CN112664258A - 3-111 gas efficient extraction method capable of preventing rock burst - Google Patents
3-111 gas efficient extraction method capable of preventing rock burst Download PDFInfo
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- CN112664258A CN112664258A CN202011438441.1A CN202011438441A CN112664258A CN 112664258 A CN112664258 A CN 112664258A CN 202011438441 A CN202011438441 A CN 202011438441A CN 112664258 A CN112664258 A CN 112664258A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst, and extraction equipment comprises high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment and liquid CO2A displacement device; the method comprises the following steps: step 1: drilling a plurality of drill holes on the coal body, reserving a part of the drill holes as pressing holes, and slotting the rest drill holes of the coal body by using high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, wherein a plurality of cutting gaps are formed in the circumferential direction of each slotted drill hole; step 2: fracturing the rest drill holes in the step 1 by using high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment; and step 3: by liquid CO2And the displacement equipment carries out gas displacement on the pressed hole and carries out gas extraction on the drilled hole. The invention effectively solves the difficult problems of ' unloading ' and ' releasing ', and realizes the pressure relief by ' making a seam, the crack expansion by fracturing, the gas displacement and the monitoringThe mode of monitoring and efficient utilization reduces the regional impact danger in the mine gas and improves the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine gas extraction, and particularly relates to a 3-111 efficient gas extraction method capable of preventing rock burst.
Background
The mined 4 coals have strong impact tendencies and are severely rock burst coal seams. At present, gas extraction drill holes are pre-extracted before high, middle and low three-layer mining in two gate roads and perpendicular to a coal wall on a working face, the distance between the drill holes is short, and the problems of large drilling engineering quantity, high attenuation speed of extracted gas concentration, poor extraction effect and the like exist. Meanwhile, the mine anti-impact pressure relief project is implemented in the crossheading roadway, and the pressure relief of the coal wall of the coal face is difficult.
Meanwhile, the coal seam of the mine is easy to self-ignite, so that the danger of possible natural ignition and the danger of coal dust explosion exist. The mine belongs to a three-level thermal damage mine, is coupled with multiple disasters, has higher treatment difficulty, and needs to creatively develop a new technology for collaboratively treating the multiple disasters so as to improve the working efficiency of the mine on the premise of ensuring the safety coefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst, and solves the problems that the pressure relief of the coal wall of the coal working face is difficult at present, and the gas extraction efficiency needs to be further improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that,
a3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst comprises high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment and liquid CO2The high-pressure hydraulic fracture device is used for fracturing and cutting the fracture gaps, and liquid CO is used for2The displacement apparatus being used for displacing CO2Introducing cut coal bodies and displacing gas so as to extract the gas;
the method is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: punching a plurality of drill holes at intervals on a coal body, reserving a part of the drill holes at intervals as pressing holes, and slotting the rest drill holes of the coal body by using high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, wherein a plurality of cutting gaps are formed in the circumferential direction of each slotted drill hole;
step 2: fracturing the rest drill holes in the step 1 by using high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment;
and step 3: by liquid CO2And the displacement equipment is used for carrying out gas displacement on the drill hole serving as the pressing hole and then extracting gas from the drill hole.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment comprises a water tank, a water pipe, a high-pressure pump assembly, a high-pressure rubber pipe, a high-pressure rotator, a crawler drill and a high-pressure water delivery drill rod which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction.
The liquid displacement equipment comprises a CO2CO sequentially arranged in the flow direction of2Tank wagon, CO2Pump truck, second valve, CO2The flowmeter, second three-way valve, second manometer, first three-way valve, first valve and first manometer.
In the step 1, slotting each drill hole specifically comprises jetting, cutting and deslagging.
In the step 2, the fracturing is specifically that high-pressure water passes through the drilling hole and the cutting gap so as to open, expand and extend the primary weak surface of the cutting gap.
In step 1, the distance interval was 50 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst;
in the aspect of gas extraction: the method can greatly reduce the extraction cost, improve the gas flow and concentration of an extraction system, reduce the gas discharge amount of wind, reduce the gas drilling number and shorten the extraction time.
