CN113426461B - 银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
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- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
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- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,本发明所述的方法在超声条件下,硝酸银溶解于水中,以蒸馏水为分散介质,硫酸亚铁和硝酸锌分散到溶解有硝酸银的尿素溶液中,形成热力学稳定的体系;利用氟化铵和氧基‑丙氧基‑乙氧基两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)作为调节试剂,调节银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒晶面,经过水热反应得到最终产物;在用磁铁提取到具有磁响应性能的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,用无水乙醇洗涤,干燥,即可得到具有宽光谱响应的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料。本发明所述的方法中,磁性粒子生成、氟化铵和F127的晶面调整、尿素的水解同步进行,有效简化了复合材料制备的工序,缩短了工艺周期,降低了成本,有利于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光催化技术领域,具体的说是一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,大量新型半导体材料因其优异的光催化和光电催化性能而得到开发利用,这对缓解燃料短缺和环境污染问题具有重要意义。这些半导体光催化剂(包括TiO2、ZnFe2O4、g-C3N4、MoS2等)在太阳能电池、有机污染物光催化降解和光催化析氢等领域的应用受到了广泛的关注和考虑。通过一种新的技术,光催化主体可以有效地将太阳能转化为化学能,并起到净化环境的作用,具有低污染、高效、制备简单等优点。为了提升材料的光催化性能,常用的做法是将几种不同物理化学性质和光学响应的材料组合,使其构成异质结结构。由于材料之间的相互作用,可以产生新的光响应特性,这有利于光生载体的转移,因此在开发新材料和提高光催化活性方面应用较多。
铁酸锌是一种常见的光催化剂,近年来得以广泛研究。但是其自身作为光催化剂的不足之处在于,一是比表面积较小,对太阳光的吸收效率有限;二是光生电子和空穴分离速率慢,导致光催化性能不能达到理想的效果。为了解决铁酸锌在太阳光下的光催化活性及比表面积较小问题,提高铁酸锌在可见光下的光催化活性,人们作了大量的工作,主要有半导体复合,金属掺杂,非金属掺杂,共掺杂和贵金属沉积等方式。利用硝酸银溶液作为掺杂剂,将贵金属银离子掺杂进入ZnFe2O4中。既能提高ZnFe2O4材料的催化性能,又解决了光生电子和空穴分离慢的难题,同时还能降低光催化剂的成本。
近年来的研究发现,采用在材料晶体形成过程中进行化学调控,改变晶体材料的晶面结构,是一种优化材料光催化性能的有效途径。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有宽光谱响应性能的铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法。通过化学试剂调控粒子的生长趋势,从而影响材料的晶面结构,通过贵金属银掺杂进而提高光催化性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案为:
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将摩尔质量比为1:2的硝酸锌和硫酸亚铁加入质量体积浓度为0.5g/L的尿素溶液中,再加入硝酸银,硝酸银与硝酸锌的摩尔质量比为3:10,超声5min,搅拌15-30min,使硫酸亚铁和硝酸锌均匀分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将6-12毫摩尔氟化铵和8-14毫摩尔氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声5-10min,再将溶液加入到体积为50mL的反应釜中,放入烘箱中180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥8h后得到银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,可以实现使所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料为不具有(001)晶面和(111)晶面的球形银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料,或者为只具有(001)晶面的立方体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,或者为只具有(111)晶面的八面体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,或者为(001)晶面和(111)晶面共存的截断八面体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒。
优选的,所述步骤三所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料的粒径为800-1100nm。
优选的,所述步骤二所使用的反应釜为可在反应过程中通入惰性气体的聚四氟乙烯反应釜。
本发明所述的方法在超声条件下,硝酸银溶解于水中,以蒸馏水为分散介质,硫酸亚铁和硝酸锌分散到溶解到有硝酸银的尿素溶液中,形成热力学稳定的体系;利用氟化铵和氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)作为调节试剂,调节银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒晶面,经过水热反应得到最终产物;在用磁铁提取到具有磁响应性能的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,用无水乙醇洗涤,干燥,即可得到具有宽光谱响应的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料。
氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)是非离子型表面活性剂,属于聚醚的一种,F127为雪花薄片状的固体。F127的分子式为EO106PO70EO106,其中EO表示乙氧基,PO表示丙氧基,EO嵌段的亲水性强于PO嵌段,在水中形成胶束以PO嵌段为内核,EO嵌段为壳层。F127中的三种含氧基团会选择性吸附于银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒的每一晶面上,从而改变各晶面的结晶动力学行为,产生晶体形貌上的差异。
本发明通过F127和氟化铵的使用,有利于银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒中尖晶石多面体的取向生长和(111)晶面的保留.所制备的多面体在碱性和紫外光照条件下对四环素具有很好的催化活性和降解效果,显示出潜在的应用价值。
本发明所述的方法中,银掺杂磁性粒子生成、尿素的水解及氟化铵和F127对纳米粒子晶面的调整同步进行,有效简化了复合材料制备的工序,缩短了工艺周期,降低了成本,有利于工业化生产。
本发明所述的方法解决了光催化剂固液分离困难的问题,在可见光催化降解有机废水中具有很好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是含有不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料的XRD图;
图2是含有不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料的DRS光谱图;
图3是含有不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料的带隙值;
图4是含有不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料SEM图;
