CN114380641A - Composite microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114380641A CN114380641A CN202210041142.7A CN202210041142A CN114380641A CN 114380641 A CN114380641 A CN 114380641A CN 202210041142 A CN202210041142 A CN 202210041142A CN 114380641 A CN114380641 A CN 114380641A
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241001495152 Rhodovulum sulfidophilum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000191025 Rhodobacter Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 22
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001478305 Rhodovulum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000852 hydrogen donor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012137 tryptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound microbial organic fertilizer, which is obtained by mixing and fermenting organic solid wastes (animal wastes, kitchen waste residues, animal feather meal and straw powder) by bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus and rhodobacter sulfidophilus according to a certain proportion; the loss of nitrogen in the fermentation process of the composite microbial organic fertilizer is reduced, the content of nitrogen fertilizer in the obtained composite microbial organic fertilizer is increased, the quality of the composite microbial organic fertilizer is high, the composite microbial organic fertilizer has the effects of promoting plant growth and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and the yield and the quality of fruits and vegetables can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of microbial organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a compound microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of agriculture in China, in order to improve the yield of agricultural products, a large amount of fertilizers are applied, at present, the applied fertilizers are mainly fertilizers, but the effect of increasing the yield can be achieved by applying the fertilizers for a long time, but the ecological environment, the physical and chemical properties of soil and a soil microbial community of a farmland can be greatly damaged by applying chemical fertilizers for a long time, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizers is low, so that the waste of resources is caused; the organic fertilizer has obvious effects on improving the physical and chemical properties of soil and enhancing the fertilizer retention and supply capacity of the soil, and meanwhile, the probiotics can also generate a large amount of bioactive substances and have multiple functions of fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus and potassium, improving the soil quality, balancing the microbial population structure, inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and the like; the organic fertilizer is widely concerned, but the existing organic fertilizer obtained by adopting the traditional fertilizer pushing mode has long fertilizer pushing time, low fertilizer efficiency, large amount of pungent odor gas released, environmental pollution and the occurrence of plant soil-borne diseases and burning, following and seedling burning phenomena caused by the incompletely decomposed organic fertilizer; therefore, the method has great significance for exploring different combinations of fertilizer pushing raw materials and corresponding microbial fermentation technologies to obtain the biological organic fertilizer which is fully fermented and thoroughly decomposed and cannot cause environmental pollution by combining the characteristics of the existing organic fertilizer compost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a compound microbial organic fertilizer which is obtained by mixing and fermenting animal manure, kitchen waste residues, animal feather powder and straw powder by using bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus and rhodobacter sulfidophilus; the content of nitrogen fertilizer in the composite microbial organic fertilizer obtained by fermentation is increased; the fertilizer has the effects of promoting plant growth and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and can also obviously improve the yield and the quality of fruits and vegetables.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the compound microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, 2-4 parts of bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid, 1-3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, 1-3 parts of rhodobacter sulfidophilus culture solution, 3-5 parts of kitchen waste filter residue, 10-12 parts of animal feather powder, 15-25 parts of animal excrement and 50-60 parts of straw powder;
preferably, the compound microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor and 2 parts of rhodobacter sulfidophilus culture solution; 4 parts of kitchen waste filter residues, 11 parts of animal feather powder, 20 parts of animal wastes and 55 parts of straw powder;
preferably, the bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid is prepared by the following method: inoculating the seed solution of the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor; the number of viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor is not less than 1 multiplied by 109cfu/g；
Preferably, the bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating bacillus licheniformis into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a fermentation culture solution of the bacillus licheniformis; the number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor is not less than 1 x 109cfu/g；
Preferably, the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating the bacillus mucilaginosus seed solution into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at 35 ℃ to obtain bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor; the number of viable bacteria in the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor is not less than 1 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
