CN113445980B - Method for enhancing anti-reflection effect of hydraulic fracturing of ground drilling - Google Patents
Method for enhancing anti-reflection effect of hydraulic fracturing of ground drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN113445980B CN113445980B CN202110772658.4A CN202110772658A CN113445980B CN 113445980 B CN113445980 B CN 113445980B CN 202110772658 A CN202110772658 A CN 202110772658A CN 113445980 B CN113445980 B CN 113445980B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
Abstract
A method for strengthening the anti-reflection effect of hydraulic fracturing of ground well drilling is carried out, ground well drilling construction is carried out, a gas extraction steel pipe is fixed, and hydraulic fracturing is carried out on a coal seam; sending the laser head fixing device to a coal seam floor, and connecting the optical fiber with a laser generator; injecting liquid nitrogen into the ground well via an injection pipe, injecting high water absorption material powder into the ground well via the injection pipe, starting a laser generator, rotating a laser head feeding pipe via a fixed rotating device, cutting the frozen coal body by laser to form an annular slot, and absorbing water vapor converted from water rich in the coal body by the high water absorption material powder; moving the laser head feeding pipe upwards, and then rotating the laser head feeding pipe; and (4) until the laser cutting and the thermal driving of the coal bed coal body in the ground drilling are completed, removing the laser slotting equipment, and extracting the ground drilling gas. The method can improve the gas extraction concentration, accelerate the gas extraction rate of the low-permeability coal seam and strengthen the hydraulic fracturing yield-increasing effect of the ground drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for increasing the permeability of a ground drilling well, in particular to a method for enhancing the permeability increasing effect of a ground drilling well in hydraulic fracturing.
Background
The coal bed gas is a clean energy source, and according to statistics, the reserve of coal bed gas geological resources with the burial depth of 2000m and less in China is about 36.8 billion cubic meters, and the coal bed gas occupies the third place in the world, so that the coal bed gas has great development potential. However, the coal bed gas in China has complex geological conditions and low permeability of coal beds, and the coal bed gas exploitation generally faces the problems of high exploitation cost and low exploitation efficiency.
In order to improve the yield of the coal bed gas, yield increasing measures such as hydraulic fracturing, gas injection displacement and multi-branch horizontal wells are applied to ground well drilling yield increasing transformation, wherein the hydraulic fracturing is the most common technical means in coal bed gas exploitation at present. However, the conventional hydraulic fracturing technology has the disadvantages that the number of cracks formed in a coal seam is small, the extension range of the cracks is small, the whole fracturing effect is poor, residual water in a coal body blocks a gas flowing channel, the effects of inhibiting gas desorption, diffusion and permeation are generated, the water locking effect is generated, the hydraulic fracturing technology is gradually limited, and finally the ground drilling yield is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for strengthening the anti-reflection effect of the hydraulic fracturing of ground drilling, which can effectively solve the problems of small anti-reflection range and poor anti-reflection effect of the hydraulic pressure of the ground drilling, simultaneously solve the water lock effect of the hydraulic fracturing, improve the gas extraction concentration, accelerate the gas extraction rate of a low-permeability coal seam, and strengthen the yield-increasing effect of the hydraulic fracturing of the ground drilling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for enhancing the anti-reflection effect of hydraulic fracturing of surface drilling, which comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ground drilling construction according to the coal mine gas extraction requirement, fixing a gas extraction steel pipe according to the standard, and performing hydraulic fracturing on a coal seam by adopting a conventional method;
(2) sealing a laser feeding pipe and an injection pipe by using a fixed rotating device at a ground drilling wellhead, vertically penetrating the fixed rotating device through a laser head feeding pipe, feeding the laser head fixing device to a position 0.2-0.5m away from a coal seam floor through the laser head feeding pipe, and connecting an optical fiber with a laser generator;
(3) injecting liquid nitrogen into the ground well bore through an injection pipe, and freezing the coal body subjected to hydraulic fracturing;
(4) high water absorption material powder is sprayed into a ground drilled well through an injection pipe, a laser generator is started at the same time, a laser head is rotated through a fixed rotating device to be sent into the pipe, the frozen coal body is cut by laser to form an annular slot, the laser can generate high temperature, the temperature of the coal body is obviously improved, the desorption rate of coal bed gas is accelerated, and the frozen coal body can also avoid spontaneous combustion of coal caused by the high temperature of the laser; meanwhile, water vapor converted from water in the coal body is absorbed by the high water absorption material powder, so that the water vapor is prevented from being condensed again to infiltrate the coal body, and a gas migration channel is ensured to be smooth;
(5) moving the laser head feeding pipe upwards by a fixed rotating device, wherein the moving distance is 0.5-0.8m, and then rotating the laser head feeding pipe by the fixed rotating device; laser continues to slit the coal body frozen by the liquid nitrogen, and heat drives the coal gas;
(6) and (5) repeating the step (4) until the laser cutting and the thermal flooding of the coal bed coal body in the ground drilling are completed, strengthening the yield increasing effect of the hydraulic fracturing of the ground drilling, and then removing the laser slotting equipment to extract the gas of the ground drilling.
