CN113424833A - Carya male flower thinning agent and male flower thinning method - Google Patents
Carya male flower thinning agent and male flower thinning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113424833A CN113424833A CN202110854013.5A CN202110854013A CN113424833A CN 113424833 A CN113424833 A CN 113424833A CN 202110854013 A CN202110854013 A CN 202110854013A CN 113424833 A CN113424833 A CN 113424833A
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- 239000012749 thinning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 241000723418 Carya Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000005472 Bensulfuron methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XMQFTWRPUQYINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bensulfuron-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CS(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC)=CC(OC)=N1 XMQFTWRPUQYINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N (1E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001548 androgenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- HBEMYXWYRXKRQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(8-methoxyoctoxy)propyl-methyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane Chemical compound COCCCCCCCCOCCC[Si](C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C HBEMYXWYRXKRQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001453450 Carya illinoinensis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- RXCPQSJAVKGONC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flumetsulam Chemical compound N1=C2N=C(C)C=CN2N=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=C(F)C=CC=C1F RXCPQSJAVKGONC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- DARPYRSDRJYGIF-PTNGSMBKSA-N (Z)-3-ethoxy-2-naphthalen-2-ylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)C(\C#N)=C/OCC)=CC=C21 DARPYRSDRJYGIF-PTNGSMBKSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- GNHDVXLWBQYPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N saflufenacil Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)N(C)C(C)C)=CC(N2C(N(C)C(=CC2=O)C(F)(F)F)=O)=C1F GNHDVXLWBQYPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000758791 Juglandaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The invention provides a hickory male flower thinning agent and a male flower thinning method, and relates to the technical field of agriculture. The hickory male flower thinning agent provided by the invention comprises at least one of a male flower thinning agent A, a male flower thinning agent B or a male flower thinning agent C. Wherein the male flower thinning agent A is suitable for thinning male flowers just germinated; the male flower thinning agent B is suitable for thinning male flowers with the longest flower catkin length reaching 35-50% of the mature period; the male flower thinning agent C is suitable for thinning male flowers with the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers reaching more than 50% of the mature period. The male flower thinning agent A, the male flower thinning agent B and the male flower thinning agent C can be used independently or in combination, and the effect of thinning and removing the male flowers is optimal when the three are used in combination. The hickory male flower thinning agent has low cost, high thinning efficiency and good safety, is beneficial to improving the hickory yield, meets the requirements for hybrid seeds in production and reduces the yield difference of large and small years.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a hickory male flower thinning agent and a male flower thinning method.
Background
Carya illinoensis is originally produced in the United states and the northern part of Mexico, and nutlets of the Carya illinoensis are delicious and non-astringent, have excellent wood material quality, and are precious fruit and wood which are also used as ecological and economic tree species. The male flowers of apocarya are very vigorous in development, and the pollen quantity of the apocarya is far beyond the pollination requirement. The excessive bloom of the male flowers not only consumes a large amount of nutrients and water, but also is one of the main factors causing the problem of the big and small years of the output of the carya illinoensis nuts. Moreover, apocarya is a tall tree, which is expensive and unsafe to manually detassel, and it is therefore necessary to select an appropriate male flower detassel agent to inhibit excessive development of male flowers.
Chemical emasculation is an important research content in the fields of plant crossbreeding, fruit high yield and the like, and aims to solve the problem of high cost caused by artificial emasculation. Due to the differences of different plant evolutions and the different mechanisms of flower organ differentiation, development and formation, the chemical emasculation methods are different among different families and genera, so that the selection and configuration methods of chemicals are greatly different.
At present, no medicament related to castration (castration) of the carya exists in the prior art.
Carya illinoensis and Carya illinoensis belong to the same genus and different genera of Juglandaceae (Juglanda citrifolia). The adaptability to the environment and the growth rhythm have great difference. Development of walnut strips and other organs. Therefore, the problem of excessive male flowers of apocarya species cannot be directly and effectively solved in the prior art.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a hickory male flower thinning agent to solve at least one of the above problems.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for thinning male flowers by adopting the hickory male flower thinning agent, which is simple and convenient and can effectively realize thinning of the hickory male flowers.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hickory male flower thinning agent, comprising at least one of a male flower thinning agent a, a male flower thinning agent B or a male flower thinning agent C;
the male flower thinning agent A is an aqueous solution containing 0.5-1.5 wt% of bensulfuron methyl and 0.3-0.8 wt% of uniconazole;
the male flower thinning agent B is an aqueous solution containing 0.3-1.0 wt% of saflufenacil and 0.01-0.03 wt% of mepiquat chloride;
the male flower thinning agent C is an aqueous solution containing 0.05-0.15 wt% of bensulfuron methyl, 0.5-1.0 wt% of flumetsulam and 0.05-0.1 wt% of silwet-L77.
