CN113418817A - Farmland raise dust automatic monitoring device - Google Patents
Farmland raise dust automatic monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113418817A CN113418817A CN202110581909.0A CN202110581909A CN113418817A CN 113418817 A CN113418817 A CN 113418817A CN 202110581909 A CN202110581909 A CN 202110581909A CN 113418817 A CN113418817 A CN 113418817A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/02—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind erosion monitoring, and particularly relates to an automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device which comprises a fixing device, a flying dust collecting device, a weighing module, a meteorological monitoring module, a data collecting module and a solar power supply module, wherein the flying dust collecting device comprises a lower bearing seat 4, a vertical pipe 5, a wind vane 6, a wind sand collecting pipe 15, a balancing weight 14, a spacer sleeve 17, a bearing 16 and an upper bearing seat 12; the wind vane 6 and the wind sand collecting pipe 15 are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical pipe 5, when the wind vane 6 rotates along with wind, the wind sand collecting pipe 15 can be opposite to the wind direction, and sand dust blown by the wind enters the vertical pipe 5 through the wind sand collecting pipe 15, so that the collection of wind sand weight data is realized. The invention can automatically adjust the direction of the sand wind collecting pipe according to the wind direction, reduce the error of the sand wind collecting amount to the maximum extent, automatically weigh the sand wind collecting amount, monitor at any time and increase the meteorological environment monitoring function.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of wind power erosion monitoring, in particular to an automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device.
Background
Soil wind erosion is one of the main causes of nutrient loss of farmlands, soil wind erosion causes soil particles rich in nutrient substances on the soil surface to be blown and eroded by wind, and the soil particles on the surface of the farmlands become coarse, so that the land productivity is remarkably reduced. Meanwhile, desertification land can be formed when the soil is seriously weathered. The soil wind erosion not only causes harm to the environment, but also severely restricts the sustainable development of agriculture in China.
The soil wind erosion and desertification problems are environmental problems, social problems and economic problems faced by the world at present, the soil wind erosion accelerates the deterioration and the degeneration of the environment, compresses the space which can be supplied for production, living and utilization of human beings, and brings great threat to the food requirements of human beings and loss brought by agricultural economy. In order to effectively prevent and treat wind erosion, the wind erosion action mechanism must be researched and a relevant model is constructed, and the key is to acquire wind erosion strength and process data in the field. Therefore, the research on the field wind erosion monitoring equipment is particularly important in the whole wind erosion research.
The soil wind erosion amount is an important index for monitoring the wind erosion process, and is very important for establishing, verifying and revising a wind erosion model and evaluating wind erosion strength and damage. At present, no soil wind erosion monitoring instrument and method with unified standards exist at home and abroad, and the existing main wind erosion monitoring method is divided into two categories of wind erosion monitoring and sand transportation rate monitoring to be reviewed according to the difference of monitoring purposes and principles. The wind erosion monitoring mainly comprises a sand table collecting method, a dust settling cylinder method, a remote sensing method, an erosion needle method and the like; the monitoring of the sand conveying rate is mainly directly measured by using a sand collector and a sand sensor, and the adopted instruments comprise MWAC, BSNE, WITSEG, SENSIT and the like. The existing measurement technology has the defects of high technical difficulty, fixed monitoring direction, low automation degree and the like, is restricted by electric energy, and is not suitable for monitoring raised dust of farmlands for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome a series of defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device, which can automatically measure collected wind-blown sand in real time and record data, and can automatically monitor the surrounding meteorological environment so as to solve the problems in the background art.