图5是含有不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料的光催化性能测试图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例和产出物的检测对本发明所述的方法进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素加入50毫升蒸馏水中配制成质量体积浓度为0.5g/L的尿素溶液,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和1.5mmol的硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌15min,硝酸银溶解于水中,硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将6mmol氟化铵、8mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声5min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥12h后得到银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料为不具有(001)晶面和(111)晶面的球形银掺杂铁酸锌纳米粒子,平均粒径为800nm。
实施例2
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素加入50毫升蒸馏水中配制成质量体积浓度为0.5g/L的尿素溶液,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和1.5mmol的硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌20min,硝酸银溶解于水中,硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将8mmol氟化铵、10mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声8min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥10h后得到银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料为只具有(001)晶面的立方体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,平均粒径为950nm。
实施例3
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素加入50毫升蒸馏水中配制成质量体积浓度为0.5g/L的尿素溶液,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和1.5mmol的硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌15min,硝酸银溶解于水中,硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将10mmol氟化铵、12mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声10min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥12h后得到银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料为(001)晶面和(111)晶面共存的截断八面体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,平均粒径为1.06μm。
实施例4
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素加入50毫升蒸馏水中配制成质量体积浓度为0.5g/L的尿素溶液,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和1.5mmol的硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌15min,硝酸银溶解于水中,硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将12mmol氟化铵、14mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声8min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥12h后得到银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料为具有(111)晶面的八面体铁酸锌纳米粒子,平均粒径为1.1μm。
对比例1
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素添入50毫升蒸馏水中,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和4mmol的硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌15min,使硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌和硝酸银分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将6mmol氟化铵、8mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声5min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥12h后得到铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的铁酸锌纳米材料为球形铁酸锌纳米粒子,平均粒径为920nm。
对比例2
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:步骤中所使用的物料以物质的量mmol计:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素添入50mL蒸馏水中,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和4mmol硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌20min,使硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌和硝酸银分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将8mmol氟化铵、10mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声8min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥8h后得到铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的铁酸锌纳米材料为球形铁酸锌纳米粒子,平均粒径为980nm。
对比例3
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:步骤中所使用的物料以物质的量mmol计:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素添入50mL蒸馏水中,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和4mmol硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌15min,使硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌和硝酸银分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将10mmol的氟化铵、12mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声10min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥8h后得到铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的铁酸锌纳米材料为球形铁酸锌纳米粒子,平均粒径为980nm。
