CN113428014A - Permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on passive damping magnet - Google Patents
Permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on passive damping magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN113428014A CN113428014A CN202110677546.0A CN202110677546A CN113428014A CN 113428014 A CN113428014 A CN 113428014A CN 202110677546 A CN202110677546 A CN 202110677546A CN 113428014 A CN113428014 A CN 113428014A
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims 1
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
- B61B13/08—Sliding or levitation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于被动阻尼磁体的永磁电动斥力悬浮系统，该系统系统包括轨道、车体、铺设于轨道上的导体板以及设置于车体上且用于悬浮导向和被动阻尼的功能磁体。其中，功能磁体包括悬浮刚度磁体、悬浮阻尼磁体、导向刚度磁体和导向阻尼磁体，为车体提供悬浮力、导向力和阻尼力。功能磁体安装于车体上，为Halbach永磁体阵列结构，跟随车体运动。功能磁体和轨道导体板相对运动产生涡流力，系统利用涡流斥力实现悬浮导向功能，以涡流阻力作为阻尼力。在不增加永磁电动斥力悬浮系统复杂度的情况下，本发明可有效的增强永磁电动斥力悬浮系统阻尼，提高系统的稳定性。
The present invention provides a permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on passive damping magnets. The system includes a track, a car body, a conductor plate laid on the track, and the functions of the car body for suspension guidance and passive damping. magnet. Among them, the functional magnets include suspension stiffness magnets, suspension damping magnets, guiding stiffness magnets and guiding damping magnets, which provide suspension force, guiding force and damping force for the vehicle body. The functional magnets are installed on the car body and are of a Halbach permanent magnet array structure, following the movement of the car body. The relative motion of the functional magnet and the track conductor plate generates eddy current force, and the system uses the eddy current repulsion force to realize the suspension guiding function, and the eddy current resistance is used as the damping force. Without increasing the complexity of the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system, the present invention can effectively enhance the damping of the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system and improve the stability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension, in particular to a permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on a passive damping magnet.
Background
The magnetic suspension system is a non-contact supporting method, suspends an object by means of electromagnetic force, overcomes the limitation of the traditional contact support, can be applied to high-speed motion working conditions such as a magnetic suspension train, aerospace auxiliary launching and the like, and is a novel future carrying mode. According to the suspension principle, magnetic suspension systems are mainly divided into electromagnetic attraction (EMS) and electric repulsion (EDS); the EMS suspension is realized by means of attraction between the electromagnet and the rail, and is inherently unstable, and necessary active control needs to be applied, so that the system is complex. The EDS suspension utilizes eddy current repulsion force generated by relative motion of the exciting magnet and the track conductor plate to perform suspension, has large suspension gap, simple structure and self-stability, and has obvious advantages compared with EMS suspension in the fields of high-speed transportation, aerospace and military. The EDS system is divided into a superconducting electrodynamic levitation system and a permanent magnet electrodynamic levitation system according to the difference of exciting magnets. The superconducting electric suspension system has the largest suspension clearance, but needs a refrigeration system, thereby increasing the cost and complexity of the system and reducing the reliability of the system. The permanent magnet electric suspension adopts the permanent magnet as an excitation magnet, does not need a power supply and a controller, and has simple structure and lower cost.
However, the electrodynamic suspension system has low stability, and is easy to vibrate and even destabilize when the system is disturbed, so additional damping needs to be designed for the electrodynamic suspension system. Currently, common damping methods are classified into active damping and passive damping. The active damping is generally an active coil, the damping force is adjusted by adjusting the current of the coil, the damping effect is good, but the acting air gap is small, a power supply, a sensor and a controller need to be added, the electrical complexity of the system is increased, and the advantages of large passive suspension air gap and simple structure are counteracted to a certain extent. The passive damping method is generally a passive induction coil, but the passive coil has limited damping effect and poor effect.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved suspension system based on passive damping magnets and permanent magnetic electrodynamic repulsion, which solves the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on a passive damping magnet, which can be applied to high-speed carrying systems such as magnetic-levitation trains, aerospace auxiliary launching and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on a passive damping magnet, which comprises a track, a vehicle body in suspension connection with the track, a conductor plate laid on the track and a functional magnet arranged on the vehicle body and used for suspension guiding and passive damping;
the car body comprises a car body upper frame, a car body side frame and a car body lower frame which are arranged at two ends of the car body upper frame in a bilateral symmetry mode and are connected in an L shape, and a car body suspension cavity which is formed by enclosing the car body upper frame, the car body side frame and the car body lower frame and is used for accommodating the conductor plate;
the functional magnets comprise suspension rigidity magnets and guide damping magnets which are respectively arranged on the upper vehicle body frame and the lower vehicle body frame in an up-down symmetrical mode, and guide rigidity magnets and suspension damping magnets which are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the side frames of the vehicle body in a left-right symmetrical mode;
the conductor plate includes an upper conductor plate, a side conductor plate, and a lower conductor plate provided corresponding to the functional magnet, respectively; and the eddy force generated by the relative motion of the functional magnet and the conductor plate is utilized to realize the functions of suspension guiding and damping.
