CN113445638B - 建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及建筑复合材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，本发明要解决的技术问题是现有防水材料预定位不便，边缝衔接不牢固，密封性不佳，强度较差容易变形，进而影响防水效果的问题。为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，包括胶板，所述胶板的底面涂覆有沥青胶液。通过对位压板和对位承接板的设置，使得胶板的预定位和衔接操作精准便捷，利用对位压板和对位承接板的金属材质效果，减弱了接合位置叠加厚度所造成的热量传递效果不好的问题，使得胶板的拼接接合更为牢固，通过纤维网和加强筋的设置，使得胶板本身强度和韧性增加，材料本身联结性更强，不容易开裂脱皮。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑复合材料领域，具体为一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构。
背景技术
建筑防水是指为防止水对建筑物某些部位的渗透而从建筑材料上和构造上所采取的措施。防水多使用在屋面、地下建筑、建筑物的地下部分和需防水的内室和储水构筑物等。按其采取的措施和手段的不同，分为材料防水和构造防水两大类。
其中，因卷材防水作业操作简单，成本低，被普遍应用于现代建筑中。
在实行现有行业内常规方案时，发明人至少存在如下问题没有得到解决：1、现有卷材材料敷设不容易对位，受环境空气流动影响，卷材容易被风吹移动，现有常规操作多采用石头等重物间隔压紧卷材进行定位，其本身预定位效果不佳，实际敷设后容易出现褶皱，影响卷材边缝的接合和密封性；2、现有卷材防水多采用沥青材料，沥青需要热融增加其流动性以便于敷设操作，卷材边缝叠加后其厚度较厚，采用喷火器烘烤热熔时，热量很难传递到卷材底部的沥青表面，沥青无法渗透进入叠加的卷材边缝，容易残留孔洞，造成密封效果不佳的问题；3、现有卷材强度不高，其材料本身联结性不强，较热的天气受磕碰和踩踏容易变形，进而影响防水效果。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，解决了现有防水材料预定位不便，边缝衔接不牢固，密封性不佳，强度较差容易变形，进而影响防水效果的问题。
为实现以上目的，本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，包括胶板，所述胶板的底面涂覆有沥青胶液；
所述胶板的前后侧均固定连接有对位压板，所述对位压板的表面开设有对位孔；
所述胶板的左右侧均固定连接有对位承接板，所述对位承接板的表面嵌套有对位套，所述对位套与对位孔插配连接，所述对位套的内侧穿套有锚固螺栓；
所述胶板的顶部粘接有纤维网，所述纤维网的顶面固定设置有加强筋，所述加强筋的表面敷设有皮面，所述皮面的顶面熔接有塑膜。
优选的，所述胶板为耐火橡胶材质，胶板的表面开设有菱形的网孔，菱形网孔内侧嵌套有块状沥青。
优选的，所述对位压板与对位承接板分别设置在胶板侧表面的上下侧，所述对位压板和对位承接板均为铝皮材料。
优选的，所述对位孔的直径比对位套的外径大3～5mm，所述对位孔的内侧表面涂覆有石蜡。
优选的，所述对位套的顶部凸起于对位承接板的顶面，所述对位套顶面和对位承接板顶面之间的间距与对位孔深度的比值为1.5～2：3。
优选的，所述锚固螺栓的顶部螺纹连接有锚固螺母，所述锚固螺母的表面涂覆有防锈油脂，防锈油脂浸润在锚固螺栓的导槽内侧。
优选的，所述加强筋为钢丝拉网结构，所述加强筋成十字交叉设置。
优选的，所述皮面包覆在加强筋的表面，所述皮面的底面与纤维网粘接并成一体化。
有益效果
本发明提供了一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构。与现有技术相比具备以下有益效果：
