CN113444529A - Soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of cultivated land and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of cultivated land and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113444529A CN113444529A CN202110825349.9A CN202110825349A CN113444529A CN 113444529 A CN113444529 A CN 113444529A CN 202110825349 A CN202110825349 A CN 202110825349A CN 113444529 A CN113444529 A CN 113444529A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
A soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of cultivated land relates to the technical field of soil conditioners, and the soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-30% of plant ash, 4-6% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-6% of quicklime, 15-18% of zeolite, 2-4% of hydroxyapatite, 20-22% of organic fertilizer, 3-5% of composite algae powder, 10-13% of humic acid resin, 5-8% of nano modified bentonite, 1-2% of magnesium silicate, 3-4% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1-2% of nano zero-valent iron and 2-3% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil conditioners, in particular to a soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of cultivated land and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Heavy metal contamination of cultivated lands is soil contamination caused by excessive deposition of heavy metals in the soil. Heavy metals in the soil of the polluted farmland mainly comprise elements with obvious biological toxicity, such as cadmium, lead and the like. Mainly comes from mining waste residues, pesticides, waste water, sludge, atmospheric sedimentation and the like. The content of heavy metals in the soil is increased, so that the comprehensive environmental problems of soil productivity reduction, agricultural product pollution, ecological environment destruction and the like are caused. Cadmium is one of the most common heavy metals with the highest toxicity in the environment and polluted farmland, and the heavy metals in soil can be enriched in plants after being absorbed by the plants and enter human bodies through food chains, so that the health of human bodies is harmed. Lead is also an important environmental pollutant and has the characteristics of accumulation, difficult degradability, invisibility and the like. Excessive lead not only hinders plant growth and development, reduces yield and quality, but also can severely damage the nervous, digestive immune and reproductive systems of humans through enrichment of the food chain. Lead in edible plants is an important source of lead in the human body. According to research, in a lead pollution area, 50-90% of lead ingested by a human body comes from food, and most of the lead comes from grains and vegetables.
The soil conditioner is used for soil improvement of cultivated land in the aspects of soil remediation, soil toxicity reduction and the like. The existing soil conditioner has low removal rate of cadmium and lead in the heavy metal polluted farmland soil, and the heavy metal is easy to cause harm again after being enriched again, thus hindering the growth of crops. Therefore, a soil conditioner for repairing heavy metal contaminated farmland is urgently needed to solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution in cultivated land and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of cultivated land comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 25-30% of plant ash, 4-6% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-6% of quicklime, 15-18% of zeolite, 2-4% of hydroxyapatite, 20-22% of organic fertilizer, 3-5% of composite algae powder, 10-13% of humic acid resin, 5-8% of nano-modified bentonite, 1-2% of magnesium silicate, 3-4% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1-2% of nano zero-valent iron and 2-3% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
Further, the soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-28% of plant ash, 4-5% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-6% of quicklime, 16-18% of zeolite, 2-3% of hydroxyapatite, 21-22% of organic fertilizer, 3-4% of composite algae powder, 11-13% of humic acid resin, 5-7% of nano-modified bentonite, 1-2% of magnesium silicate, 3-4% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1-2% of nano zero-valent iron and 2-3% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
Furthermore, 25% of plant ash, 4% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5% of quicklime, 16% of zeolite, 2% of hydroxyapatite, 21% of organic fertilizer, 3% of composite algae powder, 12% of humic acid resin, 5% of nano-modified bentonite, 1% of magnesium silicate, 3% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1% of nano zero-valent iron and 2% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
Further, the preparation method of the humic acid resin comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of crushing the sodium sulfonated humate, sieving the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with a 150-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with phenolic resin and hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1, uniformly mixing, crosslinking and curing the mixture at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours, using a deionized water washing agent to be colorless, drying, grinding and sieving the mixture, then soaking the obtained humic acid resin crude product in a calcium acetate solution for 8 hours, and filtering, washing and drying the humic acid resin crude product to obtain the humic acid resin.
Further, the plant ash is residual solid matters generated after at least one of corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws and peanut shells is combusted.
Further, the organic fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure or sheep manure.
Further, the particle size of the zeolite is 10-50 meshes.
Further, the mixed algae powder is prepared by mixing sargassum thunbergii, hydrilla verticillata and myriophyllum vulgare.
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of cultivated land comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the composition percentage;
step two: uniformly mixing zeolite, plant ash and an organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture 1, and uniformly mixing quicklime, hydroxyapatite, composite algae powder, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture 2;
step three: and respectively combining and uniformly mixing the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 after net value is 1h, adding deionized water with equal mass, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment.
