CN113464139B - Coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development from source - Google Patents
Coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development from source Download PDFInfo
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- CN113464139B CN113464139B CN202110937672.5A CN202110937672A CN113464139B CN 113464139 B CN113464139 B CN 113464139B CN 202110937672 A CN202110937672 A CN 202110937672A CN 113464139 B CN113464139 B CN 113464139B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development at the source, which comprises the following steps: step 1, determining the overall layout form of an upper coal seam working face and a lower coal seam working face of a region to be mined; step 2, determining coal mining methods, coal mining processes, roadway arrangement, goaf processing methods, working surface trend lengths and mining heights adopted by the working surfaces of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam; step 3, determining the width of the interval coal pillar; step 4, constructing a numerical simulation calculation model which substantially reflects the production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face, monitoring and acquiring earth surface subsidence data in the coal seam exploitation process, and drawing an earth surface subsidence curve; and 5, determining the mining sequence of the working face of the upper coal bed and the working face of the lower coal bed according to the working face layout mode to form a coal mining system, a tunneling system, a conveying system, a ventilation system and a drainage system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mining damage and ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development at a source.
Background
Mining ground cracks are typical mine geological disasters induced by coal seam mining, and are specific manifestations of the comprehensive effects of underground coal seam mining disturbance and surface movement deformation. Disaster such as landslide and dangerous rock collapse induced by mining ground cracks has become a technological front of the discipline of disaster prevention and reduction and ecological environment protection of mining engineering and an outstanding problem to be solved urgently.
At present, the treatment measures about mining cracks are mainly divided into three types: firstly, a surface backfilling method. For example, a water and soil conservation method (CN 105453977A) for promoting the recovery of vegetation in mining surface crack zones in mining areas is provided, which comprises the steps of filling cracks, measuring vegetation degradation areas on two sides of the cracks, determining the number of vegetation planting and forming vegetation greenbelts; the repairing method (CN 107461196B) for the step-shaped collapse of the coal mine comprises the steps of flaring, backfilling and grouting the root cracks of the step-shaped collapse, so as to realize gradient correction and stowing treatment for the step-shaped collapse. And secondly, a filling method. A high water material ground crack filling system and a filling treatment method (CN 103321228B) are provided, the filling system is used for injecting high water material into cracks, soil is covered for compaction, and vegetation greening is carried out. The system and the method (CN 109184784A) for synchronously filling the coal gangue on the basis of reducing the collapse degree of coal mining realize the method for synchronously filling the coal gangue into a goaf by utilizing a self-moving fully-mechanized hydraulic support while coal mining. Thirdly, leveling method. The mountain coal mine ground deformation emergency treatment method (CN 111946391A) divides a slope deformation area into an upper traction area, a middle sinking area and a lower pushing area according to the movement form of the mountain slope deformation. The blocking groove is dug in the transition zone of the upper traction zone and the middle sinking zone, so that the blocking of the collapsed soil body in the upper traction zone is realized, and the transmission and deformation directions of the soil body force are cut off, thereby winning time for emergency treatment. A method for leveling the collapse of crack on earth (CN 110984119A) includes such steps as dividing the crack into a flat crack and a staggered crack, digging surface soil layer on both sides of the flat crack or on lower side of staggered crack, filling impervious material to form impervious layer, and filling back the original soil to form back-coating layer.
The method for treating or weakening the mining ground cracks is developed basically around filling, grouting, leveling and other methods, and is essentially a post-remediation measure after the mining ground cracks develop, so that the problem cannot be fundamentally solved. The conventional method has the following disadvantages and shortcomings:
(1) The mining ground crack treatment method is a post-remediation measure, and is essentially based on the development of the mining ground crack, the scale and the scale of the mining ground crack development cannot be weakened by manually modifying the mining ground crack;
(2) The filling, grouting and earthing all need more man and property, the process is many, the cycle is long, can cause the secondary manual disturbance to the mining ground crack surrounding environment. In addition, the application of the methods has a certain limitation, and is difficult to be applied to areas such as mountain areas, hills and the like with large surface relief changes, inconvenient traffic, difficult pedestrians in engineering implementation places and the like.
