CN113404199B - Installation method of umbrella-shaped roof structure - Google Patents
Installation method of umbrella-shaped roof structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113404199B CN113404199B CN202110953596.7A CN202110953596A CN113404199B CN 113404199 B CN113404199 B CN 113404199B CN 202110953596 A CN202110953596 A CN 202110953596A CN 113404199 B CN113404199 B CN 113404199B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
- E04B7/028—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of structures of pyramidal or conical shape
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Abstract
The invention protects an installation method of an umbrella-shaped roof structure, aims at solving the technical problems of the existing installation and construction method inconvenience caused by complex modeling, numerous components, high-altitude assembly difficulty and high precision requirement of the umbrella-shaped roof structure, and relates to the technical field of construction of large-scale space structures of constructional engineering; the umbrella-shaped roof is divided into 20-30 umbrella-shaped unit structures, adjacent umbrella-shaped unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams, and the installation method comprises the following steps: (1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; (2) mounting a temporary support; (3) hoisting the units; (4) dismantling the temporary support and monitoring the structural deformation: the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation. The installation method effectively shortens the construction period, improves the construction precision, and simultaneously improves the installation quality of other related structures attached to the umbrella-shaped roof structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction of large space structures of constructional engineering, in particular to an installation method of an umbrella-shaped roof structure.
Background
Public buildings have more and more requirements on large spaces, and the application of large space structures is wider and wider. The construction of large space structures and the adopted technology thereof often reflect the level of national construction technology, and some special-shaped large space structures with large scale, novel form and advanced technology become important marks of national economic strength and construction technology level. In the past decades, the special-shaped large-space steel structure has achieved breakthrough progress in structural form, material, design method and construction process, and the application of the special-shaped large-space structure is not seen in some important, especially symbolic projects.
The umbrella-shaped roof structure belongs to one form of a special-shaped large space structure, the structural space of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is complex in shape, the number of components is large, and most of the components are curve components. The construction can not be carried out due to the influence of the structural shapes of the steel column and the umbrella-shaped unit, such as the large upper part and the small lower part, by adopting the integral lifting and sliding process; the lifting of the plane components decomposed into similar trusses causes large workload of high-altitude butt joint and folding, and the components in the umbrella-shaped unit body are numerous, the roof is wavy, and the splitting into a plurality of plane components cannot be realized; adopt the high altitude to piece together in bulk can be under construction, but need set up a large amount of operation scaffolds, prolong the engineering time greatly, increase perpendicular transportation work volume, and occupy indoor space for a long time and be unfavorable for developing of follow-up construction.
Therefore, an installation scheme is required to be made in a targeted manner according to the characteristics of the umbrella-shaped roof structure, and the purposes of saving construction time, improving construction quality and saving construction cost are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an installation method of an umbrella-shaped roof structure. The construction method provided by the invention aims at the problems of complex structure, numerous components, high-altitude assembly difficulty and high precision requirement of the umbrella-shaped roof structure, selects a reasonable installation scheme, effectively shortens the construction period, improves the construction precision, and simultaneously improves the installation quality of other related structures attached to the umbrella-shaped roof structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an installation method of an umbrella-shaped roof structure, the umbrella-shaped roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 20-30 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 20-30 umbrella-shaped unit structures, adjacent umbrella-shaped unit structures are connected into a whole through a long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam between the umbrella-shaped unit structures, and the umbrella-shaped roof structure connected into the whole is a high and large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; in order to facilitate the batch assembly of the umbrella-shaped roof structure and the installation of the steel structure thereof, the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure according to the shape of the steel structure and the repeated appearance positions of the components, the units are decomposed into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and an assembling jig frame is respectively erected according to the structural forms and assembled in batches;
the weight of the assembled and molded gate-type steel frame is less than 5 tons, an assembling jig frame is erected on a main concrete structural plate during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the assembling is completed and the hoisting is carried out immediately, and the jig frame is transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and the wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; after the assembly is finished, the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure is integrally hoisted, the hoisted umbrella-shaped unit structure is closed at high altitude, the hoisting and closing sequence is symmetrically developed from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, the accumulated deviation during the installation is reduced, and the assembly unit is closed in high altitude welding; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roofs and wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part, in order to reduce error accumulation in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roofs and the wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part to two sides in a symmetrical mode, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction because the same type of roof units are longitudinally arranged;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
Preferably, in the step (2), the lattice type upright column is divided into standard units of 2-4m or 1-2m according to the erection height of the temporary support, a ladder stand is arranged in the temporary support, and the temporary support is used as a passage for workers to go up and down in the stages of temporary support installation and disassembly and steel structure construction; embedding temporary support mounting bolts in the main concrete structural slab, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 4-8 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; in order to ensure the installation precision of the steel structure, after the temporary support is installed and the cable rope is pulled, the overall station is used for positioning the midspan position coordinate and the axis of the portal steel frame on the sandbox support, so that the portal steel frame is convenient to position during installation; in order to reduce the construction cost, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water and are recycled from the previous construction section to the back.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the step (3), the spans of the portal steel frame are 20-25m and 26-30m respectively, the portal steel frame is hoisted by using a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 3-6 hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoist, the length of the hoisting steel wire ropes is accurately controlled according to the shape of the portal steel frame, so that each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process is dispersed, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole, so that the portal steel frame is prevented from being deformed such as bent, twisted and the like due to out-of-plane stress.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the step (3), when installing the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing roof, the goose-wing roof in the longitudinal row in the middle is installed, after the installation, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof are hoisted in place and then are closed by high-altitude welding.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, in the step (4), in the unloading process of the sandbox support, the top sandbox is slowly unloaded for multiple times, and the vertical distance of each unloading is not more than 2cm until the structure bears the self gravity; monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished; and if the structural deformation exceeds the design value in the unloading process, immediately stopping unloading, searching reasons together with a design unit to make a processing scheme, and unloading again after the processing is finished.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, two H-shaped curve steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure form a portal steel frame, and 20-30 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, namely saddle-shaped roof; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam can be separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-like shape, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that each of the mushroom-shaped unit structures has a size of (20 to 30) m × 25 to 35m, and has an outer shape in the form of a mushroom-shaped structure; the plane dimension of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is (155-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the construction method provided by the invention aims at the problems of complex structure, numerous components, high-altitude assembly difficulty and high precision requirement of the umbrella-shaped roof structure, selects a reasonable installation scheme, effectively shortens the construction period, improves the construction precision, and simultaneously improves the installation quality of other related structures attached to the umbrella-shaped roof structure.
