CN113418494B

CN113418494B - Rotation angle measuring device

Info

Publication number: CN113418494B
Application number: CN202110957664.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡明元; 刘树林
Original assignee: Nanjing Tops Automation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Tops Automation Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-20
Filing date: 2021-08-20
Publication date: 2021-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-20
Also published as: CN113418494A

Abstract

The application discloses rotation angle measuring device, this rotation angle measuring device includes: a base fixedly mounted with an angle encoder; the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission shaft and a shaft end part, the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the base and is in transmission connection between the angle encoder and the shaft end part; and the positioning mechanism comprises a clamping end used for clamping and positioning the shaft to be measured, and the positioning mechanism is arranged at the end part of the shaft in a floating manner in the radial direction of the transmission shaft. According to the technical scheme of this application, provide one kind and can overcome the rotation angle measuring mode that is used for the rotation axis of interference to a certain extent.

Description

Rotation angle measuring device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of measurement, and more particularly, to a rotation angle measuring device for a rotating shaft.

Background

Parameters such as a rotation angle, a rotation speed, a rotation direction and the like of a shaft workpiece which performs a rotation action during working generally need to be accurately controlled so as to ensure that equipment applying the shaft workpiece normally runs. For example, balance shafts in engines are used to balance the inertial forces generated by the motion of the engine pistons to some extent for the purpose of improving engine vibration. To achieve this, it is necessary to ensure that the rotation speed of the balance shaft corresponds to the rotation speed of the crankshaft, and therefore, the rotation speed of the balance shaft needs to be accurately controlled.

Traditionally, parameters such as the rotation angle, the rotation speed and the rotation direction of a shaft workpiece are measured through an encoder, a rotation shaft of the encoder is in synchronous transmission connection with a shaft to be measured, and the parameters such as the rotation angle, the rotation speed and the rotation direction are measured while the shaft to be measured rotates. However, in the measurement of the gap selecting pad of the balance shaft of the engine, for the shaft workpiece such as the crankshaft or the balance shaft in the engine, which generates radial or axial vibration during rotation, the vibration of the workpiece may cause inaccurate measurement results, and even damage to the encoder.

Therefore, how to overcome the above defects to some extent becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application proposes a rotation angle measuring apparatus for a rotating shaft to realize a rotation angle measuring method for a rotating shaft that overcomes vibration interference to some extent.

According to the present application, there is provided a rotation angle measuring device including: a base fixedly mounted with an angle encoder; the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission shaft and a shaft end part, the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the base and is in transmission connection between the angle encoder and the shaft end part; and the positioning mechanism comprises a clamping end used for clamping and positioning the shaft to be measured, and the positioning mechanism is arranged at the end part of the shaft in a floating manner in the radial direction of the transmission shaft.

Preferably, the rotation angle measuring device includes a fixing seat fixedly disposed on the frame, and the base is movably mounted on the fixing seat in a direction parallel to the transmission shaft.

Preferably, two elastic pieces are connected between the fixed seat and the base at intervals in parallel, and the two elastic pieces, the fixed seat and the base form a parallelogram structure.

Preferably, the thickness of the two ends of the elastic sheet connected to the fixed seat and the base is thinner than that of the middle part of the elastic sheet.

Preferably, the rotation angle measuring device comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a driving seat and an elastic buffer member, the elastic buffer member is connected between the driving seat and the base, and the driving seat is in transmission connection with the linear driver and is used for elastically pushing or pulling the base to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

Preferably, the elastic buffer member includes a guide rod and a spring member, the guide rod is fixedly disposed on one of the driving seat and the base and slidably passes through the other, and two ends of the spring member are connected to the driving seat and the base and sleeved on the guide rod.

Preferably, a proximity switch is arranged on the elastic buffer member and used for measuring the relative displacement of the driving seat and the base along the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

Preferably, the clamping end comprises at least three clamping jaws arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the clamping end, wherein at least one clamping jaw is elastically floatable in a radial direction; and/or the clamping end comprises at least one shifting pin which is arranged by deviating from the axis of the clamping end.

Preferably, a floating end surface is arranged on the clamping end, the floating end surface is mounted at the axial center position of the clamping end, and the angle of the floating end surface relative to the axial direction of the transmission shaft can elastically float.

Preferably, the clamping end and the shaft end are connected by a sliding block, the sliding block is slidably mounted on the shaft end along a transverse direction and slidably mounted on the clamping end along a longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction are not parallel.

