CN113389095A - Ballast blowing device and method for ballast bed - Google Patents
Ballast blowing device and method for ballast bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN113389095A CN113389095A CN202110852860.8A CN202110852860A CN113389095A CN 113389095 A CN113389095 A CN 113389095A CN 202110852860 A CN202110852860 A CN 202110852860A CN 113389095 A CN113389095 A CN 113389095A
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- ballast
- blowing
- sleeper
- pipe
- outer sleeve
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
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Abstract
The invention provides a ballast blowing device and method for a ballast bed, which can realize high-efficiency ballast blowing. Ballast device is blown to railway roadbed includes: a base part; the two material collecting boxes correspond to the two bases respectively and are used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the two mounting frames correspond to the two material collecting boxes respectively, and the two material collecting boxes are erected on the two bases respectively; two blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipes link to each other with the discharge gate of two workbins that gather materials respectively, and every blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and all includes: the feeding hole is communicated with the feeding hole, the main body section extends downwards, the air guide pipe is communicated with an air inlet positioned at the upper part of the feeding pipe, the outer sleeve which is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the feeding pipe and extends downwards and is provided with a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge hole of the feeding pipe on the side wall of the bottom part, and the rotating part which is connected with the outer sleeve and is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet; and the two lifting mechanisms correspond to the two ballast blowing pipes respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway maintenance, and particularly relates to a ballast blowing device and method for a ballast bed.
Background
After a railway runs for a period of time, the track bed of the railway needs to be maintained, and the most common maintenance modes comprise track bed tamping, ballast cleaning and the like. The tamping operation is the most common, but the tamping operation has more and more obvious memory effect and is difficult to be radically cured. The fundamental reason of the memory effect is that the railway ballast is crushed into powder in the railway ballast tamping process, and additional railway ballast cannot be introduced for compensation in the tamping operation, so that the railway bed is difficult to recover to the position before maintenance under the action of repeated train load and tamping operation.
Early researchers found that laying an additional layer of ballast material on the bottom of the sleeper can keep the geometric shape and position of the track for a longer time. Practical research proves that: the railway ballast is stressed and crushed mainly under the contact of the sleeper, and the larger the railway ballast particles below the sleeper are, the more easily the railway ballast is crushed and pulverized. Therefore, the inventor proposes a maintenance concept and a maintenance method of blowing ballast into the bottom of the sleeper by using air, namely an aerodynamic stone-blasting method. The principle of the method is that a certain amount of broken stones are blown into the lower part of a raised sleeper by using aerodynamic force, the raised amount of the sleeper and the broken stone blowing-in amount can be calculated according to the preset track line shape, meanwhile, railway ballasts around the sleeper are kept undisturbed, and a certain amount of broken stones (with hard texture and small particle size) are filled into the lower part of the sleeper, so that the railway ballasts are prevented from being damaged and disturbed by tamping operation, and the memory effect of a railway bed is fundamentally eliminated.
The research shows that the ballast blowing has better maintenance effect on the track bed than tamping, and can effectively eliminate the memory effect of the track bed. At present, tamping equipment applied to a railway is more widely applied, relevant ballast blowing equipment on the market is few, effective ballast blowing equipment aiming at X-shaped sleepers is not available at home and abroad, the problems that the ballast blowing equipment cannot be blown into the railway, pipes are blocked, a large amount of unfilled areas exist at the bottom of the sleeper with insufficient actual filling amount and the like easily occur in the ballast blowing operation process, and the cost is too high due to the fact that the ballast blowing operation efficiency is far lower than that of tamping operation, so although the ballast blowing maintenance effect is better than that of tamping in theory, the problems existing in the actual ballast blowing operation process cause that the ballast blowing equipment cannot be widely used.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ballast blowing device and method for a ballast bed, which can achieve efficient ballast blowing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
< apparatus >