The essence of the development of the mining ground cracks is that the movement deformation of the ground surface caused by coal mining exceeds the strength of the surface soil layer, so that the surface soil layer is damaged. Therefore, in order to reduce the development of mining ground cracks, it is necessary to control the movement deformation of the ground surface caused by coal mining. The essential factors of the surface movement deformation are a downhole working face layout method and a coal mining process. Therefore, the search for weakening the development of mining ground cracks from the sources of underground working face layout methods and coal mining processes is an important subject to be solved urgently. It can be seen that a new method for weakening mining ground crack development from the source is needed to be provided, and the method has great significance for green mine construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development at source comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the overall layout form of an upper coal seam working face and a lower coal seam working face of a region to be mined according to the development condition of the coal seam, geological structure, hydrogeology, gas and coal dust production geological conditions and combining a mining engineering plan and an underground comparison graph;
step 2, determining coal mining methods, coal mining processes, roadway arrangement, goaf processing methods, working face trend lengths and mining heights adopted by the working faces of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam by combining with mine mining design specifications;
step 3, determining the width of the interval coal pillar;
step 4, according to the overall layout mode of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face, adopting numerical simulation and theoretical calculation means, combining production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face and rock stratum physical mechanical parameters, constructing a numerical simulation calculation model which substantially reflects the production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face, monitoring and acquiring earth surface subsidence data in the coal seam mining process, and drawing an earth surface subsidence curve;
and 5, determining the mining sequence of the working face of the upper coal bed and the working face of the lower coal bed according to the working face layout mode to form a coal mining system, a tunneling system, a conveying system, a ventilation system and a drainage system.
Further preferably, in the step 1, it includes two overall layout forms: the coal pillar interval is staggered outwards and the coal pillar interval is staggered inwards; the coal pillar interval outer staggered type and the coal pillar interval inner staggered type are in reverse layout.
Further, preferably, in the coal pillar interval staggered outside,
the inclined length of the working face of the upper coal bed is smaller than that of the working face of the lower coal bed;
the upper coal seam is divided into a section by arranging a working surface; the lower coal seam arrangement working surface is divided into two sections, and a first section of the lower coal seam working surface and a second section of the lower coal seam working surface are correspondingly arranged respectively;
a coal pillar spaced by the lower coal seam is reserved between the first section of the lower coal seam working surface and the second section of the lower coal seam working surface;
and the two ends of the first section of the lower coal seam working surface and the second section of the lower coal seam working surface are staggered outside the upper coal seam working surface.
Further, preferably, in the coal pillar interval staggered manner,
the inclined length of the working face of the upper coal bed is longer than that of the working face of the lower coal bed;
the upper coal seam arrangement working surface is divided into two sections, and a first section of the upper coal seam working surface and a second section of the upper coal seam working surface are correspondingly arranged respectively; the lower coal seam is divided into a section by arranging a working surface;
a coal pillar with a coal seam spacing is reserved between the first section of the coal seam working surface and the second section of the coal seam working surface;
and the two ends of the working face of the lower coal bed are staggered from the working face of the upper coal bed.
Further, preferably, in the step 3,
according to the working face layout mode, taking geological conditions of coal bed occurrence production and physical and mechanical parameters of rock stratum as basic data, establishing a numerical calculation model, researching and analyzing stress distribution when coal pillars are in different intervals;
according to the stress distribution characteristics, reasonable values of the widths of the interval coal pillars are determined according to the principles of saving resources, being safe and efficient and beneficial to long-term smoothness of the roadway.
Further, preferably, the method further comprises:
and determining the width of the coal pillar by adopting a coal pillar width calculation expression and determining the final value of the width of the interval coal pillar by combining a numerical simulation result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with the traditional layout mode of the working surface, the surface subsidence coefficient is reduced from 0.95-1 to 0.6-0.7 by reasonably arranging the upper coal seam working surface, the lower coal seam working surface and determining the widths of the interval coal pillars, the surface subsidence degree is obviously weakened, the surface subsidence curve is more gentle, and the surface subsidence amount is obviously reduced. The coal pillar interval staggered layout method of the working face obviously reduces the damage degree of the ground surface, and reduces the scale and scale of the ground crack development.
