a 10% opening value needs to be increased, namely the opening value is increased to be 20%, according to K = K0+ JT1/FT0, the upward operation time JT1 of the air outlet film rolling device needs to be 3 seconds.
In the step e, the film rolling device of the downward air inlet controls the downward air inlet to be normally open or normally closed seasonally, in the embodiment, the downward air inlet can be set to be kept normally open in summer and autumn, ventilation is facilitated, and the downward air inlet is kept normally closed in spring and winter, so that heat preservation is facilitated.
And monitoring rain and snow information in real time, automatically closing an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet after receiving the rain and snow information, exiting from an automatic mode, and alarming to notify a user. Rain and snow information is acquired through a rain and snow sensor in the environment information acquisition unit, then the information is sent to the environment adjusting and analyzing unit so as to control the upper air outlet and the lower air outlet to be closed, and meanwhile, the information is sent to the mobile phone application unit to alarm and inform a user.
Further, on the basis of the step b, setting a maximum allowable temperature drop delta in the shed and a secondary rolling motion interval t 2; collecting the greenhouse temperature T50 during rolling the curtain and the greenhouse temperature T51 after T3 time of the curtain, if T50-T51 is more than or equal to delta, immediately executing curtain release, informing a user that the curtain is rolled after T2 time because of low illumination difference of outdoor environment temperature, executing a curtain rolling instruction again after T2 time delay, and repeating the process; if T50-T51 < Δ, the roller shade is maintained. Assuming that delta is 3 ℃, T2 is 30 minutes, T3 is 60 minutes, the cotton quilt is completely rolled up by the curtain rolling machine when the daily curtain rolling time is 9:00 and 9:00, the temperature T50 in the shed is collected at the moment, the temperature T51 in the shed is collected after 60 minutes, and if T50-T51 is more than or equal to delta, the outside temperature is still too low, and curtain releasing is immediately carried out; after 30 minutes, the process is repeated again, i.e. T50 is measured and T51 is measured one hour later, if T50-T51 <. DELTA, the outside temperature rises, thus maintaining the rolling state until the optimal rolling time tu. The rolling curtain and the releasing curtain are further reasonably controlled by setting the maximum allowable temperature drop delta, so that the warmer and proper temperature environment of the sunlight greenhouse is better ensured.
Further, on the basis of the step b, acquiring the real-time temperature T5 in the shed at the time T4 before the optimal curtain placing time tu, and executing a curtain placing command when T5 is less than or equal to T3; when T5 is larger than T3, the curtain releasing time is delayed until T5 is less than or equal to T3, and then the curtain is released. Setting tu as 16:00, T4 as one hour, T3 as 25 ℃, namely, starting to acquire the real-time temperature T5 in the shed at 15:00, if T5 is 20 ℃, T5 is less than or equal to T3, indicating that the outside temperature is too low, executing a curtain-releasing instruction in advance, and carrying out heat preservation in the shed; if T5 is 28 ℃, namely T5 > T3, the outside temperature is higher, and the curtain is delayed in order to provide more light and temperature for crops in the greenhouse.
And (3) closing the upper air discharging opening for t5 time after the optimal rolling time tb, and then normally adjusting according to the step d, wherein tb is 9:00, t5 is 30 minutes, the concentration of CO2 in the greenhouse is still at a higher level when 9:00 is reached, after the 9:00 rolling curtain is lifted, the illumination is increased, the temperature in the greenhouse begins to rise, a large amount of CO2 is needed for photosynthesis of crops, the growth of the crops is promoted under high-concentration carbon dioxide, and after rolling, the crops are firstly subjected to photosynthesis for 30 minutes under the high-concentration carbon dioxide, and then the upper air discharging opening is opened, so that the growth and development of the crops are facilitated.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" in the present invention should be interpreted broadly, and may be connected or disconnected, for example; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood as specific conditions by those skilled in the art.
The above description is of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the description of the specific embodiment is only for better understanding of the idea of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents may be made in accordance with the principles of the invention and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control method is used for realizing intelligent opening of a curtain rolling machine, an upper air outlet film rolling device and a lower air outlet film rolling device of a sunlight greenhouse, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. setting the optimal rolling time tb and optimal curtain placing time tu of the rolling machine in a certain day according to the type, growth period and season of crops, and storing the information into a storage unit;
b. a reading storage unit for controlling the timing rolling and releasing of the rolling machine every day according to the optimal rolling time tb and the optimal releasing time tu;
c. setting a suitable temperature interval in the shed to be T1-T2 according to the type, the growth period and the season of crops, storing the temperature interval in a storage unit, calculating a temperature set value T3= (T1 + T2)/2 and a return difference T4= (T2-T1)/2, and collecting the real-time temperature T5 in the shed;
d. the film rolling device of the upper air outlet controls the opening size of the upper air outlet: setting the action interval time of the film rolling device at the upper air outlet at T1 every time, and when T5-T3 is less than 0 and T3-T5 is more than T4, reducing the opening of the upper air outlet by 10%; when T5-T3 is more than T4, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is increased by 10 percent; when T1 is more than T5 and less than T2, the opening degree of the upper air outlet is kept unchanged;
e. the film rolling device of the lower air outlet controls the seasonal normal open or normal close of the lower air outlet;
f. and monitoring rain and snow information in real time, automatically closing an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet after receiving the rain and snow information, exiting from an automatic mode, and alarming to notify a user.
2. The sunlight greenhouse environment control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: on the basis of the step b, setting the maximum allowable temperature drop delta in the shed and a secondary rolling motion interval t 2; collecting the greenhouse temperature T50 during rolling the curtain and the greenhouse temperature T51 after T3 time of the curtain, if T50-T51 is more than or equal to delta, immediately executing curtain release, informing a user that the curtain is rolled after T2 time because of low illumination difference of outdoor environment temperature, executing a curtain rolling instruction again after T2 time delay, and repeating the process; if T50-T51 < Δ, the roller shade is maintained.
3. The sunlight greenhouse environment control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: on the basis of the step b, acquiring the real-time temperature T5 in the greenhouse at the time T4 before the optimal curtain placing time tu, and executing a curtain placing command when T5 is less than or equal to T3; when T5 is larger than T3, the curtain releasing time is delayed until T5 is less than or equal to T3, and then the curtain is released.
4. The sunlight greenhouse environment control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper bleed port is closed t5 after the optimal shade rolling time tb and then adjusted normally according to step d.
5. An intelligent controller, which adopts the sunlight greenhouse environment control method of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising:
the environment information acquisition unit is used for acquiring environment parameters inside the sunlight greenhouse or outside the sunlight greenhouse;
the equipment control unit is used for controlling the curtain rolling machine, the upper air outlet film rolling device and the lower air outlet film rolling device;
and the environment adjusting and analyzing unit comprises a control host and a storage unit, wherein the control host controls the equipment control unit by reading the storage unit and according to the received environment parameters of the environment information acquisition unit, and then controls the roller shutter, the upper air outlet film rolling device and the lower air outlet film rolling device to act.
6. The intelligent regulator of claim 5, wherein: the system also comprises an equipment operation information acquisition unit and an image information acquisition unit, wherein the equipment operation information acquisition unit and the image information acquisition unit are in communication connection with the environment information acquisition unit.
7. The intelligent regulator of claim 6, wherein: the mobile phone environment monitoring system further comprises a mobile phone application unit capable of communicating with the environment adjusting and analyzing unit in real time.
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