As a further technical scheme, the male flower thinning agent A is an aqueous solution containing 0.5-1.5 wt% of bensulfuron methyl and 0.5-0.8 wt% of uniconazole.
As a further technical scheme, the male flower thinning agent A is an aqueous solution containing 0.5-1.0 wt% of bensulfuron methyl and 0.8 wt% of uniconazole.
As a further technical solution, the hickory genus comprises pecan nutshell.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for thinning male flowers by using the pecan male flower thinning agent, which comprises at least one of the following steps a, b or c:
a. spraying a male flower thinning agent A when the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers is 0.5-2 cm;
b.a, after finishing the step 4-6 days or when the longest floc length of the male flowers reaches 35-50% of the mature period, spraying a male flower thinning agent B;
c.b after finishing the step 4-6 days or when the longest catkin length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period, spraying a male flower thinning agent C.
In the step a, the step b or the step c, the spraying time is independently 10-15 hours.
As a further technical scheme, a mist sprayer is adopted for spraying;
the spraying sequence is from the upper part to the lower part of the carya.
As a further technical scheme, if rainfall occurs within 8 hours after the male flower thinning agent A is sprayed, the male flower thinning agent A is sprayed in a supplementing manner the next day.
As a further technical scheme, if rainfall occurs within 4 hours after the male flower thinning agent B is sprayed, the male flower thinning agent B is additionally sprayed the next day.
As a further technical scheme, if rainfall occurs within 4 hours after the male flower thinning agent C is sprayed, the male flower thinning agent C is additionally sprayed the next day.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the hickory male flower thinning agent provided by the invention comprises at least one of a male flower thinning agent A, a male flower thinning agent B or a male flower thinning agent C. Wherein the male flower thinning agent A is suitable for thinning male flowers just germinated; the male flower thinning agent B is suitable for thinning male flowers with the longest flower catkin length reaching 35-50% of the mature period; the male flower thinning agent C is suitable for thinning male flowers with the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers reaching more than 50% of the mature period. The male flower thinning agent A, the male flower thinning agent B and the male flower thinning agent C can be used independently or in a matched mode, the three can be used in a matched mode, and the male flower thinning agent A, the male flower thinning agent B and the male flower thinning agent C can be used for better thinning male flowers when the male flower thinning agent A, the male flower thinning agent B and the male flower thinning agent C are used in different male flower periods. The hickory male flower thinning agent has low cost, high male flower thinning efficiency and good safety, has no influence on the development of plant spore leaf balls and branches and leaves, is beneficial to improving the hickory yield, meets the requirements on hybrid seeds in production and reduces the yield difference of big and small years.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the size of a male inflorescence when a male flower thinning agent A is sprayed and the effect after spraying;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the size of the male inflorescence when the male flower thinning agent B is sprayed and the effect after spraying;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the size of the male inflorescence when the male flower thinning agent C is sprayed and the effect after spraying.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments and examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those who do not specify the conditions are performed according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hickory male flower thinning agent, comprising at least one of a male flower thinning agent a, a male flower thinning agent B or a male flower thinning agent C;
in the androgenic thinning agent A, the content of bensulfuron-methyl may be, for example, but not limited to, 0.5 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.3 wt%, or 1.5 wt%; the content of uniconazole can be, for example, but not limited to, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, or 0.8 wt%. The male flower thinning agent A is suitable for thinning male flowers just germinated.
In the androgenic thinning agent B, the saflufenacil may be present in an amount of, for example, but not limited to, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, or 1.0 wt%; the content of mepiquat chloride may be, for example, but not limited to, 0.01 wt%, 0.02 wt%, or 0.03 wt%. The male flower thinning agent B is suitable for thinning male flowers with the longest flower catkin length reaching 35-50% of the mature period.