In terms of rock burst control: firstly, a large amount of water is injected into the coal body in the hydraulic fracturing and slotting processes, so that the impact tendency of the coal body can be effectively reduced; and secondly, the coal rock body is cut along the hole wall by using high-pressure water jet in the fracturing process, so that the space volume of weak surfaces such as cracks is increased, the porosity of the coal body is increased, the accumulation of elastic energy is reduced, and the risk of regional impact is further reduced.
In liquid CO2Phase change gas displacement: CO phase-changed to gaseous state2Seeping and diffusing into the coal body under the action of pressure difference and concentration gradient, and corresponding to CH on the adsorption position4Generates competitive adsorption and finally injects CO2Under the action of partial pressure and concentration difference, the CH on the adsorption site in the coal matrix is replaced and displaced4And gas is transported and diffused to the gas extraction drill hole along the coal seam gas seepage channel, so that the coal seam gas extraction efficiency is improved.
In the aspect of other disaster cooperative treatment: liquid CO2As a low-temperature fluid (low temperature of 56.6 ℃), the low-temperature inerting effect can perform inerting temperature reduction on the coal bed, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and inerting the high-temperature coal bed. The high-pressure water soaks the coal bed for a long time, and the purposes of dust fall and temperature reduction are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3-111 efficient gas extraction method capable of preventing rock burst according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of a high-pressure water jet fracturing gap in the 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst;
FIG. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of liquid CO2 pressure injection test equipment in the 3-111 gas efficient extraction method capable of preventing rock burst;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of liquid CO2 displacement comparison in the 3-111 gas efficient extraction method capable of preventing rock burst.
In the figure, 1, a water tank, 2, a water pipe, 3, a high-pressure pump assembly, 4, a high-pressure rubber pipe, 5, a high-pressure rotator, 6, a crawler drill, 7, a high-pressure water conveying drill rod, 8, a coal body, 9, a drill hole, 10, a cutting gap, 11 and CO2Tank wagon, 12.CO2Pump truck, 13. second valve, 14.CO2The flowmeter, 15, the second three-way valve, 16, the second pressure gauge, 17, the first three-way valve, 18, the first valve, 19, the first pressure gauge.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a "3-111" gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst comprises high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment and liquid CO2A displacement device, a high-pressure hydraulic cutting device for cutting the coal body 8 to form a plurality of cutting gaps 10, a high-pressure hydraulic fracturing device for fracturing the cutting gaps 10, and liquid CO2The displacement apparatus being used for displacing CO2Introducing the cut coal body 8, and displacing gas so as to extract the gas;
the method is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: a plurality of drill holes 9 are drilled on the coal body 8 at intervals, a part of the drill holes 9 is reserved at intervals to be used as pressing holes, high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment is utilized to slot the rest drill holes 9 of the coal body 8, and a plurality of cutting gaps 10 are formed in the circumferential direction of each slotted drill hole 9;
as shown in fig. 2, step 2: fracturing the rest drill holes 9 in the step 1 by using high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment;
and step 3: by liquid CO2The displacement equipment performs gas displacement on the drill hole 9 serving as the hold-down hole, and then performs gas extraction on the drill hole 9.
Further, the high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment comprises a water tank 1, a water pipe 2, a high-pressure pump assembly 3, a high-pressure rubber pipe 4, a high-pressure rotator 5, a crawler drill 6 and a high-pressure water conveying drill rod 7 which are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction.
Further, the liquid displacement apparatus includes a CO-ring2CO sequentially arranged in the flow direction of2 Tank wagon 11, CO2Pump truck 12, second valve 13, CO2A flow meter 14, a second three-way valve 15, a second pressure gauge 16, a first three-way valve 17, a first valve 18 and a first pressure gauge 19.
Further, in step 1, slotting each bore hole 9 specifically includes jetting, cutting, and deslagging.