Preferably, the rhodovulum thiophilum fermentation broth is prepared by the following method: inoculating the rhodobacter sulfidophilus seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at 30 ℃ under the illumination condition to obtain rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermentation liquid; wherein the viable count of Rhodooomycete sulphurophilum fermentation liquor is not less than 1 × 109cfu/g。
The kitchen waste filter residue is obtained by filtering, crushing, deoiling and desalting kitchen waste; the water content of the kitchen waste filter residue is 60-80%;
further, the preparation method of the compound microbial organic fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste filter residue, the animal feather powder, the animal manure and the straw powder, adding the mixture into a reactor, sequentially adding bacillus subtilis fermented bacteria liquid, bacillus licheniformis fermented bacteria liquid and bacillus mucilaginosus fermented bacteria liquid, uniformly mixing, adding 50% of water of the total weight of the raw materials, fully and uniformly stirring, starting fermentation, carrying out stacking and covering fermentation for 15 days, reducing the fermentation temperature to below 35 ℃ and keeping the fermentation temperature unchanged, adding the rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermented liquid, uniformly stirring, and drying the compost to obtain the composite microbial organic fertilizer;
preferably, stirring and turning treatment is carried out every 2 days during the stacking and covering fermentation period, and ventilation is carried out for 30min every 2 h;
further, the compound microbial organic fertilizer can be in a powder or granular shape.
The bacillus subtilis is one of bacillus, and can be rapidly and massively propagated and planted on the surface of animal tissues or in the plant body and in the soil where the plant grows, so that the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms is effectively prevented, the plant infection by the pathogenic microorganisms of the plant is interfered, and the colonization of the pathogenic microorganisms on the plant is damaged, thereby achieving the effects of inhibiting bacteria and controlling diseases; meanwhile, the bacillus subtilis can also secrete amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase and other enzymes to decompose and utilize proteins, polysaccharides and the like to form small molecular substances;
the bacillus licheniformis is a positive thermophilic bacterium of Lancefield, can grow in a high-temperature environment in the microbial fermentation process, and has stronger activities of protease, lipase and amylase; can promote the fermentation of organic matters in the organic carrier, which can promote the decomposition and fermentation of the animal feather meal in the organic carrier of the invention to provide nitrogen sources for other strains and promote the full fermentation;
the bacillus mucilaginosus has the function of potassium dissolving, and can release soluble phosphorus potassium elements and medium and trace elements such as calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese and the like.
The rhodobacter sulfidophilus belongs to gram-negative bacteria, can perform photosynthesis by using light as an energy source and using organic matters, sulfides, ammonia and the like in the nature as a hydrogen donor and carbon source under an anaerobic condition, and can improve the soil fertility and improve the phenomena of salinization and hardening of soil; the microbial community structure of plant rhizosphere can be improved, the stability of a soil ecosystem is maintained, the resistance of crops to diseases is induced, and the effect on preventing and treating vegetable viruses is remarkable.
Advantageous effects
According to the invention, the composite microbial organic fertilizer is prepared by using the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus mucilaginosus to perform composite synergistic fermentation on an organic carrier (comprising kitchen waste residues, animal feather powder, animal wastes and straw powder), the decomposition effect of the organic fertilizer is improved by virtue of the synergistic composite fermentation of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus mucilaginosus, organic matters and other components in the organic fertilizer are decomposed into nutrient elements required by plant growth, and the utilization rate of organic fertilizer raw materials is remarkably improved;
the organic carrier contains kitchen waste residues, animal feather powder, animal wastes and straw powder, so that the nutrient composition of the organic fertilizer is obviously improved, nutrients are provided for the growth of microorganisms, the survival and the value of the microorganisms in soil are favorably determined, and the nutritional requirements for the growth of crops can be met; the microbial strain is rich in flora composition in soil, can fix nitrogen in air, decompose indissolvable phosphorus and potassium nutrients, release nutrient elements required by crop growth, degrade chemical substances such as residual pesticides and chemical fertilizers in soil, reduce the content of nitrite in fruits and vegetables, improve the content of vitamins and sugar in the fruits and vegetables, and increase the yield and quality of the fruits and vegetables.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but it should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments; the microbial species used in the examples below can be isolated by themselves or obtained by purchase; the starting materials described in the examples below are, without specific indication, either prepared by conventional methods or commercially available.
