CN113416717A - 适用于工业生产用的7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶突变体 - Google Patents
适用于工业生产用的7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶突变体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明设计羟基类固醇脱氢酶,具体涉及7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶突变体。所述突变体的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,是将野生型7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶的第181位缬氨酸、189位苏氨酸、207位的缬氨酸分别替换为半胱氨酸、缬氨酸、半胱氨酸。突变体的酶活是野生型的2.59倍,热稳定性是野生型的5倍,且酶催化的转化率能够达到99.9%,作为酶法制备熊去氧胆酸的关键酶,表现了极具工业化应用价值的特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种改造的7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶(Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase,HSDH)酶突变体及其应用,属于生物酶工程技术领域。
背景技术
熊去氧胆酸(Ursodeoxycholic acid,UDCA)作为我国名贵中药熊胆的主要有效成分,在临床上广泛用于治疗各种肝胆疾病,包括胆结石、病毒性肝炎、脂肪肝、肝硬化等。至今为止,熊去氧胆酸是唯一由美国FDA批准的可用于治疗原发性胆汁性肝硬化的药物。
目前UDCA的制备方法有三种。首先,最传统的方式是从熊胆汁中提取;其次是化学合成制备UDCA,以来源于牛、猪、鸡、鸭等动物胆汁中的胆酸(Cholic acid, CA)、猪去氧胆酸(Hyodeoxycholic acid,HDCA)、鹅去氧胆酸(Chenodeoxycholic acid,CDCA)为原料合成得到,该方法广泛用于工业生产,但是化学法合成UDCA 往往过程复杂,污染大,并且涉及高温高压等危险步骤,显然这种方法已经不适合我国高质量绿色发展的方向;最后,经过最近几十年的研究,人们发现以CDCA 为原料,酶法制备UDCA,利用生物酶的选择性催化特性,使得底物的特定位点产生化学反应的性质,完成氧化和还原两步反应,生成熊去氧胆酸,不仅工艺简单、反应条件温和,而且效率高、杂质少,是未来大规模工业化生产UDCA的方向。
但是,酶法合成UDCA的方法受限于酶的性质,尤其是7β-HSDH,诸如酶活性低、稳定性差、底物抑制等缺陷,开发高活性和高稳定性的7β-HSDH,对于大规模工业化生产UDCA显得尤为关键。
目前,已报道的7β-HSDH十分有限,不超过10种,而几乎所有的7β-HSDH 都是NADPH型,仅有1-2种报道的7β-HSDH为NAD型,但是其序列号未知。他们的微生物来源有活泼瘤胃菌属(Ruminococcus gnavus)、扭链瘤胃球菌 (RuminococcustorquesATCC35915)、产气柯林斯菌(Collinsellaaerofaciens)、撒丁岛梭菌(Clostridiumabsonum)及黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas maltophilia)等。其中,研究最多的是撒丁岛梭菌和扭链瘤胃球菌,但是酶活性低,以及酶稳定性差,是他们的典型缺陷。针对这两大不足,我们利用酶的定向进化技术,对撒丁岛梭菌来源的7β-HSDH进行改造,得到了比野生型高2.47倍的突变体(详见中国专利202010967922.5)。
本发明的研究对象为扭链瘤胃球菌来源的7β-HSDH。
发明内容
本发明提供一种7β-HSDH突变体,是在野生型7β-HSDH的基础上(氨基酸序列为SEQID NO:1),进行多点突变得到高活性及高稳定性的7β-HSDH,具有 SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列。
所述的7β-HSDH突变体是将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示的7β-HSDH 的第181位的缬氨酸、189位的苏氨酸和207位缬氨酸分别替换为半胱氨酸、缬氨酸和半胱氨酸的SEQID NO:2。
本发明利用多轮定点突变技术,依次对野生型7β-HSDH基因(SEQ ID NO:3) 进行V181、T189、V207氨基酸替换,获得突变体7β-HSDH基因序列(SEQ ID NO:4),将基因克隆到表达载体pET28a,重组质粒导入
大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),通过乳糖操纵子诱导表达,获得了突变体蛋白,命名为7β-HSDHRt V3。
所述的SEQ ID NO:2氨基酸序列,其特征在于:编码的基因序列如SEQ ID NO:4 所述的SEQ ID NO:4基因序列的重组质粒、表达菌株。
所述的突变体催化反应制备熊去氧胆酸的应用。
本发明的有益效果
(1)突变体7β-HSDHRt V3相比于野生型,在同等测试条件下其酶活为野生型的2.3-2.8倍,稳定性为野生型的5倍以上;同时,测试了相同条件下的酶催化反应,突变体7β-HSDHRt V3在更短的时间内得到了更高的转化率,催化结果见表3。