In the androgenic thinning agent C, the bensulfuron-methyl may be present in an amount of, for example, but not limited to, 0.5 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.3 wt%, or 1.5 wt%; the content of flumetsulam may be, for example, but not limited to, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, or 1.0 wt%; the amount of silwet-L77 can be, for example, but is not limited to, 0.05 wt%, 0.06 wt%, 0.07 wt%, 0.08 wt%, 0.09 wt%, or 0.1 wt%. The male flower thinning agent C is suitable for thinning male flowers with the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers reaching more than 50% of the mature period.
In the present invention, the male flower thinning agent a, the male flower thinning agent B, and the male flower thinning agent C may be used alone or in combination. For example, the male flower thinning agent A and the male flower thinning agent B are used in combination; the male flower thinning agent A and the male flower thinning agent C are matched for use; the male flower thinning agent B and the male flower thinning agent C are matched for use; the male flower thinning agent A, the male flower thinning agent B and the male flower thinning agent C are used in a matching way. The three are used in a matching way, and the male flower thinning agent is respectively applied to different male flower florescence to better realize the thinning of the male flowers.
The hickory male flower thinning agent provided by the invention has the following effects:
1. the cost is reduced and the efficiency is improved. The manual castration speed is slow, the time is long and the cost is expensive; the adoption of the male flower thinning medicament can obviously reduce the labor cost and greatly improve the efficiency.
2. Improving the yield of nuts and reducing the yield difference of big and small years. The excessive male flowers cause nutrient substances and young flowering branches with grown megaspore leaf bulbs, and the flowering branches can be damaged if the operation is slightly improper in the artificial castration process, so that the number of the megaspore leaf bulbs is reduced, and the yield of hybrid seeds is influenced; when the microspore phyllosphere is manually stripped, the problems of incomplete stripping, remaining pollen and the like often exist, and the seed production quality is influenced; the scheme of the invention has no influence on the growth of the megaspore leaf spheres and branches and leaves, is ecological and safe, and has the emasculation rate of 100 percent; overcomes the defects of artificial emasculation, improves the seed yield and meets the requirements of hybrid seeds in production.
In some preferred embodiments, the androgenic thinning agent A is an aqueous solution containing 0.5 to 1.5 wt% bensulfuron-methyl and 0.5 to 0.8 wt% uniconazole.
In some preferred embodiments, the androgenic thinning agent A is an aqueous solution containing 0.5 to 1.0 wt% bensulfuron-methyl and 0.8 wt% uniconazole.
By further optimizing and adjusting the content of bensulfuron methyl and uniconazole in the male flower thinning and removing agent A, the effect of thinning and removing male flowers is better, and the increase of cost caused by excessive new male flowers in the later period is reduced.
In some preferred embodiments, the pecan species includes, but is not limited to, apocarya, preferably apocarya.
The invention aims to solve the problem that the male flowers of apocarya are excessive, and the excessive open male flowers cause the large consumption of water and nutrients, thereby influencing the maturing rate. Therefore, the male flowers are effectively removed, the utilization efficiency of nutrients and water can be improved, and the phenomenon of 'big and small years' of yield caused by excessive nutrient consumption can be relieved. However, the thinning efficiency is not easy to be too high, the pollination efficiency is influenced, and an irretrievable situation is caused. Therefore, the male flower thinning rate of the carya illinoensis is preferably kept between 45 and 65 percent.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for thinning male flowers by using the pecan male flower thinning agent, which comprises at least one of the following steps a, b or c:
a. when the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers is 0.5-2 cm (namely the male flowers start to germinate), spraying a male flower thinning and removing agent A;
b.a, after finishing the step 4-6 days or when the longest floc length of the male flowers reaches 35-50% of the mature period, spraying a male flower thinning agent B;
c.b after finishing the step 4-6 days or when the longest catkin length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period, spraying a male flower thinning agent C.