As a further improvement of the invention, the suspension stiffness magnet, the guide damping magnet, the guide stiffness magnet and the suspension damping magnet are made of the same material and are arranged according to a Halbach array.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the levitation stiffness magnet, the guidance damping magnet, the guidance stiffness magnet, and the levitation damping magnet are mounted on the vehicle body independently of each other.
As a further improvement of the invention, the suspension stiffness magnet and the guide damping magnet are compounded in a predetermined intersection structure according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a first compound functional magnet with dual functions of suspension and guide damping; the first compound function magnet multiplexes the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the suspension stiffness magnet and the guide damping magnet.
As a further improvement of the invention, the guiding rigidity magnet and the suspension damping magnet are compounded in a predetermined intersection structure according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a second compound functional magnet with double functions of guiding and suspension damping; and the second compound functional magnet reuses the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the guide stiffness magnet and the suspension damping magnet.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic path closing direction of the levitation stiffness magnet is along the moving direction of the vehicle body, and the levitation stiffness magnets are provided corresponding to the upper conductor plate and the lower conductor plate, respectively.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide damping magnet is a guide lateral direction along the vehicle body; the guide damping magnets are respectively arranged corresponding to the upper conductor plate and the lower conductor plate.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide stiffness magnet is along the moving direction of the vehicle body; the guide rigidity magnets are respectively arranged corresponding to the side conductor plates symmetrically arranged left and right.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic circuit closing direction of the suspension damping magnet is a suspension vertical direction along the vehicle body; the suspension damping magnets are respectively arranged corresponding to the side conductor plates symmetrically arranged at the left and right.
As a further improvement of the invention, the conductor plate is a conductive non-magnetic conductive material; the track is a non-magnetic material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on the passive damping magnet realizes suspension guiding and damping functions by using eddy force generated by relative motion of the functional magnet and the conductor plate. The suspension rigidity magnet and the guide rigidity magnet provide suspension rigidity and guide rigidity by using eddy repulsion force, so that the vehicle body is suspended in a non-contact manner. When the vehicle body is disturbed to generate vibration, the guide damping magnet and the suspension damping magnet prevent the vehicle body from vibrating by using eddy resistance, so that the vehicle body is recovered to be stable. Under the combined and synergistic effect of the four functional magnets with different functions, the suspension system can realize the multi-degree-of-freedom stable work of vertical, transverse, rolling, yawing and pitching.
2. The permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on the passive damping magnet can effectively increase the permanent magnet electric suspension damping, quickly attenuate system oscillation caused by disturbance and improve the system stability. Compared with the electric suspension system with the active damping function in the prior art, the electric suspension system saves a power supply, a sensor and a controller, reduces the complexity of the system and improves the reliability of the system; the passive damping magnet and the rigid magnet are made of the same structural materials and are similar in structure, so that the system integration is improved; and a Halbach magnet array is adopted as a damping magnet structure, so that the magnetic density is improved, and the damping effect is good.
3. According to the passive damping magnet-based permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system, different functional magnets on the same installation surface are combined to construct a first compound functional magnet and a second compound functional magnet, permanent magnets (magnet units) with the same magnetizing directions of different types of functional magnets are reused, and the passive damping magnet-based permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system has the advantages of reducing the weight of the magnets and reducing the installation size.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a passive damping magnet-based permanent magnetic electrodynamic repulsion levitation system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of a passive damping magnet-based permanent magnetic electrodynamic repulsion levitation system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the suspension system based on the passive damping magnets and the permanent magnetic electrodynamic repulsion force of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the passive damping magnet-based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system for suppressing the yawing of the vehicle body according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a comparison of damping effects of the suspension damping magnet under external force disturbance in the systems provided in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1.
