CN113464165A - Reversible inverted arch formwork and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Reversible inverted arch formwork and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113464165A CN113464165A CN202110742211.2A CN202110742211A CN113464165A CN 113464165 A CN113464165 A CN 113464165A CN 202110742211 A CN202110742211 A CN 202110742211A CN 113464165 A CN113464165 A CN 113464165A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a turnover inverted arch template, which comprises two side templates arranged in parallel along two sides of a tunnel and a track arranged between the two side templates, wherein the track is provided with two inverted arch templates capable of being turned upwards in a sliding manner, each side template is provided with a first hinge part, each inverted arch template is provided with a second hinge part capable of being connected with the first hinge part, and the side templates are provided with turnover mechanisms capable of being connected with the inverted arch templates. Also discloses a construction method of the reversible inverted arch template, which comprises the following steps: forming inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel; forming a middle inverted arch molding area; pouring an inverted arch layer; performing surface treatment on the inverted arch layer; pouring a filling layer; and (6) surface treatment of the filling layer. The reversible inverted arch template and the construction method thereof have the advantages of facilitating surface treatment of the inverted arch layer, not influencing pouring and forming of filling layer concrete, improving construction convenience and construction efficiency and reducing occupation of a longitudinal working interval.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a reversible inverted arch template and a construction method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the tunnel construction technology in China is continuously developed, and new knowledge is provided for the requirements of inverted arch construction in order to effectively improve the stability and durability of an inverted arch structure. The template for inverted arch construction is optimized from a simple single small template to a trestle bridge driving an integral type low-side wall inverted arch template, and then further to a full inverted arch template of a full inverted arch section template. The tunnel invert layer is constructed with full width invert template, and the template cost increases to a certain extent, and invert construction space is also further compressed, and when pouring the construction, the invert layer can only pour and vibrate through the work window in the below of template, can't vibrate comprehensively. In actual construction application, air bubbles are easily formed on the surface of finally-formed inverted arch concrete, primary pulp plastering and timely secondary cleaning cannot be carried out on the surface of the inverted arch layer due to arrangement of a full-width inverted arch template, and certain safety risks are accompanied when the appearance of the inverted arch layer is influenced by the air bubbles.
In the adaptation has the filling construction, especially has the tunnel of center ditch filling construction, integral invert template can not avoid filling the construction with vertical work interval, and invert and filling construction are in the vertical work interval of difference, and the construction of being inconvenient for occupies two work intervals at least, has proposed higher requirement to the landing stage of invert top, and the work interval of increase is great to vertical construction space influence. And, when the inverted arch layer was pour, the concrete can be followed the eminence and flowed to low, and the inverted arch template is longitudinal movement usually, can't restrict the concrete flow below the inverted arch template, and during filling construction, need wholly promote the inverted arch template or demolish the inverted arch template, just can avoid filling the construction, and the construction is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the reversible inverted arch template and the construction method thereof, wherein the reversible inverted arch template is low in cost, convenient for inverted arch construction, capable of improving the tunnel construction efficiency and avoiding filling construction work intervals.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an inverted arch template that can overturn, includes two side form boards along tunnel both sides parallel arrangement and locates the track between two side form boards, it is equipped with two inverted arch templates that can upwards overturn to slide on the track, each all be equipped with first articulated portion on the side form board, each all be equipped with on the inverted arch template can with the second articulated portion that first articulated portion is connected, be equipped with on the side form board can with the tilting mechanism that the inverted arch template is connected.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the track is equipped with two, two the track is located the both ends of side form board, two the inverted arch template is all slided and is located two between the track.
The inverted arch templates are positioned below the rails, hanging parts are arranged at two ends of each inverted arch template, and each hanging part is slidably supported on the top surfaces of the two rails.
The hanging part is provided with a rolling part which is supported on the track.
The track is provided with a rack, and the rolling part is a gear meshed with the rack.
The tracks are higher than the fill layer.
The first hinge portion and the second hinge portion are provided with pin holes.
The turnover mechanism is a telescopic piece, one end of the telescopic piece is hinged to the side template, the other end of the telescopic piece is hinged to the inverted arch template, the turnover mechanisms on the side template are multiple, and the turnover mechanisms are arranged along the side template at intervals in the longitudinal direction.
