CN113429894A - 一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113429894A
CN113429894A CN202110735021.8A CN202110735021A CN113429894A CN 113429894 A CN113429894 A CN 113429894A CN 202110735021 A CN202110735021 A CN 202110735021A CN 113429894 A CN113429894 A CN 113429894A
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sensitive adhesive
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孙智宁
刘金宝
杜飞
刘韶霞
程波
李世民
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Yuandahongyu Tangshan Waterproof Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及防水卷材技术领域,提出了一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,包括高分子片材层,改性热熔压敏胶层,设置于所述高分子片材层的一侧,还包括改性热熔压敏背胶条,设置于所述高分子片材层的另一侧,还包括无机减粘保护层,覆盖所述改性热熔压敏胶层。通过上述技术方案,解决了现有技术中高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材无法在低温多雨环境中施工的问题。

Description

一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材技术领域,具体的,涉及一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材及其制备方法。
背景技术
近十年来预铺反粘防水技术成为建筑防水领域最新推广技术之一,高分子自粘胶膜主要由主体片材(HDPE、TPO)、自粘胶层、无机颗粒减粘保护层组成,搭接边位置为主体片材、自粘胶层和隔离膜组成,搭接采用自粘搭接,主要适用地下底板防水、外发内贴防水部位,由于其不需要保护层即可进行结构底板施工,并与建筑结构底板可以实现反粘,解决地下窜水问题,成为市场上最炙手可热的产品之一。
高分子自粘胶膜常温下施工搭接部位效果很好,但冬季施工或雨季施工时,高分子自粘胶膜搭接边会受到雨水的或低温环境影响难以粘接,通过试验,现有高分子压敏胶在-10℃时搭接边剥离强度在0.3~0.5N/mm,在浸水2h后搭接边剥离强度在0.3~0.6N/mm,搭接边剥离强度难以满足GB/T23457-2017标准要求的0.8N/mm的要求,严重影响工程质量。
发明内容
本发明提出一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材及其制备方法,解决了现有技术中高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材无法在低温多雨环境中施工的问题。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,包括
高分子片材层,
改性热熔压敏胶层,设置于所述高分子片材层的一侧,
还包括改性热熔压敏背胶条,设置于所述高分子片材层的另一侧,
还包括无机减粘保护层,覆盖所述改性热熔压敏胶层。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述改性热熔压敏胶层具有未覆盖部,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条和所述未覆盖部分别位于所述高分子片材层的相对的两边。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,还包括隔离膜,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条上、所述未覆盖部上均设置有所述隔离膜。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条的宽度为8~10cm。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述无机减粘保护层由烧结反应砂或莫来砂组成,所述烧结反应砂和莫来砂均为20~80目;
所述高分子片材层的原料按照重量份包括以下组分:线性低密度聚乙烯15~20份、聚丙烯25~35份、高密度聚乙烯25~35份、聚烯烃弹性体POE 15~20份、白色母1~4份、抗氧母粒1~2份。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述改性热熔压敏胶层和改性热熔压敏背胶条均由改性热熔压敏胶组成,所述改性热熔压敏胶按照重量份包括以下组分:聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯20~30份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯5~10份、丁苯橡胶10~20份、萜烯树脂4~8份、松香树脂5~10份、环烷油20~30份、石油树脂5~8份、抗氧剂1~2份、附着力促进剂1~3份、水溶性胶粉3~8份。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述水溶性胶粉包括如下成分:聚乙烯醇、聚氧化乙烯、羟丙基纤维素,三者比例为1:1:3。
本发明还提出一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯、丁苯橡胶、萜烯树脂、松香树脂、环烷油、石油树脂、抗氧剂、附着力促进剂、水溶性胶粉搅拌并加热,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得改性热熔压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯、线性高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚烯烃、白色母和抗氧母粒混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将改性热熔压敏胶加热后均匀涂至高分子片材上,在中间部分覆烧结反应砂或莫来砂,单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上改性热熔压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述步骤S1中,将物料加热至185~190℃。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述步骤S6中,将改性热熔压敏胶加热至150~160℃。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述特种隔离膜为优珀斯F9001隔离膜。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、本发明针对低温或多雨环境从产品结构上进行调整,产品长边一边覆有背胶,另一边留有搭接边,在搭接时将背胶和搭接边的隔离膜揭除沿线搭接在一起即可。