2. The invention improves the structure installation quality and precision, and the construction is safer and more efficient, and the assembly precision is higher; the construction time is greatly saved, the occupation of ground space is greatly reduced, the accumulated deviation during installation is reduced, the welding operation amount during the folding of the splicing units is greatly reduced, and the construction safety and the construction quality are both benefited.
3. The invention not only can solve the restriction of construction site, but also can control the welding quantity to be completed on the ground to the maximum extent, thereby reducing the difficulty of welding operation and measuring and positioning, improving the engineering quality and shortening the total construction period; safe and reliable, convenient to assemble and disassemble and cost-saving.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application, but the following examples are only for the understanding of the present invention, and the examples and features of the examples in the present application can be combined with each other, and the present application can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
An umbrella-type roof structure is installed, the umbrella-type roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 20 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 20 umbrella-type unit structures, adjacent umbrella-type unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams between the umbrella-type unit structures, and the umbrella-type roof structure connected into the whole is a high-large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; in order to facilitate the batch assembly of the umbrella-shaped roof structure and the installation of the steel structure thereof, the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure according to the shape of the steel structure and the repeated appearance positions of the components, the units are decomposed into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and an assembling jig frame is respectively erected according to the structural forms and assembled in batches;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; after the assembly is finished, the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure is integrally hoisted, the hoisted umbrella-shaped unit structure is closed at high altitude, the hoisting and closing sequence is symmetrically developed from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, the accumulated deviation during the installation is reduced, and the assembly unit is closed in high altitude welding; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roofs and wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part, in order to reduce error accumulation in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roofs and the wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part to two sides in a symmetrical mode, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction because the same type of roof units are longitudinally arranged;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
In the step (1), the weight of the door-type steel frame after being assembled and molded is less than 5 tons, assembling jig frames are erected on the main concrete structural slab during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the steel frame is immediately lifted after assembling is completed, and the jig frames are transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300X 200X 8X 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams.
In the step (2), the lattice type upright column is divided into standard units of 4m or 2m according to the temporary support erection height, a ladder stand is arranged in the temporary support, and the temporary support is used as a passage for workers to go up and down in the temporary support mounting and dismounting and steel structure construction stages; embedding temporary support mounting bolts in the main concrete structural slab, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 8 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; in order to ensure the installation precision of the steel structure, after the temporary support is installed and the cable rope is pulled, the overall station is used for positioning the midspan position coordinate and the axis of the portal steel frame on the sandbox support, so that the portal steel frame is convenient to position during installation; in order to reduce the construction cost, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water and are recycled from the previous construction section to the back.
In the step (3), the span of the portal steel frame is respectively 20m and 26m, the portal steel frame is hoisted by adopting a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 6 hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoist, the hoisting steel wire ropes accurately control the length according to the shape of the portal steel frame, so that each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and disperses the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole, so that the portal steel frame is prevented from being deformed such as bending and torsion due to the stress outside the plane.
In the step (3), when the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing roof are installed, the goose-wing roof in the longitudinal row in the middle is installed at first, after the installation is finished, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and the installation process is carried out by high-altitude welding and folding after the installation process is in place.
In the step (4), the top sandbox is slowly unloaded for multiple times in the unloading process of the sandbox support, and the vertical distance of unloading is not more than 2cm each time until the structure bears the self gravity; monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished; and if the structural deformation exceeds the design value in the unloading process, immediately stopping unloading, searching reasons together with a design unit to make a processing scheme, and unloading again after the processing is finished.
Two H-shaped curve steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure form a portal steel frame, and 20 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, namely saddle-shaped roofs; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam can be separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-like shape, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
Each umbrella-shaped unit structure is 30m by 35m in size and is in an umbrella-shaped structure form; the plane dimension of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is 155m × 85m, and the whole roof is wavy.