According to the technical scheme of this application, the exposed core that is used for the clamping location to wait to detect the positioning mechanism of axle can float on the radial direction of transmission shaft to when making to wait to detect the axle and taking place the vibration at rotatory in-process, the vibration that produces is digested by the floating action of exposed core, can the minimize come from waiting to detect the vibration of axle and pass through transmission axial angle encoder conduction, and then can eliminate the interference to a certain extent, makes angle encoder acquire more accurate rotation angle measurement.

Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a rotation angle measuring device according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a sectional view in the direction a-a of the rotation angle measuring device shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a drive shaft and a positioning mechanism of the rotation angle measuring device;

fig. 4 is a sectional view in the direction B-B of the positioning mechanism shown in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The directional terms "axial direction", "radial direction", "transverse direction" and "longitudinal direction" referred to in this application are used in the orientation shown for the workpiece in the drawings. It should be understood that the above directional terms are described for clearly indicating the relative position relationship of the technical solutions of the present application, and the arrangement of the products carrying the technical solutions of the present application may not be limited to the directional relationships shown in the drawings of the present application, so the above directional terms do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

In the process of selecting the gasket by the gap amount of the balance shaft of the engine, the rotation parameters of the crankshaft or the balance shaft need to be measured, and the vibration of the crankshaft or the balance shaft in the dynamic rotation process can cause the gap between the positioning mechanism of the measuring device and a measured workpiece when the positioning mechanism is positioned, so that the measuring result is influenced, and the measurement is inaccurate. According to the application, the influence of the gap amount between the workpiece and the positioning mechanism on the measurement result is eliminated to a certain extent through the floatable design of the positioning mechanism of the rotation angle measuring device.

The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the rotation angle measuring apparatus of the present application includes a base 10, a transmission mechanism 20, and a positioning mechanism 30. Wherein, an angle encoder 11 for collecting the dynamic parameters of rotation is fixedly arranged on the base 10; the transmission mechanism 20 comprises a transmission shaft 21 and a shaft end 22, the transmission shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the base 10, and the transmission shaft 21 is in transmission connection between the angle encoder 11 and the shaft end 22; the positioning mechanism 30 includes a holding end 31 for holding and positioning the shaft to be measured, and the positioning mechanism 30 is floatably mounted to the shaft end portion 22 in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 21.

According to the rotation angle measuring device, the clamping end 31 can rotate along with the rotation of the shaft to be measured after being clamped and positioned with the shaft to be measured, so that the angle encoder 11 can measure the rotation dynamic parameters (such as the rotation angle, the rotation speed and the like) of the shaft to be measured through the transmission shaft 21. Wherein, the clamping end 31 of the positioning mechanism 30 for clamping and positioning the shaft to be measured can float in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 21, thereby being capable of self-centering and centering in the rotating process. And when waiting to survey the axle when rotatory in-process emergence vibration, the vibration that produces can be digested by the floating action of exposed core 31 to can minimize and come from the vibration of waiting to survey the axle and pass through the transmission axial angle encoder conduction, and then eliminate the interference to a certain extent, make angle encoder acquire more accurate rotation angle measured value.

During the measurement, the interference of the shaft to be measured with the clamping end 31 of the rotation angle measuring device in the axial direction is also one of the factors that affect the measurement process. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rotation angle measuring device may further include a fixing base 12, the fixing base 12 is fixedly disposed on the frame, and the base 10 is movably mounted on the fixing base 12 in a direction parallel to the transmission shaft 21. According to the embodiment, the base 10, the transmission shaft 21, the angle encoder 11, the positioning mechanism 30 and other components mounted on the base 10 have a floatable margin in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 21 relative to the fixed seat 12, and the influence of axial interference factors generated by the movement of the shaft to be measured on the measurement is reduced.

The above-mentioned manner in which the base 10 is movable relative to the holder 12 in a direction parallel to the drive shaft 21 can be realized by means of a connection such as a guide rail or a guide bar. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, two elastic pieces 13 are connected between the fixed seat 12 and the base 10 in parallel and spaced, and the two elastic pieces 13 form a parallelogram structure with the fixed seat 12 and the base 10. According to this parallelogram structure, the base 10 and the fixed base 12 can be elastically floated in parallel, and the elastic connection of the elastic piece 13 can reduce the mounting gap as much as possible compared with the slidable connection method, and has a high vibration absorbing capability. In order to maintain the synchronous deformation of the elastic piece 13 during the elastic floating of the base 10, the thickness of the two ends of the elastic piece 13 connected to the fixed base 12 and the base 10 is preferably thinner than the thickness of the middle portion of the elastic piece 13, so that the deformation position of the elastic piece 13 is concentrated on the two ends of the elastic piece 13.