(2) Unlike traditional method, the method for arranging coal pillars on the working face in staggered mode is a fundamental measure, no additional personal property is needed, the land crack treatment cost is obviously reduced by making the layout scheme and the exploitation design scheme of the working face, and the method has good social benefit and environmental benefit and important practical significance for the current green mine construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for staggered layout of coal pillar spacing on a working surface;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for externally staggered spacing of coal pillars on a working surface;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a staggered arrangement of working face coal pillars of a certain mine, no. 8 coal seam and No. 9 coal seam;
FIG. 4 is a graph of vertical stress distribution of a certain mine No. 9 coal seam with different spacing coal pillar widths;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coal pillar load distribution;
FIG. 6 is a numerical simulation calculation model of the working face coal pillar spacing of the coal seam No. 8 and the coal seam No. 9 of a certain mine;
FIG. 7 is a plot of vertical displacement of the earth's surface after mining of the working surfaces of coal seam No. 8 and coal seam No. 9 of a mine;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the horizontal displacement of the ground surface after mining of the working surfaces of coal seam No. 8 and coal seam No. 9 of a certain mine;
in the figure: 1-a first section of an upper coal seam working surface; 2-a second section of the upper coal seam working surface; 3-coal bed interval coal pillars; 4-laying a coal seam working surface; 5-feeding the coal seam working face; 6-a first section of the working surface of the lower coal bed; 7, a second section of the working surface of the lower coal bed; 8-coal bed interval coal pillar.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, a coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development at a source comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the overall layout form of an upper coal seam working face 5 and a lower coal seam working face 4 of a region to be mined according to the development condition of the coal seam, geological structure, hydrogeology, gas and coal dust production geological conditions and combining a mining engineering plan and an uphole and downhole comparison map;
step 2, determining a coal mining method, a coal mining process, roadway arrangement, a goaf treatment method, a working face trend length, a mining height and the like adopted by the upper coal seam working face 5 and the lower coal seam working face 4 by combining with a mine mining design specification;
step 3, determining the width of the interval coal pillar;
step 4, according to the overall layout mode of the upper coal seam working face 5 and the lower coal seam working face 4, adopting numerical simulation and theoretical calculation means, combining production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face and physical mechanical parameters of rock stratum, constructing a numerical simulation calculation model which substantially reflects the production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face 5 and the lower coal seam working face 4, monitoring and acquiring earth surface subsidence data in the coal seam exploitation process, and drawing an earth surface subsidence curve;
and 5, determining the mining sequence of the upper coal seam working face 5 and the lower coal seam working face 4 according to the working face layout mode, and forming a coal mining system, a tunneling system, a conveying system, a ventilation system, a drainage system and the like.
In this embodiment, in the step 1, two overall layout forms are included: the coal pillar interval is staggered outwards and the coal pillar interval is staggered inwards; the coal pillar interval outer staggered type and the coal pillar interval inner staggered type are in reverse layout.
Referring to fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment, in the coal pillar spacing staggered manner,
the inclined length of the upper coal seam working surface 5 is smaller than that of the lower coal seam working surface 4;
the upper coal seam is divided into a section by arranging a working surface; the lower coal seam arrangement working surface is divided into two sections, and a first section 6 of the lower coal seam working surface and a second section 7 of the lower coal seam working surface are respectively and correspondingly arranged;
a coal pillar 8 with a lower coal seam interval is reserved between the first section 6 of the lower coal seam working surface and the second section 7 of the lower coal seam working surface;
and, the two ends of the first section 6 of the working surface of the lower coal bed and the second section 7 of the working surface of the lower coal bed are staggered outside the working surface 5 of the upper coal bed.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, in the coal pillar interval staggered manner,
the inclined length of the upper coal seam working surface 5 is longer than that of the lower coal seam working surface 4;
the upper coal seam arrangement working surface is divided into two sections, and a first section 1 of the upper coal seam working surface and a second section 2 of the upper coal seam working surface are correspondingly arranged respectively; the lower coal seam is divided into a section by arranging a working surface;
an upper coal seam spacing coal pillar 3 is reserved between the first section 1 of the upper coal seam working surface and the second section 2 of the upper coal seam working surface;
and, the two ends of the lower coal seam working surface 4 are staggered with the upper coal seam working surface 5.