Example 2
An umbrella-type roof structure is installed, the umbrella-type roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 30 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 30 umbrella-type unit structures, adjacent umbrella-type unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams among the umbrella-type unit structures, and the umbrella-type roof structure connected into the whole is a high-large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; in order to facilitate the batch assembly of the umbrella-shaped roof structure and the installation of the steel structure thereof, the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure according to the shape of the steel structure and the repeated appearance positions of the components, the units are decomposed into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and an assembling jig frame is respectively erected according to the structural forms and assembled in batches;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; after the assembly is finished, the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure is integrally hoisted, the hoisted umbrella-shaped unit structure is closed at high altitude, the hoisting and closing sequence is symmetrically developed from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, the accumulated deviation during the installation is reduced, and the assembly unit is closed in high altitude welding; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roofs and wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part, in order to reduce error accumulation in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roofs and the wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part to two sides in a symmetrical mode, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction because the same type of roof units are longitudinally arranged;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
In the step (1), the weight of the door-type steel frame after being assembled and molded is less than 5 tons, assembling jig frames are erected on the main concrete structural slab during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the steel frame is immediately lifted after assembling is completed, and the jig frames are transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300X 200X 8X 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams.
In the step (2), the lattice type upright column is divided into 2m or 1m standard units according to the temporary support erection height, a ladder stand is arranged in the temporary support, and the temporary support is used as a passage for workers to go up and down in the temporary support mounting and dismounting and steel structure construction stages; embedding temporary support mounting bolts in the main concrete structural slab, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 4 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; in order to ensure the installation precision of the steel structure, after the temporary support is installed and the cable rope is pulled, the overall station is used for positioning the midspan position coordinate and the axis of the portal steel frame on the sandbox support, so that the portal steel frame is convenient to position during installation; in order to reduce the construction cost, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water and are recycled from the previous construction section to the back.
In the step (3), the span of the portal steel frame is respectively 25m and 30m, the portal steel frame is hoisted by adopting a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 3 hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoist, the hoisting steel wire ropes accurately control the length according to the shape of the portal steel frame, so that each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and disperses the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole, so that the portal steel frame is prevented from being deformed such as bending and torsion due to the stress outside the plane.
In the step (3), when the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing roof are installed, the goose-wing roof in the longitudinal row in the middle is installed at first, after the installation is finished, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and the installation process is carried out by high-altitude welding and folding after the installation process is in place.
In the step (4), the top sandbox is slowly unloaded for multiple times in the unloading process of the sandbox support, and the vertical distance of unloading is not more than 2cm each time until the structure bears the self gravity; monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished; and if the structural deformation exceeds the design value in the unloading process, immediately stopping unloading, searching reasons together with a design unit to make a processing scheme, and unloading again after the processing is finished.
Two H-shaped curve steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure form a portal steel frame, and 30 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, namely saddle-shaped roof; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam can be separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-like shape, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
Each umbrella-shaped unit structure is 20m by 25m in size and is in an umbrella-shaped structure form; the plane dimension of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is 170m x 100m, and the whole roof is wavy.
For solving adverse factors such as narrow and small in place, adopt eclipsed form bed-jig to carry out ground unit and assemble, assemble the bed-jig and set up the support of assembling in layers, steel structural unit stacks but the bottom unit does not bear upper portion unit weight during assembling, and every unit weight of assembling transmits for the vertical stand of bed-jig through assembling the support to make every unit of assembling not warp because of extra atress. 3-6 roof units, preferably 4 roof units are assembled by each assembling jig, so that the construction site limitation can be solved, the welding amount can be controlled to be completed on the ground to the maximum extent, the welding operation difficulty and the measurement positioning difficulty are reduced, the engineering quality is improved, the construction operation time of the steel structure is moved forward, the steel structure assembling is started at the construction stage of the concrete structure, and the total construction period is shortened.
When the door type steel frame is installed, the door type steel frame is symmetrically installed from the middle to two sides, firstly, a 10-11-shaft door type steel frame is installed, then, an 8-10/11-13-shaft door type steel frame is installed, then, a 6-8/13-15-shaft door type steel frame is installed, and finally, an overhanging part of steel beams is installed. After the portal steel frame is in place, the portal steel frame is accurately positioned according to a positioning line on the sandbox support, then a cable rope is tensioned at 1/3 of the steel frame to be stabilized, the cable rope is uniformly stressed during tensioning, a total station is adopted to perform retesting on the axis position of the steel frame, and a support welding seam is welded after positioning and retesting are completed.
When the saddle-shaped roof and the wild goose wing-shaped roof are hoisted, the same shoulder pole-shaped hoisting tool is adopted for hoisting, four hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoisting tool, two steel wire ropes with equal length are symmetrically distributed at each hoisting point, 6-10 hoisting steel wire ropes with different lengths are preferably distributed, the length is accurately controlled according to the shape of the roof truss unit, each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed, the stress balance and the structural shape of the roof truss unit in the hoisting process are maintained, the stress of the unit in the hoisting process is dispersed, and the deformation of warping, member bending and the like caused by uneven stress of the roof truss unit is avoided.