Step four: and (3) adding the calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid resin into the mixture subjected to the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in the third step, uniformly mixing, drying, transferring into an extrusion granulator, extruding, granulating, and drying.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency of ultrasonic dispersion in the third step is 15-20KHz, the dispersion speed is 7000r/min, and the dispersion time is 1 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is prepared from plant ash, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, quicklime, zeolite, hydroxyapatite, an organic fertilizer, composite algae powder, humic acid resin, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide which are matched with the plant ash, and has a synergistic effect on heavy metal polluted farmlands, so that the contact area of the conditioner and the soil is increased, the conditioner can be in contact reaction with the soil to the maximum extent, the chelation effect with heavy metal ions is promoted, the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is increased. The soil conditioner can effectively reduce the content of effective cadmium/lead in the soil of the grain field, and reduce the absorption and enrichment of cadmium/lead polluted soil and crops on the effective cadmium/lead. The components of the invention have synergistic effect, and the invention has high-efficiency adsorption effect on heavy metal cadmium/lead, and simultaneously has good repair effect on cadmium/lead polluted grain field soil, thereby further enhancing passivation effect. The soil conditioner of the invention is rapid, efficient and safe in repairing heavy metal polluted farmland and can be widely applied.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25% of plant ash, 4% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5% of quicklime, 16% of zeolite, 2% of hydroxyapatite, 21% of organic fertilizer, 3% of composite algae powder, 12% of humic acid resin, 5% of nano-modified bentonite, 1% of magnesium silicate, 3% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1% of nano zero-valent iron and 2% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%;
the preparation method of the humic acid resin comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of crushing the sodium sulfonated humate, sieving the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with a 150-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with phenolic resin and hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1, uniformly mixing, crosslinking and curing the mixture at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours, using a deionized water washing agent to be colorless, drying, grinding and sieving the mixture, then soaking the obtained humic acid resin crude product in a calcium acetate solution for 8 hours, and filtering, washing and drying the humic acid resin crude product to obtain the humic acid resin.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the composition percentage;
step two: uniformly mixing zeolite, plant ash and an organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture 1, and uniformly mixing quicklime, hydroxyapatite, composite algae powder, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture 2;
step three: and respectively combining and uniformly mixing the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 after net value is 1h, adding deionized water with equal mass, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment.
Step four: and (3) adding the calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid resin into the mixture subjected to the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in the third step, uniformly mixing, drying, transferring into an extrusion granulator, extruding, granulating, and drying.
Example 2
The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25% of plant ash, 5% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4% of quicklime, 17% of zeolite, 2% of hydroxyapatite, 20% of organic fertilizer, 3% of composite algae powder, 12% of humic acid resin, 5% of nano-modified bentonite, 1% of magnesium silicate, 3% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1% of nano zero-valent iron and 2% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%;
the preparation method of the humic acid resin comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of crushing the sodium sulfonated humate, sieving the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with a 150-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with phenolic resin and hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1, uniformly mixing, crosslinking and curing the mixture at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours, using a deionized water washing agent to be colorless, drying, grinding and sieving the mixture, then soaking the obtained humic acid resin crude product in a calcium acetate solution for 8 hours, and filtering, washing and drying the humic acid resin crude product to obtain the humic acid resin.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the composition percentage;
step two: uniformly mixing zeolite, plant ash and an organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture 1, and uniformly mixing quicklime, hydroxyapatite, composite algae powder, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture 2;
step three: and respectively combining and uniformly mixing the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 after net value is 1h, adding deionized water with equal mass, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment.
Step four: and (3) adding the calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid resin into the mixture subjected to the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in the third step, uniformly mixing, drying, transferring into an extrusion granulator, extruding, granulating, and drying.
Example 3
The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25% of plant ash, 5% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4% of quicklime, 16% of zeolite, 2% of hydroxyapatite, 20% of organic fertilizer, 3% of composite algae powder, 13% of humic acid resin, 5% of nano-modified bentonite, 1% of magnesium silicate, 3% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1% of nano zero-valent iron and 2% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%;
the preparation method of the humic acid resin comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of crushing the sodium sulfonated humate, sieving the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with a 150-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with phenolic resin and hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1, uniformly mixing, crosslinking and curing the mixture at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours, using a deionized water washing agent to be colorless, drying, grinding and sieving the mixture, then soaking the obtained humic acid resin crude product in a calcium acetate solution for 8 hours, and filtering, washing and drying the humic acid resin crude product to obtain the humic acid resin.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the composition percentage;
step two: uniformly mixing zeolite, plant ash and an organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture 1, and uniformly mixing quicklime, hydroxyapatite, composite algae powder, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture 2;
step three: and respectively combining and uniformly mixing the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 after net value is 1h, adding deionized water with equal mass, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment.