2、本发明发现,防水卷材中通常采用的胶与片材的搭接,是影响水下搭接施工难度和力学性能的关键因素,因此发明人在高分子自粘胶膜卷材外形设置上增加了背胶,背胶采用和边胶相同的热熔压敏胶,在搭接时实现胶与胶的搭接,结合片材与压敏胶的改进,能够保证高分子压敏胶在浸水2h后的搭接边剥离强度达到0.8N/mm。
3、本发明所用的热熔压敏胶是经过改性处理后的热熔胶,改性热熔胶选用SBR进行改性,SBR丁苯橡胶与其他的橡胶相比,粘合性和低温柔性更加优异,通过加入SBR(丁苯橡胶)和萜烯树脂增加了热熔胶的低温初粘性。另外,为了实现水中搭接,通常利用的是疏水性组分,否则水溶性组分会水中溶解,反而无法实现水中搭接。但是发明人发现在热熔胶中加入了水溶性胶粉,通过水溶性胶粉的改性,热熔胶可在遇水情况下被水浸润提升粘结性能,可实现热熔胶在水中搭接,由于水溶性胶粉在水中会发生浸润溶胀,反而能提高高分子压敏胶在水中的粘结能力。
4、本发明在高分子片材生产过程中加入一定量的POE热塑性聚烯烃,这种材料的加入可显著提高高分子片材的表面能,增强了吸附能力。同时在热熔胶中加入附着力促进剂,提升高分子片材与热熔胶之间的粘合力。
5、本发明选用特种隔离膜,该种隔离膜热老化后硅油残余量较高,采用这种隔离膜生产制作的高分子片材,长时间储存不会因硅油的迁移造成热熔胶粘结性能下降,粘接强度保持率较高。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1为本发明防水卷材的结构图;
图2为图1中A的局部放大图;
图3为图1中B的局部放大图;
图4为本发明防水卷材使用时示意图。
图中201为无机减粘保护层,202为改性热熔压敏胶层,203为高分子片材层,204为改性热熔压敏背胶条,205为隔离膜。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都涉及本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例1~5与对比例1~4的防水卷材均采用以下结构。
一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,包括
高分子片材层203,
改性热熔压敏胶层202,设置于所述高分子片材层203的一侧,
还包括改性热熔压敏背胶条204,设置于所述高分子片材层203的另一侧,
还包括无机减粘保护层201,覆盖所述改性热熔压敏胶层202,且所述改性热熔压敏胶层202具有未覆盖部,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条204和所述未覆盖部分别位于所述高分子片材层203的相对的两边,
还包括隔离膜205,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条204上、所述未覆盖部上均设置有所述隔离膜205。
所述改性热熔压敏背胶条204的宽度为8~10cm。
一个防水卷材的改性热熔压敏背胶条和另一个防水卷材的未覆盖部搭接。
实施例1
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯20份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯5份、丁苯橡胶10份、萜烯树脂4份、松香树脂5份、环烷油20份、石油树脂5份、抗氧剂1份、附着力促进剂1份、水溶性胶粉3份搅拌并加热至185℃,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得高分子压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯15份、聚丙烯25份、高密度聚乙烯25份、聚烯烃弹性体POE15份、白色母1份、抗氧母粒1份混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将高分子压敏胶加热至150℃后均匀涂至高分子片材上,再中间部分覆烧结反应砂单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上高分子压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
实施例2
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯30份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯10份、丁苯橡胶20份、萜烯树脂8份、松香树脂10份、环烷油30份、石油树脂8份、抗氧剂2份、附着力促进剂3份、水溶性胶粉8份搅拌并加热至190℃,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得高分子压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯20份、聚丙烯35份、高密度聚乙烯35份、聚烯烃弹性体POE20份、白色母4份、抗氧母粒2份混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将高分子压敏胶加热至155℃后均匀涂至高分子片材上,再中间部分覆莫来砂单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上高分子压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
实施例3
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯28份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯6份、丁苯橡胶15份、萜烯树脂5份、松香树脂7份、环烷油25份、石油树脂6份、抗氧剂1份、附着力促进剂2份、水溶性胶粉5份搅拌并加热至190℃,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得高分子压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯20份、聚丙烯30份、高密度聚乙烯30份、聚烯烃弹性体POE17份、白色母2份、抗氧母粒1份混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将高分子压敏胶加热至160℃后均匀涂至高分子片材上,再中间部分覆烧结反应砂单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上高分子压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
实施例4
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯25份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯8份、丁苯橡胶16份、萜烯树脂6份、松香树脂8份、环烷油24份、石油树脂7份、抗氧剂1.5份、附着力促进剂2份、水溶性胶粉4份,搅拌并加热至188℃,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得高分子压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯17份、聚丙烯28份、高密度聚乙烯32份、聚烯烃弹性体POE18份、白色母3份、抗氧母粒1.5份,混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将高分子压敏胶加热至158℃后均匀涂至高分子片材上,再中间部分覆莫来砂单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上高分子压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