In this embodiment, in the step 3,
according to the working face layout mode, taking geological conditions of coal bed occurrence production and physical and mechanical parameters of rock stratum as basic data, establishing a numerical calculation model, researching and analyzing stress distribution when coal pillars are in different intervals;
according to the stress distribution characteristics, reasonable values of the widths of the interval coal pillars are determined according to the principles of saving resources, being safe and efficient and beneficial to long-term smoothness of the roadway.
In this embodiment, the method further includes:
and the coal pillar width is determined by adopting a coal pillar width calculation expression and theoretical calculation, and the final value of the interval coal pillar width is determined by combining a numerical simulation result, so that the limitation of a single research means is overcome, and the accuracy and the reliability of the result are improved.
Specific examples: and mining No. 8 and No. 9 coal beds of a certain mine, wherein the thicknesses of the coal beds are 2.2m and 2.0m respectively, the inclination angle of the coal beds is 3 degrees, and the coal beds are nearly horizontal coal beds. The interlayer spacing was 18m. The No. 9 coal bed bottom plate is silty claystone, clayey siltstone and fine sandstone, and the top plate is gray claystone, clayey siltstone, limestone, siltstone claystone and medium fine sandstone; the No. 8 coal bed bottom plate is carbonaceous claystone, and the top plate is limestone and fine sandstone.
Step 1): determining the overall layout form of a working surface
Well Tian Weida is located in the Weathering anticline western part of the mine, well Tian Sizhou is defined by four main faults of F1, F2, F3 and F5, the faults in the well field are rare, and the main structure is a fold with larger span and extremely wider, the overall structure is a stable monoclinic structure, and the structural complexity is of a simple type. The gas content of the No. 8 coal bed is 9.45m 3 T; the content of the No. 9 coal bed is 9.23m 3 And (t) managing the protruding mine according to coal and gas. The identification results of the No. 8 coal bed and the No. 9 coal bed are three types of spontaneous combustion tendencies, and belong to coal beds which are difficult to spontaneous combustion. The karst fracture aquifer of the Changxing group and the lamellar fracture aquifer of the Longtan group in the well field are mine direct water filling aquifers. The well Tian Shuiwen geological exploration type is medium. The explosiveness of the coal dust of the 14 pieces of coal dust explosion test sample was tested, and the coal dust had no explosion hazard.
According to the production geological conditions, the working face mining sequence adopts downward mining, the No. 8 coal bed has the danger of coal and gas outburst, a coal pillar is not required to be reserved, and the subsequent influence on No. 9 coal bed mining is avoided due to the high concentration of stress caused by the coal pillar. Therefore, the No. 8 coal bed working surface is one section, the No. 9 coal bed working surface is divided into two sections, and the overall layout form of the working surface is determined to be the coal pillar interval staggered type of the working surface.
Step 2): determining face mining parameters
(1) The coal mining method comprises the following steps: the coal mining methods of the working surfaces of the No. 8 coal seam and the No. 9 coal seam are the trend longwall back-off coal mining methods.
(2) The goaf treatment method comprises the following steps: and managing the goaf top plate by using a full caving method.
(3) The coal mining process comprises the following steps: the coal mining process is fully mechanized mining, and the mining heights of the No. 8 coal seam and the No. 9 coal seam are 1.8m.
(4) Working face inclined length: according to the mine coal seam and mining technical conditions, the inclined length of the No. 8 coal seam working face is determined to be 170m, and the inclined length of the No. 9 coal seam working face is determined to be 120m by referring to domestic and foreign similar condition data.