(1)、该建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构通过对位压板和对位承接板的设置，使得胶板的预定位和衔接操作精准便捷，且采用上下交错叠加的方式，其接合间隙不容易产生渗漏问题，防护效果更好。
(2)、该建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构通过对位压板和对位承接板的设置，利用对位压板和对位承接板的金属材质效果，使得在烧灼烘烤材料本身时，接合位置的热量能够经由对位压板和对位承接板进行传送至底部的沥青胶液，使得沥青胶液热融渗透进入对位压板和对位承接板间隙中，减弱了接合位置叠加厚度所造成的热量传递效果不好的问题，使得胶板的拼接接合更为牢固。
(3)、该建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构通过纤维网和加强筋的设置，使得胶板本身强度和韧性增加，材料本身联结性更强，不容易开裂脱皮，并有效的保护建筑外表面。
附图说明
图1为本发明的层结构示意图；
图2为本发明胶板的结构示意图；
图3为本发明加强筋的结构示意图。
图中：1、胶板；2、沥青胶液；3、对位压板；4、对位孔；5、对位承接板；6、对位套；7、锚固螺栓；8、纤维网；9、加强筋；10、皮面；11、塑膜。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-3，一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，包括胶板1，胶板1的底面涂覆有沥青胶液2。
胶板1的前后侧均固定连接有对位压板3，对位压板3的表面开设有对位孔4。
胶板1的左右侧均固定连接有对位承接板5，对位承接板5的表面嵌套有对位套6，对位套6与对位孔4插配连接，对位套6的内侧穿套有锚固螺栓7。
胶板1的顶部粘接有纤维网8，纤维网8的顶面固定设置有加强筋9，加强筋9的表面敷设有皮面10，皮面10的顶面熔接有塑膜11。塑膜11为材料的搬运和叠放提供滑面，便于胶板1上下堆叠成摞，便于搬运
本发明中，胶板1为耐火橡胶材质，胶板1的表面开设有菱形的网孔，菱形网孔内侧嵌套有块状沥青。需要说明的是，通过菱形网孔的设置缩减胶板1本身的重量，且菱形网孔的开设间接的增加了胶板1与胶液沥青之间的接触面积，在明火烧灼过程中，块状沥青逐渐融化并与胶板1底侧的沥青胶液2混合成一体，使得胶板1、沥青胶液2以及其所敷设的建筑表面黏结成整体，增强了材料敷设粘合效果，提升了防水性能。
本发明中，对位压板3与对位承接板5分别设置在胶板1侧表面的上下侧，对位压板3和对位承接板5均为铝皮材料。需要说明的是，首先上下交错叠合的方式在胶板1烧灼压延时能够使得让材料整体的边缝成堆叠微隆的形式相互拼接，而非侧向端面直接相接的形式进行对接，为寒冷天气的材料收缩提供一定的余量，始终保持建筑表面被该材料所覆盖。同时通过铝皮金属的导热性，能够有效的将敷设后材料表面烧灼的热量向胶板1底侧边沿的沥青胶液2进行传递，加强沥青胶液2的融化渗透效果，减轻拼接衔接位置厚度对烧灼融化效果的影响，沥青胶液2顺利融化后渗透进入对位孔4、对位压板3和对位承接板5之间的间隙中，有效的缩减了气态间隙，提升了材料衔接后的整体性，提升了气密性和防水效果。
本发明中，对位孔4的直径比对位套6的外径大3～5mm，对位孔4的内侧表面涂覆有石蜡。需要说明的是，首先通过石蜡缩减对位孔4与对位套6之间气态空腔大小，其后，在灼烧过程中，石蜡融化可流动，沥青胶液2能够向该间隙进行渗透，增强装配后沥青胶液2的粘结面积，提升一体性。
本发明中，对位套6的顶部凸起于对位承接板5的顶面，对位套6顶面和对位承接板5顶面之间的间距与对位孔4深度的比值为1.5～2：3。需要说明的是，拼接时，对位套6的顶端能够由下向上嵌套进入另一块胶板1的对位孔4内侧，实现相邻胶板1之间的拼接定位效果。