In the method for thinning and removing the male flowers, the step a, the step b or the step c can be used independently or cooperatively. Specific male flower thinning methods are exemplified as follows:
spraying a male flower thinning agent A when the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers is 0.5-2 cm;
when the longest flower-floc length of the male flowers reaches 35-50% of the mature period, independently spraying a male flower thinning agent B;
when the longest flower-floc length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period, independently spraying a male flower thinning agent C;
if the male flower thinning agent A is sprayed, newly growing male flowers, and growing the male flowers to be larger (the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers reaches 35-50% of the mature period), the thinning effect of the male flower thinning agent A is obviously reduced, and at the moment, the male flower thinning agent B can be sprayed in a matching manner;
if the male flower thinning agent A is sprayed, newly growing male flowers, and growing the male flowers to be larger (the longest flower-floc length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period), the thinning effect of the male flower thinning agent A is obviously reduced, and at the moment, the male flower thinning agent C can be sprayed in a matching manner;
if the male flower thinning agent A is not sprayed, after the male flower thinning agent B is sprayed when the longest flower-floc length of the male flowers reaches 35% -50% of the mature period, the male flowers are thinned to an unsatisfactory state, and when the male flowers grow larger (the longest flower-floc length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period), the male flower thinning agent B can be sprayed in a matching manner;
if the male flower thinning and removing agent A is sprayed, newly growing male flowers, obviously reducing the thinning and removing effect of the male flower thinning and removing agent A when the male flowers grow larger (the longest flower-like length of the male flowers reaches 35% -50% of the mature period), spraying the male flower thinning and removing agent B, if the male flower thinning and removing agent B is sprayed, thinning and removing the male flowers to be in an ideal state, and spraying the male flower thinning and removing agent C when the male flowers grow larger (the longest flower-like length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period).
The steps a, b and c are matched for use, and different male flower thinning and removing agents are sprayed aiming at different male flower florescence so as to better realize the thinning and removing of the male flowers.
In some preferred embodiments, the spraying time in the step a, the step b or the step c is 10 to 15 hours. Spraying the male flower thinning agent during this period of time facilitates the thinning of the male flowers.
In some preferred embodiments, the spray is applied using a mist sprayer, which facilitates uniform application of the thinning agent to the shoots.
The spraying sequence is from the upper part to the lower part of the carya, so that the uneven distribution of the thinning agent is avoided.
In some preferred embodiments, if there is rainfall within 8 hours after spraying the male flower thinning agent a, the spraying of the male flower thinning agent a is supplemented the next day; the rainwater does not have obvious influence after spraying for 8 hours.
In some preferred embodiments, if there is rainfall within 4 hours after spraying the male flower thinning agent B, the spraying of the male flower thinning agent B is supplemented the next day; the rainwater after spraying for 4 hours has no obvious influence.
In some preferred embodiments, the next day the spraying of the male flower thinning agent C is supplemented if there is rainfall within 4 hours after the spraying of the male flower thinning agent C; the rainwater after spraying for 4 hours has no obvious influence.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and comparative examples, but it should be understood that these examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Examples 1 to 9
Examples 1-9 all provide an androgenic thinning agent a having bensulfuron-methyl and uniconazole as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
1.0 wt% strength bensulfuron-methyl solution.
Comparative example 2
1.0% by weight uniconazole solution.
Test example 1
Selecting a newly opened apocarya male flower (when the longest catkin length of the male flower is 0.5-2 cm), spraying the medicaments of examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-2, observing the thinning and removing effect of the male flower (3 repetitions of each group of experiments and 30 male inflorescences of each repetition) in 3 days, recording that the male flower does not continue to develop as thinned and removing, recording that the male flower continues to grow as not thinned and counting the thinning and removing rate. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1(A, spraying when the longest length of the male flower is 0.5-2 cm; B, the male flower begins to turn brown and wither; C, the male inflorescence dies and falls off by touch).
TABLE 1 compositions and male flower thinning rates of the agents of examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-2
The experimental results show that the thinning rate of the male flowers when the bensulfuron methyl and the uniconazole are used in a matching way is obviously superior to that when the bensulfuron methyl or the uniconazole are used alone, which indicates that the bensulfuron methyl and the uniconazole have a synergistic effect in the aspect of thinning and removing the male flowers. The proportion of each component in the male flower thinning agent A provided by the invention has a great influence on the output rate of male flowers, and the male flower thinning agent with a proper concentration proportion can be selected to be sprayed according to actual conditions. When the flower thinning and emasculating agent is used, examples 5-9 can be selected for different thinning and emasculating efficiencies, but in order to have higher thinning and emasculating effects in the later period, the examples 7 or 8 with higher thinning and emasculating effects are generally selected to reduce the excessive new male flowers in the later period, which leads to the increase of the cost.
Examples 10 to 18
Examples 10 to 18 all provide an androgenic thinning agent B with saflufenacil and mepiquat chloride contents as shown in table 2.
Comparative example 3
A 0.02 wt% concentration of mepiquat chloride solution.