(5) Roadway arrangement: the air return mountain of the mining area is arranged along the No. 8 coal bed, and the mountain of the belt conveyor and the mountain of the track are arranged on the No. 9 coal bed bottom plate. The working face roadway is arranged in a coal seam, and a centralized roadway is not arranged. The working face roadway is arranged in a single roadway, and a U-shaped ventilation mode is adopted, so that roadway ventilation is carried out one by one. And (3) constructing a roadway hanging center line so as to ensure the equal length of working surfaces.
(6) Roadway communication mode: the connection mode between the mountain of the track and the roadway of the working surface adopts a mode of connecting a flighting yard with a section of a stone gate or a flighting yard with a section of a inclined roadway. The mountain climbing of the rubber belt conveyor and the roadway of the working face adopt a coal chute connection mode. The return air mountain is communicated with the working face roadway in a inclined roadway mode.
(7) Roadway support mode: the section of the working face roadway is rectangular, the combined supporting mode of anchor net spraying and steel belt is adopted, and the net section of the return air roadway is 10.2m 2 The net section of the transport lane is 11.6m 2 . And the air return roadway of the first section and the conveying roadway of the second section of the No. 9 coal seam working face are constructed along the boundary tunneling in the direction of the trend of the reserved coal pillar.
Step 3): determining the width of the coal pillar interval between the first section and the second section of the No. 9 coal seam working surface
Referring to fig. 4, according to the layout modes of the working surfaces of the coal seam No. 8 and the coal seam No. 9, a UDEC numerical simulation calculation model is established, and vertical stress distributions of the coal pillar widths at intervals of 8m, 11m, 15m, 17.8m, 26m and 40m are analyzed respectively, as shown in fig. 4. It was found that the vertical stress significantly decreased when the width of the spacer coal pillar was 26 to 40m. The reasonable value range of the width of the interval coal pillar is 26-40 m.
In order to make up for the limitation of single research means, the accuracy and reliability of the result are improved. And adopting a coal pillar width calculation expression, obtaining a coal pillar width value through theoretical calculation, and determining the final value of the interval coal pillar width by combining a reasonable range of numerical simulation.
Referring to fig. 5, from the edge of the coal pillar to the deep portion, a fracture zone i, a plastic zone ii and an elastic zone iii (fig. 5) may generally appear, and the basic idea of the elastic core theory is that after the upper working face is mined for a period of time, the mechanical state of protecting the coal pillar between the goaf and the lower working face section roadway should be an elastic core zone and two side plastic deformation zones, and the width of the elastic core zone should be equal to or greater than twice the mining height of the coal seam.
I.e.
B≥2x 0 +(1～2)m (2-1)
Wherein:
b, theoretical width of coal pillar;
x 0 -width of plastic zone of coal pillar edge;
m-pillar height;
width x of plastic zone at edge of coal pillar 0 Namely the distance between the supporting pressure and the edge of the coal body, the limit balance theory is applied to obtain:
wherein:
m-coal seam thickness;
f, friction coefficient of the coal bed and the top and bottom plates;
h, burying the coal seam;
gamma-coal seam overburden average volume weight;
c, cohesion of the coal seam;
-internal friction angle of the coal seam;
p i -the resistance of the support to the coal side;
k-stress concentration factor;
triaxial stress coefficient of the zeta-coal bed is equal to
According to the existing production geological data, the thickness of the No. 9 coal bed is 2.0m, the friction coefficient f=0.2 between the coal bed and the top and bottom plates, the average burial depth of the coal bed is 220m, and the average volume weight of the overlying strata of the coal bed is 25KN/m 3 In-vivo polymerization force C=1.2 MPa and in-vivo friction angleResistance p of support to coal side i The value of 0 is the stress concentration coefficient k=2.5, and the value of the triaxial stress coefficient xi of the coal seam is 2.11.