The reversible inverted arch template also comprises a central ditch template.
The construction method of the reversible inverted arch formwork comprises the following steps:
s1: forming inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel: fixing two side templates on two sides of the tunnel respectively, and forming inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel below the side templates;
s2: forming a middle inverted arch forming area: installing the inverted arch templates on the track, and forming a middle inverted arch forming area below the two inverted arch templates;
s3: pouring an inverted arch layer: moving the two inverted arch templates to the middle part along the track, pouring concrete below the inverted arch templates and the side templates, and moving the inverted arch templates from the middle part of the track to two sides along with the pouring of the concrete to form an inverted arch layer;
s4: surface treatment of an inverted arch layer: hinging the inverted arch template with a turnover mechanism, hinging the first hinging part with the second hinging part, and shrinking the turnover mechanism to turn over the inverted arch template, so that the inverted arch template is separated from the poured middle inverted arch layer, and plastering the inverted arch layer to prepare for filling construction;
s5: pouring a filling layer: pouring concrete on the inverted arch layer to form a filling layer;
s6: surface treatment of the filling layer: and (5) performing operations such as filling layer plastering and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a reversible inverted arch template, which comprises two side templates and a track positioned between the two side templates, wherein the side templates are used for forming inverted arch layers on two sides of a tunnel, the two inverted arch templates can slide on the track, the sliding is convenient, during inverted arch construction, the two inverted arch templates slide from the middle part of the track to two sides along with the pouring of concrete on the inverted arch layers, the inverted arch templates can limit the concrete flow below the inverted arch templates, the concrete with the width of one inverted arch template is formed at one time, the implementation is easier, the cost is lower, the inverted arch layer in the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel is finally formed, the construction is more convenient, the inverted arch concrete can be vibrated and compacted in time, the vibration and the exhaust of the inverted arch concrete are convenient, the construction quality is improved, when each inverted arch template slides to the side template on the same side, the inverted arch template and the side template on the same side are hinged through a hinge part, so that the inverted arch template can be upwards turned relative to the side templates, and drive the upset of invert template through tilting mechanism, when pouring the packing concrete, need not demolish or promote the invert template, the invert template after the upset can avoid filling the construction work interval, makes things convenient for invert layer surface treatment, does not influence pouring and the shaping of filling layer concrete, has improved construction convenience and efficiency of construction, reduces the occupation of vertical work interval.
The invention discloses a construction method of a reversible inverted arch template, when inverted arch concrete is poured, two inverted arch templates slide from the middle part of a track to two sides, the inverted arch templates can limit the concrete flow below the inverted arch templates, one-time forming of concrete with the width of one inverted arch template is easier to implement and lower in cost, an inverted arch layer at the middle position of the bottom of a tunnel is finally formed, construction is more convenient, inverted arch concrete can be vibrated and compacted in time, vibration and exhaust of the inverted arch concrete are facilitated, construction quality is improved, when each inverted arch template slides to the side templates at the same side, the inverted arch templates at the same side are hinged with the side templates through a hinge part, so that the inverted arch templates can be upwards turned relative to the side templates, the inverted arch templates are driven to turn over, when the concrete is poured and filled, the inverted arch templates do not need to be dismantled or lifted, and the turned inverted arch templates can avoid filling construction work intervals, the surface treatment of the inverted arch layer is facilitated, the pouring and forming of the concrete of the filling layer 7 are not influenced, the construction convenience and the construction efficiency are improved, and the occupation of a longitudinal working interval is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the inverted arch form of the present invention in inverted arch construction.
Fig. 2 is a rear view of the inverted arch form of the present invention in inverted arch construction.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the inverted arch form of the present invention in inverted arch construction.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the reversible inverted arch form of the present invention after completion of inverted arch construction.
Fig. 5 is a rear view of the reversible inverted arch form of the present invention after inverted arch construction is completed.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the reversible inverted arch form of the present invention after completion of inverted arch construction.
Fig. 7 is a front view of the reversible inverted arch form of the present invention after completion of filling work.