The invention relates to an automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device, which comprises a fixing device, a flying dust collecting device, a weighing module, a meteorological monitoring module, a data collecting module and a solar power supply module,
the fixing device comprises a mounting box body 1, a mounting box body cover 2, a mounting seat 3, a mounting plate 9, a sealing cover 11, an intermediate shaft 13 and a round nut 18, wherein the intermediate shaft 13 enables the bottom box body to be connected and fixed with the upper sealing cover 11 and the mounting plate 9 through the round nut 18, so that the mounting stability of each sensor is ensured;
the raise dust collecting device comprises a lower bearing seat 4, a vertical pipe 5, a wind vane 6, a sand collecting pipe 15, a balancing weight 14, a spacer bush 17, a bearing 16 and an upper bearing seat 12;
the wind vane 6 and the wind sand collecting pipe 15 are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical pipe 5, the upper part of the vertical pipe 5 is connected with the sealing cover 11 through a bearing 16, the upper bearing seat 12 is arranged on the upper part of the vertical pipe 5, the lower bearing seat 4 is arranged on the lower part of the vertical pipe, and fig. 3 is a bottom view of the lower bearing seat. The vertical pipe 5 and the middle shaft 13 form relative rotation through the bearing 16, the wind and sand collecting pipe 15 is provided with the balancing weight 14, so that the raised dust collecting device can keep balance, when the wind vane 6 rotates along with wind, the wind and sand collecting pipe 15 can be opposite to the wind direction, and the wind blown sand enters the vertical pipe 5 through the wind and sand collecting pipe 15, so that the wind and sand weight data can be collected;
the solar power supply module comprises a solar power supply device 8 and a storage battery 21, and the solar power supply device 8 is also fixed on the mounting plate 9.
Preferably, the vertical pipe 5 is provided with an air outlet at the upper part and is provided with a sand baffle 22, air is blown out from the air outlet after entering the vertical pipe 5, and sand and dust can fall into the weighing sensor 19 arranged in the mounting box body 1 due to self gravity while no backflow is formed.
Preferably, the weighing module is a weighing sensor 19, the measurement precision of the weighing sensor is 0.0001g, and the weighing module is connected with a data acquisition host 20 through a data line to realize real-time continuous recording.
Preferably, the meteorological monitoring module includes meteorological station 7, wind speed and direction sensor 10, contains PM2.5, PM10, temperature and humidity transducer in the meteorological station 7, and each sensor is installed on mounting panel 9 in unison, and the data line is connected with the data acquisition host computer 20 of bottom through the inside and middle axle 13, carries out the transmission collection of data.
Preferably, the data acquisition module is a data acquisition host 20, and the data acquisition host 20 has 1 path of ModBus-RTU master station interface, 4 paths of analog quantity signal acquisition, 1 path of immersion detection, 4 paths of switching value acquisition and 2 paths of relay output; data can be uploaded to a monitoring software cloud platform through an RJ45 network port or a GPRS mode.
Preferably, the data acquisition host 20 is also provided with 1 channel of ModBus-RTU slave station interface, and can also upload data to monitoring software or a PLC configuration screen and the like in a 485 communication manner; the LED screen can be externally connected with 1 maximum 1024 multiplied by 256 lattice; the system also has a short message alarm function, can send short messages to alarm after the collected data exceed the limit, and can carry out remote parameter configuration through the short messages.
Preferably, the solar power supply device 8 selects a 60w solar panel and a 38Ah lead storage battery, which can be used for the sensors and the data acquisition host 20 to work for about 5 days, and a cable of the solar power supply device 8 is connected with the storage battery 21 at the bottom through the inside of the intermediate shaft 13.
Preferably, a storage battery 21, a weighing sensor 19 and a data acquisition host 20 are arranged in the equipment mounting box, and the equipment mounting box is connected with the vertical pipe 5 through a bearing 16.
Preferably, the solar power supply device 8, the weather station 7 and the wind speed and direction sensor 10 are fixed on the cover 11, the solar power supply device 8 provides power for the equipment, and the cover 11 is provided with a mounting plate 9 for fixing the weather station 7 and the wind speed and direction sensor 10.
Preferably, the solar power supply device 8 is connected with a storage battery 21 in the equipment installation box, the storage battery 21 is respectively connected with the meteorological station 7, the wind speed and direction sensor 10, the weighing sensor 19 and the data acquisition host 20 through data lines, the weighing sensor 19, the meteorological station 7, the wind speed and direction sensor 10 and the data acquisition host 20 are connected through data lines, the data acquisition host 20 is connected with a cloud platform, data acquired in each sensor and the weighing sensor 19 are uploaded to the cloud platform, and monitoring of dust and meteorological environment is completed.
The automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device has the following beneficial effects:
1. the direction of the wind-blown sand collecting pipe can be automatically adjusted according to the wind direction, and the error of the wind-blown sand collecting amount is reduced to the maximum extent;
2. the wind-blown sand collecting device can automatically weigh the wind-blown sand collecting amount, upload data to a cloud platform and monitor the wind-blown sand collecting amount at any time;
3. the invention adds a meteorological environment monitoring function, and can monitor the meteorological environment around the farmland while monitoring the wind erosion amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic monitoring device for farmland dust emission according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a vertical tube in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the lower bearing housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the mounting base of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are:
1-mounting a box body of the box; 2, mounting a box cover of the box; 3-mounting a base; 4-lower bearing seat; 5-a vertical tube; 6-wind vane; 7-a weather station; 8-solar power supply device (comprising solar panel and fixed upright post); 9-mounting a plate; 10-wind speed and direction sensor; 11-sealing the cover; 12-upper bearing block; 13-an intermediate shaft; 14-a counterweight block; 15-sand collection pipe; 16-a bearing; 17-spacer bush; 18-round nuts; 19-a weighing module; 20-a data acquisition module; 21-a storage battery; 22-sand board.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments and the directional terms described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used in the explanation of the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one broad embodiment of the invention, an automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device comprises a fixing device, a flying dust collecting device, a weighing module, a meteorological monitoring module, a data collecting module and a solar power supply module,
the fixing device comprises a mounting box body 1, a mounting box body cover 2, a mounting seat 3, a mounting plate 9, a sealing cover 11, an intermediate shaft 13 and a round nut 18, wherein the intermediate shaft 13 enables the bottom box body to be connected and fixed with the upper sealing cover 11 and the mounting plate 9 through the round nut 18, and the mounting stability of each sensor is guaranteed.
The raise dust collecting device comprises a lower bearing seat 4, a vertical pipe 5, a wind vane 6, a sand collecting pipe 15, a balancing weight 14, a spacer bush 17, a bearing 16 and an upper bearing seat 12.
The wind vane collecting device is characterized in that wind vanes 6 and wind sand collecting pipes 15 are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical pipe 5, the upper portion of the vertical pipe 5 is connected with the sealing cover 11 through bearings 16, an upper bearing seat 12 is arranged on the upper portion of the vertical pipe 5, a lower bearing seat 4 is arranged on the lower portion of the vertical pipe, the vertical pipe 5 and the middle shaft 13 rotate relatively through the bearings 16, and a balancing weight 14 is arranged on the wind sand collecting pipe 15, so that the dust collecting device can keep balance, when the wind vanes 6 rotate along with wind, the wind sand collecting pipes 15 can be opposite to the wind direction, and blown sand dust enters the vertical pipe 5 through the wind sand collecting pipes 15, and wind sand weight data collection is achieved.
As shown in figure 2, because the vertical pipe is provided with an air outlet at the upper part and is provided with a sand baffle plate 22, air enters the vertical pipe 5 and then is blown out from the air outlet, and sand and dust can fall into a weighing sensor 19 arranged in the mounting box body 1 due to self gravity while no backflow is formed. And the structure of the lower bearing seat 4 and the mounting seat 3 has little influence on the collection amount of the dust and sand, and the accuracy of weighing data cannot be influenced.
The weighing module is a weighing sensor 19, the measuring precision of the weighing sensor is 0.0001g, and the weighing module is connected with a data acquisition host 20 through a data line to realize real-time continuous recording.
The meteorological monitoring module includes meteorological station 7, wind speed and direction sensor 10, contains PM2.5, PM10, temperature and humidity transducer in the meteorological station 7, and each sensor is installed on mounting panel 9 in unison, and the data line passes through the inside data acquisition host computer 20 with the bottom of jackshaft 13 to be connected, carries out the transmission collection of data.