The particle size of the super absorbent material powder sprayed in step (4) of the present invention is 100 to 180 mesh, and the smaller the particle size, the larger the surface area, the better the water absorption.
As a further improvement of the invention, the head of the laser head fixing device is uniformly provided with 4 laser heads along the circumferential direction.
As a further improvement of the invention, the injection tube is vertically arranged through the laser head feeding tube fixing and rotating device.
Compared with the prior art, the conventional hydraulic fracturing operation is carried out on the ground well drilling, so that the growth and development of pores and cracks of the coal body are preliminarily promoted, and the permeability of the coal body is improved; the liquid nitrogen is used for freezing the coal body, so that the spontaneous combustion of the coal body caused by high temperature of laser can be avoided. In order to avoid the limitation of the hydraulic fracturing technology, a laser generator is adopted to generate laser to slit the coal body, and the formed slit can effectively increase the cracking of the coal body so as to increase the air permeability and facilitate the discharge of moisture contained in the coal body; the laser can also generate high temperature, the temperature of the coal body is increased, the coal body is dried, meanwhile, the high water absorption material powder can absorb water vapor, the coal body is prevented from being soaked again after the water vapor is condensed again, the water lock effect is eliminated, the channel generated by hydraulic fracturing is smooth, meanwhile, the high temperature can accelerate the gas desorption of the coal body, and therefore the gas extraction is enhanced under the double effects of permeability increase and desorption acceleration. The invention not only effectively solves the problems of small anti-reflection range and poor anti-reflection effect of the ground drilling hydraulic pressure, but also solves the water lock effect of hydraulic fracturing, improves the gas extraction concentration, accelerates the gas extraction rate of a low-permeability coal seam, strengthens the hydraulic fracturing yield-increasing effect of ground drilling, and has wide practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a laser head fixing device.
In the figure: 1. the method comprises the following steps of (1) coal seam, (2) ground well drilling, (3) gas extraction steel pipe, (4) laser head fixing device, (5) laser head, (6) laser head feeding pipe, (7) fixed rotating device, (8) optical fiber, (9) laser generator, (10) injection pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for enhancing the permeability increasing effect of hydraulic fracturing of surface drilling comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the coal mine gas extraction requirement, performing ground drilling 2 construction, fixing a gas extraction steel pipe 3 according to the standard, and performing hydraulic fracturing on a coal seam 1 by adopting a conventional method;
(2) a laser head feeding pipe 6 and an injection pipe 10 are sealed at the wellhead of a ground well 2 by using a fixed rotating device 7, the laser head feeding pipe 6 vertically penetrates through the fixed rotating device 7, a laser head fixing device 4 is fed to a position 0.2-0.5m away from a coal seam floor through the laser head feeding pipe 6, and an optical fiber 8 is connected with a laser generator 9;
(3) injecting liquid nitrogen into the ground well 2 through an injection pipe 10, and freezing the coal body subjected to hydraulic fracturing;
(4) injecting high water-absorbing material powder with the grain diameter of 100-180 meshes into the ground well 2 through an injection pipe 10, wherein the high water-absorbing material powder can be obtained commercially, such as common natural starch with surface sizing agent, vegetable gum, animal gum (casein), chitin and water-soluble derivatives of alginic acid; meanwhile, a laser generator 9 is started, a laser head is rotated through a fixed rotating device 7 to be sent into the pipe 6, the frozen coal body is cut by laser to form an annular slot, the laser can generate high temperature, the temperature of the coal body is obviously improved, the desorption rate of coal bed gas is accelerated, and the frozen coal body can avoid spontaneous combustion of coal caused by the high temperature of the laser; meanwhile, water vapor converted from water in the coal body is absorbed by the high water absorption material powder, so that the water vapor is prevented from being condensed again to infiltrate the coal body, and a gas migration channel is ensured to be smooth;