Fig. 8 is a rear view of the reversible inverted arch form of the present invention after completion of filling work.
Fig. 9 is a side view of the reversible inverted arch form of the present invention after completion of filling work.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 7.
The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. a sideform; 11. a first hinge portion; 111. a pin-connecting hole; 2. a track; 3. an inverted arch template; 31. a second hinge portion; 32. a hanging part; 33. a rolling member; 4. a turnover mechanism; 5. a central trench template; 6. an inverted arch layer; 7. a filling layer; 8. and (4) tunneling.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.
Fig. 1 to 11 show an embodiment of a reversible inverted arch form of the invention, which includes two side forms 1 arranged in parallel along two sides of a tunnel 8 and a rail 2 arranged between the two side forms 1, wherein two inverted arch forms 3 capable of being turned upwards are slidably arranged on the rail 2, each side form 1 is provided with a first hinge portion 11, each inverted arch form 3 is provided with a second hinge portion 31 capable of being connected with the first hinge portion 11, and each side form 1 is provided with a turnover mechanism 4 capable of being connected with the inverted arch form 3. The transverse direction of the tunnel 8 is the width direction of the tunnel 8, and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 8 is the length direction of the tunnel 8.
The reversible inverted arch formwork comprises two side formworks 1 and a track 2 positioned between the two side formworks 1, wherein the side formworks 1 are used for forming inverted arch layers 6 on two sides of a tunnel 8, the two inverted arch formworks 3 can slide on the track 2, the sliding is convenient, when inverted arch construction is carried out, along with the pouring of concrete of the inverted arch layers 6, the two inverted arch formworks 3 slide from the middle part of the track 2 to two sides, the inverted arch formworks 3 can limit the concrete flowing below the inverted arch formworks 3, the concrete with the width of one inverted arch formwork 3 is formed at one time, the implementation is easier, the cost is lower, the inverted arch layer 6 in the middle position of the bottom of the tunnel 8 is finally formed, the construction is more convenient, the inverted arch concrete can be vibrated and compacted in time, the inverted arch concrete is convenient to vibrate and exhaust, the construction quality is improved, when each inverted arch formwork 3 slides to the side formworks 1 on the same side, the inverted arch formworks 3 and the side formworks 1 on the same side are hinged through hinge parts, make inverted arch template 3 can be relative 1 upsets of side form to drive 3 upsets of inverted arch template through tilting mechanism 4, when pouring the packing concrete, need not demolish or promote inverted arch template 3, inverted arch template 3 after the upset can avoid filling the construction work interval, makes things convenient for 6 surface treatment on inverted arch layer, does not influence pouring and the shaping of 7 concrete on filling layer, has improved construction convenience and efficiency of construction, reduces vertical work interval's occupation.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, two tracks 2 are provided, the two tracks 2 are provided at two ends of the side formwork 1, and the two inverted arch formworks 3 are both slidably provided between the two tracks 2. The inverted arch formwork 3 slides between the two rails 2, the inverted arch formwork 3 does not interfere with the rails 2 when turning upwards, and construction is convenient.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 11, the inverted arch forms 3 are located below the rails 2, and the hanging portions 32 are provided at both ends of each inverted arch form 3, and each hanging portion 32 is slidably supported on the top surfaces of the two rails 2. The inverted arch template 3 is hung between the two rails 2 through the hanging part 32, so that when the inverted arch template 3 is turned upwards, the inverted arch template 3 is conveniently separated from the rails 2, and the structure is simple.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the hanging portion 32 is provided with a rolling member 33, and the rolling member 33 is supported on the rail 2. The hanging part 32 is supported on the top surface of the rail 2 through a rolling member 33, so that friction is reduced, and the inverted arch formwork 3 can move towards two sides conveniently.