The rotation angle measuring device preferably comprises a drive mechanism 40 to provide a driving force towards the shaft to be measured by means of the drive mechanism 40, thereby further reducing the axial clearance between the positioning mechanism 30 of the measuring device and the shaft to be measured. As shown in fig. 2, the driving mechanism 40 preferably includes a driving seat 41 and an elastic buffer member 42, wherein the elastic buffer member 42 is connected between the driving seat 41 and the base 10, and the driving seat 41 is drivingly connected with the linear driver for elastically pushing or pulling the base 10 to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 21. According to this embodiment, after the positioning mechanism 30 approaches or positions the shaft to be measured, the linear actuator applies a force to the elastic buffer 42 through the driving base 41 toward the shaft to be measured, so that the elastic buffer 42 is compressed, and then the elastic buffer applies an elastic force to the base 10, thereby eliminating the axial gap between the positioning mechanism 30 and the shaft to be measured through the elastic force.

The elastic buffer 42 may be a pad or a spring made of an elastic material. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the elastic buffer member 42 includes a guide rod 43 and a spring member 44, wherein the guide rod 43 is fixedly disposed on one of the driving seat 41 and the base 10 and slidably passes through the other, and both ends of the spring member 44 are connected to the driving seat 41 and the base 10 and sleeved on the guide rod 43, so that when the spring member 44 is compressed by force, the guide rod 43 serves to guide between the driving seat 41 and the base 10 and limit the spring member 44 to provide an elastic force in the direction of the guide rod 43. Preferably, a proximity switch 45 may be further provided on the elastic buffer member 42, the proximity switch 45 being used for measuring the relative displacement of the driving seat 41 and the base 10 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 21, so as to be able to focus on the displacement state of the base 10 relative to the driving seat 41 in the axial direction during the measurement.

In the positioning mechanism 30 of the rotation angle measuring device, the clamping end 31 can be positioned with the shaft to be measured by a positioning structure such as an expansion sleeve, a clamping jaw or a positioning pin. As shown in fig. 3, the clamping end 31 preferably comprises at least three clamping jaws 32, the at least three clamping jaws 32 being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the clamping end 31, wherein at least one clamping jaw 32 is elastically floatable in the radial direction. When the measured end of the shaft to be measured is matched with the clamping end 31 in a positioning manner, the at least three clamping jaws 32 are clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft to be measured from the radial direction, so that the axis of the shaft to be measured is determined, wherein at least one clamping jaw 32 which can elastically float in the radial direction is used for allowing the shaft to be measured to conveniently enter and exit from the clamping space between the clamping jaws 32. The clamping jaw 32 and the shaft to be measured can be in friction fit to realize synchronous rotation of the clamping end 31 and the shaft to be measured, or the clamping end 31 preferably comprises at least one shifting pin 33, the shifting pin 33 deviates from the axis of the clamping end 31 and is used for being matched with a corresponding positioning hole on the shaft to be measured, so that the clamping end 31 and the shaft to be measured can be positioned on a rotation angle while being clamped on the peripheral surface of the shaft to be measured through at least three clamping jaws 32.

In the positioning mechanism 30, the pin 33 preferably includes a fixed side 331 and an elastic side 332. As shown in fig. 3, the fixed side 331 is fixedly disposed on the clamping end 31, and the elastic side 332 is elastically swingably disposed on the clamping end 31 in a radial direction of the fixed side 331 with a gap from the fixed side 331 in a natural state. According to the pin 33, when the positioning hole of the shaft to be measured is matched, the elastic side 332 is close to the fixed side 331 under the constraint of the positioning hole, the clearance is reduced, and at the moment, the matching clearance between the pin 33 and the positioning hole can be reduced or eliminated under the elastic action of the elastic side 332, so that the synchronism of the rotation action of the shaft to be measured and the clamping end 31 of the measuring device is improved. Preferably, the grip claw 32 is provided with a ball 34 on the inner side of the axial center of the grip end 31 and/or on the outer circumferential surface of the pin 33 in the radial direction. As shown in fig. 3, the balls 34 are used for pressing and contacting the outer surface of the shaft to be measured and/or the inner side wall of the positioning hole, so as to reduce the friction between the shaft to be measured and the clamping end 31 during the positioning and matching process, and to more easily realize the positioning and matching.

The holder 31 is preferably further provided with a floating end surface 36, and the floating end surface 36 is attached to the axial center position of the holder 31 and is elastically floatable with respect to the angle in the axial direction of the drive shaft 21. As shown in fig. 4, one side of the floating end surface 36 facing the shaft to be measured is a plane or other shape adapted to the end surface of the shaft to be measured, so as to be attached to the end surface of the shaft to be measured, the floating end surface 36 is installed on one side of the clamping end 31 and is matched with the clamping end 31 through a spherical surface or an arc surface, and an elastic limiting member is provided to reset the floating end surface 36 in a natural state, so that the floating end surface 36 has a function of correcting the shaft to be measured and the positioning mechanism 30 in the axial direction during the dynamic measurement process. Especially in the case where the aforementioned drive mechanism 40 provides the driving force, the axial clearance between the positioning mechanism 30 and the shaft to be measured is further reduced.