Fig. 6 is a graph comparing the damping effect of the guide damping magnet under the excitation of the track irregularity in the system provided by the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the suspension system based on the passive damping magnets and the permanent magnetic electrodynamic repulsion force of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the suspension system based on the permanent magnetic electrodynamic repulsion force of the passive damping magnet of the embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1-a vehicle body; 11-a vehicle body upper frame; 12-a vehicle body side frame; 13-a vehicle body lower frame; 14-a vehicle body suspension cavity; 2-a track; 3-a guided damping magnet; 3' -a guided damping magnet; 4-a suspended damping magnet; 4' -a suspended damping magnet; 5-a track conductor plate; 51-an upper conductor plate; 52-side conductor plate; 53-lower conductor plate; 6-a suspended rigid magnet; 6' -a suspended rigid magnet; 7-a guided stiffness magnet; 7' -oriented rigid magnet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a passive damping magnet-based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system, which includes a track 2, a vehicle body 1 connected to the track 2 in a levitation manner, a conductor plate 5 laid on the track 2, and a functional magnet disposed on the vehicle body 1 and used for levitation guidance and passive damping.
Referring to fig. 1, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle body upper frame 11, a vehicle body side frame 12 and a vehicle body lower frame 13 which are arranged at two ends of the vehicle body upper frame 11 in a bilateral symmetry manner and are connected in an L shape, and a vehicle body suspension cavity 14 which is enclosed by the vehicle body upper frame 11, the vehicle body side frame 12 and the vehicle body lower frame 13 and is used for accommodating the conductor plate 5.
The conductor plate 5 includes an upper conductor plate 51, a side conductor plate 52, and a lower conductor plate 53 provided corresponding to the functional magnets, respectively; the eddy force generated by the relative movement of the functional magnet and the conductor plate 5 is utilized to realize the functions of suspension guiding and damping.
The conductor plate 5 is a conductive non-magnetic conductive material and can be a whole conductor plate or a closed conductor coil and the like; the track 2 is a non-magnetic conducting material.
Further, the conductor plate 5 is solid copper. Wherein the conductor plate 5 is mounted in alignment with the corresponding functional magnet, the conductor plate 5 being dimensioned to cover the functional magnet over the range of motion of the vehicle body 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the functional magnets include a suspension stiffness magnet 6 and a guide damping magnet 3 respectively disposed on the upper vehicle body frame 11 and the lower vehicle body frame 13 in an up-down symmetrical manner, and a guide stiffness magnet 7 and a suspension damping magnet 4 respectively disposed on the inner walls of the side vehicle body frames 12 in a left-right symmetrical manner.
In this embodiment, the four different types of functional magnets, namely the suspension stiffness magnet 6, the guide damping magnet 3, the guide stiffness magnet 7 and the suspension damping magnet 4, are made of the same material and are arranged in a Halbach array.
Furthermore, the functional magnet is composed of 5 or 9 permanent magnets (magnet units) according to a Halbach magnetizing mode; the air gap between the functional magnet and the conductor plate 5 is typically no more than 20mm and the thickness of the conductor plate 5 is selected according to the system performance requirements and typically no more than 20 mm.
Referring to fig. 2, the suspension stiffness magnet 6, the guide damping magnet 3, the guide stiffness magnet 7 and the suspension damping magnet 4 are independent from each other and are mounted on the vehicle body 1 in different directions; the specific installation mode and functions are as follows:
the magnetic circuit closing direction of the suspension stiffness magnet 6 is along the moving direction of the vehicle body 1, and the suspension stiffness magnet 6 is respectively arranged corresponding to the upper conductor plate 51 and the lower conductor plate 53. The levitation stiffness magnet 6 provides the primary levitation force.
The magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide damping magnet 3 is a guide transverse direction along the vehicle body 1; the guide damping magnets 3 are provided corresponding to the upper conductor plate 51 and the lower conductor plate 53, respectively. The guide damping magnet 3 provides a guide direction damping force.
The magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide stiffness magnet 7 is along the movement direction of the vehicle body 1; the guide rigid magnets 7 are provided corresponding to the side conductor plates 52 provided symmetrically in the left-right direction. The guide stiffness magnet 7 provides the main guide force.