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the track 2 is provided with a rack, and the rolling member 33 is a gear engaged with the rack. The rack is arranged along the length direction of the track 2, the gear is arranged on the hanging part 32, and rolls on the rack through the gear, so that the transverse movement of the inverted arch template 3 is realized, the friction is further reduced, the inverted arch template 3 is more stable to move, a driving mechanism can be arranged on the gear, the transverse movement of the inverted arch template 3 is driven, and the labor force is saved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 6, and 9, one rail 2 is located in front of the construction area of the inverted arch layer 6 to be poured, and is higher than the plane of the inverted arch layer 6, and the other rail 2 is located above the plane of the filling layer 7, and does not occupy the filling construction position, and after the inverted arch middle formwork 3 is turned upwards by the turning mechanism 4, the rail 2 does not affect the plastering of the inverted arch layer 6, which facilitates construction. In other embodiments, the two rails 2 are both located above the plane of the filling layer 7, so that when the concrete of the filling layer 7 is poured, the rails 2 do not occupy the filling construction position, and the construction of the filling layer 7 is not affected.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the first hinge portion 11 and the second hinge portion 31 are each provided with a pin hole 111. When each inverted arch formwork 3 slides to the side formwork 1 on the same side, the inverted arch formwork 3 is hinged to the side formwork 1 on the same side by a pin passing through the pin connecting hole 111 of the first hinge part 11 and the second hinge part 31, so that the inverted arch formwork 3 can be turned upwards relative to the side formwork 1, and meanwhile, the first hinge part 11 and the second hinge part 31 can be detachably connected, and the connection is reliable.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the turnover mechanism 4 is an expansion piece, one end of the expansion piece is hinged to the side formwork 1, and the other end of the expansion piece is hinged to the inverted arch formwork 3. When each inverted arch template 3 slides to the side template 1 of homonymy, the extensible member on the side template 1 of homonymy is articulated with inverted arch template 3, the installation and the arrangement of extensible member of being convenient for, through the flexible 3 upset of the flexible drive inverted arch template of extensible member, simple structure, stability is good, the extensible member can be telescopic cylinder or telescopic cylinder etc. for example. As shown in fig. 3, 6 and 9, the plurality of turnover mechanisms 4 of the sideform 1 are provided, and the turnover mechanisms 4 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the sideform 1. A plurality of tilting mechanism 4 on each side form 1 make inverted arch template 3 overturn more stably upwards, and the function is reliable, avoids single 4 inefficacy of tilting mechanism to cause the unable upset of inverted arch template 3.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the reversible inverted arch form further includes a center trench form 5. The central ditch is reserved by the central ditch template 5 and is used for draining water in the tunnel 8.
In this embodiment, track 2 is the arc, and inverted arch template 3 slides between two curved track 2, and shaping inverted arch layer 6 that can be better satisfies the requirement of 6 cambered surfaces on inverted arch layer.
The construction method of the reversible inverted arch template comprises the following steps:
s1: forming inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel 8: two side templates 1 are respectively fixed on two sides of a tunnel 8, and inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel 8 are formed below the side templates 1;
s2: forming a middle inverted arch forming area: installing an inverted arch template 3 between two tracks 2, forming a middle inverted arch forming area below the two inverted arch templates 3, and enabling a central ditch template 5 to be positioned outside the inverted arch forming area to prepare for the construction of a filling layer 7;
s3: and (6) pouring an inverted arch layer: moving the two inverted arch templates 3 to the middle part along the two tracks 2, pouring concrete below the inverted arch templates 3 and the side templates 1, and moving the inverted arch templates 3 from the middle parts of the two tracks 2 to two sides along with the pouring of the concrete to form inverted arch layers 6;
s4: surface treatment of the inverted arch layer 6: hinging an inverted arch template 3 with a turnover mechanism 4, hinging a first hinging part 11 with a second hinging part 31, and shrinking the turnover mechanism 4 to turn over the inverted arch template 3, so that the inverted arch template 3 is separated from a poured middle inverted arch layer 6, and plastering the inverted arch layer 6 to prepare for filling construction;
s5: and (3) pouring a filling layer 7: moving the central ditch template 5 to be above the inverted arch layer 6, and pouring concrete on the inverted arch layer 6 to form a filling layer 7;
s6: surface treatment of the filling layer 7: the filling layer 7 is then wiped.