The invention provides a ballast blowing device for a ballast bed, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a base portion, comprising: the connecting unit is provided with at least two rows of base connecting rods, two bases which can be movably and fixedly arranged on the connecting unit along the base connecting rods, are of a frame structure and respectively correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track, and two wheel units which are symmetrically arranged and matched with the left rail and the right rail of the track are respectively arranged on the two bases; the two material collecting boxes correspond to the two bases respectively and are used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the two mounting frames correspond to the two material collecting boxes respectively, and the two material collecting boxes are erected on the two bases respectively; two blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipes link to each other with the discharge gate of two workbins that gather materials respectively, and every blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and all includes: the feeding hole is communicated with the feeding hole, the main body section extends downwards, the air guide pipe is communicated with an air inlet positioned at the upper part of the feeding pipe, the outer sleeve which is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the feeding pipe and extends downwards and is provided with a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge hole of the feeding pipe on the side wall of the bottom part, and the rotating part which is connected with the outer sleeve and is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet; and the two lifting mechanisms correspond to the two ballast blowing pipes respectively, so that the ballast blowing pipes are lowered to the ballast outlet to be aligned with the bottom of the sleeper or lifted to leave the sleeper.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further include: the ballast blowing position adjusting part is used for adjusting each ballast blowing pipe to be at a preset ballast blowing position; wherein, the base includes: two positioning transverse rods extending along the width direction of the track, two wheel transverse rods and two longitudinal rods fixedly connected with the four transverse rods; the feed inlet of the ballast blowing pipe is detachably and fixedly connected with the discharge outlet of the material collecting box; the ballast blowing position adjusting part comprises a moving groove which is arranged on each positioning transverse rod, extends along the length direction of the rod and enables the mounting rack to freely move to adjust the position so as to drive the material collecting box and the ballast blowing pipe to synchronously move, and a fixing part which fixes the mounting rack on the moving groove after the position is adjusted.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: the bottom edge of the gas-guide tube is positioned at the upper edge of the ballast outlet; the outer sleeve is detachably connected with the material guide pipe, a pipe section of the outer sleeve, which is located below the ballast outlet, is of a solid structure, the upper surface of the solid pipe section, the discharge outlet and the ballast outlet form a ballast outlet channel on the side surface together, the outer surface of the solid pipe section is in an inverted cone shape, and the vertex of the cone is an arc angle.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: the rotating piece is a rotating rod extending outwards from the side wall of the outer sleeve or a rotating mechanism which is arranged between the outer sleeve and the material guide pipe and drives the outer sleeve to rotate around the material guide pipe by a corresponding angle after receiving a rotating signal.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: the ballast blowing pipe also comprises: a buckle cylinder which is sleeved on the outside of the pipe wall of the upper part of the material guide pipe and the lower part of the air inlet and is internally provided with a buckle; the upper end of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular clamping groove matched with the buckle, the outer sleeve extends into the buckle cylinder along the material guide pipe, and the annular clamping groove is clamped with the buckle cylinder so as to connect the outer sleeve with the material guide pipe; the radian of the annular clamping groove corresponds to the rotating range of the outer sleeve.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: the range that the rotation angle of outer tube can be adjusted to the rotating member is 0 ~ 270.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further include: the two driving mechanisms are respectively arranged on the two mounting frames, are connected with the corresponding lifting mechanisms and drive the lifting mechanisms to operate; and the two air supply units are respectively arranged on the two mounting frames and connected with the air inlets of the corresponding ballast blowing pipes to provide ballast blowing air flow.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further include: each group of outer sleeves comprise two outer sleeves with the same ballast outlet size; the sizes of the ballast outlets of the outer sleeves of different groups are different and correspond to ballast materials with different particle size grading.