Comparative example 4
Saflufenacil solution with a concentration of 0.7 wt%.
Test example 2
Selecting large-growing apocarya male flowers (the longest catkin length of the male flowers is 35% -50% of the mature period), spraying the medicaments of examples 10-18, comparative examples 3-4 and example 4, observing the thinning and removing effect of the male flowers (counting 50 male inflorescences in each group of test) in 3 days, and marking that the male flowers do not continue to grow and 50% of the area of the male inflorescences is black as thinned and removed; the male flowers continue to produce, the black dead parts are recorded as non-thinning parts when the parts are less than 50 percent, and finally, the thinning rate is counted. The results are shown in Table 2 and FIG. 2(A, when the longest length of the male flower catkin reaches 35% -50% of the mature period, B, the male flower begins to turn brown and wither, C, the male inflorescence turns brown, withers and dies).
TABLE 2 compositions and male flower thinning rates of the agents of examples 10-18, comparative examples 3-4 and example 4
| Saflufenacil/wt% | Mepiquat chloride/wt% | Male flower thinning rate/%) | |
| Example 10 | 0.3 | 0.01 | 26.7±0.9 |
| Example 11 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 28.7±9.0 |
| Example 12 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 33.3±2.5 |
| Example 13 | 0.7 | 0.01 | 42.0±1.6 |
| Example 14 | 0.7 | 0.02 | 76.0±3.3 |
| Example 15 | 0.7 | 0.03 | 56.7±2.5 |
| Example 16 | 1.0 | 0.01 | 41.7±11.9 |
| Example 17 | 1.0 | 0.02 | 51.3±2.5 |
| Example 18 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 42.0±3.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0 | 0.02 | 5.3±1.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.7 | 0 | 4.0±1.6 |
| Example 4 | / | / | 13.3±5.2 |
As can be seen from the results in table 2, firstly, the thinning rate of the large apocarya male flowers (the longest flower-like length of the male flowers is 35% to 50% of the mature period) grown by spraying the male flower thinning agent a provided in example 4 is significantly reduced, and therefore, the male flower thinning agent a provided by the present invention is not suitable for thinning the large apocarya male flowers (the longest flower-like length of the male flowers is 35% to 50% of the mature period).
Secondly, the thinning rate of the male flowers when the saflufenacil and the mepiquat chloride are used in a matched mode is obviously superior to that when the saflufenacil or the mepiquat chloride are used alone, and the saflufenacil and the mepiquat chloride have a synergistic effect in the aspect of thinning and removing the male flowers.
Combining the analysis, if the thinning agent A is not used when the male inflorescence just germinates in time, or the male flower thinning agent A is used, a new male flower grows, and the grown male flower is large (the longest flower-like length of the male inflorescence reaches 35-50% of the mature period), different proportioning schemes of the male flower thinning agent B can be selected according to actual conditions, so that the male flower quantity is controlled.
Examples 19 to 30
Examples 19-30 each provide an androgenic thinning agent C having bensulfuron-methyl, flumetsulam and silwet-L77 in the amounts shown in table 3.
Comparative example 5
An aqueous solution containing 0.1% bensulfuron-methyl and 0.03% silwet-L77.
Comparative example 6
An aqueous solution containing 1.0% flumetsulam and 0.03% silwet-L77.
Test example 3
Selecting large-growing apocarya male flowers (the longest catkin length of the male flowers is more than 50% of the mature period), spraying the medicaments of examples 19-30 and comparative examples 5-6, observing the thinning and removing effect of the male flowers (counting 50 male inflorescences in each group of test) in 3 days, and marking that 30-50% of the area of the male inflorescences is black and is marked as thinned and removed; and (5) recording that the dead part of the male catkin is less than 30% as non-thinning-out, and finally counting the thinning-out rate. The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG. 3(A, when the longest length of the male flower floc reaches 50% or more of the mature period, B, when the lower part of the male inflorescence begins to turn brown and wither, C, when most of the male inflorescence turns black brown and dies).
