CN113455510B

CN113455510B - Biopesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease

Info

Publication number: CN113455510B
Application number: CN202110790160.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨祥燕; 蔡元保; 黄强; 谭秦亮; 吴密; 刘明
Original assignee: Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute
Current assignee: Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-07-13
Filing date: 2021-07-13
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-13
Also published as: CN113455510A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a biological pesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease. A biological pesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease is prepared from fluopyram and rotenone or matrine through binary compounding. When the fluopyram and the rotenone or the matrine are compounded, the two effective components have no cross resistance and have good synergistic interaction; compared with a single agent, the biological pesticide disclosed by the invention can improve the prevention and treatment effect on the pineapple root-knot nematode, can reduce the application dosage of the pesticide and reduce the pesticide residue.

Description

Biopesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a biological pesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease.

Background

In the pineapple planting process, the pineapple is often damaged by nematodes. Nematodes are soil-borne pathogens that are tiny in size and can only be observed with the aid of a microscope. Nematodes mostly live in soil, spread through the soil or seeds, and can damage the root system of plants. The root system is directly eaten, the absorption of plants to nutrition and moisture can be greatly reduced, the wounds caused by the nematode eating the plants can also provide convenience for the invasion of plant germs, and the fungal and bacterial diseases caused by other microorganisms are indirectly transmitted.

Fluopyram, known by the english name fluyram, is a new class of benzamide agents that was originally developed as fungicides. However, in many published reports, fluopyram also has a good control effect on nematode diseases, and the insecticidal mechanism of fluopyram is that fluopyram acts on a complex II (i.e. succinate dehydrogenase) or succinate coenzyme Q reductase on a mitochondrial respiratory electron transfer chain, and the insecticidal action is realized by inhibiting the mitochondrial respiration action by blocking the electron transfer in the respiratory chain of succinate dehydrogenase.

Rotenone is a plant type pesticide, has the effects of contact poisoning and stomach poisoning, has a wide insecticidal spectrum, is short in residual time on crops, and does not pollute the environment. After entering the insect body, the pesticide can inhibit the oxidation of amino acids by obstructing respiration to kill the insect body, and can effectively prevent and treat pests such as thrips, aphids, nematodes and the like.

The matrine is prepared by extracting roots, plants and fruits of Chinese herbal medicine plant sophora flavescens through organic solvents such as ethanol and the like, is alkaloid, mainly comprises various alkaloids such as matrine, sophocarpine, sophoridine and the like, wherein the matrine and the alkali oxide have the highest content, and have better control effects on various diseases such as downy mildew, gray mold, scab and the like. In the prior patent, matrine and other pesticides have good prevention and treatment effects on nematode.

Most of the existing nematicides have high toxicity to human and livestock, and a single nematicide is used for a long time to easily cause the drug resistance of nematodes. With the increasing severity of nematode damage, there is an urgent need to develop new and low-toxicity nematicides. The compounding of different pesticide agents is an effective way for developing novel agents, and when the inventor compounds fluopyram and rotenone or matrine, the two effective components show synergistic action within a certain mass ratio range.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a biological pesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode, which shows a synergistic effect within a certain mass ratio range when two effective components are compounded, can improve the prevention and treatment effect on the nematode and provide help for developing a novel pesticide.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a biological pesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease is prepared from fluopyram and rotenone or matrine through binary compounding.

Preferably, the mass ratio of fluopyram to rotenone is 1-15: 60-1.

Preferably, the mass ratio of fluopyram to matrine is 1-10: 20-1.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the nematicidal mechanisms of fluopyram and rotenone or matrine are different, and compared with a single agent, the nematicidal agent can effectively delay the generation of drug resistance of pests; and the rotenone and the matrine are biological pesticides, so that the environment is not polluted, and the pressure of using the pesticides to the environment can be reduced.

(2) When the fluopyram and the rotenone or the matrine are compounded, the two effective components have no cross resistance and have good synergistic effect. Compared with a single agent, the biological pesticide disclosed by the invention can improve the prevention and treatment effect on the pineapple root-knot nematode, can reduce the application dosage of the pesticide and reduce the pesticide residue.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

Examples: indoor bioactivity test after compounding fluopyram and rotenone or matrine

Reagent to be tested: 96% fluopyram, 95% rotenone and 95% matrine

Testing nematode: meloidogyne incognita (Meloidogyne incognita)

The test method comprises the following steps: (refer to NT/Y1833.1-2009 Standard of indoor bioassay for pesticides part 1 nematocide for inhibition of plant pathogenic nematodes test and insect-soaking method)

1. Picking eggs of root-knot nematodes from pineapple roots, cleaning the eggs with clear water, placing the eggs on wet filter paper of a culture dish, and incubating at 25 ℃ to obtain second-instar larvae with consistent instar periods; eluting the cultured root-knot nematodes with water, filtering, centrifuging at 1000r/min for 2min, discarding supernatant, adding water, centrifuging again, and finally resuspending the root-knot nematodes to 200 heads/mL with water for later use;