Example 1
Preparation of strain fermentation liquor
(1) Preparation of Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor
The bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating the seed solution of the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation culture medium (the inoculation amount is 3%), and performing fermentation culture at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor for later use; wherein the viable count in the Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth is not less than 1 × 109cfu/g; the culture medium consists of the following raw materials: 20g/L glucose, 15g/L peptone, 5g/L sodium chloride, 0.5g/L beef extract and the balance of water.
(2) Preparation of Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor
The bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating bacillus licheniformis into a fermentation culture medium (the inoculation amount is 3%), and performing fermentation culture at 25 ℃ to obtain a fermentation liquid of the bacillus licheniformis for later use; wherein the number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor is not less than 1 × 109cfu/g; the culture medium consists of the following raw materials: 5g/L yeast extract, 10g/L tryptone, 10g/L sodium chloride and the balance of water.
(3) Preparation of Bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor
The bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating the bacillus mucilaginosus seed solution into a fermentation culture medium (the inoculation amount is 3 percent), and performing fermentation culture at 35 ℃ to obtain bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor for later use; wherein the viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquid is not less than 1 × 109cfu/g; the culture medium consists of the following raw materials: 30g/L starch, 4g/L peptone, 2g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L magnesium sulfate and the balance of water.
(4) Preparation of rhodovulus sulfidophilus fermentation liquor
The rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating the Rhodooomycete sulphurophilum seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium (the inoculation amount is 3 percent), and performing fermentation culture at 30 ℃ under the condition of illumination (an incandescent lamp light source) to obtain Rhodooomycete sulphurophilum fermentation liquid for later use; wherein the Rhodooomycete sulphurophilum isThe number of viable bacteria in the fermentation liquid is not less than 1 × 109cfu/g; the culture medium consists of the following raw materials: 5g/L peptone, 1g/L yeast extract powder, 3g/L sodium chloride, 1g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1g/L magnesium sulfate and the balance of water.
Example 2
Preparation of kitchen waste residue
The kitchen waste filter residue is obtained by filtering, crushing, deoiling and desalting kitchen waste; the water content of the kitchen waste filter residue is 60-80%;
example 3
The compound microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2kg of bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, 2kg of bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid, 1kg of bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, 3kg of kitchen waste filter residue, 10kg of animal feather powder, 15kg of animal excrement and 50kg of straw powder;
the preparation method of the compound microbial organic fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste filter residue, the animal feather powder, the animal manure and the straw powder, adding the mixture into a reactor, sequentially adding bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid and bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, uniformly mixing, adding 50% of water of the total weight of the raw materials, fully and uniformly stirring, starting fermentation, carrying out stacking and covering fermentation for 15 days, cooling the fermentation temperature to below 35 ℃, adding 1kg of rhodobacter sulfidophilum zymocyte fermentation liquid, uniformly stirring, placing the compost under an incandescent lamp light source, and drying to obtain the composite microbial organic fertilizer; stirring and turning the piles once every 2 days during the pile covering fermentation period, and ventilating for 30min every 2 h.
Example 4
The compound microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3kg of bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, 3kg of bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid, 2kg of bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, 4kg of kitchen waste filter residue, 11kg of animal feather powder, 20kg of animal manure and 55kg of straw powder;
the preparation method of the compound microbial organic fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste filter residue, the animal feather powder, the animal manure and the straw powder, adding the mixture into a reactor, sequentially adding bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid and bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, uniformly mixing, adding 50% of water of the total weight of the raw materials, fully and uniformly stirring, starting fermentation, carrying out stack covering fermentation for 15 days, cooling the fermentation temperature to below 35 ℃, adding 2kg of sulfur-philic rhodobacter xylinum zymocyte fermentation liquid, uniformly stirring, and drying the compost under an incandescent lamp light source to obtain the composite microbial organic fertilizer; stirring and turning the piles once every 2 days during the pile covering fermentation period, and ventilating for 30min every 2 h.