The data acquisition module is a data acquisition host 20, the data acquisition host is a special control host, and the data acquisition host is provided with a 1-path ModBus-RTU master station interface which can be connected with 485 transmitters of other types, 4-path analog quantity signal acquisition, 1-path immersion detection, 4-path switching value acquisition and 2-path relay output through the interface; the data can be uploaded to a monitoring software cloud platform through an RJ45 network port or a GPRS mode, and meanwhile, the monitoring host is also provided with a 1-path ModBus-RTU slave station interface and can also upload the data to monitoring software or a PLC configuration screen and the like through a 485 communication mode; the LED screen can be externally connected with 1 maximum 1024 multiplied by 256 lattice; the system also has a short message alarm function, can send short messages to alarm after the collected data exceed the limit, and can carry out remote parameter configuration through the short messages.
The solar power supply module comprises a solar power supply device 8 and a storage battery 21, the solar power supply device 8 is also fixed on the mounting plate 9, and a 60w solar panel and a 38Ah lead storage battery are selected and can be used for 5 days of work of each sensor and the data acquisition host 20. Similarly, the cable of the solar power supply 8 is connected to the bottom battery 21 via the inside of the intermediate shaft 13.
The equipment mounting box is internally provided with a storage battery 21, a weighing sensor 19 and a data acquisition host 20 and is connected with the vertical pipe 5 through a bearing 16.
Solar power supply unit 8, weather station 7 and wind speed wind direction sensor 10 are fixed on the closing cap 11, solar power supply unit 8 provides electric power for equipment, is equipped with mounting panel 9 on the closing cap 11 and is used for fixed weather station 7 and wind speed wind direction sensor 10. The wind speed and direction sensor 10 is used for monitoring wind speed and wind direction.
The solar power supply device 8 is connected with a storage battery 21 in the equipment installation box, the storage battery 21 is respectively connected with the meteorological station 7, the wind speed and direction sensor 10, the weighing sensor 19 and the data acquisition host 20 through data lines, the weighing sensor 19, the meteorological station 7, the wind speed and direction sensor 10 and the data acquisition host 20 are connected through data lines, the data acquisition host 20 is connected with a cloud platform, data acquired in each sensor and the weighing sensor 19 are uploaded to the cloud platform, and monitoring of dust and meteorological environment is completed.
As shown in fig. 1, the mounting seat 3 is mounted on the box body cover 2 of the equipment mounting box, and fig. 4 is a bottom view of the mounting seat 3, and is connected with the lower bearing seat 4 mounted on the vertical pipe 5 through a bearing 16 and forms relative rotation with the lower bearing seat;
the upper and lower parts of the intermediate shaft 13 are respectively provided with a round nut 18 to ensure the stability.
The solar power supply device 8 is a solar panel, converts solar energy into electric energy, and stores the electric energy in the storage battery 21, so as to provide electric power for the weighing sensor 19, the data acquisition host 20 and each sensor.
The weighing sensor 19 is a weighing sensor, the measurement precision of the weighing sensor is 0.0001g, and the weighing sensor is connected with the data acquisition host 20 through a data line to realize real-time continuous recording.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the wind vane 6 and the wind sand collecting pipe 15 are respectively installed on two sides of the vertical pipe 5, the wind vane 6 rotates along with the wind direction, the wind sand collecting pipe 15 is just opposite to the wind direction, sand dust blown by wind enters the vertical pipe 5 through the wind sand collecting pipe 15, the wind dust falls into the weighing sensor 19 in the equipment installing box, the air outlet is opened at the top of one side of the vertical pipe 5 for installing the wind vane 6, backflow in the vertical pipe is avoided, the sand dust collection is convenient, the sand blocking plate 22 is arranged on the lower portion of the air outlet at the top of the vertical pipe 5, backflow is avoided, sand loss is prevented, and the accuracy of data is guaranteed.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic monitoring device for farmland flying dust, which is characterized by comprising a fixing device, a flying dust collecting device, a weighing module, a meteorological monitoring module, a data collecting module and a solar power supply module,
the fixing device comprises a mounting box body (1), a mounting box body cover (2), a mounting seat (3), a mounting plate (9), a sealing cover (11), an intermediate shaft (13) and a round nut (18), wherein the intermediate shaft (13) enables the bottom box body to be fixedly connected with the upper sealing cover (11) and the mounting plate (9) through the round nut (18), so that the mounting stability of each sensor is ensured;
the raise dust collecting device comprises a lower bearing seat (4), a vertical pipe (5), a wind vane (6), a sand collecting pipe (15), a balancing weight (14), a spacer bush (17), a bearing (16) and an upper bearing seat (12);
the wind vane type dust collector is characterized in that wind vanes (6) and wind sand collecting pipes (15) are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical pipe (5), the upper portion of the vertical pipe (5) is connected with the sealing cover (11) through bearings (16), an upper bearing seat (12) is arranged on the upper portion of the vertical pipe (5), a lower bearing seat (4) is arranged on the lower portion of the vertical pipe (5), the vertical pipe (5) and an intermediate shaft (13) form relative rotation through the bearings (16), a balancing weight (14) is arranged on the wind sand collecting pipes (15), so that the dust collecting device can keep balance, when the wind vanes (6) rotate with wind, the wind sand collecting pipes (15) can be opposite to the wind direction, and wind blown sand dust enters the vertical pipe (5) through the wind sand collecting pipes (15), so that wind sand weight data can be collected;
the solar power supply module comprises a solar power supply device (8) and a storage battery (21), and the solar power supply device (8) is also fixed on the mounting plate (9).