实施例5
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯24份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯7份、丁苯橡胶15份、萜烯树脂7份、松香树脂7份、环烷油28份、石油树脂6份、抗氧剂1份、附着力促进剂2.5份、水溶性胶粉6份,搅拌并加热至188℃,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得高分子压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯18份、聚丙烯32份、高密度聚乙烯36份、聚烯烃弹性体POE17份、白色母2份、抗氧母粒1份,混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将高分子压敏胶加热至158℃后均匀涂至高分子片材上,再中间部分覆烧结反应砂单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上高分子压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
对比例1
将实施例3中的丁苯橡胶用等量的天然橡胶代替,其他与实施例3相同。
对比例2
将实施例3中的萜烯树脂用等量的松香树脂代替其他与实施例3相同。
对比例3
不添加实施例3中的水溶性胶粉,其他与实施例3相同。
对比例4
将实施例3中的POE用等量的线性低密度聚乙烯代替,其他与实施例3相同。
对比例5
配方与实施例3相同,但是在对比例5的制备方法中不采用背胶,使用时使第一搭接边直接和片材搭接。
实施例与对比例的配方情况如表1所示。
表1实施例与对比例原料的组成
Figure BDA0003141281970000071
将实施例和对比例的按照《GB/T23457-2017预铺防水卷材》进行力学性能测试,测试结果如表2所示。
表2实施例与对比例的性能测试结果
Figure BDA0003141281970000072
Figure BDA0003141281970000081
对比例1中采用丁苯橡胶用等量的天然橡胶代替,高分子压敏胶的低温初粘性降低,剥离强度降低,而且如果用其他橡胶替代,也无法达到丁苯橡胶的效果。对比例2中萜烯树脂用等量的松香树脂代替,且不加入水溶性胶粉导致高分子压敏胶初粘性降低,在水下搭接和低温搭接剥离强度均较大幅度降低。对比例3中不加入水溶性胶粉导致高分子压敏胶初粘性降低,在水下搭接和低温搭接剥离强度均较大幅度降低,热熔胶不添加水溶性胶粉浸水后剥离强度大幅降低,这是由于本发明实施例中水溶性胶粉遇水膨胀粘性增高能够保证浸水后的剥离强度。对比例4片材不添加POE,搭接剥离强度有所降低,这是由于POE可以提高高分子片材的表面能,进行提高吸附能力增加剥离强度。对比例5中采用搭接边与无背胶搭接边搭接,在低温或多雨环境下使用搭接边剥离强度有无背胶影响最大,有背胶明显好于没有背胶。
在水下粘接过程中水溶性胶粉作用至关重要,将水分的影响因素变为促进粘接的因素,使剥离强度不受水分影响,其余萜烯树脂和丁苯橡胶使用是提升胶的低温初粘性和内聚力,使热熔胶在较低温度下保持粘接强度,片材中POE的使用是提升热熔胶于片材之间的粘接强度,通过以上多个因素共同作用可以使产品在低温及水下粘接可以满足标准常温条件下的要求。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,包括
高分子片材层(203),
改性热熔压敏胶层(202),设置于所述高分子片材层(203)的一侧,
还包括改性热熔压敏背胶条(204),设置于所述高分子片材层(203)的另一侧,
还包括无机减粘保护层(201),覆盖所述改性热熔压敏胶层(202)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,所述改性热熔压敏胶层(202)具有未覆盖部,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条(204)和所述未覆盖部分别位于所述高分子片材层(203)的相对的两边。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,还包括隔离膜(205),所述改性热熔压敏背胶条(204)上、所述未覆盖部上均设置有所述隔离膜(205)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,所述改性热熔压敏背胶条(204)的宽度为8~10cm。
5.根据权利要求2所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,所述无机减粘保护层(201)由烧结反应砂或莫来砂组成,所述烧结反应砂和莫来砂均为20~80目;
所述高分子片材层(203)的原料按照重量份包括以下组分:线性低密度聚乙烯15~20份、聚丙烯25~35份、高密度聚乙烯25~35份、聚烯烃弹性体POE 15~20份、白色母1~4份、抗氧母粒1~2份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,所述改性热熔压敏胶层(202)和改性热熔压敏背胶条(204)均由改性热熔压敏胶组成,所述改性热熔压敏胶按照重量份包括以下组分:聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯20~30份、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯5~10份、丁苯橡胶10~20份、萜烯树脂4~8份、松香树脂5~10份、环烷油20~30份、石油树脂5~8份、抗氧剂1~2份、附着力促进剂1~3份、水溶性胶粉3~8份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材,其特征在于,所述水溶性胶粉包括如下成分:聚乙烯醇、聚氧化乙烯、羟丙基纤维素,三者比例为1:1:3。
8.一种可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯、丁苯橡胶、萜烯树脂、松香树脂、环烷油、石油树脂、抗氧剂、附着力促进剂、水溶性胶粉搅拌并加热,待物料全部融化并搅拌均匀;
S2、真空脱泡;
S3、冷却降温,出料,制备得改性热熔压敏胶包装备用;
S4、将线性低密度聚乙烯、线性高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚烯烃、白色母和抗氧母粒混合搅拌均匀;
S5、混合均匀的物料挤出,成型,冷却,切边,最后收卷得到高分子片材收卷备用;
S6、将改性热熔压敏胶加热后均匀涂至高分子片材上,在中间部分覆烧结反应砂或莫来砂,单边覆隔离膜做为搭接边;
S7、在高分子片材背面另一边涂上改性热熔压敏胶,并覆隔离膜。
S8、收卷,包装。
9.根据权利要求8所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,将物料加热至185~190℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的可水下搭接的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S6中,将改性热熔压敏胶加热至150~160℃。
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