The construction method of the reversible inverted arch template comprises the steps that during inverted arch construction, two inverted arch templates 3 slide from the middle part of a track 2 to two sides, the inverted arch templates 3 can limit concrete flowing below the inverted arch templates 3, one inverted arch template 3 width concrete is formed at one time, implementation is easier, cost is lower, an inverted arch layer 6 in the middle position of the bottom of a tunnel 8 is finally formed, construction is more convenient, inverted arch concrete can be vibrated and compacted in time, vibration and exhaust of the inverted arch concrete are facilitated, construction quality is improved, when each inverted arch template 3 slides to a side template 1 on the same side, the inverted arch templates 3 on the same side are hinged with the side templates 1 through hinge parts, the inverted arch templates 3 can be turned upwards relative to the side templates 1, the inverted arch templates 3 are driven to turn over through the turning mechanisms 4, when concrete is poured and filled, the inverted arch templates 3 do not need to be dismantled or lifted, and the turned inverted arch templates 3 can avoid filling construction work intervals, make things convenient for inverted arch 6 surface treatment, do not influence pouring and the shaping of 7 concretes in filling layer, improved construction convenience and efficiency of construction, reduce vertical work interval's occupation.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A reversible inverted arch template is characterized in that: include two side form board (1) along tunnel (8) both sides parallel arrangement and locate track (2) between two side form boards (1), it is equipped with two inverted arch template (3) that can upwards overturn to slide on track (2), each all be equipped with first articulated portion (11) on side form board (1), each all be equipped with on inverted arch template (3) can with second articulated portion (31) that first articulated portion (11) are connected, be equipped with on side form board (1) can with tilting mechanism (4) that inverted arch template (3) are connected.
2. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 1, wherein: the two rails (2) are arranged at two ends of the side template (1), and the two inverted arch templates (3) are arranged between the two rails (2) in a sliding mode.
3. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 2, wherein: the inverted arch templates (3) are positioned below the rails (2), hanging parts (32) are arranged at two ends of each inverted arch template (3), and each hanging part (32) is slidably supported on the top surfaces of the two rails (2).
4. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 3, wherein: the hanging part (32) is provided with a rolling part (33), and the rolling part (33) is supported on the track (2).
5. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 4, wherein: the track (2) is provided with a rack, and the rolling part (33) is a gear meshed with the rack.
6. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 5, wherein: one of the rails (2) is higher than the inverted arch layer (6), and the other rail (2) is higher than the filling layer (7).
7. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 1, wherein: the first hinge part (11) and the second hinge part (31) are provided with pin holes (111).
8. The reversible inverted arch form of claim 1, wherein: turnover mechanism (4) are the extensible member, extensible member one end with side form (1) are articulated, the other end with inverted arch template (3) are articulated, turnover mechanism (4) on side form (1) are equipped with a plurality ofly, each turnover mechanism (4) are followed side form (1) longitudinal separation arranges.
9. The reversible inverted arch form of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the reversible inverted arch template also comprises a central ditch template (5).
10. The construction method of the invertible inverted arch formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: forming inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel (8): two side templates (1) are respectively fixed on two sides of a tunnel (8), and inverted arch forming areas on two sides of the tunnel (8) are formed below the side templates (1);
s2: forming a middle inverted arch forming area: arranging the inverted arch templates (3) on the track (2), and forming a middle inverted arch forming area below the two inverted arch templates (3);
s3: and (3) pouring an inverted arch layer (6): moving the two inverted arch templates (3) to the middle part along the track (2), pouring concrete below the inverted arch templates (3) and the side templates (1), and moving the inverted arch templates (3) from the middle part of the track (2) to two sides along with the pouring of the concrete to form an inverted arch layer (6);
s4: surface treatment of the inverted arch layer (6): connecting an inverted arch template (3) with a turnover mechanism (4), hinging a first hinging part (11) with a second hinging part (31), and contracting the turnover mechanism (4) to turn over the inverted arch template (3) so as to separate the inverted arch template (3) from a poured middle inverted arch layer (6) and wipe the surface of the inverted arch layer (6) to prepare for filling construction;
s5: pouring a filling layer (7): pouring concrete on the inverted arch layer (6) to form a filling layer (7);
s6: surface treatment of the filling layer (7): and (4) finishing the filling layer (7) and the like.
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