Example 3
An umbrella-type roof structure is installed, the umbrella-type roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 24 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 24 umbrella-type unit structures, adjacent umbrella-type unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams between the umbrella-type unit structures, and the umbrella-type roof structure connected into the whole is a high-large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; in order to facilitate the batch assembly of the umbrella-shaped roof structure and the installation of the steel structure thereof, the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure according to the shape of the steel structure and the repeated appearance positions of the components, the units are decomposed into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and an assembling jig frame is respectively erected according to the structural forms and assembled in batches;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; after the assembly is finished, the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure is integrally hoisted, the hoisted umbrella-shaped unit structure is closed at high altitude, the hoisting and closing sequence is symmetrically developed from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, the accumulated deviation during the installation is reduced, and the assembly unit is closed in high altitude welding; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roofs and wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part, in order to reduce error accumulation in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roofs and the wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part to two sides in a symmetrical mode, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction because the same type of roof units are longitudinally arranged;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
In the step (1), the weight of the door-type steel frame after being assembled and molded is less than 5 tons, assembling jig frames are erected on the main concrete structural slab during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the steel frame is immediately lifted after assembling is completed, and the jig frames are transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300X 200X 8X 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams.
In the step (2), the lattice type upright column is divided into standard units of 3m or 1.5m according to the erection height of the temporary support, a ladder stand is arranged in the temporary support, and the temporary support is used as a passage for workers to go up and down in the stages of temporary support installation and disassembly and steel structure construction; embedding temporary support mounting bolts in the main concrete structural slab, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 6 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; in order to ensure the installation precision of the steel structure, after the temporary support is installed and the cable rope is pulled, the overall station is used for positioning the midspan position coordinate and the axis of the portal steel frame on the sandbox support, so that the portal steel frame is convenient to position during installation; in order to reduce the construction cost, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water and are recycled from the previous construction section to the back.
In the step (3), the span of the portal steel frame is respectively 24m and 27m, the portal steel frame is hoisted by adopting a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 4 hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoist, the hoisting steel wire ropes accurately control the length according to the shape of the portal steel frame, so that each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and disperses the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole, so that the portal steel frame is prevented from being deformed such as bending and torsion due to the stress outside the plane.
In the step (3), when the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing roof are installed, the goose-wing roof in the longitudinal row in the middle is installed at first, after the installation is finished, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and the installation process is carried out by high-altitude welding and folding after the installation process is in place.
In the step (4), the top sandbox is slowly unloaded for multiple times in the unloading process of the sandbox support, and the vertical distance of unloading is not more than 2cm each time until the structure bears the self gravity; monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished; and if the structural deformation exceeds the design value in the unloading process, immediately stopping unloading, searching reasons together with a design unit to make a processing scheme, and unloading again after the processing is finished.
Two H-shaped curve steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure form a portal steel frame, and 24 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, namely saddle-shaped roof; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam can be separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-like shape, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
Each umbrella-shaped unit structure is 24m by 27m in size and is in an umbrella-shaped structure form; the plane dimension of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is 162m by 90.7m, and the whole roof is wavy.
In the step (1), all the welding line detection and size rechecking work of the assembly units are completed on the ground, one unit is detected every time one unit is completed, and the detection unit dispatchers are matched with the whole process detection in the steel structure assembly stage, so that the assembly quality is guaranteed to be qualified in percentage. In order to prevent the uneven settlement of the jig frame and ensure the assembling precision, a concrete foundation is arranged below the stand column of the jig frame and a jig frame embedding piece is embedded and fixed, wherein the tamping and hardening are needed to be carried out on an assembling field.
The folding welding of the roof units is also performed from the middle part to the two sides, so that the accumulated error and the welding stress of the roof in the welding process are reduced. The middle longitudinal nematic wild goose wing-shaped unit and the folding welding seam of the components between the saddle-shaped units on the two sides are firstly welded, and then the flow construction is organized between the outer side units.
Example 4
An umbrella-type roof structure is installed, the umbrella-type roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 20-30 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 20-30 umbrella-type unit structures, adjacent umbrella-type unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams between the umbrella-type unit structures, and the umbrella-type roof structure connected into the whole is a high and large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; in order to facilitate the batch assembly of the umbrella-shaped roof structure and the installation of the steel structure thereof, the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure according to the shape of the steel structure and the repeated appearance positions of the components, the units are decomposed into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and an assembling jig frame is respectively erected according to the structural forms and assembled in batches;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; after the assembly is finished, the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure is integrally hoisted, the hoisted umbrella-shaped unit structure is closed at high altitude, the hoisting and closing sequence is symmetrically developed from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, the accumulated deviation during the installation is reduced, and the assembly unit is closed in high altitude welding; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roofs and wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part, in order to reduce error accumulation in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roofs and the wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part to two sides in a symmetrical mode, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction because the same type of roof units are longitudinally arranged;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
In the step (1), the weight of the door-type steel frame after being assembled and molded is less than 5 tons, assembling jig frames are erected on the main concrete structural slab during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the steel frame is immediately lifted after assembling is completed, and the jig frames are transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300X 200X 8X 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams.