< method >
Further, the invention also provides a ballast blowing method for the sleeper, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the ballast blowing device for the ballast bed described in the device comprises the following steps:
step 1, moving a left base and a right base along a base connecting rod according to the width of a track to enable a left wheel unit and a right wheel unit to correspond to the tracks on two sides, and enabling a ballast blowing device of a track bed to be erected on the track through the left wheel unit and the right wheel unit and to move along the track;
step 2, moving the two ballast blowing pipes to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers respectively by adjusting the positions of the base on the track and the positions of the mounting frames on the base;
step 3, for each ballast blowing pipe, enabling the ballast blowing pipe to descend into the track bed through a lifting mechanism, and aligning a ballast outlet to a to-be-supplemented ballast area at the bottom of the sleeper after being lifted by external equipment;
step 4, opening discharge ports of the aggregate boxes, allowing ballast materials to enter a ballast blowing pipe, and blowing the ballast materials to a to-be-supplemented ballast area from ballast outlet ports under the action of air flow introduced by an air duct; according to the preset rotation process, the hydraulic filling time and the airflow speed, the direction of the ballast outlet is adjusted through the rotating piece, so that the ballast outlet is subjected to hydraulic filling in the preset direction for a certain time and under the airflow, and then the ballast outlet is rotated to the next direction for hydraulic filling until ballast materials are fully filled in all directions of a ballast area to be filled;
step 5, after the ballast blowing position is subjected to blowing filling, closing the discharge hole and the air guide port; and then repeating the steps 1 to 4 to carry out hydraulic filling on the next ballast blowing position.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: for the X-shaped sleepers, the ballast blowing positions are selected as two triangular areas surrounded by the outer ends of the two adjacent X-shaped sleepers and the outer side of the track, and the preset rotating process is as follows: firstly, an X-shaped sleeper is divided into a plurality of hydraulic filling directions to carry out hydraulic filling in sequence in a fan-shaped area from the center position of the sleeper to the outermost end of the sleeper in the direction of a ballast irradiating port, then the X-shaped sleeper is rotated to another X-shaped sleeper and is divided into a plurality of hydraulic filling directions to carry out hydraulic filling in sequence in the fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper to the center position of the sleeper in the direction of the ballast irradiating port, and therefore the two X-shaped sleepers are subjected to hydraulic filling in one ballast irradiating position.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: to traditional bar sleeper, blow the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position and select to be that single bar sleeper is located the inboard regional department in one side of track, and blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position to the sleeper outer end with to sleeper central distance equal basically, predetermined rotatory flow is: and (3) dividing a sector area of the strip-shaped sleeper from the center of the sleeper to the outermost end of the sleeper to a plurality of hydraulic fill directions according to the ballast outlet direction for performing hydraulic fill in sequence.
Preferably, the ballast blowing device for a track bed according to the present invention may further have the following features: the preset rotating process, the blowing-filling time and the air flow speed are determined according to tests, the goal is to enable ballast materials to be fully blown in all directions of a ballast area to be filled, parameters such as the rotating process, the ballast blowing time and the air flow speed are reasonably determined through the tests, and the efficiency is higher and the effect is better during actual ballast blowing operation.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the ballast blowing device and the method for the ballast bed, provided by the invention, two ballast blowing pipes are respectively moved to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers by adjusting the positions of the base on the track and the position of the mounting frame on the base, then the ballast blowing pipes are lowered into the ballast bed through the lifting mechanism, the ballast outlet is aligned to the ballast area to be replenished positioned at the bottom of the sleeper after being lifted by external equipment, then the discharge ports of the collecting boxes are opened, ballast materials enter the ballast blowing pipes, the ballast materials are blown to the ballast area to be replenished from the ballast outlet arranged on the side wall of the pipes under the action of air flow introduced by the air duct, the direction of the ballast outlet is adjusted through the rotating piece, the ballast outlet is subjected to blowing and filling in the preset direction, then the ballast outlet is rotated to the next direction through the rotating piece to be subjected to blowing and filling in all directions, and the ballast area to be replenished can be fully blown and filled through simple rotation of the angle adjustment, the hydraulic reclamation efficiency is fully improved, the hydraulic reclamation effect and quality are practically improved, and the sleeper is effectively maintained.
In addition, the outer sleeve is rotated through the rotating piece, and the bottom of the outer sleeve is of a solid structure and can play a role in preventing pipe blockage. In addition, even under extreme conditions, the outer sleeve and the guide pipe are detachably connected, so that the outer sleeve can be detached to quickly dredge, and normal operation is recovered.
In addition, the outer sleeve with the proper size of the ballast outlet is selected according to the grading of the ballast grain size of the ballast, so that the pipe blockage phenomenon in the ballast blowing process can be further avoided, and the efficiency of ballast blowing operation is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a ballast blowing device of a track bed erected on an X-shaped sleeper track according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a ballast blowing device of a track bed erected on an X-shaped sleeper track according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of a ballast blowing device of a track bed according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a half structure of a ballast blowing device of a ballast bed according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a side view of a half structure of a ballast blowing device of a ballast bed according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a material conveying port and a switch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballast blowing pipe according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of ballast blowing and filling (ballast blowing) of a ballast blowing pipe according to an embodiment of the invention in different directions by rotation;
fig. 9 is an operation schematic diagram of ballast hydraulic filling of an X-type sleeper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating ballast reclamation operations performed on a slab sleeper in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 9 and 10, two ballast blowing operations are performed correspondingly (after the first ballast blowing operation is completed, the ballast blowing device of the track bed advances to the next ballast blowing position to perform the second ballast blowing operation), the four square frames indicate the first ballast blowing operation area, and the four round-angle frames indicate the second ballast blowing operation area.
