CN113412770A - Structural matrix of nursery stock in saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Structural matrix of nursery stock in saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113412770A CN113412770A CN202110577023.9A CN202110577023A CN113412770A CN 113412770 A CN113412770 A CN 113412770A CN 202110577023 A CN202110577023 A CN 202110577023A CN 113412770 A CN113412770 A CN 113412770A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
Abstract
The invention discloses a structural matrix of nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the structural matrix comprises the following components: the soil comprises high-humus soil and auxiliary soil, wherein the high-humus soil comprises straw rotting fungus mushroom residues, biogas residues, cake fertilizers and a first pair of pseudomonas flavicans and cake fertilizers, and the auxiliary soil comprises wood rotting fungus mushroom residues and a first bacillus subtilis. The invention solves the problems of low improvement efficiency and high input cost of the existing saline-alkali soil improvement by planting salt-tolerant tree species.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a structural matrix of a nursery stock in saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the situation of high-speed development of population and industry, the full excavation and use of land resources are a very important requirement. In the development and utilization of land resources, particularly for the development and utilization of saline-alkali soil of coastal mudflat, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by planting salt-tolerant tree species is a better way. When saline-alkali soil is improved, the survival rate of the salt-tolerant tree species planted in the saline-alkali soil is low, so that the improvement efficiency of the saline-alkali soil is low, and the input cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil and the preparation method thereof are provided, so that the problems of low improvement efficiency and high input cost in the saline-alkali soil improvement of the existing planting of the salt-tolerant tree species are solved.
In order to realize the purpose, the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil comprises: the soil comprises high-humus soil and auxiliary soil, wherein the high-humus soil comprises straw rotting fungus mushroom residues, biogas residues, cake fertilizers and a first pair of pseudomonas flavicans and cake fertilizers, and the auxiliary soil comprises wood rotting fungus mushroom residues and a first bacillus subtilis.
Further, the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil comprises 25-45% of the high humus soil and 55-75% of the auxiliary soil in percentage by mass.
Further, the high-humus soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of agaricus bisporus mushroom residues, 30 parts of biogas residues, 7-10 parts of cake fertilizer and 5-9 parts of first pseudomonas flava.
Further, the auxiliary soil comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1000 parts of wood-rotting fungus mushroom dregs and 12-15 parts of first bacillus subtilis.
Further, the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil further comprises 8% -15% of strong microbial inoculum by taking the sum of the mass of the high-humus soil and the mass of the auxiliary soil as a percentage, the strong microbial inoculum comprises a base material and a reinforcing bacterium, the reinforcing bacterium comprises a second pseudomonas paracasei and a second bacillus subtilis, the base material comprises corncob crushed particles, bran, gypsum powder and lime powder,
further, the weight ratio of the base material to the reinforcing bacteria is 100: (12-16).
Further, the base material comprises, by mass, 80 parts of corncob crushed particles, 16 parts of bran, 2 parts of gypsum powder and 2 parts of lime powder.
Further, the reinforcement bacteria comprise 50% of second pseudomonas parvum and 50% of second bacillus subtilis by mass of the reinforcement bacteria.
The invention provides a preparation method of a structural matrix of seedlings in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the high-humus soil and the auxiliary soil to obtain a mixed raw material;
adding water into the mixed raw materials, and adjusting the water content of the mixed raw materials to 55-60%;
and after the water content of the mixed raw materials reaches 55-60%, fully mixing and stacking the mixed raw materials, wherein the stacking height is 40-60 cm, the temperature is 27-35 ℃, and the stacking time is 24-48 hours.
Further, before the step of adding water to the mixed raw materials is carried out, the strong microbial inoculum is added to the mixed raw materials and mixed.
The structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil has the beneficial effects that the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil takes high-humus soil as a soil-strengthening agent, pseudomonas paratuberans can normally grow on the high salt concentration one, can enrich nutrient substances in the soil, form organic acid which is secreted out of the body, reduce the pH value of the soil, form a chelate with organic matters, further complex salt-forming basic substances in the soil, form a survival environment which is relatively high in quality for transplanting the salt-tolerant nursery stock at the position close to the root of the salt-tolerant nursery stock planted in the saline-alkali soil, and further improve the survival rate of the salt-tolerant nursery stock transplanted in the saline-alkali soil; the auxiliary soil is used as a root-assisting agent, the bacillus subtilis can well form symbiosis with the salt-tolerant nursery stocks in the saline-alkali soil, the stress response capability of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks to adverse environmental conditions is improved through extracellular secretion generated in the growth activity of the bacillus subtilis, the survival capability of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks under the adverse conditions is improved, the survival time of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks under the halophytic conditions is effectively prolonged, and buffering guarantee on the recovery growth time of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks under the halophytic conditions is provided.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The invention provides a structural matrix of nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following components: high humus soil and auxiliary soil.
Wherein the high-humus soil comprises straw rotting fungus mushroom slag, biogas slag, cake fertilizer and a first pair of pseudomonas flava and cake fertilizer. The straw rotting fungus mushroom slag is acidic, the organic carbon nutrient component is cellulose, the biogas slag is alkaline, the organic carbon nutrient component is lignin, the alkalinity of the biogas slag replaces lime to neutralize the acidity of the straw rotting fungus, the problem of alkali return caused by excess alkaline groups in the later period due to the conventional pH value adjusting mode can be solved, and the organic carbon form complementation is more beneficial to keeping the stable property of the produced material.
The straw rotting fungus mushroom dregs are agaricus bisporus mushroom dregs. The cake fertilizer is bean cake fertilizer or rapeseed cake fertilizer.
The auxiliary soil comprises wood rotting fungus mushroom dregs and first bacillus subtilis.
The wood rotting fungus mushroom residue is Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue or Lentinus edodes mushroom residue. The wood rotting fungus and the straw rotting fungus are organic materials which can be widely obtained and are stable in property, the materials are subjected to productive treatment of microorganisms in advance, the nutrition structure is more reasonable, the quick-acting organic nutrition content ratio is high, and the physical and chemical properties of the materials are more beneficial to growth and propagation of auxiliary fungi.
The high-corrosion soil is a soil strengthening agent, pseudomonas paraflava can normally grow at a high salt concentration, nutrient substances in the soil can be enriched, organic acid is formed and excreted out of the body, the pH value of the soil is reduced, chelate is formed between the organic acid and organic matters, salt forming basic substances in the soil are further complexed, a survival environment which is relatively high in quality for transplanting salt-tolerant seedlings is formed at the position close to roots of the salt-tolerant seedlings planted in the saline-alkali soil, and the survival rate of the salt-tolerant seedlings transplanted in the saline-alkali soil is further improved.
The auxiliary soil is a root-assisting agent, wherein the bacillus subtilis can well form symbiosis with the salt-tolerant nursery stocks in the saline-alkali soil, and the stress response capability of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks to adverse environmental conditions is improved through extracellular secretion generated in the growth activity of the bacillus subtilis, the survival capability of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks under the adverse conditions is improved, the survival time of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks under the halophytic conditions is effectively prolonged, and buffer guarantee on the recovery growth time of the salt-tolerant nursery stocks under the halophytic conditions is provided.
As a better implementation mode, the structural matrix of the seedling in the saline-alkali soil comprises 25-45% of high humus soil and 55-75% of auxiliary soil in percentage by mass.
The high-corrosion soil comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60 parts of agaricus bisporus mushroom residues, 30 parts of biogas residues, 7-10 parts of cake fertilizer and 5-9 parts of first pseudomonas flava.
The auxiliary soil comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1000 parts of wood-rotting fungus mushroom dregs and 12-15 parts of first bacillus subtilis.
