CN113430029A - 一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法 - Google Patents

一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法 Download PDF

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CN113430029A
CN113430029A CN202110698789.2A CN202110698789A CN113430029A CN 113430029 A CN113430029 A CN 113430029A CN 202110698789 A CN202110698789 A CN 202110698789A CN 113430029 A CN113430029 A CN 113430029A
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low
rank coal
surfactant
lignite
coal
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李宏亮
徐雯楠
孙玉金
李蕊
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Abstract

一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法，属于表面化学技术领域，可解决现有低阶煤在非水溶液环境下吸附表面活性剂的问题，将表面活性剂与低阶煤按比例混合，置于球磨机中搅拌，其中，低阶煤与表面活性剂的质量比为1g/1kg‑10g/1kg，球磨机的转速为100‑200rev/min，球磨时间为30‑50min。利用该方法能够实现干法低阶煤表面疏水改性，达到防止低阶煤在空气中吸附水分的目的，有利于低阶煤后续的干燥脱水。

Description

一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法
技术领域
本发明属于表面化学技术领域，具体涉及一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法。
背景技术
我国是煤炭消耗大国，在我国能源结构中占能源总消费的62%，已探明的低阶煤（褐煤、次烟煤）储量占煤炭总储量的55%以上。但是，低阶煤的某些性质特别是吸水能力强妨碍了其经济利用，例如较高的水分造成运输成本高、燃烧热值低等。现阶段采用蒸发干燥技术（例如转筒干燥、流化床干燥、微波干燥和太阳能干燥等）能够实现对褐煤进行干燥，进一步的，采用非蒸发技术（例如水热处理、溶剂脱水和机械热压脱水）能够较好的解决干燥水分的复吸问题，但是这些工艺流程的温度压力高，不但造成能耗高，而且生产工业废水难以回收。现阶段的低阶煤防止水分复吸工艺还不够完善，造成低阶煤无法高效开发利用。
通过表面活性剂对褐煤表面进行改性，提高褐煤表面的疏水性能够有效的防止褐煤表面水分的复吸。在公开的论文中，Xiaoyang Liu等人（Xiaoyang Liu, Shengyu Liu,Minqiang Fan, Lei Zhang, 2017. Decrease of hydrophilicity of lignite usingCTAB: Effects of adsorption differences of surfactant onto mineralcomposition and functional groups, 197. Pp. 474-481）发现通过将表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）吸附到褐煤的表面，褐煤的润湿热流线发生降低，说明褐煤表面的疏水性增强。进一步的，Shengyu Liu等人（Shengyu Liu, 2016. Wettabilitymodification and restraint of moisture re-adsorption oflignite using cationicgemini surfactant, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and EngineeringAspects, 508. pp. 286-293）指出当双亲型表面活性剂在褐煤表面的吸附降低褐煤的在空气中对水分的复吸作用大于CTAB。上述研究结果均表明表面活性剂在低阶煤表面的吸附能够有效的解决水分复吸问题，但是，上述试验中的褐煤对表面活性剂的吸附均是在较高的水分状态下实现的，例如Xiaoyang Liu及Shengyu Liu等人的脱水干燥是在褐煤浓度为1g/L的水溶液中进行的，类似的试验也出现在Yutao Liu等人的试验中，其褐煤浓度为2g/L（Yutao Liu，Shengyu Liu. 2017. Wettability Modification of Lignite byAdsorption of Dodecyl Based Surfactants for Inhibition of Moisture Re-adsorption, J Surfact Deterg 20:707–716），（Yutao Liu, Shengyu Liu. 2017.Wettability Modification of Lignite by Adsorption of AlkyltrimethylammoniumBromides with Different Alkyl Chain Length. Drying Technology.），在这种情况下在工业上进行脱水，无法形成工业应用。