(5) the laser head feeding pipe 6 is moved upwards by the fixed rotating device 7, the moving distance is 0.5-0.8m, and then the laser head feeding pipe 6 is rotated by the fixed rotating device 7; laser continues to slit the coal body frozen by the liquid nitrogen, and heat drives the coal gas;
(6) and (5) repeating the step (4) until the laser cutting and the thermal flooding of the coal bed body in the ground well 2 are completed, strengthening the yield increasing effect of the hydraulic fracturing of the ground well, and then removing the laser slotting equipment to extract the gas of the ground well.
As shown in fig. 2, the head of the laser head fixing device 4 is uniformly provided with 4 laser heads 5 along the circumferential direction.
The injection tube 10 is vertically disposed through the fixed rotation means 7.
Claims (4)
1. A method for enhancing the permeability increasing effect of hydraulic fracturing of ground drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the coal mine gas extraction requirement, performing ground drilling (2) construction, fixing a gas extraction steel pipe (3) according to a standard, and performing hydraulic fracturing on a coal seam (1) by adopting a conventional method;
(2) a laser sending pipe (6) and an injection pipe (10) are sealed at the wellhead of the ground drilling well (2) by using a fixed rotating device (7), the laser head sending pipe (6) vertically penetrates through the fixed rotating device (7), a laser head fixing device (4) is sent to a position 0.2-0.5m away from a coal seam floor through the laser head sending pipe (6), and an optical fiber (8) is connected with a laser generator (9);
(3) liquid nitrogen is injected into the ground well drilling (2) through the injection pipe (10) to freeze the coal body subjected to hydraulic fracturing, so that the coal body is prevented from spontaneous combustion caused by high temperature of laser;
(4) high water-absorbing material powder is sprayed into the ground well (2) through an injection pipe (10), a laser generator (9) is started at the same time, a laser head is rotated through a fixed rotating device (7) to be sent into a pipe (6), the frozen coal body is cut by laser to form an annular slot, and water vapor converted from water in the coal body is absorbed by the high water-absorbing material powder;
(5) the laser head feeding pipe (6) is moved upwards by the fixed rotating device (7) with the moving distance of 0.5-0.8m, and then the laser head feeding pipe (6) is rotated by the fixed rotating device (7);
(6) and (5) repeating the step (4) until the laser cutting and the thermal driving of the coal bed coal body in the ground well drilling (2) are completed, and then removing the laser slotting equipment to extract the ground well drilling gas.
2. The method for enhancing the permeability-increasing effect of the hydraulic fracturing of the surface drilling well as recited in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the high water absorbent material powder sprayed in the step (4) is 100-180 meshes.
3. The method for enhancing the permeability-increasing effect of the hydraulic fracturing of the surface drilling well is characterized in that 4 laser heads (5) are uniformly arranged on the head part of the laser head fixing device (4) along the circumferential direction.
4. A method of enhancing the permeability of a hydraulic fracture in surface drilling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the injection tube (10) is vertically arranged through the fixed rotating means (7).
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Application publication date: 20210928 Assignee: JIANGSU HUAMIAO ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Assignor: XUZHOU University OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2023320000182 Denomination of invention: A method for enhancing the permeability enhancement effect of hydraulic fracturing in surface drilling Granted publication date: 20230317 License type: Common License Record date: 20230731 |
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