In the step (2), the lattice type upright column is divided into standard units of 2-4m or 1-2m according to the erection height of the temporary support, a crawling ladder is arranged in the temporary support, and the temporary support is used as a passage for workers to go up and down in the stages of temporary support installation and disassembly and steel structure construction; embedding temporary support mounting bolts in the main concrete structural slab, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 4-8 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; in order to ensure the installation precision of the steel structure, after the temporary support is installed and the cable rope is pulled, the overall station is used for positioning the midspan position coordinate and the axis of the portal steel frame on the sandbox support, so that the portal steel frame is convenient to position during installation; in order to reduce the construction cost, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water and are recycled from the previous construction section to the back.
In the step (3), the span of the portal steel frame is 20-25m and 26-30m respectively, the portal steel frame is hoisted by adopting a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 3-6 hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoist, the hoisting steel wire ropes accurately control the length according to the shape of the portal steel frame, each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and disperses the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole, so that the portal steel frame is prevented from being deformed such as bent, twisted and the like due to the out-of-plane stress.
In the step (3), when the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing roof are installed, the goose-wing roof in the longitudinal row in the middle is installed at first, after the installation is finished, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and the installation process is carried out by high-altitude welding and folding after the installation process is in place.
In the step (4), the top sandbox is slowly unloaded for multiple times in the unloading process of the sandbox support, and the vertical distance of unloading is not more than 2cm each time until the structure bears the self gravity; monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished; and if the structural deformation exceeds the design value in the unloading process, immediately stopping unloading, searching reasons together with a design unit to make a processing scheme, and unloading again after the processing is finished.
Two H-shaped curve steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure form a portal steel frame, and 20-30 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, namely saddle-shaped roofs; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam can be separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-like shape, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
Each umbrella-shaped unit structure has the size of (20-30) m × 25-35 m, and the shape is in the form of an umbrella-shaped structure; the plane dimension of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is (155-.
In order to further improve the technical effect of the invention, in the embodiment, in the step (3), after being hoisted in place in the installation process, the high-altitude welding is performed by using a remote control intelligent welding device, the remote control intelligent welding device comprises an intelligent control mobile main body, an ultra-clear image capturing unit, a controller, a welding mechanism and a welding auxiliary device, the ultra-clear image capturing unit, the controller, the welding mechanism and the welding auxiliary device are all arranged on the intelligent control mobile main body, and the remote control intelligent welding device can perform remote communication with a ground control device. The method for welding the high altitude by adopting the remote control intelligent welding equipment comprises the following steps:
a. checking whether each parameter of the remote control intelligent welding equipment is normal or not so as to judge whether the operation can be carried out or not;
b. controlling the intelligent control mobile body to ascend to reach an expected welding area through ground control equipment;
c. the specific situation of an expected welding area is monitored in real time through the ultra-clear image capturing unit, the optimal welding position is determined after intelligent analysis is carried out by ground control equipment, and a signal is sent out to control the intelligent control mobile body to reach the optimal welding position;
d. the controller controls the welding auxiliary equipment to be started, and after the welding auxiliary equipment is ready, the welding mechanism carries out welding operation according to a plan and monitors and feeds back the condition in real time;
e. after the overhead welding operation at the designated position is finished, the controller sends a signal to ground control equipment, the ground control equipment remotely controls the remote control intelligent welding equipment to close the welding mechanism and the welding auxiliary equipment, and moves to the next welding position, and the steps before the steps are repeated until all overhead welding operations are finished.
The welding auxiliary equipment comprises a telescopic connecting device, a telescopic fence structure and a wind sensor; the movable end of the telescopic connecting device is provided with a movable clamp holder, the telescopic enclosing structure can be unfolded to form an arc-shaped enclosing surface, the wind sensor can detect the wind power so as to determine the windward direction of the welding position, and the arc-shaped enclosing surface can prevent wind during welding according to the windward direction determined by the wind sensor.
In the step d, when the welding auxiliary equipment is opened, the telescopic connection device is firstly extended from the intelligent control moving body, and the surrounding structure of the welding position is clamped by the movable clamp holder according to the optimal welding position, so that the intelligent control moving body is kept fixed, and the welding operation is convenient. Meanwhile, the wind sensor detects the wind power and determines the windward direction of the welding position. After the intelligent control moving body is kept fixed, the telescopic enclosing structure extends in the windward direction determined by the wind sensor, and an arc-shaped enclosing surface is formed in the windward direction to block wind so as to prevent the welding operation from being influenced by the wind.
In the step e, after the overhead welding operation at the designated position is completed, the welding auxiliary equipment is closed, and the telescopic connecting device and the telescopic enclosure structure are automatically retracted to the designated position of the intelligent control moving body.