2. The farmland flying dust automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the vertical pipe (5) is provided with an air outlet and a sand baffle (22), air is blown out from the air outlet after entering the vertical pipe (5), and sand and dust can fall into a weighing sensor (19) arranged in the mounting box body (1) due to self gravity while no backflow is formed.
3. The farmland flying dust automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the weighing module is a weighing sensor (19), the measuring precision of the weighing sensor is 0.0001g, and the weighing sensor is connected with a data acquisition host (20) through a data line to realize real-time continuous recording.
4. The farmland flying dust automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the meteorological monitoring module comprises a meteorological station (7) and a wind speed and direction sensor (10), the meteorological station (7) comprises PM2.5, PM10, and temperature and humidity sensors, the sensors are uniformly installed on an installation plate (9), and a data line is connected with a data acquisition host (20) at the bottom through the inside of an intermediate shaft (13) for data transmission and acquisition.
5. The farmland flying dust automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module is a data acquisition host (20), and the data acquisition host (20) is provided with 1 path of ModBus-RTU master station interface, 4 paths of analog quantity signal acquisition, 1 path of immersion detection, 4 paths of switching value acquisition and 2 paths of relay output; data can be uploaded to a monitoring software cloud platform through an RJ45 network port or a GPRS mode.
6. The farmland flying dust automatic monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein the data acquisition host (20) is also provided with 1 way ModBus-RTU slave station interface and can upload data to monitoring software or a PLC configuration screen and the like in a 485 communication mode; the LED screen can be externally connected with 1 maximum 1024 multiplied by 256 lattice; the system also has a short message alarm function, can send short messages to alarm after the collected data exceed the limit, and can carry out remote parameter configuration through the short messages.
7. The automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar power supply device (8) is selected from a 60w solar panel and a 38Ah lead storage battery, each sensor and the data acquisition host (20) can work for about 5 days, and a cable of the solar power supply device (8) is connected with the storage battery (21) at the bottom through the inside of the middle shaft (13).
8. An automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a storage battery (21), a weighing sensor (19) and a data acquisition host (20) are arranged in the equipment mounting box, and the equipment mounting box is connected with the vertical pipe (5) through a bearing (16).
9. An automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the solar power supply device (8), the meteorological station (7) and the wind speed and direction sensor (10) are fixed on the cover (11), the solar power supply device (8) provides power for equipment, and a mounting plate (9) is arranged on the cover (11) and used for fixing the meteorological station (7) and the wind speed and direction sensor (10).
10. The automatic farmland flying dust monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the solar power supply device (8) is connected with a storage battery (21) in the equipment installation box, the storage battery (21) is respectively connected with the meteorological station (7), the wind speed and direction sensor (10), the weighing sensor (19) and the data acquisition host (20) through data lines, the weighing sensor (19), the meteorological station (7), the wind speed and direction sensor (10) and the data acquisition host (20) are connected through data lines, the data acquisition host (20) is connected with a cloud platform, and data acquired by the sensors and the weighing sensor (19) are uploaded to the cloud platform to complete monitoring of dust and meteorological environment.
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Application publication date: 20210921 |