Further, in step 2, the fracturing is embodied by passing high pressure water through the bore 9 and the cutting gap 10 to open, expand and extend the primary facets of the cutting gap 10.
Further, in step 1, the distance interval was 50 m.
The 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst is further described in detail through specific embodiments;
the first step is as follows: carrying out high-pressure hydraulic slotting technology;
high-pressure hydraulic seam cutting is used as a method technology for increasing the air permeability of a coal seam, and is a technology which fully utilizes high-pressure water as an impact power source, sprays, cuts and discharges slag in a coal body through an actuating mechanism, and finally forms a seam slot in the coal body;
a drill-cutting integrated drill bit is used for drilling a pressure relief drill hole with a certain aperture in a coal (rock) layer, then high-pressure water jet is used for cutting a coal (rock) body along the hole wall in the drill hole during back drilling, a plurality of flat slots with certain width and depth are formed in the direction vertical to the drill hole, and water flow is used for discharging cut coal (rock) residues out of the hole. Thereby achieving the purposes of increasing the permeability of the coal body, reducing the temperature, reducing dust, preventing impact and relieving pressure.
The second step is that: carrying out high-pressure hydraulic fracturing technology;
the hydraulic fracturing technology is characterized in that high-pressure water is injected into a coal rock mass through a drilling hole 9 at a discharge capacity which is larger than the filtration rate of the coal rock mass, the minimum ground stress and the tensile strength of the coal rock mass are overcome, the weak surfaces are opened, expanded and extended under the splitting or supporting action on two wall surfaces of the weak surfaces in various primary weak surfaces of a coal bed, so that internal segmentation is formed on the coal bed, the space volume of the weak surfaces such as fractures is increased through the segmentation, the porosity of the coal mass 8 is increased, a multi-fracture communication network which is interwoven is formed, the migration channel of gas is increased, and the permeability of the coal bed is greatly improved.
The hydraulic fracturing technology is characterized in that a high-pressure water injection pump is used for pressing high-pressure water into coal and rock layers through a drill hole, the high-pressure water is used for punching the wall of the coal and rock layer in the hole to destroy the structure of the coal body and the rock body, so that cracks are generated in the coal and rock layers or original closed cracks are pressed to form new cracks, and the problems of weakening of hard and thick (high-gas) coal seam fully-mechanized caving mining top coal, large-area pressure treatment of a hard roof, ore pressure impact, gas outburst, pressure relief of left coal pillars, high-efficiency extraction of coal seam permeability-increasing gas and the like in the coal mining process.
The third step: developing liquid CO2Displacement technology;
coal bed liquid CO2In the pressure injection process, the gas extraction efficiency of the coal seam is improved under the influence of three comprehensive effects of low-temperature freezing, replacement and displacement. Under the actions of low-temperature freezing and temperature-raising phase-change pressurization, pores of the coal body 8 are forced to evolve, original fractures are expanded and extended, and new fractures are generated, so that the purpose of permeability increase is achieved. CO phase-changed to gaseous state2Seeping and diffusing into the coal body 8 under the action of pressure difference and concentration gradient and corresponding to CH on the adsorption position4Generates competitive adsorption and finally injects CO2Under the action of partial pressure and concentration difference, the CH on the adsorption site in the coal matrix is replaced and displaced4Gas is transported and diffused to the gas extraction drill hole 9 along the coal seam gas seepage channel, so that the coal seam gas extraction efficiency is improved;
liquid CO2Gas displacement is realized by injecting liquid CO into the coal body through a drill hole 9 under high pressure2To increase the coal body crack due to liquid CO2The volume of the gasified coal is increased by 640 times, and the gasified coal is combined with coal to be 8 times of that of gas, so that the pressure injection key parameters are inspected, the gas extraction effect is observed, and liquid CO is analyzed2Key parameters such as pressure injection unsteady flow and the like and comprehensive benefits of gas extraction of the coal seam are obtained, and a fracturing pressure critical value in a pressure relief and permeability increasing process is mastered, so that the double effects of coal seam pressure relief and gas extraction promotion are achieved.