本发明中，锚固螺栓7的顶部螺纹连接有锚固螺母，锚固螺母的表面涂覆有防锈油脂，防锈油脂浸润在锚固螺栓7的导槽内侧。需要说明的是，锚固螺母将对位压板3与对位承接板5向建筑表面进行压紧，实现定位装配效果。
本发明中，加强筋9为钢丝拉网结构，加强筋9成十字交叉设置。需要说明的是，钢丝具有较高的强度，将钢丝交叉设置增强了胶板1中心位置的拉延承载能力，增强胶板1整体受外界踩踏拉延的抵抗能力，维持了胶板1的形态。
本发明中，皮面10包覆在加强筋9的表面，皮面10的底面与纤维网8粘接并成一体化。需要说明的是，皮面10主要用于对加强筋9进行裹覆，减小加强筋9受水锈蚀的效果，同时皮面10与纤维网8联结，使其该材料外表面更加光滑平整，提升了水体在该材料表面的流动性，提升了建筑物表面的排水效果。
使用时，首先在建筑物表面划线规划打孔位置，锚固螺栓7打入孔腔内侧并完成锚固螺栓7与建筑物表面的锁固，其后将胶板1的含沥青胶液2的表面朝向建筑物表面放置，将对位套6对准锚固螺栓7进行穿套，并依次将相邻胶板1的对位孔4穿插叠放在对位套6的表面，实现胶板1在建筑物表面的叠放、延伸和铺展，其后将锚固螺母旋接在锚固螺栓7的顶部，随着锚固螺母向下旋进，对位压板3与对位承接板5相互压紧，胶板1向建筑物表面压紧。
其后，用液化气喷枪点火烧灼胶板1表面，热量传递给沥青胶液2和胶板1内部的块状沥青，块状沥青融化并与沥青胶液2以及建筑物表面粘结，热量经由对位压板3和对位承接板5金属材质的热传导效果传递给胶板1边缝位置的沥青胶液2，使得沥青胶液2渗透进入边缝内侧并进入对位孔4和对位套6之间的间隙，实现相邻胶板1之间的粘结，构成一体化结构，完成铺设作业。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，包括胶板(1)，其特征在于：所述胶板(1)的底面涂覆有沥青胶液(2)；
所述胶板(1)的前后侧均固定连接有对位压板(3)，所述对位压板(3)的表面开设有对位孔(4)；
所述胶板(1)的左右侧均固定连接有对位承接板(5)，所述对位承接板(5)的表面嵌套有对位套(6)，所述对位套(6)与对位孔(4)插配连接，所述对位套(6)的内侧穿套有锚固螺栓(7)；
所述胶板(1)的顶部粘接有纤维网(8)，所述纤维网(8)的顶面固定设置有加强筋(9)，所述加强筋(9)的表面敷设有皮面(10)，所述皮面(10)的顶面熔接有塑膜(11)；
所述胶板(1)为耐火橡胶材质，胶板(1)的表面开设有菱形的网孔，菱形网孔内侧嵌套有块状沥青；
所述对位压板(3)与对位承接板(5)分别设置在胶板(1)侧表面的上下侧，所述对位压板(3)和对位承接板(5)均为铝皮材料；
所述对位孔(4)的直径比对位套(6)的外径大3～5mm，所述对位孔(4)的内侧表面涂覆有石蜡；
所述皮面(10)包覆在加强筋(9)的表面，所述皮面(10)的底面与纤维网(8)粘接并成一体化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，其特征在于：所述对位套(6)的顶部凸起于对位承接板(5)的顶面，所述对位套(6)顶面和对位承接板(5)顶面之间的间距与对位孔(4)深度的比值为1.5～2：3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，其特征在于：所述锚固螺栓(7)的顶部螺纹连接有锚固螺母，所述锚固螺母的表面涂覆有防锈油脂，防锈油脂浸润在锚固螺栓(7)的导槽内侧。
4.根据权利要求1所述的建筑生产用复合建材的防水结构，其特征在于：所述加强筋(9)为钢丝拉网结构，所述加强筋(9)成十字交叉设置。
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| KR101911364B1 (ko) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-10-24 | 김석만 | 복합방수시트 |
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