Detailed Description
The ballast blowing device and the method for the ballast bed related to the invention are explained in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
< example >
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the ballast blowing device 10 for a track bed includes a base portion 20, two material collecting boxes 30, two mounting frames 40, two ballast blowing pipes 50, two lifting mechanisms 60, a ballast blowing position adjusting portion 70, two air supply units 80, and two driving controllers 90.
The base unit 20 includes a connection unit 21, two bases 22, and two wheel units 23. As shown in fig. 2, the connection unit 21 includes four rows of connection rods 21 a. The two bases 22 are of a frame structure, are mounted on the connecting unit 21 and can move and be positioned along the connecting rod 21a, and the two bases 22 correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track respectively; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, each base 22 includes two positioning transverse rods 22a arranged in two middle rows, two wheel transverse rods 22b arranged in the foremost row and the rearmost row, and two longitudinal rods 22c fixedly connected to the four transverse rods, the four transverse rods all extend along the width direction of the track T, and the two longitudinal rods 22c are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the four transverse rods and extend along the length direction of the track T, and are fixedly connected to two ends of the four transverse rods respectively. Two wheel units 23 are respectively installed on two bases 22, and the symmetry sets up, respectively with track T left and right sides rail phase-match, in this embodiment, every wheel unit 23 includes two wheels, and the symmetry is installed in the centre of two round transverse rod 22 b. The adjustment of the distance between the left and right wheel units 23 can be achieved by adjusting the left and right bases 22 along the connecting rod 21a, thereby adapting to rails T of different gauges.
The two material collecting boxes 30 correspond to the two bases 22 respectively and are used for bearing and loading the ballast materials to be supplemented. Each material collecting box 30 has a certain capacity, the cross section is square, the side wall is inclined inwards, the whole material collecting box is in an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the bottom of the material collecting box is provided with a material conveying port 31, and as shown in fig. 6, a switch mechanism 32 is arranged at the material conveying port 31 and can adjust the opening size of the material conveying port 31 through the movement of a switch plate 32a, so that the falling speed (falling amount in unit time) of the railway ballast can be adjusted and controlled.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the two mounting frames 40 correspond to the two material collecting boxes 30, respectively, and the two material collecting boxes 30 are mounted on the two bases 22. The mounting frame 40 includes four columns 41, reaction beams 42 fixed to the top ends of the four columns 41, and a mounting plate 43 movably mounted on the lower portion of the columns 41. The four uprights 41 form the four edges of the rectangular parallelepiped region and are mounted at their bottom ends on two positioning transverse bars 22 a. The mounting plate 43 is connected to the four columns 41 via slide cylinders 43a provided at four corners, and is movable up and down along the columns 41.
The two ballast blowing pipes 50 respectively penetrate through the two mounting plates 43 to be connected with the discharge ports 31 of the two material collecting boxes 30, as shown in fig. 7, each ballast blowing pipe 50 comprises a material guide pipe 51, an air guide pipe 52, an outer sleeve 53, a rotating part 54 and a buckling cylinder 55.
The feed inlet 511 at the top of the material guide pipe 51 is detachably and fixedly connected with the material conveying port 31 of the material collecting box 30, and the main body section vertically extends downwards. The cross section of the feed inlet 511 is a reversed trapezoid with a large upper part and a small lower part.
The gas guide tube 52 is communicated with a gas inlet 512 provided at an upper side wall of the guide tube 51. The included angle between the gas-guide tube 52 and the material guide tube 51 is 45-60 degrees.