According to the calculation formulas (2-1) and (2-2), the width x of the plastic region of the coal body with one side being empty is obtained 0 The critical width of the formed stable coal pillar is 18.1m and 38.2-40.2 m. And combining the numerical simulation results, wherein the width of the interval coal pillar is 40m.
Step 4): predicting the subsidence degree of the ground surface after mining the working surface of the No. 8 coal bed and the No. 9 coal bed
Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, according to the coal pillar interval staggered layout mode of the working face of the coal seam No. 8 and the coal seam No. 9, a UDEC numerical calculation model is established, and monitoring lines for acquiring surface subsidence data are arranged on the surface of the model.
Step 5): making production system design scheme
The mining sequence of the No. 8 coal bed and the No. 9 coal bed working face is determined to be downlink mining, and the mining sequence is that the No. 8 coal bed working face, the No. 9 coal bed working face first section and the No. 9 coal bed working face second section.
(1) Raw coal transportation system: raw coal produced on the stoping working face of the No. 8 coal bed and the No. 9 coal bed is lifted to a shaft bottom coal bin through a working face conveying lane, a section coal chute and a rubber belt conveyor and then conveyed to the ground through an inclined shaft rubber belt conveyor.
(2) Auxiliary transportation system: materials and equipment required by working surfaces of the No. 8 coal bed and the No. 9 coal bed enter a mining area track stone gate from a secondary inclined shaft and a main roadway and are conveyed in through a track mountain, a middle car park, a connecting inclined roadway and a working surface return air roadway; the coal tunneled by the No. 8 coal seam and the No. 9 coal seam working face is gathered into a main coal system through a tunneled rubber belt conveyor. Other tunneling coal (gangue) is transported to the ground by an auxiliary transport system (the reverse direction of material transport) through a main roadway and a secondary inclined shaft.
(3) Ventilation system: : fresh air flow required by working faces of the No. 8 coal bed and the No. 9 coal bed enters the auxiliary inclined shaft and the main inclined shaft from the ground, and enters the working faces through a main roadway, a track downhill, a middle roadway, a connecting inclined roadway and a transportation roadway. The ventilation air of the working face is discharged to the ground through an air return roadway, an air return connecting roadway, an air return mountain, an air return main roadway and an air return inclined well. (4) Drainage system: the No. 8 coal bed, the No. 9 coal bed working face transportation roadway, the return air roadway and the tunneling head are all provided with sewage pumps. The water gushing from the stoping or tunneling working face is discharged to the track mountain through a self-flowing or sewage pump, and then flows to a well bottom water bin through a track main roadway. Finally, the water is discharged to the ground through a mine main drainage pump.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A coal pillar interval staggered working face layout method for weakening mining ground crack development at source is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the overall layout form of an upper coal seam working surface (5) and a lower coal seam working surface (4) of a region to be mined according to the development condition of the coal seam, geological structure, hydrogeology, gas and coal dust production geological conditions, and combining a mining engineering plan and an underground comparison map;
step 2, determining a coal mining method, a coal mining process, roadway arrangement, a goaf processing method, a working face trend length and a mining height adopted by an upper coal seam working face (5) and a lower coal seam working face (4) by combining with a mine mining design instruction;
step 3, determining the width of the interval coal pillar;
step 4, according to the overall layout mode of the upper coal seam working face (5) and the lower coal seam working face (4), adopting numerical simulation and theoretical calculation means, combining production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face and physical mechanical parameters of rock stratum, constructing a numerical simulation calculation model which substantially reflects the production geological conditions of the upper coal seam working face (5) and the lower coal seam working face (4), monitoring and acquiring earth surface subsidence data in the coal seam exploitation process, and drawing an earth surface subsidence curve;
step 5, determining the mining sequence of the upper coal seam working face (5) and the lower coal seam working face (4) according to the working face layout mode to form a coal mining system, a tunneling system, a conveying system, a ventilation system and a drainage system;
in the step 1, two overall layout forms are included: the coal pillar interval is staggered outwards and the coal pillar interval is staggered inwards; the coal pillar interval outside staggered type and the coal pillar interval inside staggered type are in reverse layout;
in the coal pillar interval staggered outside,
the inclined length of the upper coal seam working surface (5) is smaller than that of the lower coal seam working surface (4);