(2)后续优化工艺中,突变体7β-HSDHRt V3能够得到转化率>99.9%的酶催化效果,这为我们的工业化生成提供了强有力的技术支持,本发明尤其强调突变体7β-HSDHRt V3对酶催化制备熊去氧胆酸的工业应用。
附图说明
图1.五个7β-HSDH蛋白序列比对;
图2.突变体7β-HSDHRt V3蛋白SDS-PAGE检测;
图3.野生型和突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶活检测结果;(注:其中的207C为我们的突变体7β-HSDHRt V3,酶活为57.3U/ml,是野生型(22.1U/ml)的2.59倍,207A 和207S为我们突变体库的另外两个突变体,这里与野生型一起作为对照,检测3 次的平均值结果);
图4.突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶的稳定性;
图5.不同pH条件下突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶活力。
具体实施方式
以下实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,但并不构成对本发明的不当限定。本申请中下述实施例中所使用的方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法,如《分子克隆实验指南》(J.萨姆布鲁克,D.W.拉塞尔著,黄培堂,汪嘉玺,朱厚础等译。第 4版,北京科学出版社,2017)中所述的方法进行。同时,本发明中的氨基酸无特别说明外均用其缩写或代号标明。
若未特别说明,以下实施例中使用的试剂均为实验室常规生化试剂。
实施例1.突变体7β-HSDHRt V3蛋白的制备
1.突变体7β-HSDHRt V3工程菌获得
表1:野生型与突变体序列位点对比
根据相关文献报道以及我们前期生物信息学方法模拟论证,扭链瘤胃球菌来源的7β-HSDH的酶催化活性中心位于蛋白质的C端区域的α螺旋二级结构区域 (179AA-197AA,206AA-209AA,214AA-225AA)。将该7β-HSDH与其他已报道4 个7β-HSDH进行序列比对(见图1),从高度同源的十几个氨基酸中找到了R基团相似的181位缬氨酸、189位苏氨酸和207位缬氨酸三个关键氨基酸位点。然后,我们对三个位点中的任何一个进行饱和突变(19个突变体),从每一轮饱和突变中,我们选择了最优的突变体进行下一轮饱和突变。最终我们从19+19+19 共57种突变体库中筛选得到了最优的突变体7β-HSDHRt V3,它的突变位点分别是181、189、207,由原来的缬氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸突变为半胱氨酸、缬氨酸、半胱氨酸。
首先将野生型7β-HSDH克隆到载体pET28a上,引入的酶切位点为BamHI (GGATCC)/XhoI(CTCGAG),克隆菌株为DH5α,使用的PCR引物为WT-F/WT-R,见表2。
1.1突变体7β-HSDHRt V3重组载体的获得
(1)野生型7β-HSDH重组质粒的提取
-80℃保藏菌种三区划线法接种LB卡那平板(kan30),37℃倒置过夜培养,挑单克隆转接LB试管(2ml/12ml)液体培养基,37℃过夜培养,天根试剂盒提质粒(最后用100ul无菌水洗脱)
(2)PCR反应扩增突变体质粒V1(V181C)
PCR反应设置
反应物 | 体积 |
WT质粒模板(10倍稀释) | 0.5ul |
V1-F/R(10uM) | 2ul/2ul |
Takaraprimerstarmix | 25ul |
ddH2O | 20.5ul |
总体积:50ul
PCR反应程序
预变性95℃ | 2min |
94℃ | 20s |
55℃ | 10s |
68℃ | 2.5min |
2-4循环次数 | 18 |
68℃ | 5min |
12℃ | ∞ |
注:热盖温度105℃,反应体系50ul
取2ul样品,设置110V,用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳30min进行电泳验证
(3)DpnI消化PCR产物
设置Dpn I酶解反应(25ul体系)
PCR产物 | 21.5ul |
10xbuffer | 2.5ul |
DpnI(10U/ul) | 1ul |
37℃金属浴反应1h,70℃热处理15min进行灭活
(4)化转克隆菌株Top10
2ul Dpn I消化产物,加入50ul Top10感受态细胞,轻轻混匀冰浴,静止 30min→42℃热激90s,冰浴2min→加入LB 700ul无抗LB培养基,37℃,180rpm 孵育1h→取100ul菌液涂平板→37℃倒置培养16-20h。
(5)筛选阳性菌株
平板挑取2个单克隆,接菌至2ml/12ml一次性试管,37℃过夜培养;天根试剂盒提质粒,80ul 55℃金属浴的无菌水洗脱,质粒送华大基因测序。
(6)V2、V3重组载体及V3工程菌的获得
依次将引物换成V2-F/R、V3-F/R,其余操作步骤同(1)-(5),最后的重组质粒经过测序验证正确后转化表达菌株BL21(DE3),转化步骤同(4)
表2:基因合成引物
引物名称 | 引物序列(5’→3’) |
WT-F | GGATCCATGAACCTGCGT |
WT-R | CTCGAGTTAGTTGTTGCTAT |
V1-F | ACCAACGTGGACTGTGAAGTGATCACCCTG |
V1-R | ACAGTCCACGTTGGTGCTTTCGCACTCC |
V2-F | ACCCTGGGTGTCACCATTACCCCGAGCCTG |