As a better implementation mode, the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil further comprises 8-15% of a strong microbial inoculum by taking the mass sum of the high humus soil and the auxiliary soil as a percentage.
Wherein the strong microbial inoculum comprises a base material and a reinforcing bacterium.
Specifically, the boosting bacterium includes a second Pseudomonas paracasei and a second Bacillus subtilis.
The base material comprises corncob crushed particles, bran, gypsum powder and lime powder.
As a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the base material to the reinforcing bacteria is 100: (12-16), namely adding 12-16 parts by weight of reinforcement bacteria into every hundred parts of base material.
In this example, the base material includes 80 parts by mass of the corncob crushed particles, 16 parts by mass of the bran, 2 parts by mass of the gypsum powder, and 2 parts by mass of the lime powder.
The reinforcement bacteria comprise 50 percent of second pseudomonas paracasei and 50 percent of second bacillus subtilis by mass of the reinforcement bacteria.
The first and second P.paracanthus are P.paracanthus, biological classification: proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria pseudomonads paraafulva, China center for culture Collection of microorganisms of national platform for resources accession number: CGMCC 1.15632.
The first Bacillus subtilis and the second Bacillus subtilis are Bacillus subtilis, and the China center for culture Collection of microorganisms of the national microorganism resource platform has the following preservation numbers: CGMCC 1.3358.
The invention provides a preparation method of a structural matrix of seedlings in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the high humus soil and the auxiliary soil to obtain a mixed raw material.
Specifically, step S1 includes:
s11, preparing the high-humus soil.
Specifically, 60kg of agaricus bisporus mushroom residues, 30kg of biogas residues and cake fertilizers (7 kg of bean cakes or 10kg of rapeseed cakes) are mixed, the water content is adjusted to 65-70% after mixing, high heaps (the pile height is more than 250cm) are naturally fermented, and the high-humus soil is prepared by turning the heaps once every 15-25 days and 5-6 times. When the pile is turned for the first time, a first pair of pseudomonas flava (liquid or solid) is added, and the adding amount of the first pair of pseudomonas flava is 5 kg-9 kg.
S12, preparing the auxiliary soil.
Specifically, 1000kg of wood-rotting fungi mushroom dregs such as pleurotus eryngii, mushroom and the like are subjected to water content adjustment to 60% -65%, and are fermented in a high pile (pile height is more than 250cm), and the pile is turned over once every 30-40 days. When the pile is turned for the first time, adding first bacillus subtilis (liquid or solid), wherein the adding amount of the first bacillus subtilis is 12 kg-15 kg, turning for 3-4 times, dispersing and air-drying until the water content is 45% -50%, and packaging for later use.
S13, uniformly mixing the prepared high-humus soil and auxiliary soil to obtain a mixed raw material.
S2: adding strong bacteria agent into the mixed raw materials and mixing.
Wherein, the preparation of the strong microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
the strong microbial inoculum is prepared by a fermentation method, and the preparation scheme (weight ratio) is as follows:
specifically, 80 parts by weight of corncob crushed particles, 16 parts by weight of bran, 2 parts by weight of gypsum powder and 2 parts by weight of lime powder are uniformly mixed and added with water. The material-water ratio is 1: (0.65-0.8), and the water addition amount is 65-80 parts by weight.
After the raw materials of the strong microbial inoculum are fully and uniformly mixed, the raw materials are piled and fermented according to the pile height of 100 cm-150 cm and the pile width of 180 cm-220 cm to obtain a base material, the fermentation temperature reaches 65 ℃, the base material is maintained for 3 days, and the pile is turned for 4 to 5 times in the period.
Filling the base material into a container for sterilization. After sterilization, the weight ratio of the raw materials to bacteria is 100: (12-16), inoculating reinforcement bacteria into the sterilized base material, wherein the reinforcement bacteria comprise second pseudomonas paracasei and second bacillus subtilis in equal proportion, then lightly stacking (stacking height is less than 50cm, temperature is controlled to be less than 38 ℃) to culture the microbial inoculum, finishing the culture for 7-12 days, dispersing and turning to naturally disperse water in the bacterial material, reducing the water content to 20-24% to obtain the reinforcement microbial inoculum, and storing for later use.