发明内容
本发明针对现有低阶煤在非水溶液环境下吸附表面活性剂的问题，提供一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法，使得表面活性剂在干燥条件下吸附到低阶煤表面，因为现今对褐煤的分选主要以干选为主，该技术使得表面活性剂在低阶煤表面的吸附在工业上能够应用成为了可能。通过该方法，能够有效的防止低阶煤的水分复吸，并且通过表面改性技术，还能够提高后续的干燥脱水作业效率。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法，包括如下步骤：
将表面活性剂与低阶煤按比例混合，置于球磨机中搅拌，其中，低阶煤与表面活性剂的质量比为1g/1kg-10g/1kg，球磨机的转速为100-200rev/min，球磨时间为30-50min。
进一步地，所述表面活性剂包括双子型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB。
进一步地，所述低阶煤包括褐煤或次烟煤，粒度小于200μm。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明基于褐煤或次烟煤对表面活性剂的吸附特征，在低转速下利用球磨机搅拌，在极低的水分下，或无水环境下，药剂（如双子型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB）在磨矿机中与低阶煤颗粒充分混匀接触并发生吸附，药剂吸附在低阶煤颗粒表面上后，将低阶煤颗粒表面变为疏水性，帮助低阶煤的脱水及阻止干燥后的低阶煤发生水分的复吸。通过本发明技术方案处理后低阶煤的水分复吸显著降低，例如，在矿药比为1g/1kg时，采用本方法分别以Gemini型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB为药剂，能够将褐煤在98%的恒湿箱中复吸水分从25.9%分别降低到到9.58%、16.02%及14.65%，说明利用该方法能够达到低阶煤的水分复吸的目的，同时，通过将亲水强的低阶煤颗粒表面改变为疏水性，还能够提高低阶煤脱水的效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明药剂浓度为10g/1kg，褐煤98%的恒湿箱中随着时间的推移的复吸水分图。
图2为本发明明药剂浓度为1g/1kg，褐煤98%的恒湿箱中随着时间的推移的复吸水分图。
具体实施方式
本实施例所用褐煤为内蒙古巴彦淖尔矿褐煤。
机械化学法强化低阶煤表面疏水性防止水分复吸步骤如下：
分别以0.1gGEMI型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB为药剂，然后将100g粒度小于200μm的褐煤与药剂混合，置于磨矿机中在150rev/min的转速下搅拌40min，随后将褐煤取出，此时的褐煤表面已经吸附有表面活性剂，表面已经变为疏水性，水分子难以吸附在褐煤表面，褐煤表面会保持干燥状态达到防止褐煤复吸水分的目的。
为证实褐煤在空气中复吸水分的作用已经受到抑制，测定本实施例中褐煤蒙进入恒湿箱中后吸收水的质量。图1、图2分别为本实施例药剂浓度为10g/1kg及1g/1kg时GEMI型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB处理后褐煤在恒湿箱中吸收水的质量。由图1可知，通过本方法处理后的褐煤复吸水的质量少于原矿，其中药剂浓度为10g/1kg时，GEMI型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB在恒湿箱中复吸水45小时后，能够将复吸水的质量分别控制在9.58%、16.02%及14.65%；由图2可知，在药剂浓度为1g/L时，GEMI型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB在恒湿箱中复吸水45小时后，能够将复吸水的质量分别控制在12.69%、18.33%及16.50%。因此药剂用量调整在10g/1kg及1g/1kg之间均可抑制褐煤在空气中复吸水。

Claims (3)

1.一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
将表面活性剂与低阶煤按比例混合，置于球磨机中搅拌，其中，低阶煤与表面活性剂的质量比为1g/1kg-10g/1kg，球磨机的转速为100-200rev/min，球磨时间为30-50min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂包括双子型表面活性剂、OTAC或CTAB。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种机械化学法低阶煤表面疏水改性的方法，其特征在于：所述低阶煤包括褐煤或次烟煤，粒度小于200μm。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115404113A (zh) * 2022-09-29 2022-11-29 天津大学浙江研究院 疏水改性煤粉及其制备方法

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