Example 5
The compound microbial organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4kg of bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, 4kg of bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid, 3kg of bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, 5kg of kitchen waste filter residue, 12kg of animal feather powder, 25kg of animal manure and 60kg of straw powder;
the preparation method of the compound microbial organic fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste filter residue, the animal feather powder, the animal manure and the straw powder, adding the mixture into a reactor, sequentially adding bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid and bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, uniformly mixing, adding 50% of water of the total weight of the raw materials, fully and uniformly stirring, starting fermentation, carrying out stack covering fermentation for 15 days, cooling the fermentation temperature to below 35 ℃, adding 3kg of sulfur-philic rhodobacter xylinum zymocyte fermentation liquid, uniformly stirring, and drying the compost under an incandescent lamp light source to obtain the composite microbial organic fertilizer; stirring and turning the piles once every 2 days during the pile covering fermentation period, and ventilating for 30min every 2 h.
Detection and identification of biological organic fertilizer
The compound microbial organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment of the invention is detected by a method specified in organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2012), and the result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1.
| Detecting items | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| pH value | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.2 |
| Moisture (%) | 25.6 | 26.8 | 27.4 |
| Organic matter (%) | 73.3 | 78.9 | 69.8 |
| Total nutrient (%) | 5.09 | 5.02 | 5.05 |
| Total nitrogen (%) | 2.18 | 1.86 | 1.67 |
| Phosphorus pentoxide (%) | 1.98 | 2.03 | 2.34 |
| Potassium oxide (%) | 0.93 | 1.13 | 1.04 |
| Coliform number (number/g) | 93 | 88 | 90 |
| Ascarid egg death rate (%) | 96 | 99 | 97 |
| Total arsenic (mg/kg) | 4.34 | 4.31 | 4.29 |
| Total cadmium (mg/kg) | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.33 |
| Total lead (mg/kg) | 7.52 | 7.13 | 7.43 |
| Total chromium (mg/kg) | 13.46 | 13.24 | 13.34 |
| Total mercury (mg/kg) | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0.55 |
The data in table 1 show that each index of the composite microbial organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiments 3-5 of the invention meets the organic fertilizer standard (NY 525-2012);
the compound microbial organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiments 3-5 of the invention is applied to the soil for planting tomatoes as a base fertilizer, and the influence of the compound microbial organic fertilizer on the growth, fruit quality and yield of the tomatoes is explored;
the test field is a certain tomato planting test base in Shangqiu city; the experimental base fertilizer is the compound microbial organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 3-5 of the invention;
the treatment method comprises the steps of dividing a treatment group into a test group and a control group, wherein the control group adopts a local conventional base fertilizer; the experimental components are 3 groups, and the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 3-5 of the invention is applied as the base fertilizer; the control group and the test group adopt the same field management during the growth period of the tomatoes, the growth conditions of the tomatoes are regularly observed until the harvest of the tomatoes is finished, and the growth conditions of the tomatoes and the yield of the tomatoes during the period are counted and recorded; after the tomatoes are planted for 90 days, the growth conditions of the tomatoes in each group and the incidence conditions of the soil-borne diseases of the tomatoes are counted respectively and recorded in the table 2; the yield of harvested tomatoes from each group was recorded after harvesting of the tomatoes and the results are reported in table 3.