V2-R | GACACCCAGGGTGATCACTTCAACGTCC |
V3-F | GCGGGTGAAGCGTGTATGAAGACCGCGATG |
V3-R | ACACGCTTCACCCGCCGGGCCACCCGGC |
2.突变体7β-HSDHRt V3蛋白表达
(1)菌种复苏及转接试管
-80℃冰箱保存的突变体7β-HSDHRt V3菌株,三线划区法接种含有30ug/ml 的卡那霉素,37℃恒温培养16-20h,长出单克隆菌落后,转接2ml的LB培养基, 37℃、220rpm培养10-12h
(2)摇瓶培养及诱导表达
1:100转接50ml的LB培养基/250ml的三角瓶,37℃、220rpm培养3-4h, OD600=0.5左右,加入IPTG至终浓度0.5mM,30℃诱导4h,此时的OD600=2.0-2.5
(3)细胞破碎及粗酶液制备
8000rpm、4℃离心10min收集上一步培养的菌体,称重,加入5-10ml左右的PBS缓冲液(pH8.0)重悬,再加入10%的溶菌酶(2%)混匀,35℃孵育裂解 1h后,12000rpm、4℃离心10min收集上清酶液。
实施例2.突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶功能研究
1、酶活检测
在3ml的比色皿中,加入30℃孵育的1.948ml浓度为10mM的7KLCA(pH8.0,含有50mM的PBS),再加入50ul浓度为5mg/ml的辅酶NADPH,混合均匀后,加入 2ul制备的野生型或突变体酶液,1000ml的移液枪吹打混匀,读取2min吸光值的变化。酶活计算方式如下:
酶活(U/mL)=△OD/min*Vt*df/(6.22*1.0*Vs)
Vt:反应总体积2.00mL
Df::稀释倍数
6.22:NADPH在340nm波长的消光系数
1.0:测量光程
Vs:酶液体积(0.002mL)
结果如图3
2、酶稳定性研究
(1)温度对突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶稳定性
低温稳定性:新制备的野生型或突变体酶液1ml(2ml离心管)各3支,封口膜封好口,在-20℃/4℃保存半个月(15天)后,取出后按上述1的检测方法,测定酶液剩余酶活。
热稳定性:新制备的野生型或突变体酶液1ml(2ml离心管)各3支,封口膜封好口,在45℃条件下孵育15min,取出后按上述1的检测方法,测定酶液剩余酶活。
结果如图4。
(2)pH对突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶活力的影响
配制好pH分别为7.0、7.2、7.5、8.0的浓度为10mM的7KLCA底物,用新制备的突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶液检测各个pH条件下对应的酶活,最适pH在7.2 左右。结果如图5。
3、酶催化反应制备熊去氧胆酸
5g的7-酮基石胆酸,溶解在100ml的50mM PBS缓冲液反应体系中,再加入 5g的D-葡萄糖和5ml的无水乙醇搅拌混匀后,再加入葡萄糖脱氢酶至100U/ml, 野生型或突变体7β-HSDHRt V3酶至20U/ml,设置反应温度为30℃,搅拌转速为 150转/分钟,每隔一段时间取样进行HPLC检测,计算7-酮基石胆酸的残留百分比及UDCA的转化百分比。最终利用突变体7β-HSDHRt V3转化7-酮基石胆酸,转化率达到99.922%,据我们所知,这是目前已报道的相关资料中,转化率最高的酶催化结果,具体酶催化反应结果如表3。
表3
1-WT/2-突变体7β-HSDH<sub>Rt</sub>V3 | UDCA(%) | 7K-LCA(%) |
1-1h | 86.216 | 13.784 |
2-1h | 97.470 | 2.530 |
1-3h | 93.163 | 6.837 |
2-3h | 98.673 | 1.327 |
1-5h | 95.192 | 4.808 |
2-5h | 99.082 | 0.918 |
1-7h | 96.125 | 3.875 |
2-7h | 99.922 | 0.078 |
序列表
<110> 江西邦泰绿色生物合成生态产业园发展有限公司
<120> 适用于工业生产用的7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶突变体
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tatagcaaca actaa 795
Claims (4)
1.适用于工业生产用的7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶突变体,其特征在于:所述7β羟基类固醇脱氢酶突变体是将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示的7β-HSDH的第181位的缬氨酸、189位的苏氨酸和207位缬氨酸分别替换为半胱氨酸、缬氨酸和半胱氨酸,其氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO:2所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的SEQ ID NO:2氨基酸序列,其特征在于:编码的基因序列如SEQID NO:4所示。
3.权利要求所述的SEQ ID NO:4基因序列的重组质粒、表达菌株。
4.权利要求1所述的突变体催化反应制备熊去氧胆酸的应用。
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