The diameter of the outer sleeve 53 is slightly larger than that of the main body section of the air duct 52, the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the material guide pipe 51 and extends downwards, and a ballast outlet 531 communicated with the material outlet 31 of the material guide pipe 51 is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve; in the embodiment, the outer sleeve 53 is detachably connected with the material guide pipe 51 in a sleeved manner, the bottom outlet of the gas guide pipe 52 is positioned at the upper edge of the ballast outlet 531 after the sleeved connection, the pipe section 532 of the outer sleeve 53 positioned below the ballast outlet 531 is of a solid structure, the upper surface of the solid pipe section 532 is in arc transition and forms a side ballast outlet channel together with the material outlet 31 and the ballast outlet 531, the outer surface of the solid pipe section 532 is in a reverse cone shape, the vertex of the cone is an arc angle, the structure is favorable for downward insertion and avoiding the damage of the pipe bottom caused by ballast blowing, and in addition, the side blowing mode of the ballast outlet 531 is also favorable for effectively blowing ballast to a larger-range ballast area to be supplemented; the upper part of the outer sleeve 53 is provided with an annular clamping groove 533 arranged along the circumferential direction, and a guide groove 534 extending upwards from the upper edge of the annular clamping groove 533 to the upper edge of the outer sleeve 53; the diameter of the ballast outlet 531 is about 50 mm.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the rotating member 54 is connected to the outer sleeve 53, and is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the outer sleeve 53 so as to adjust the spraying direction of the ballast outlet 531; in this embodiment, the rotating member 54 is a rotating rod extending outward from the sidewall of the outer sleeve 53, and can adjust the rotating angle of the outer sleeve 53 within a range of 0 to 270 °.
The outer sleeve 53 is connected with the sleeve through a buckle and can rotate within a certain range, the outer sleeve 53 is driven to rotate through the rotating handle, and the direction of the ballast outlet 531 is controlled, so that the filling range of the ballast at the bottom of the X-shaped sleeper is expanded better.
The buckle cylinder 55 is sleeved on the material guide pipe 51 and outside the pipe wall below the air inlet 512, the outer side of the buckle cylinder is detachably connected with the mounting plate 43, and a buckle matched with the annular clamping groove 533 and the guide groove 534 is arranged in the buckle cylinder; when the outer sleeve 53 extends into the buckle cylinder 55 along the material guiding pipe, the buckle enters the annular clamping groove 533 through the guide groove 534, and the buckle is clamped with the annular clamping groove 533 to realize the connection between the outer sleeve 53 and the material guiding pipe 51; when the outer sleeve 53 is rotated by the rotating member 54, the buckle rotates along the annular clamping groove 533, the radian of the annular clamping groove 533 corresponds to the rotation range of the outer sleeve 53, and the radian of the annular clamping groove 533 in this embodiment is 270 °.
The two lifting mechanisms 60 respectively correspond to the two ballast blowing pipes 50, so that the ballast blowing pipes 50 are lowered to the ballast outlet 531 to be aligned with the bottom of the sleeper or the ballast blowing pipes 50 are lifted to leave the sleeper. The two lifting mechanisms 60 are respectively installed on the two installation frames 40, the upper end of each lifting mechanism 60 is connected with the reaction beam 42, the lower end of each lifting mechanism 60 is connected with the installation plate 43, and under the driving of the lifting mechanisms 60, the installation plate 43 is lifted along the upright post 41 through the slide cylinders arranged at the four corners, and meanwhile, the material collecting box 30 and the ballast blowing pipe 50 are driven to ascend and descend. In this embodiment, two hydraulic lifting columns symmetrically disposed are used as the lifting mechanism 60.
The ballast blowing position adjusting part 70 adjusts each ballast blowing pipe 50 to be located at a preset ballast blowing position near the sleeper S, and comprises a moving groove 71 and a fixing part. The moving groove 71 is arranged on each positioning transverse rod 22a, extends along the length direction of the rod, and is matched with the upright column 41 of the mounting frame 40, so that the upright column 41 can freely move along the adjusting position, and the position of the upright column can be adjusted, and the aggregate box 30 and the ballast blowing pipe 50 can be driven to synchronously move and adjust the position. After the position of the fixing member is adjusted, the bottom end of the upright 41 is fixedly installed in the moving groove 71, and the fixing member used in this embodiment is a nut and a bolt.
The two air supply units 80 are respectively mounted on the two mounting plates 43 and connected with the air inlets 512 of the corresponding ballast blowing pipes 50 to provide the ballast blowing air flow with a predetermined flow rate, and in the embodiment, the air supply units 80 supply external air into the air inlets 512.