The following experiments are used for comparing the 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing and treating rock burst with a common gas extraction method, and the results and analysis are as follows:
comparative analysis
The half-diameter of the slot measured by the coal planing method was 0.8m, the slotThe width is 0.06 m. Analyzing the gas extraction data to obtain liquid CO2The gas extraction concentration after the injection is 3.61-4.17 times (average multiple) of the original concentration, the extraction purity is 4.63-6.79 times (average multiple) of the original purity, and the liquid CO is obtained2The effective influence radius of the pressure injection test in a mine reaches 20-25 m; the gas extraction concentration of the slotted borehole is 2.24 times (multiple) of that of the gas extraction concentration of the common borehole, and the extraction purity is 2.61 times (average multiple) of the original purity.
The invention relates to a 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst, which provides a 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction concept aiming at the limitations and advantages of a single coal seam permeability-increasing technical means, and implements high-pressure water jet slotting pressure-relief permeability-increasing, hydraulic fracturing and CO2The implementation experience of gas displacement is that a new mode of '3-111' high-efficiency gas extraction and rock burst prevention is implemented in a coal mine by performing 3 technical operations in a single hole, performing one-time seam-making pressure relief, one-time gas-phase desorption displacement and one-time low-pressure gas displacement, so that the gas extraction efficiency is improved, and the novel mode has certain practicability.
Claims (6)
1. The 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst is characterized in that the extraction equipment comprises high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment and liquid CO2The high-pressure hydraulic fracture cutting device is used for cutting coal bodies (8) to form a plurality of cutting gaps (10), the high-pressure hydraulic fracturing device is used for fracturing the cutting gaps (10), and the liquid CO is used for2The displacement apparatus being used for displacing CO2Introducing the cut coal body (8) and displacing gas so as to extract the gas;
the method is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: punching the coal body (8) at intervals, reserving a part of the plurality of drill holes (9) as pressing holes at intervals, and slotting the rest drill holes (9) of the coal body (8) by using high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment, wherein a plurality of cutting gaps (10) are formed in the circumferential direction of each slotted drill hole (9);
step 2: fracturing each drill hole (9) obtained in the step 1 by using high-pressure hydraulic fracturing equipment;
and step 3: by liquid CO2The displacement equipment carries out gas displacement on the drill hole (9) serving as the pressing hole, and then gas extraction is carried out on the drill hole (9).
2. The 3-111 efficient gas extraction method capable of preventing rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure hydraulic slotting equipment comprises a water tank (1), a water pipe (2), a high-pressure pump assembly (3), a high-pressure rubber pipe (4), a high-pressure rotator (5), a crawler drill (6) and a high-pressure water conveying drill rod (7) which are sequentially arranged along a water flow direction.
3. The efficient gas extraction method based on the '3-111' technology and capable of preventing and treating rock burst as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid displacement equipment comprises a CO-absorbing device2CO sequentially arranged in the flow direction of2Tank wagon (11), CO2A pump truck (12), a second valve (13), CO2The flowmeter (14), the second three-way valve (15), the second pressure gauge (16), the first three-way valve (17), the first valve (18) and the first pressure gauge (19).
4. The 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, slotting each drill hole (9) specifically comprises jetting, cutting and deslagging.
5. The 3-111 gas high-efficiency extraction method capable of preventing rock burst as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the fracturing is implemented by passing high-pressure water through the drilled hole (9) and the cutting gap (10) so as to open, expand and extend the primary weak surface of the cutting gap (10).
6. The efficient gas extraction method capable of preventing and treating rock burst according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the distance interval is 50 m.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113431530A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Coal seam hydraulic slotting and combined fracturing comprehensive permeability increasing device |
| CN114893161A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-12 | 陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司 | Multi-layer position directional drilling combined arrangement method |
| CN114961684A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-30 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Coal seam permeability increasing and scour prevention cooperative continuous operation method with rock burst dangerous top plate |
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Application publication date: 20210416 |