Step four: and (3) adding the calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid resin into the mixture subjected to the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in the third step, uniformly mixing, drying, transferring into an extrusion granulator, extruding, granulating, and drying.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention has synergistic effect on heavy metal polluted farmlands by combining plant ash, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, quicklime, zeolite, hydroxyapatite, organic fertilizer, composite algae powder, humic acid resin, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide, increases the contact area of the conditioner and soil, maximally contacts and reacts with the soil, promotes chelation with heavy metal ions, improves the soil structure and increases the soil fertility. The soil conditioner can effectively reduce the content of effective cadmium/lead in the soil of the grain field, and reduce the absorption and enrichment of cadmium/lead polluted soil and crops on the effective cadmium/lead. The components of the invention have synergistic effect, and the invention has high-efficiency adsorption effect on heavy metal cadmium/lead, and simultaneously has good repair effect on cadmium/lead polluted grain field soil, thereby further enhancing passivation effect. The soil conditioner of the invention is rapid, efficient and safe in repairing heavy metal polluted farmland and can be widely applied.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution of the farmland is characterized in that the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage: 25-30% of plant ash, 4-6% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-6% of quicklime, 15-18% of zeolite, 2-4% of hydroxyapatite, 20-22% of organic fertilizer, 3-5% of composite algae powder, 10-13% of humic acid resin, 5-8% of nano-modified bentonite, 1-2% of magnesium silicate, 3-4% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1-2% of nano zero-valent iron and 2-3% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
2. The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution in farmland according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage: 25-28% of plant ash, 4-5% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-6% of quicklime, 16-18% of zeolite, 2-3% of hydroxyapatite, 21-22% of organic fertilizer, 3-4% of composite algae powder, 11-13% of humic acid resin, 5-7% of nano-modified bentonite, 1-2% of magnesium silicate, 3-4% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1-2% of nano zero-valent iron and 2-3% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
3. The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution in farmland according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage: 25% of plant ash, 4% of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5% of quicklime, 16% of zeolite, 2% of hydroxyapatite, 21% of organic fertilizer, 3% of composite algae powder, 12% of humic acid resin, 5% of nano-modified bentonite, 1% of magnesium silicate, 3% of potassium selenide sulfide, 1% of nano zero-valent iron and 2% of modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein the sum of the content percentages of the components is 100%.
4. The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution in farmland according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the humic acid resin is as follows: the method comprises the steps of crushing the sodium sulfonated humate, sieving the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with a 150-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed sodium sulfonated humate with phenolic resin and hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1, uniformly mixing, crosslinking and curing the mixture at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours, using a deionized water washing agent to be colorless, drying, grinding and sieving the mixture, then soaking the obtained humic acid resin crude product in a calcium acetate solution for 8 hours, and filtering, washing and drying the humic acid resin crude product to obtain the humic acid resin.
5. The soil conditioner for heavy metal pollution treatment of cultivated land according to claim 1, wherein the plant ash is residual solid matter produced after at least one of corn stover, wheat straw, rice straw and peanut shell is combusted.
6. The soil conditioner for treating heavy metal pollution in the cultivated land according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure or sheep manure.
7. The soil conditioner for heavy metal pollution treatment of cultivated land according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of said zeolite is between 10-50 mesh.
8. The soil conditioner for heavy metal pollution treatment of farmland according to claim 1, wherein the mixed algae powder is prepared by mixing sargassum thunbergii, hydrilla verticillata and myriophyllum vulgare.
9. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for remedying heavy metal pollution in cultivated land according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the composition percentage;
step two: uniformly mixing zeolite, plant ash and an organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture 1, and uniformly mixing quicklime, hydroxyapatite, composite algae powder, nano-modified bentonite, magnesium silicate, potassium selenide sulfide, nano-zero-valent iron and modified molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture 2;
step three: and respectively combining and uniformly mixing the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 after net value is 1h, adding deionized water with equal mass, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment.
Step four: and (3) adding the calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid resin into the mixture subjected to the ultrasonic dispersion treatment in the third step, uniformly mixing, drying, transferring into an extrusion granulator, extruding, granulating, and drying.
10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion in step three has an ultrasonic frequency of 15-20KHz, a dispersion speed of 7000r/min and a dispersion time of 1 h.
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Application publication date: 20210928 |