2. dissolving each raw medicine with acetone, diluting with 0.1% Tween-80, respectively preparing single-dose mother liquor, setting multiple groups of ratios, and setting 7 series of mass concentrations of each single dose and each group of ratio mixture according to equal ratio method for use;

3. sequentially sucking 3mL of liquid medicine into the test tubes from low concentration to high concentration by using a pipette, and then sucking 3mL of prepared equal-amount nematode suspension liquid into the test tubes, so that the liquid medicine and the nematode suspension liquid are uniformly mixed in equal amount; moving a certain volume of the mixed solution into the small holes of a biochemical test plate with 24 holes by using a liquid moving machine, covering the small holes, and culturing at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 24 hours; meanwhile, the treatment containing only acetone and 0.1% Tween-80 and no medicament is set as a control;

4. 1mL of mixed solution is taken from each process, nematode death conditions are observed under a dissecting mirror, the number of the nematode is not less than 100 per repeated observation, and the number of total nematodes and death nematodes in the investigation is recorded. The determination standard of nematode death is as follows: the nematodes are stiff and still cannot move in a bending way when touched by the hair pin or the bamboo pin; calculating the mortality and corrected mortality of each treatment according to the survey data, performing regression analysis according to the log of the concentration of the agent and the log of the corrected mortality of the corresponding Meloidogyne incognita, and calculating the EC of each treatment agent₅₀And calculating the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) of the mixture according to the Sun Yunpei method.

Mortality (%) - (number of dead nematode ÷ number of survey busworms) × 100;

corrected mortality (%) (treatment nematode mortality-control nematode mortality) ÷ (1-control nematode mortality) ] x 100;

measured virulence index (ATI) ═ standard agent EC₅₀Reagent for test EC₅₀)×100；

Theoretical virulence index (TTI) ═ a agent virulence index × percentage of a in the mixture + B agent virulence index × percentage of B in the mixture;

co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) × 100 [ measured toxicity index (ATI) of the mixture)/Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) of the mixture ].

Criteria are divided according to joint action: the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) is more than or equal to 120 and shows a synergistic effect; the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) is less than or equal to 80, and the antagonism is shown; 80< co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) <120 showed additive effect. The results are shown in tables 1-2.

TABLE 1 indoor bioactivity assay of Fluopyram and rotenone combinations against Meloidogyne ananatis

As can be seen from the table 1, after the active ingredients fluopyram and rotenone are compounded, the weight ratio is 1-15: the co-toxicity coefficient to the pineapple root-knot nematode is more than 120 within the range of 60-1, and the synergistic effect is shown; especially when the mass ratio is 3: 1 or 15: when the composition is 1, the co-toxicity coefficients respectively reach 490.20 and 473.95, and the synergistic effect is particularly obvious.

TABLE 2 indoor determination of biological Activity of Fluopyram and matrine combinations against Meloidogyne ananatis

Name and proportion of the medicament	EC₅₀(mg/L)	ATI	TTI	CTC
					Fluopyram	15.38	100.00	--	--
Matrine	20.44	75.24	--	--
					Fluopyram 1: matrine 20	11.39	135.03	76.42	176.69
Fluopyram 1: matrine 16	8.94	172.04	76.70	224.29
					Fluopyram 1: matrine 12	5.03	305.77	77.15	396.33
Fluopyram 1: matrine 8	3.73	412.33	78.00	528.66
					Fluopyram 1: matrine 4	10.21	150.64	80.20	187.84
Fluopyram 1: matrine 1	11.26	136.59	87.62	155.88
					Fluopyram 2: matrine 1	8.90	172.81	91.75	188.35
Fluopyram 4: matrine 1	6.37	241.44	95.05	254.02
					Fluopyram 6: matrine 1	4.94	311.34	96.46	322.75
Fluopyram 8: matrine 1	3.18	483.65	97.25	497.33
					Fluopyram 10: matrine 1	5.62	273.67	97.75	279.97

As can be seen from the table 2, after the active ingredients of the invention, namely fluopyram and matrine are compounded, the weight ratio is 1-10: the cotoxicity coefficient to the pineapple root-knot nematode is more than 120 in the range of 20-1, and the synergistic effect is shown; especially when the mass ratio is 1: when 8, the co-toxicity coefficient is as high as 528.66, and the synergistic effect is particularly obvious.

As can be seen from tables 1-2, the combination of fluopyram and rotenone or matrine shows synergy to the meloidogyne incognita within a certain mass ratio range.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biological pesticide for preventing and treating pineapple root knot nematode disease is characterized in that the active ingredients are compounded by fluopyram and rotenone or matrine; the mass ratio of fluopyram to rotenone is 1-15: 60-1; the mass ratio of fluopyram to matrine is 1-10: 20-1.