the upper coal seam is divided into a section by arranging a working surface; the lower coal seam arrangement working surface is divided into two sections, and a first section (6) of the lower coal seam working surface and a second section (7) of the lower coal seam working surface are respectively and correspondingly arranged;
a coal pillar (8) with a coal seam interval is reserved between the first section (6) of the coal seam working surface and the second section (7) of the coal seam working surface;
and two ends of the first section (6) of the lower coal seam working surface and the second section (7) of the lower coal seam working surface are staggered outside the upper coal seam working surface (5);
in the coal pillar interval internal staggered mode,
the inclined length of the upper coal seam working surface (5) is larger than that of the lower coal seam working surface (4);
the upper coal seam arrangement working surface is divided into two sections, and a first section (1) of the upper coal seam working surface and a second section (2) of the upper coal seam working surface are correspondingly arranged respectively; the lower coal seam is divided into a section by arranging a working surface;
an upper coal seam spacing coal pillar (3) is reserved between the first section (1) of the upper coal seam working surface and the second section (2) of the upper coal seam working surface;
and two ends of the lower coal seam working surface (4) are staggered in the upper coal seam working surface (5);
in the step (3) of the above-mentioned process,
according to the working face layout mode, taking geological conditions of coal bed occurrence production and physical and mechanical parameters of rock stratum as basic data, establishing a numerical calculation model, researching and analyzing stress distribution when coal pillars are in different intervals;
according to the stress distribution characteristics, reasonable values of the widths of the interval coal pillars are determined according to the principles of saving resources, being safe and efficient and beneficial to long-term smoothness of the roadway;
further comprises:
determining the width of the coal pillar by adopting a coal pillar width calculation expression and determining the final value of the width of the interval coal pillar by combining a numerical simulation result;
wherein, the coal pillar width calculates the expression:
B≥2x 0 +(1～2)m
wherein:
b, theoretical width of coal pillar;
x 0 -width of plastic zone of coal pillar edge;
m-pillar height;
width x of plastic zone at edge of coal pillar 0 Namely the distance between the supporting pressure and the edge of the coal body, the limit balance theory is applied to obtain:
wherein:
m-coal seam thickness;
f, friction coefficient of the coal bed and the top and bottom plates;
h, burying the coal seam;
gamma-coal seam overburden average volume weight;
c, cohesion of the coal seam;
-internal friction angle of the coal seam;
p i -the resistance of the support to the coal side;
k-stress concentration factor;
triaxial stress coefficient of the zeta-coal bed is equal to
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| ZA2022/04496A ZA202204496B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2022-04-22 | Working face layout method with coal pillar interval staggered forms for weakening development of mining-induced ground fissure from the source |
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| CN105370281A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-03-02 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Layout method for lower slice of close distance coal seam group and low layer structure |
| CN205135632U (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-04-06 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Lower leaf structure of coal seam group closely |
| CN109139013A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-04 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Ultra close distance coal seam exploits country rock roadway layout method |
| CN110374600A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of ultra close distance coal seam group stope drift active workings are error-free away from formula method for arranging |
-
2021
- 2021-08-16 CN CN202110937672.5A patent/CN113464139B/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-04-22 ZA ZA2022/04496A patent/ZA202204496B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105370281A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-03-02 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Layout method for lower slice of close distance coal seam group and low layer structure |
| CN205135632U (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-04-06 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Lower leaf structure of coal seam group closely |
| CN109139013A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-04 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Ultra close distance coal seam exploits country rock roadway layout method |
| CN110374600A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of ultra close distance coal seam group stope drift active workings are error-free away from formula method for arranging |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 贺西矿近距离煤层采空区下回采巷道布置优化;刘志耀;;煤炭科学技术(03);第20-22页 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| ZA202204496B (en) | 2022-07-27 |
| CN113464139A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
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