The high-altitude welding device is simple in operation, convenient to use, high in intelligent degree, safe and reliable, capable of rapidly reaching dangerous or manually inaccessible areas without workers reaching the welding area, safe in operation, capable of meeting various requirements of high-altitude welding, and wide in application range. The invention can provide a relatively closed construction environment for wind prevention during welding operation, ensures the operation quality, greatly weakens the influence of wind power on the high-altitude welding forming quality of a steel structure, and greatly improves the construction efficiency, the construction quality and the safety of on-site high-altitude welding.
The umbrella-shaped unit structure is similar to a ginkgo leaf shape and is mutually independent, and a tree-shaped steel structural member arranged by adopting a bionics principle accurately fits a skeleton of a building shape; the unit body lower part frame post adopts shaped steel (cross shaped steel) concrete column, adopts the quartering node to link to each other with upper portion roof steel construction at shaped steel concrete column capital, proves through numerical simulation analysis and full scale test: the node is novel in form and reliable in force transmission. The tops of the unit bodies need to be connected with each other and are wavy.
When the roof unit is folded and welded, an operator can lift the roof through the temporary supporting internal crawling ladder, a life line is hung on a walking channel of a roof steel beam worker, and a walking riding track is built by temporarily fixing the profiled steel sheets when the worker walks on the roof steel beam, so that the safety of roof construction is ensured.
When the unit body roof is closed, a tower crane and a 25T truck crane are used for tree-shaped support and circumferential support installation of the umbrella-shaped units, and installation is carried out by symmetrically pushing the umbrella-shaped units horizontally along the axial direction of a shaft 10 and the axial direction of a shaft 11, so that the umbrella-shaped units and the roof form a stable stress system. For short and small components in the unit body, because of light weight, for reducing occupation of large machinery, pulleys are hung on a roof steel beam and manually pulled to the inside of the unit body from the ground, and a temporary operation platform is erected by means of first horizontal support after the first horizontal support is welded, so that subsequent components are installed.
Example 5
An umbrella-type roof structure is installed, the umbrella-type roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 20-30 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 20-30 umbrella-type unit structures, adjacent umbrella-type unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams between the umbrella-type unit structures, and the umbrella-type roof structure connected into the whole is a high and large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; in order to facilitate the batch assembly of the umbrella-shaped roof structure and the installation of the steel structure thereof, the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure according to the shape of the steel structure and the repeated appearance positions of the components, the units are decomposed into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and an assembling jig frame is respectively erected according to the structural forms and assembled in batches;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; after the assembly is finished, the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure is integrally hoisted, the hoisted umbrella-shaped unit structure is closed at high altitude, the hoisting and closing sequence is symmetrically developed from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, the accumulated deviation during the installation is reduced, and the assembly unit is closed in high altitude welding; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roofs and wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part, in order to reduce error accumulation in the installation process, the saddle-shaped roofs and the wild goose wing-shaped roofs are installed from the middle part to two sides in a symmetrical mode, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction because the same type of roof units are longitudinally arranged;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
In the step (1), the weight of the door-type steel frame after being assembled and molded is less than 5 tons, assembling jig frames are erected on the main concrete structural slab during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the steel frame is immediately lifted after assembling is completed, and the jig frames are transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300X 200X 8X 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams.
In the step (2), the lattice type upright column is divided into standard units of 2-4m or 1-2m according to the erection height of the temporary support, a crawling ladder is arranged in the temporary support, and the temporary support is used as a passage for workers to go up and down in the stages of temporary support installation and disassembly and steel structure construction; pre-burying temporary support mounting bolts in the structural beam plates, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 4-8 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; in order to ensure the installation precision of the steel structure, after the temporary support is installed and the cable rope is pulled, the overall station is used for positioning the midspan position coordinate and the axis of the portal steel frame on the sandbox support, so that the portal steel frame is convenient to position during installation; in order to reduce the construction cost, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water and are recycled from the previous construction section to the back.
In the step (3), the span of the portal steel frame is 20-25m and 26-30m respectively, the portal steel frame is hoisted by adopting a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 3-6 hoisting points are uniformly distributed below the hoist, the hoisting steel wire ropes accurately control the length according to the shape of the portal steel frame, each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and disperses the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole, so that the portal steel frame is prevented from being deformed such as bent, twisted and the like due to the out-of-plane stress.
In the step (3), when the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing roof are installed, the goose-wing roof in the longitudinal row in the middle is installed at first, after the installation is finished, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and the installation process is carried out by high-altitude welding and folding after the installation process is in place.
In the step (4), the top sandbox is slowly unloaded for multiple times in the unloading process of the sandbox support, and the vertical distance of unloading is not more than 2cm each time until the structure bears the self gravity; monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished; and if the structural deformation exceeds the design value in the unloading process, immediately stopping unloading, searching reasons together with a design unit to make a processing scheme, and unloading again after the processing is finished.
Two H-shaped curve steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure form a portal steel frame, and 20-30 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, namely saddle-shaped roofs; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam can be separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-like shape, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
Each umbrella-shaped unit structure has the size of (20-30) m × 25-35 m, and the shape is in the form of an umbrella-shaped structure; the plane dimension of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is (155-.