TABLE 3 compositions and Male flower thinning rates of the agents of examples 19-30 and comparative examples 5-6
| Bensulfuron methyl/wt% | Flumetsulam/wt% | silwet-L77/wt％ | Male flower thinning rate/%) | |
| Example 19 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.03 | 32.7±4.1 |
| Example 20 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.03 | 36.0±3.3 |
| Example 21 | 0.15 | 0.5 | 0.03 | 35.3±4.1 |
| Example 22 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.05 | 42.7±6.2 |
| Example 23 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.05 | 43.3±3.4 |
| Example 24 | 0.15 | 0.5 | 0.05 | 47.3±6.2 |
| Example 25 | 0.05 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 54±3.3 |
| Example 26 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 60.7±6.6 |
| Example 27 | 0.15 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 58.7±4.1 |
| Example 28 | 0.05 | 1.0 | 0.05 | 63.3±2.5 |
| Example 29 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.05 | 72±4.9 |
| Example 30 | 0.15 | 1.0 | 0.05 | 68.7±2.5 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.03 | 7.3±1.9 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 15.3±6.8 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the ratio of the male flower thinning and removing by combining the bensulfuron methyl, the flumetsulam and the silwet-L77 is obviously superior to that of the single use of the bensulfuron methyl or the flumetsulam, which shows that the bensulfuron methyl, the flumetsulam and the silwet-L77 have the synergistic effect in the aspect of thinning and removing the male flowers.
The male flower thinning agent C is suitable for the period when the male flower is in vigorous development, and the male inflorescence is mature (the longest flower catkin length of the male flower is more than 50% of the mature period). The male flower thinning agent C provided in example 29 may be selected if the early stage has not been treated with either male flower thinning agent A or male flower thinning agent B, or has been treated with a thinning agent, but the male inflorescence is still vigorous: a combination of 0.1% bensulfuron-methyl + 1.0% flumetsulam + 0.05% silwet-L77. If the prior period has been treated with a thinning agent but the effect is not as expected, a combination with a lower thinning effect may be selected, for example the male flower thinning agent C provided in example 19: 0.05 percent of bensulfuron methyl, 0.5 percent of flumetsulam and 0.03 percent of silwet-L77, and further improves the effect of male flower treatment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hickory male flower thinning agent is characterized by comprising at least one of a male flower thinning agent A, a male flower thinning agent B or a male flower thinning agent C;
the male flower thinning agent A is an aqueous solution containing 0.5-1.5 wt% of bensulfuron methyl and 0.3-0.8 wt% of uniconazole;
the male flower thinning agent B is an aqueous solution containing 0.3-1.0 wt% of saflufenacil and 0.01-0.03 wt% of mepiquat chloride;
the male flower thinning agent C is an aqueous solution containing 0.05-0.15 wt% of bensulfuron methyl, 0.5-1.0 wt% of flumetsulam and 0.05-0.1 wt% of silwet-L77.
2. The hickory androgenic thinning agent of claim 1, wherein the androgenic thinning agent a is an aqueous solution comprising 0.5-1.5 wt% bensulfuron methyl and 0.5-0.8 wt% uniconazole.
3. The hickory androgenic thinning agent of claim 2, wherein said androgenic thinning agent a is an aqueous solution comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 wt% bensulfuron methyl and 0.8 wt% uniconazole.
4. The hickory male flower thinning agent according to claim 1, wherein the hickory comprises pecan nutshell.
5. The method for thinning male flowers using the hickory male flower thinning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least one of the following steps a, b or c:
a. spraying a male flower thinning agent A when the longest flower catkin length of the male flowers is 0.5-2 cm;
b.a, after finishing the step 4-6 days or when the longest floc length of the male flowers reaches 35-50% of the mature period, spraying a male flower thinning agent B;
c.b after finishing the step 4-6 days or when the longest catkin length of the male flowers reaches more than 50% of the mature period, spraying a male flower thinning agent C.
6. The method for thinning male flowers according to claim 5, wherein the spraying time in the step a, the step b or the step c is 10 hours to 15 hours independently.
7. The male flower thinning method according to claim 5, wherein spraying is carried out using a mist sprayer;
the spraying sequence is from the upper part to the lower part of the carya.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the spraying of the male flower thinning agent A is supplemented the next day if there is rainfall within 8 hours after the spraying of the male flower thinning agent A.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the spraying of the male flower thinning agent B is supplemented the next day if there is rainfall within 4 hours after the spraying of the male flower thinning agent B.
10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the spraying of the male flower thinning agent C is supplemented the next day if there is rainfall within 4 hours after the spraying of the male flower thinning agent C.
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| CN1117343A (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-02-28 | 安徽农学院 | Multifunctional rice seed coating agent |
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