S3: adding water into the mixed raw materials, and adjusting the water content of the mixed raw materials to 55-60%.
As a better implementation mode, before adding water into the mixed raw materials, the prepared strong microbial inoculum is added into the mixed raw materials to be uniformly mixed, and then the water is added to adjust the water content of the mixed raw materials to 55-60%. Wherein, the mixed raw materials are added with 8 to 15 percent of strong bacteria agent by taking the mass sum of the high humus soil and the auxiliary soil as percentage.
S4: after the water content of the mixed raw materials reaches 55-60%, the mixed raw materials are fully mixed and piled up, the pile height is 40-60 cm, the temperature is 27-35 ℃, and the pile-up lasts 24-48 hours.
After the water content of the mixed raw materials reaches 55-60%, the raw materials are fully mixed and piled, the height of the pile is 40-60 cm, the temperature is 27-35 ℃, and the pile is piled for 24-48 hours.
The mixed raw materials are piled up in an open environment so as to preliminarily form comprehensive flora mainly comprising the pseudomonas paratyphi in the mixed raw materials, so that the pseudomonas paratyphi can adapt to the external environment and can be propagated greatly and further enter practical use.
When salt-tolerant seedlings are transplanted in actual saline-alkali soil, the structural matrix of the seedlings in the saline-alkali soil is mixed into the rooting soil in advance as a fertilizer, and the ratio of the material to the soil is 1: (1-5) in a weight ratio.
In addition, the structural substrate of the seedling in the saline-alkali soil can also be used as a seedling raising substrate.
In order to illustrate the substantial effect of the structural matrix of the seedling in saline-alkali soil of the present invention, a test is specifically described below.
In the test, birchlolia Bunge (Pyrus betulifolia Bunge) is used as a test material, namely, seedlings transplanted into saline-alkali soil. Under the condition of a laboratory, the ultimate salt tolerance of the pyrus betulaefolia is 0.36%, and the test is carried out on the coastal mudflat. The vegetation of the test field is very small amount of all red suaeda glauca, and the soil salinity of the test field is 0.56%. Three treatments were set up for the experiment, each treatment transplanting 50 birch pears.
In the transplanting process, other conditions are the same, the difference lies in that three substrates are adopted according to different applied substrates, the structural properties of the three substrates are the same, the used bacteria are different, the first substrate totally adopts bacillus subtilis, the second substrate totally adopts pseudomonas paraflavus, and the third substrate is the structural substrate of the seedling in the saline-alkali soil. Correspondingly, the first matrix is applied to treat the first transplanted seedlings, the second matrix is applied to treat the second transplanted seedlings, and the structural matrix of the saline-alkali soil seedlings is applied to treat the third transplanted seedlings, and the specific test results are as follows:
| treatment of | Wilting | Death was caused by death | Rooting | Survival | Growth of | Total effective rate | Survival rate |
| Process one | 6 | 19 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 50％ | 0 |
| Treatment two | 8 | 7 | 10 | 35 | 10 | 70％ | 20％ |
| Treatment three | 1 | 4 | 32 | 45 | 32 | 90％ | 64％ |
The rooting of the transplanted birch pears is taken as a survival basis, and the birch pears which are not withered or dead are taken as survival basis, so that the test results show that the structural matrix of the seedlings in the saline-alkali soil has extremely remarkable effect of improving the survival rate of the seedlings in the saline-alkali soil.
The two bacteria in the structural matrix of the seedling in the saline-alkali soil, namely the pseudomonas paratyphi and the bacillus subtilis, have a substantial effect of improving the transplanting survival rate of the seedling in the saline-alkali soil by a synergistic effect.