According to the rotation angle measuring device of the preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the clamping end 31 and the shaft end 22 are connected by the sliding block 35, and the sliding block 35 is slidably mounted on the shaft end 22 along the transverse direction X and slidably mounted on the clamping end 31 along the longitudinal direction Y by the sliding rod mechanism disposed between the clamping end 31, the sliding block 35 and the shaft end 22, and the transverse direction X and the longitudinal direction Y are perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 21 and are not parallel to each other, so that the clamping end 31 can be designed to be floating relative to the shaft end 22 of the transmission mechanism 20 in a section perpendicular to the transmission shaft 21. According to the design of floating, the clamping end 31 of the positioning mechanism 30 for clamping and positioning the shaft to be measured can float in the radial direction of the transmission shaft, so that the shaft to be measured can automatically guide the axes of the transmission shaft 21 and the shaft to be measured in the rotating process, and when vibration occurs, the generated radial or axial vibration can be digested by the radial floating of the clamping end 31 and the axial elastic floating action of the base 10 relative to the fixed seat 12, so that the vibration from the shaft to be measured can be reduced as much as possible and transmitted through the transmission axial angle encoder, interference factors in the measuring process can be eliminated to a certain extent, and the angle encoder can acquire more accurate measurement parameters of the shaft to be measured in the rotating state.

The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.

Claims

1. A rotation angle measuring device, characterized by comprising:

a base (10), wherein an angle encoder (11) is fixedly arranged on the base (10);

the transmission mechanism (20) comprises a transmission shaft (21) and a shaft end part (22), the transmission shaft (21) is rotatably arranged on the base (10), and the transmission shaft (21) is in transmission connection between the angle encoder (11) and the shaft end part (22); and

a positioning mechanism (30), wherein the positioning mechanism (30) comprises a clamping end (31) for clamping and positioning a shaft to be measured, and the positioning mechanism (30) is arranged on the shaft end part (22) in a floating way in the radial direction of the transmission shaft (21);

the rotation angle measuring device comprises a fixed seat (12), the fixed seat (12) is fixedly arranged on a rack, the base (10) is movably arranged on the fixed seat (12) in the direction parallel to the transmission shaft (21), two elastic pieces (13) are connected between the fixed seat (12) and the base (10) at intervals in parallel, and the two elastic pieces (13) and the fixed seat (12) and the base (10) form a parallelogram structure.

2. The rotation angle measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of both ends of the elastic piece (13) connected to the holder (12) and the base (10) is thinner than the thickness of the middle portion of the elastic piece (13).

3. The rotation angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation angle measuring device comprises a drive mechanism (40), the drive mechanism (40) comprising a drive socket (41) and an elastic buffer (42),

the elastic buffer piece (42) is connected between the driving seat (41) and the base (10), and the driving seat (41) is in transmission connection with the linear driver and used for elastically pushing or pulling the base (10) to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (21).

4. Rotation angle measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic buffer (42) comprises a guide rod (43) and a spring element (44),

the guide rod (43) is fixedly arranged on one of the driving seat (41) and the base (10) and can slidably penetrate through the other, and two ends of the spring piece (44) are connected to the driving seat (41) and the base (10) and sleeved on the guide rod (43).

5. The rotation angle measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that a proximity switch (45) is provided on the elastic buffer member (42), the proximity switch (45) being used for measuring the relative displacement of the driving seat (41) and the base (10) in the axial direction of the transmission shaft (21).

6. The rotation angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping end (31) comprises at least three clamping jaws (32), which clamping jaws (32) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the clamping end (31), wherein at least one clamping jaw (32) is elastically floatable in the radial direction; and/or the clamping end (31) comprises at least one shifting pin (33), and the shifting pin (33) is arranged by deviating from the axle center of the clamping end (31).

7. The rotation angle measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that a floating end surface (36) is provided on the clamping end (31), the floating end surface (36) being mounted at an axial center position of the clamping end (31) and being elastically floatable in angle with respect to an axial direction of the transmission shaft (21).

8. Rotation angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping end (31) and the shaft end (22) are connected by means of a slide (35),

the slide (35) is slidably mounted to the shaft end (22) in a transverse direction X and to the clamping end (31) in a longitudinal direction Y,

the transverse direction X and the longitudinal direction Y are perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft (21) and are not parallel.