Two drive controllers 90 are mounted on the two mounting plates 43, respectively, each controller 90 including an integrated driver 91 and a plurality of control switches 92. The integrated driver 91 powers the lifting mechanism 60 through hydraulic hoses and powers the air supply unit 80. The control switches 92 are used to control the operations of the switching mechanism 32, the lifting mechanism 60, and the air supply unit 80, respectively. In this embodiment, integrated driver 91 is located the case 30 below that gathers materials, and integrated driver 91 and the upper portion of air feed unit 80 support the case 30 that gathers materials, thereby integrated driver 91 and air feed unit 80 during operation produce the vibration can also transmit and get into the case 30 that gathers materials and make the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. more easily get into the material conveying mouth and fall down simultaneously.
In the structure, the base 22, the wheel units 23, the aggregate box 30, the mounting frame 40, the ballast blowing pipe 50, the lifting mechanism 60, the ballast blowing position adjusting part 70 corresponding to the base 22 on the same side, the air supply unit 80 and the two driving controllers 90 jointly form a ballast blowing unit, the ballast blowing device 10 of the track bed comprises two ballast blowing units which respectively correspond to the sleepers S below the two single tracks, and ballast blowing and filling can be simultaneously performed on the ballast area to be filled at the bottoms of the sleepers S from the ballast blowing positions on the two sides.
Further, the embodiment also provides a method for blowing ballast by using the ballast blowing device 10 for a track bed, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, moving the left base and the right base along the connecting rod 21a according to the width of the track, enabling the left wheel unit 23 and the right wheel unit 23 to correspond to the tracks on the two sides, and enabling the ballast blowing device 10 of the track bed to be erected on the track T through the left wheel unit 23 and the right wheel unit 23 and to move along the track T.
And 2, respectively moving the two ballast blowing pipes 50 to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers S by adjusting the positions of the base 22 on the track T and the positions of the mounting rack 40 on the base 22.
And 3, for each ballast blowing pipe 50, downwards inserting the ballast blowing pipe 50 into the track bed through the lifting mechanism 60, and aligning the ballast outlet 531 with a to-be-compensated ballast area located at the bottom of the sleeper S after being lifted by external equipment (the sleeper is generally lifted by 50mm during operation).
Step 4, operating the driving controller 90, opening the discharge port 31 of each aggregate box 30, allowing the ballast materials to enter the ballast blowing pipe 50 under the action of gravity and vibration, and blowing the ballast materials to a ballast area to be supplemented from the ballast discharge port 531 at a high speed under the action of high-speed airflow of the air duct 52; according to a preset rotation flow, a filling time and an air flow speed, as shown in fig. 9 or 10 (a dotted arrow indicates a ballast blowing direction), the direction of the ballast outlet 531 is adjusted by the rotating member 54, so that the ballast outlet 531 performs filling for a certain time in a preset direction (indicated by a dotted arrow), and then is rotated to the next direction (indicated by a next dotted arrow) for filling until ballast to be filled in all directions (indicated by all dotted arrows in the figure) of the ballast area to be filled with ballast.
Step 5, after the ballast blowing position is filled, closing the discharge hole 31 and the air guide port; and then repeating the steps 1 to 4 to carry out hydraulic filling on the next ballast blowing position.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, for the X-shaped sleeper (the specific structure is detailed in utility model patent CN201920164115.2), the ballast blowing position (the position shown by the circle in the figure) is selected as two triangular areas surrounded by the outer ends of two adjacent X-shaped sleepers S and the outside of the track, and the predetermined rotation flow is: dividing a fan-shaped area from the center of one sleeper S to the outermost end of the sleeper S towards the center of the sleeper S according to the direction of the ballast outlet 531, performing blowing filling on the ballast outlet 531 in each direction in sequence, rotating the sleeper S towards the fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper S to the center of the sleeper S towards the ballast outlet 531 towards the other X-shaped sleeper S, dividing the fan-shaped area into a plurality of blowing filling directions, and performing blowing filling in sequence, for example, rotating the ballast outlet 531 in a clockwise direction by taking the F1 direction as a first blowing filling direction, performing blowing filling in each blowing filling direction by using corresponding air flow speed respectively until the blowing filling in the last E1 direction is completed, and thus performing blowing filling on two X-shaped sleepers S at one ballast blowing position. In the ballast blowing operation process, a higher-speed ballast blowing airflow can be adopted for a ballast region to be compensated (such as an S center region of an X-shaped sleeper) which is located far away from the ballast blowing position. In addition, when the ballast blowing device 10 moves to blow ballast at the next ballast blowing position, the ballast outlet 531 is directly rotated counterclockwise as shown by arrows F2-E2 in the figure, and the ballast is sequentially blown and filled at corresponding air flow velocities in each blowing and filling direction.