The closing direction of the magnetic circuit of the suspension damping magnet 4 is along the suspension vertical direction of the vehicle body 1; the suspension damping magnets 4 are provided to correspond to the side conductor plates 52 provided in bilateral symmetry. The levitation damping magnet 4 is mainly used to provide a levitation-direction damping force.
In this embodiment, the track conductor plates corresponding to the levitation stiffness magnet 6 and the guidance damping magnet 3 are reusable, and the track conductor plates corresponding to the guidance stiffness magnet 7 and the levitation damping magnet 4 are reusable.
In the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on the passive damping magnet provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention, the suspension guiding and damping functions are realized by using the eddy force generated by the relative motion of the functional magnet and the conductor plate 5. The suspension rigidity magnet 6 and the guide rigidity magnet 7 provide suspension and guide rigidity by using eddy repulsion force, so that the vehicle body 1 is suspended in a non-contact manner. When the vehicle body is disturbed to generate vibration, the guide damping magnet 3 and the suspension damping magnet 4 prevent the vehicle body 1 from vibrating by using eddy resistance, so that the vehicle body 1 is recovered to be stable; under the combined and synergistic effect of the four functional magnets with different functions, the suspension system can realize the multi-degree-of-freedom stable work of vertical, transverse, rolling, yawing and pitching. As shown in fig. 4, the functional magnets are arranged in four-point symmetry, so that rolling, yawing, and pitching of the vehicle body can be effectively suppressed. Taking yaw as an example, the vehicle body 1 rotates, the air gap of the steering side guide rigidity magnet 7 is reduced, the guide force is increased, the resultant torque hinders the vehicle body 1 to rotate, and meanwhile, the damping torque generated by the four point guide damping magnets 3 provides yaw damping torque.
Meanwhile, the passive damping magnet 3/4 is similar to the rigid magnet 6/7 in material structure, so that the integration of the system is improved; and a Halbach magnet array is adopted as a damping magnet structure, so that the magnetic density is improved, and the damping effect is good.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is a comparative example in which no damping magnet is added, that is, the unguided damping magnet 3 and the levitation damping magnet 4.
The damping effect of example 1 and comparative example 1 was verified by a test platform, and fig. 5 is a comparison of the damping effect of a suspended damping magnet under external force disturbance. The test results show that the addition of the damping magnet shortens the adjustment time of the suspension system from 3.8s to 1s, reduces the adjustment time by 73%, and reduces the overshoot from 34.5% to 22.8%.
FIG. 6 is a comparison of the damping effect of the guided damping magnets under non-smooth excitation of the track with the control of comparative example 1 without damping magnets. The test results show that the vibration amplitude of the system is reduced by 8.5 times by adding the damping magnet to the wire.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 7, embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a passive damping magnet-based suspension system with permanent magnet and electric repulsive force, which includes a track 2, a vehicle body 1 connected to the track 2 in a suspension manner, a conductor plate 5 laid on the track 2, and a functional magnet arranged on the vehicle body 1 and used for suspension guidance and passive damping.
The vehicle body 1 comprises a vehicle body upper frame 11, a vehicle body side frame 12 and a vehicle body lower frame 13 which are arranged at two ends of the vehicle body upper frame 11 in a bilateral symmetry manner and are connected in an L shape, and a vehicle body suspension cavity 14 which is formed by enclosing the vehicle body upper frame 11, the vehicle body side frame 12 and the vehicle body lower frame 13 and is used for accommodating the conductor plate 5.
The conductor plate 5 includes an upper conductor plate 51, a side conductor plate 52, and a lower conductor plate 53 provided corresponding to the functional magnets, respectively; the eddy force generated by the relative movement of the functional magnet and the conductor plate 5 is utilized to realize the functions of suspension guiding and damping.
The conductor plate 5 is a conductive non-magnetic conductive material; the track 2 is a non-magnetic conducting material.
Further, the conductor plate 5 is an aluminum plate.
Referring to fig. 7, the functional magnets include a suspension stiffness magnet 6 'and a guidance damping magnet 3' respectively disposed on the upper vehicle body frame 11 and the lower vehicle body frame 13 in an up-down symmetrical manner, and a guidance stiffness magnet 7 and a suspension damping magnet 4 respectively disposed on the inner wall of the side vehicle body frame 12 in a left-right symmetrical manner.