Table 2.
| Group of | Height cm of plant | Number of blades | Incidence of disease |
| Control group | 66.3 | 10.3 | 22.5 |
| Example 3 | 76.4 | 13.8 | 9.3 |
| Example 4 | 79.5 | 14.5 | 8.2 |
| Example 5 | 75.2 | 14.1 | 10.1 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the compound microbial organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiments 3-5 of the invention has a remarkable promoting effect on the growth of tomatoes, the tomatoes after the organic fertilizer is applied have thick and strong stems, rich and green leaves and high leaf density, and the incidence of the tomatoes is reduced in the first 90 days of growth, including yellow leaf diseases, blight and other diseases; therefore, after the compound microbial organic fertilizer is applied, the stress resistance of the tomatoes can be obviously improved, and the disease resistance of the tomatoes is improved.
Table 3.
| Group of | Yield (kg/mu) | Yield increase (%) |
| Control group | 2768 | / |
| Example 3 | 3817 | 37.9 |
| Example 4 | 3889 | 40.4 |
| Example 5 | 3845 | 39.8 |
Compared with a control group, the compound microbial organic fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the invention can obviously improve the yield of tomatoes, the yield is increased by over 37.9%, and the proportion of fruits with withered, wrinkled and speckled surfaces is less; meanwhile, the tomatoes have better quality, the tomatoes applied with the compound microbial organic fertilizer are mellow and glossy, and have sour, sweet and delicious mouthfeel, wherein the vitamin C and glucose contents are higher, while the tomatoes in a control group have sour mouthfeel and less sugar content.
The above experimental examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple changes or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The compound microbial organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 2-4 parts of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, 1-3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor and 1-3 parts of rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermentation liquor; 3-5 parts of kitchen waste filter residues, 10-12 parts of animal feather powder, 15-25 parts of animal wastes and 50-60 parts of straw powder.
2. The compound microbial organic fertilizer of claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor, 2 parts of rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermentation liquor, 4 parts of kitchen waste filter residues, 11 parts of animal feather powder, 20 parts of animal wastes and 55 parts of straw powder.
3. The compound microbial organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the bacillus subtilis fermentation broth is prepared by the following method: inoculating the seed solution of the bacillus subtilis into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor; the number of viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor is not less than 1 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
4. The compound microbial organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid is prepared by the following method: inoculating the bacillus licheniformis seed solution into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a bacillus licheniformis fermentation solution; the number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor is not less than 1 x 109cfu/g。
5. The compound microbial organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating the bacillus mucilaginosus seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquid; the number of viable bacteria in the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor is not less than 1 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
6. The compound microbial organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermentation liquor is prepared by the following method: inoculating the rhodobacter sulfidophilus seed liquid into a fermentation culture medium, and performing fermentation culture at 30 ℃ under the illumination condition to obtain rhodobacter sulfidophilus fermentation liquid; the viable count of the rhodobacter sulfidophilum fermentation liquor is not less than 1 multiplied by 109 cfu/g.
7. The compound microbial organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the kitchen waste filter residue is obtained by filtering, crushing, deoiling and desalting kitchen waste; the water content of the kitchen waste filter residue is 60-80%.
8. The preparation method of the compound microbial organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 3-5 parts of kitchen waste filter residues, 10-12 parts of animal feather powder, 15-25 parts of animal wastes and 50-60 parts of straw powder, adding the mixture into a reactor, adding water accounting for 50% of the weight of the raw materials, fully and uniformly stirring, sequentially adding 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis zymocyte liquid, 2-4 parts of bacillus licheniformis zymocyte liquid and 1-3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus zymocyte liquid, starting fermentation, fermenting for 15 days by stacking, reducing the fermentation temperature to below 35 ℃, adding 1-3 parts of rhodobacter sulfidophilus zymocyte fermentation liquid, uniformly stirring, and drying the compost under illumination to obtain the composite microbial organic fertilizer.
9. The method for preparing the compound microbial organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein stirring and turning treatment is performed every 2 days during the stacking fermentation period, and ventilation is performed every 2 hours for 30 min.
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