In order to further improve the technical effect of the invention, in this embodiment, the Q345B is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.13-0.14%, Si: 0.32-0.33%, Mn: 1.5-1.8%, Pr: 0.03-0.04%, Nd: 0.035-0.05% P: 0.01-0.015%, S: 0.008-0.012%, Nb: 0.012-0.015%, Ti: 0.03-0.05%, Als: 0.032-0.035%, N: 0.008-0.01%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The Q345B is prepared by the following steps:
(1) smelting and continuously casting blank materials according to the components and the weight percentage;
(2) heating the continuous casting blank again, and preserving the heat at the temperature of 1200-1210 ℃ for 120min so as to lead the alloy to be in solid solution in a large amount; the moving speed of the blank material is 0.15-0.18m/min during reheating;
(3) after the continuous casting billet is taken out of the furnace, descaling by using a rack descaling device, and then rolling in a roughing mill, wherein the rolling temperature in the stage I is 1180-1190 ℃, and the final rolling temperature in the stage II is 900-920 ℃;
(4) after rough rolling, the steel plate enters a finishing mill set for rolling, the finishing temperature is 900-920 ℃, and the rolling is finished in 1 pass;
(5) carrying out thermal straightening;
(6) normalizing; normalizing at 870 and 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.8-2min/mm, and discharging and air cooling;
(7) and (6) checking.
Therefore, the steel girder steel truss structure has excellent mechanical property, meets the use requirement of the umbrella-shaped roof, has more stable product quality, and is more suitable for popularization and application. The invention has simple process and operation condition and is easy to realize; the cold bending cracks of the steel can be effectively prevented, and the internal quality is improved; the difficulty of steel structure installation is solved, and the production cost can be reduced. Effectively reduces the band-shaped structure and the manganese sulfide inclusion, and prevents the defects of warping and the like.
In the step (4), the temporary support is removed by adopting a tower crane or a 16-ton truck crane, the temporary support vehicles at the periphery of the structure and the overhead passenger platform can be close to each other, the 16-ton truck crane is used for removing, and the temporary support in the waiting hall is removed by adopting the tower crane. During dismantling, a lifting hook is hung on the uppermost section of lattice column, a worker goes to an operation surface through the ladder stand inside the temporary support, the temporary support is disconnected with the structure after the hook is hung, meanwhile, the guy cable and the connecting bolt between the guy cable and the lower section of lattice column are dismantled, then the temporary support unit section is hoisted and translated to the outside of the temporary support through the crane rotating arm and then is placed to the ground, and the rest support is dismantled by adopting the same method.
The structure unloading overall process real-time supervision structure warp and compare with theoretical analog value, after actual measurement numerical value satisfied the requirement, can carry out the uninstallation next time, breaks away from completely with the structure until the uninstallation is accomplished the sandbox, demolishs the sandbox and transports to ground.
And monitoring the steel truss for 4 times in stages within 24 hours after unloading is finished, wherein the monitoring time for 4 times is 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours after unloading is finished. In order to reduce the effect of temperature variations on the steel truss, unloading is typically done in the morning or in the evening.
In addition, in order to ensure the technical effect of the invention, the technical schemes of the above embodiments can be reasonably combined.
According to the embodiment, the construction method provided by the invention aims at the problems of complex modeling, numerous components, high-altitude assembly difficulty and high precision requirement of the umbrella-shaped roof structure, and selects a reasonable installation scheme, so that the construction period is effectively shortened, the construction precision is improved, and the installation quality of other related structures attached to the umbrella-shaped roof structure is improved.
The invention improves the structure installation quality and precision, and the construction is safer and more efficient, and the assembly precision is higher; the construction time is greatly saved, the occupation of ground space is greatly reduced, the accumulated deviation during installation is reduced, the welding operation amount during the folding of the splicing units is greatly reduced, and the construction safety and the construction quality are both benefited.