In this embodiment, the suspension stiffness magnet 6', the guide damping magnet 3', the guide stiffness magnet 7, and the suspension damping magnet 4 are made of the same material and are arranged in a Halbach array.
Referring to fig. 7, the suspension stiffness magnet 6 'and the guide damping magnet 3' are intersected and compounded according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a first compound functional magnet with dual functions of suspension and guide damping; the first compound functional magnet multiplexes the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the levitation stiffness magnet 6 'and the guidance damping magnet 3'.
Specifically, the Halbach magnet array is generally formed by 5 magnets in one period (one pole pair), and the system rigidity and the length (pole pair number) and width of the damping magnet are determined according to the required rigidity and damping size of the system and the installation space. Taking suspension stiffness as an example, the suspension stiffness magnet in fig. 7 is only shown in a cycle schematic, and in practice, the stiffness force generated by a single mass magnet is certain, and in order to meet the system requirements, the number of pole pairs of the magnet or the width of the magnet can be increased according to the compromise of the installation space. In a vehicle system, a space in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle body is generally large, and therefore, a levitation stiffness magnet and a guidance stiffness magnet are long (a plurality of pairs of poles), and a levitation and guidance damping magnet is wide (generally, a pair of poles). Since the two multiplexing needs to have the same size of the single block, the damping magnet may be split into a plurality of pieces along the width direction according to the actual requirement of the system.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the guide damping magnet 3 'in example 2 is split into 2 pieces and is combined with the suspension stiffness magnet 6' to form a single unit
The patterns intersect.
The magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide stiffness magnet 7 is along the movement direction of the vehicle body 1; the guide rigid magnets 7 are provided corresponding to the side conductor plates 52 provided symmetrically in the left-right direction. The guide stiffness magnet 7 provides the main guide force.
The closing direction of the magnetic circuit of the suspension damping magnet 4 is along the suspension vertical direction of the vehicle body 1; the suspension damping magnets 4 are provided to correspond to the side conductor plates 52 provided in bilateral symmetry. The levitation damping magnet 4 is mainly used to provide a levitation-direction damping force.
In the present embodiment, the first complex functional magnet is a magnet unit in which permanent magnets (magnet units) having the same magnetization direction are multiplexed with different types of functional magnets, and thus has advantages of reducing the weight of the magnet and reducing the mounting size.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 8, embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a passive damping magnet-based suspension system with permanent magnet and electric repulsive force, which includes a track 2, a vehicle body 1 connected to the track 2 in a suspension manner, a conductor plate 5 laid on the track 2, and a functional magnet arranged on the vehicle body 1 and used for suspension guidance and passive damping.
The vehicle body 1 comprises a vehicle body upper frame 11, a vehicle body side frame 12 and a vehicle body lower frame 13 which are arranged at two ends of the vehicle body upper frame 11 in a bilateral symmetry manner and are connected in an L shape, and a vehicle body suspension cavity 14 which is formed by enclosing the vehicle body upper frame 11, the vehicle body side frame 12 and the vehicle body lower frame 13 and is used for accommodating the conductor plate 5.
The conductor plate 5 includes an upper conductor plate 51, a side conductor plate 52, and a lower conductor plate 53 provided corresponding to the functional magnets, respectively; the eddy force generated by the relative movement of the functional magnet and the conductor plate 5 is utilized to realize the functions of suspension guiding and damping.
The conductor plate 5 is a conductive non-magnetic conductive material; the track 2 is a non-magnetic conducting material.
Further, the conductor plate 5 is an aluminum plate.
Referring to fig. 8, the functional magnets include a suspension stiffness magnet 6 and a guide damping magnet 3 respectively disposed on the upper vehicle body frame 11 and the lower vehicle body frame 13 in an up-down symmetrical manner, and a guide stiffness magnet 7 'and a suspension damping magnet 4' respectively disposed on the inner wall of the side vehicle body frame 12 in a left-right symmetrical manner.
In this embodiment, the four different types of functional magnets, namely the suspension stiffness magnet 6, the guide damping magnet 3, the guide stiffness magnet 7 'and the suspension damping magnet 4', are made of the same material and are arranged in a Halbach array.
Referring to fig. 8, the guiding rigid magnet 7 'and the suspension damping magnet 4' are intersected and compounded according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a second compound functional magnet with dual functions of guiding and suspension damping; the second compound function magnet reuses the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the guide stiffness magnet 7 'and the suspension damping magnet 4'.