Specifically, from the test results in the table above, the bacillus subtilis alone can only delay the death time of seedlings, and cannot enable the plants to survive finally, and the pseudomonas parahuangensis alone can improve the survival rate of the plants, but the single use effect is not good.
The main maintaining system pipe of the life activity of the plant is the root system, and when the root system is healthy, the plant has good resistance to adverse environment, so that the plant can be guaranteed to have enough time to recover the activity and develop again in the transplanting process. When the salt concentration in the soil is higher than the self bearing capacity of the plant, the root system of the plant is firstly injured, and at the moment, pathogenic bacteria widely existing in the soil can accelerate the death of the root system.
The secretion generated in the life activity of the bacillus subtilis can inhibit the viability of certain flora which are harmful to the root system of the plant, thereby being beneficial to improving the resistance of the plant to adverse environmental conditions.
The pseudomonas paratyphi forms a dominant condition in a small range by complexing and fixing soil base substances through extracellular secretions, optimizes physiological and physical conditions required by rooting in a plant transplanting period through preliminary enrichment of organic nutrients, and further promotes generation and growth of new roots of plants.
The action results of the two bacteria form a biological microenvironment which is mutually complementary and harmoniously symbiotic, and the microenvironment is favorable for the growth and development of the plant root system under the halophytic condition, thereby realizing the purpose of improving the survival rate of the plant planted under the halophytic condition.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A structural matrix of seedlings in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising: the soil comprises high-humus soil and auxiliary soil, wherein the high-humus soil comprises straw rotting fungus mushroom residues, biogas residues, cake fertilizers and a first pair of pseudomonas flavicans and cake fertilizers, and the auxiliary soil comprises wood rotting fungus mushroom residues and a first bacillus subtilis.
2. The structural matrix of nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the structural matrix of nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil comprises 25-45% of high humus soil and 55-75% of auxiliary soil by mass fraction.
3. The structural matrix for nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein the high humus soil comprises, in parts by mass: 60 parts of agaricus bisporus mushroom residues, 30 parts of biogas residues, 7-10 parts of cake fertilizer and 5-9 parts of first pseudomonas flava.
4. The structural matrix for nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary soil comprises, in parts by mass: 1000 parts of wood-rotting fungus mushroom dregs and 12-15 parts of first bacillus subtilis.
5. The structural matrix of nursery stock in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, further comprising 8% -15% of strong microbial inoculum by taking the sum of the mass of the high-humus soil and the mass of the auxiliary soil as a percentage, wherein the strong microbial inoculum comprises a base material and reinforcing bacteria, the reinforcing bacteria comprise second pseudomonas paracasei and second bacillus subtilis, and the base material comprises corncob crushed particles, bran, gypsum powder and lime powder.
6. The structural matrix for nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the base material to the reinforcement bacteria is 100: (12-16).
7. The structural matrix for nursery stocks in saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, wherein the base material comprises 80 parts by mass of corncob crushed particles, 16 parts by mass of bran, 2 parts by mass of gypsum powder and 2 parts by mass of lime powder.
8. The structural matrix of seedlings in saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, wherein the reinforcement bacteria comprise 50% of second Pseudomonas paracasei and 50% of second Bacillus subtilis in percentage by mass of the reinforcement bacteria.
9. A method for preparing the structural matrix of the nursery stock in the saline-alkali soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the high-humus soil and the auxiliary soil to obtain a mixed raw material;
adding water into the mixed raw materials, and adjusting the water content of the mixed raw materials to 55-60%;
and after the water content of the mixed raw materials reaches 55-60%, fully mixing and stacking the mixed raw materials, wherein the stacking height is 40-60 cm, the temperature is 27-35 ℃, and the stacking time is 24-48 hours.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein a strong bacterial agent is added to the mixed raw materials and mixed before the step of adding water to the mixed raw materials is performed.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114907161A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-16 | 山东三方化工集团有限公司 | Organic fertilizer containing biocontrol microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210921 |