对比例4
一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:步骤中所使用的物料以物质的量mmol计:
步骤一、将4mmol尿素添入50mL蒸馏水中,再将5mmol硝酸锌、10mmol硫酸亚铁和4mmol硝酸银加入所配置的尿素溶液中,超声5min,搅拌15min,使硫酸亚铁、硝酸锌和硝酸银分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将12mmol的氟化铵、14mmol氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声8min,将溶液加入到体积为50mL的聚四氟乙烯反应釜的内衬中,再放入反应釜中,通氮气后在180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥8h后得到铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,本实施例所制备的铁酸锌纳米材料为球形铁酸锌纳米粒子,平均粒径为996nm。
从对比例1-4的产物可以看出,当加入的硝酸银与硝酸锌的比例为8:10时,铁酸锌纳米粒子最终的形貌都呈现球形,这表明硝酸银过量时,会影响铁酸锌纳米粒子晶面的形成。
以实施例1至实施例4所制备的铁酸锌纳米材料为样品,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS)、扫描电镜SEM和光催化测试等方式对本发明制备的局域宽光谱响应性能的光催化纳米材料的结构及性能进行分析说明。
1、XRD分析
图1为不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4样品的XRD谱图。所有的峰都归属于立方尖晶石银掺杂ZnFe2O4,在银掺杂的ZnFe2O4样品中没有观察到ZnO和Fe2O3等杂质相。此外,不同晶面的银掺杂ZnFe2O4的峰值强度相似,说明晶面的改变对银掺杂ZnFe2O4的结晶度没有明显的改变。
采用Scherrer公式(D=Kλ/βcosθ)计算晶粒尺寸,其中D为估算的晶粒尺寸,β为积分半高宽度,θ为衍射角,λ为X射线波长(0.15418μm),K是一个常数(K=0.89)。
不同晶面银掺杂ZnFe2O4的平均粒径分别为800nm、950nm、1.06μm、1.1μm。平均粒径的变化表明,氟化铵和F127的加入改变了晶体生长机制。虽然各个峰值位置变化不大,这是因为银掺杂对峰值的影响较低,在XRD谱图中很难识别晶格中的不同的峰,解决了纳米粒子的团聚问题和原位插层问题,与传统方法相比具有明显的优势。
2、DRS光谱分析
采用紫外-可见DRS法测定样品的光学性质。从图2可以看出,与银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米颗粒相比,不同的晶面对银掺杂ZnFe2O4样品可见光吸收区光学性质有显著影响。与球形银掺杂ZnFe2O4相比,截断八面体的银掺杂ZnFe2O4杂化体的能带边缘位置出现了较小的红移。截断八面体银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米颗粒对可见光的吸收能力增强,表明其在可见光照射下对目标反应具有较高的光催化活性。通过基于Kubelka Munk函数与光能量的转换得到的图如图3所示。估计样品的带隙值约为1.90和1.40eV,分别对应于截断八面体银掺杂ZnFe2O4和银掺杂的截断八面体银掺杂ZnFe2O4。紫外-可见DRS结果表明,银掺杂ZnFe2O4杂化产物在可见光照射下激发产生更多的光催化电荷,提高了光催化性能。这种类似的现象可以归因于半导体和贵金属离子之间的界面相互作用。
3、SEM分析
通过FE-SEM对合成的不同银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米颗粒的形貌进行了表征,如图4所示,SEM图像实验结果清楚地显示出形成了如图4a球形银掺杂ZnFe2O4(ZFO(S))和(001)晶面较多的图4b中的立方体银掺杂ZnFe2O4(ZFO(C)),其水热反应时间较短,热力学稳定性较高。图4c和图4d的扫描电镜图像清楚地显示,截断的八面体银掺杂ZnFe2O4(ZFO(T))有8个(111)晶面和6个(001)晶面。八面体银掺杂ZnFe2O4(ZFO(O))被八个(111)晶面包围,形成八面体结构。可以看到氟化铵和F127在调节晶面中起到了重要的作用,在调节时,这两种试剂不同的比例可以使铁酸锌纳米材料形成不同的晶面。根据对比例可以看出,当硝酸银与硝酸锌的比例为8:10时,铁酸锌纳米粒子最终的形貌都呈现球形。
4、光催化性能测试
借助XPA-7型光催化反应器,在可见光和近红外光照射下对四环素的降解,评价了合成的催化剂的光催化性能。采用300w Xe灯(中角锦源,Cell-HXF300)作为光源,配有420nm和760nm的切割滤光片。将30mmol光催化剂放入50ml,浓度为2mmol/l的四环素溶液中。辐照前,在黑暗中持续搅拌30min,以达到吸附与解吸的平衡。在一定的辐照间隔时间,离心后收集3ml悬浮液,去除残留颗粒。在最大吸收峰(288nm)处,用紫外可见分光光度计测定残留四环素的相关浓度。四环素降解的表观速率常数(k)计算公式如下:
式中,k为四环素降解的表观速率常数,t为反应时间,C0为光催化反应前四环素的吸光度;Ct为光催化反应后四环素的吸光度。
图5曲线为制备的磁响应含有不同晶面银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料的光催化测试。由图5可知,在光催化降解60min时,球形ZnFe2O4纳米材料的四环素降解率为9.27%,截断八面体ZnFe2O4材料对水中的四环素催化降解率为83.05%。截断八面体银掺杂ZnFe2O4材料对水中的四环素催化降解率为94.8%。这表明银掺杂有利于光催化性能的提升。通过光催化性能测试实验分析发现,两种纳米材料与空白实验相比都具有良好的光催化性能。可见,所制备的含有不同晶面银掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米材料都具有良好的光催化性能。
Claims (3)
1.一种银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将摩尔质量比为1:2的硝酸锌和硫酸亚铁加入质量体积浓度为0.5g/L的尿素溶液中,再加入硝酸银,硝酸银与硝酸锌的摩尔质量比为3:10,超声5min,搅拌15-30min,使硫酸亚铁和硝酸锌均匀分散在尿素溶液中;
步骤二、将6-12毫摩尔氟化铵和8-14毫摩尔氧基-丙氧基-乙氧基形成的两性三嵌段聚合物(F127)加入到步骤一所制备的混合溶液中,超声5-10min,再将溶液加入到体积为50mL的反应釜中,放入烘箱中180℃反应12h,得到含有氟化铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌及其他杂质的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子;
步骤三、用磁铁提取、收集步骤二所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子,将所收集的银掺杂铁酸锌磁性粒子用无水乙醇反复洗涤,去除表面杂质,干燥8h后得到银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料;
经检测,可以实现使所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料为不具有(001)晶面和(111)晶面的球形银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料,或者为只具有(001)晶面的立方体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,或者为只具有(111)晶面的八面体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒,或者为(001)晶面和(111)晶面共存的截断八面体银掺杂铁酸锌纳米颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤三所制备的银掺杂铁酸锌纳米材料的粒径为800-1100nm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的银掺杂多晶面铁酸锌光催化纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二所使用的反应釜为可在反应过程中通入惰性气体的聚四氟乙烯反应釜。
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