Specifically, the Halbach magnet array is generally formed by 5 magnets in one period (one pole pair), and the system rigidity and the length (pole pair number) and width of the damping magnet are determined according to the required rigidity and damping size of the system and the installation space. Taking the guide stiffness as an example, the guide stiffness magnet in fig. 8 is only shown in a cycle, and actually, the stiffness force generated by a single mass magnet is certain, and in order to meet the system requirements, the number of pole pairs of the magnet or the width of the magnet is increased according to the compromise of the installation space. In a vehicle system, a space in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle body is generally large, and therefore, a levitation stiffness magnet and a guidance stiffness magnet are long (a plurality of pairs of poles), and a levitation and guidance damping magnet is wide (generally, a pair of poles). Since the two multiplexing needs to have the same size of the single block, the damping magnet may be split into a plurality of pieces along the width direction according to the actual requirement of the system.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the levitation damping magnet 4 'in example 3 is split into 2 pieces and combined with the guide stiffness magnet 7' to form a single unit
The patterns intersect.
The magnetic circuit closing direction of the suspension stiffness magnet 6 is along the moving direction of the vehicle body 1, and the suspension stiffness magnet 6 is respectively arranged corresponding to the upper conductor plate 51 and the lower conductor plate 53. The levitation stiffness magnet 6 provides the primary levitation force.
The magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide damping magnet 3 is a guide transverse direction along the vehicle body 1; the guide damping magnets 3 are provided corresponding to the upper conductor plate 51 and the lower conductor plate 53, respectively. The guide damping magnet 3 provides a guide direction damping force.
In the present embodiment, the second complex functional magnet is a magnet unit in which permanent magnets (magnet units) having the same magnetization direction are multiplexed with different types of functional magnets, and thus has advantages of reducing the weight of the magnet and reducing the mounting size.
Example 4
The embodiment 4 of the invention provides a passive damping magnet-based permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system, which comprises a track 2, a vehicle body 1 connected with the track 2 in a suspension manner, a conductor plate 5 laid on the track 2 and a functional magnet arranged on the vehicle body 1 and used for suspension guiding and passive damping.
The vehicle body 1 comprises a vehicle body upper frame 11, a vehicle body side frame 12 and a vehicle body lower frame 13 which are arranged at two ends of the vehicle body upper frame 11 in a bilateral symmetry manner and are connected in an L shape, and a vehicle body suspension cavity 14 which is formed by enclosing the vehicle body upper frame 11, the vehicle body side frame 12 and the vehicle body lower frame 13 and is used for accommodating the conductor plate 5.
The conductor plate 5 includes an upper conductor plate 51, a side conductor plate 52, and a lower conductor plate 53 provided corresponding to the functional magnets, respectively; the eddy force generated by the relative movement of the functional magnet and the conductor plate 5 is utilized to realize the functions of suspension guiding and damping.
The conductor plate 5 is a conductive non-magnetic conductive material; the track 2 is a non-magnetic conducting material.
The functional magnets comprise suspension rigidity magnets 6 and guide damping magnets 3 which are respectively arranged on the upper vehicle body frame 11 and the lower vehicle body frame 13 in an up-down symmetrical mode, and guide rigidity magnets 7 and suspension damping magnets 4 which are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the side vehicle body frames 12 in a left-right symmetrical mode.
The four different types of functional magnets of the suspension stiffness magnet 6, the guide damping magnet 3, the guide stiffness magnet 7 and the suspension damping magnet 4 are made of the same material and are arranged according to a Halbach array.
The suspension stiffness magnet 6 and the guide damping magnet 3 are intersected and compounded according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a first compound functional magnet with dual functions of suspension and guide damping; the first compound function magnet multiplexes the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the suspension stiffness magnet 6 and the guide damping magnet 3.
The guiding rigidity magnet 7 and the suspension damping magnet 4 are intersected and compounded according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a second compound functional magnet with double functions of guiding and suspension damping; the second compound function magnet reuses the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the guide stiffness magnet 7 and the suspension damping magnet 4.