The invention not only can solve the restriction of construction site, but also can control the welding quantity to be completed on the ground to the maximum extent, thereby reducing the difficulty of welding operation and measuring and positioning, improving the engineering quality and shortening the total construction period; safe and reliable, convenient to assemble and disassemble and cost-saving.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for installing the umbrella-shaped roof structure is characterized in that the umbrella-shaped roof structure adopts a steel beam steel truss structure, is supported by 20-30 stiff concrete columns and is divided into 20-30 umbrella-shaped unit structures, adjacent umbrella-shaped unit structures are connected into a whole through long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beams between the umbrella-shaped unit structures, and the umbrella-shaped roof structure connected into the whole is a high-large space single-layer steel structure; the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling the ground in a modular manner; erecting an assembling jig frame on the ground, and starting the ground assembling work of the umbrella-shaped roof structure in the construction stage of the stiff concrete column; during assembly, overlapping assembly is adopted, and a plurality of umbrella-shaped unit structures are vertically overlapped and assembled on each jig frame; the complicated umbrella-shaped roof structure is split into different types of units with the same structure, the units are split into three structural forms of a portal steel frame, a saddle-shaped roof and a wild goose wing-shaped roof, and assembling jig frames respectively according to the structural forms and assembling in batches;
the weight of the assembled and molded gate-type steel frame is less than 5 tons, an assembling jig frame is erected on a main concrete structural plate during assembling, each jig frame is assembled with one steel frame, the assembling is completed and the hoisting is carried out immediately, and the jig frame is transferred to the next steel frame for assembling; when the saddle-shaped roof and the wild goose wing-shaped roof are assembled, an assembling jig frame is erected, the jig frame is erected by I-steel and is formed by welding and assembling a 45# B I-steel base, H300 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 8 multiplied by 12H-shaped steel upright posts and cross beams;
(2) mounting a temporary support; the temporary support is a lattice type temporary support and is arranged in the midspan position of the portal steel frame, a cable rope is arranged at the top of the temporary support to ensure the stability of the temporary support, and a sandbox support is arranged on the uppermost section of the temporary support;
(3) hoisting the units; integrally hoisting the assembled umbrella-shaped unit structure after assembly, hoisting the umbrella-shaped unit structure for high-altitude folding, symmetrically developing the hoisting and folding sequence from the middle part of the umbrella-shaped roof structure to two sides, and welding the assembled units at high altitude; after the temporary support is installed, the cable wind rope is pulled, and the sandbox support is placed with the control line of the portal steel frame, and then the portal steel frame is hoisted; when the door type steel frame is installed, the installation is symmetrically carried out from the middle part to the two sides; after the portal steel frame forms a latticed stable stress system, saddle-shaped roof and wild goose wing-shaped roof are installed from the middle part, the saddle-shaped roof and the wild goose wing-shaped roof are installed from the middle part to two sides symmetrically, and the roof units are installed along the long edge direction;
(4) dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation; the method comprises the steps of unloading a sandbox support, dismantling a temporary support and monitoring structural deformation.
2. The method of installing an umbrella-type roof structure according to claim 1, wherein in said step (2), the lattice-type temporary supports are divided into standard cells of 2-4m or 1-2m according to the temporary support erection height, and a ladder is provided inside the temporary supports; embedding temporary support mounting bolts in the main concrete structural slab, erecting a temporary support at each portal steel frame, and arranging 4-8 cable wind ropes at the top along the X/Y axis direction; after the temporary supports are installed and the cable ropes are pulled, the position coordinates and the axis of the midspan position of the portal steel frame are positioned on the sandbox support by using a total station, the temporary supports are erected in sections according to construction running water, and are used in a turnover mode from the previous construction section to the back.
3. The method for installing an umbrella-type roof structure according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the span of the portal steel frame is 20-25m and 26-30m respectively, the portal steel frame is hoisted by using a shoulder pole-shaped hoist, 3-6 hoisting points are uniformly distributed under the hoist, the length of the hoisting steel wire ropes is accurately controlled according to the shape of the portal steel frame, so that each steel wire rope is uniformly stressed and the stress of the portal steel frame in the hoisting process is dispersed, and meanwhile, the hoisting steel wire ropes are always in the same plane through hoisting the shoulder pole.
4. The method for installing the umbrella-shaped roof structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the step (3), when the saddle-shaped roof and the goose-wing-shaped roof are installed, the goose-wing-shaped roof with the longitudinal row in the middle is installed firstly, after the installation is finished, the installation of the saddle-shaped roof and the rest goose-wing-shaped roof is symmetrically carried out from the middle to two sides, and in the installation process, the installation is carried out in high altitude welding and folding after the hanging in place.
5. The method of installing an umbrella-type roof structure according to claim 4, wherein in said step (4), the top sandbox is slowly unloaded a plurality of times during unloading of the sandbox support, and the vertical distance of each unloading is not more than 2cm until the structure bears its own weight; and monitoring the structural deformation in the whole process of the structural deformation monitoring unit in the unloading process, and feeding back monitoring data in real time until the unloading is finished.
6. The method for installing an umbrella-shaped roof structure according to claim 5, wherein two H-shaped curved steel beams of the umbrella-shaped unit structure constitute one portal steel frame, and 20 to 30 umbrella-shaped unit structures are units with the same structure and are saddle-shaped, i.e. saddle-shaped roofs; the roof of the long strip-shaped wavy roof steel beam is separated from the wave crest to form wild goose wing-shaped roof, namely wild goose wing-shaped roof.
7. A method of installing an umbrella-shaped roof structure according to claim 6, wherein each umbrella-shaped unit structure has dimensions of (20-30) m x (25-35) m and an external form in the form of an umbrella-shaped structure; the plane size of the umbrella-shaped roof structure is (155-.
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| JP2942761B1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-08-30 | 株式会社鴻池組 | Construction method of large roof |
| CN103696494B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-03-30 | 中冶天工上海十三冶建设有限公司 | The computer of complex space trussed construction controls hydraulic synchronizing lifting construction method |
| CN105569358B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-09-29 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | The construction method on the special-shaped curved roof of large span multi-curvature |
| CN105926765B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-04-10 | 中天建设集团浙江钢构有限公司 | The regular polygon of falling umbrella steel structure module and its installation method |
| CN106499193A (en) * | 2016-10-30 | 2017-03-15 | 上海二十冶建设有限公司 | A kind of installation method of Ecology umbrella single-layer lattice shell steel construction |
| CN111620223B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-05-06 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Construction method for lifting net rack through secondary stress conversion of support |
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2021
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