In summary, the present invention provides a permanent-magnet electrodynamic repulsion suspension system based on passive damping magnets, which includes a track, a vehicle body, a conductor plate laid on the track, and a functional magnet disposed on the vehicle body and used for suspension guidance and passive damping. The functional magnets comprise suspension stiffness magnets, suspension damping magnets, guide stiffness magnets and guide damping magnets, and provide suspension force, guide force and damping force for the vehicle body. The functional magnet is arranged on the vehicle body, is of a Halbach permanent magnet array structure and moves along with the vehicle body. The function magnet and the track conductor plate move relatively to generate eddy force, the system realizes the suspension guide function by using eddy repulsion force, and eddy resistance is used as damping force. Under the condition of not increasing the complexity of the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system, the damping of the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system can be effectively enhanced, and the stability of the system is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electronic repulsion suspension of permanent magnetism based on passive damping magnet which characterized in that: the permanent magnet electric repulsion suspension system based on the passive damping magnet comprises a track (2), a vehicle body (1) connected with the track (2) in a suspension mode, a conductor plate (5) laid on the track (2) and a functional magnet arranged on the vehicle body (1) and used for suspension guiding and passive damping;
the vehicle body (1) comprises a vehicle body upper frame (11), a vehicle body side frame (12) and a vehicle body lower frame (13) which are arranged at two ends of the vehicle body upper frame (11) in a bilateral symmetry mode and are connected in an L shape, and a vehicle body suspension cavity (14) which is formed by enclosing the vehicle body upper frame (11), the vehicle body side frame (12) and the vehicle body lower frame (13) and is used for accommodating the conductor plate (5);
the functional magnets comprise suspension rigidity magnets (6) and guide damping magnets (3) which are respectively arranged on the upper vehicle body frame (11) and the lower vehicle body frame (13) in an up-down symmetrical manner, and guide rigidity magnets (7) and suspension damping magnets (4) which are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the side vehicle body frames (12) in a left-right symmetrical manner;
the conductor plate (5) includes an upper conductor plate (51), a side conductor plate (52), and a lower conductor plate (53) provided corresponding to the functional magnet, respectively; the eddy force generated by the relative movement of the functional magnet and the conductor plate (5) is utilized to realize the functions of suspension guiding and damping.
2. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 1, characterized in that: the suspension stiffness magnet (6), the guide damping magnet (3), the guide stiffness magnet (7) and the suspension damping magnet (4) are made of the same material and are arranged according to a Halbach array.
3. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the suspension stiffness magnet (6), the guide damping magnet (3), the guide stiffness magnet (7) and the suspension damping magnet (4) are independently mounted on the vehicle body (1) according to a preset magnetic circuit closing direction.
4. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the suspension stiffness magnet (6) and the guide damping magnet (3) are compounded in a preset intersection structure according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a first compound functional magnet with dual functions of suspension and guide damping; the first compound function magnet multiplexes the magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the suspension stiffness magnet (6) and the guide damping magnet (3).
5. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the guide stiffness magnet (7) and the suspension damping magnet (4) are compounded in a preset intersection structure according to different magnetic circuit closing directions to form a second compound functional magnet with double functions of guide and suspension damping; and the second compound functional magnet is used for multiplexing magnet units in the same magnetizing direction in the guide stiffness magnet (7) and the suspension damping magnet (4).
6. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the magnetic circuit closing direction of the suspension stiffness magnet (6) is along the movement direction of the vehicle body (1), and the suspension stiffness magnet (6) is arranged corresponding to the upper conductor plate (51) and the lower conductor plate (53) respectively.
7. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the closing direction of the magnetic circuit of the guide damping magnet (3) is the guide direction along the vehicle body (1); the guide damping magnet (3) is provided corresponding to the upper conductor plate (51) and the lower conductor plate (53), respectively.
8. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the magnetic circuit closing direction of the guide stiffness magnet (7) is the moving direction along the vehicle body (1); the guide stiffness magnets (7) are respectively arranged corresponding to the side conductor plates (52) which are arranged in bilateral symmetry.
9. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 2, characterized in that: the closing direction of the magnetic circuit of the suspension damping magnet (4) is the suspension direction along the vehicle body (1); the suspension damping magnets (4) are respectively arranged corresponding to the side conductor plates (52) which are arranged in bilateral symmetry.
10. The passive damping magnet based permanent magnet electrodynamic repulsion levitation system of claim 1, characterized in that: the conductor plate (5) is a conductive non-magnetic conductive material; the track (2) is made of non-magnetic materials.
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