As shown in fig. 10, for the strip sleepers S, the ballast blowing position (the position shown by the circle in the figure) is selected as that a single strip sleeper S is located at one side area of the inner side of the track T, the distance from the ballast blowing position to the outer end of the sleeper is substantially equal to the distance from the ballast blowing position to the center of the sleeper, and the predetermined rotation process is as follows: the strip-shaped sleeper is uniformly divided into a plurality of hydraulic-filling directions in a fan-shaped area from the center of the sleeper to the outermost end of the sleeper in the direction of the ballast outlet 531, and the ballast outlet 531 performs hydraulic filling in all directions in sequence, for example, the ballast outlet 531 is rotated clockwise in the F3 direction as the first hydraulic-filling direction and performs hydraulic filling in all hydraulic-filling directions at corresponding air flow velocities respectively until the hydraulic filling in the last E3 direction is completed. In the ballast blowing operation process, similarly, a higher-speed ballast blowing airflow can be adopted for a ballast region to be compensated which is located at a position far away from the ballast blowing position. In addition, when the ballast blowing device 10 moves to blow ballast at the next ballast blowing position, the ballast outlet 531 is directly rotated counterclockwise as shown by arrows F4-E4 in the figure, and the ballast is sequentially blown and filled at corresponding air flow velocities in each blowing and filling direction.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The ballast blowing device and method of the ballast bed according to the present invention are not limited to the structures described in the above embodiments, but are subject to the scope defined by the claims. Any modification, or addition, or equivalent replacement by a person skilled in the art on the basis of this embodiment is within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a ballast device is blown to railway roadbed which characterized in that includes:
a base portion, comprising: the connecting unit is provided with at least two rows of base connecting rods, two bases which can be movably and fixedly arranged on the connecting unit along the base connecting rods, are of a frame structure and respectively correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track, and two wheel units which are symmetrically arranged and matched with the left rail and the right rail of the track are respectively arranged on the two bases;
the two material collecting boxes correspond to the two bases respectively and are used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials;
the two mounting frames correspond to the two material collecting boxes respectively and are erected on the two bases respectively;
two blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipes, respectively with two the discharge gate of workbin links to each other, every blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and all include: the feeding pipe is communicated with the feeding port, the main body section extends downwards, the air guide pipe is communicated with an air inlet positioned at the upper part of the feeding pipe, the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the feeding pipe and extends downwards, a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge port of the feeding pipe is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve, and the rotating part is connected with the outer sleeve and used for adjusting the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet; and
the two lifting mechanisms respectively correspond to the two ballast blowing pipes, so that the ballast blowing pipes descend to the ballast outlet and align to the bottom of the sleeper or ascend to leave the sleeper.
2. The ballast blowing device of claim 1, further comprising:
the ballast blowing position adjusting part is used for adjusting each ballast blowing pipe to be at a preset ballast blowing position;
wherein, the base includes: two positioning transverse rods extending along the width direction of the track, two wheel transverse rods and two longitudinal rods fixedly connected with the four transverse rods;
the feed inlet of the ballast blowing pipe is detachably and fixedly connected with the discharge outlet of the material collecting box;
blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position control portion including setting up every on the positioning transverse bar, extend, let thereby the mounting bracket can freely remove the adjustment position drive the case that gathers materials with blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe synchronous movement's shifting chute, and after position adjustment is good will the mounting bracket is fixed mounting on the shifting chute.
3. The ballast blowing device of claim 1, wherein:
the bottom edge of the gas-guide tube extends to the upper edge of the ballast outlet;
the outer sleeve is detachably connected with the material guide pipe, a pipe section of the outer sleeve, which is located below the ballast outlet, is of a solid structure, the upper surface of the solid pipe section, the discharge port and the ballast outlet form a side ballast outlet channel together, the outer surface of the solid pipe section is in an inverted cone shape, and the vertex of the cone is an arc angle.
4. The ballast blowing device of claim 1, wherein:
the rotating piece is a rotating rod extending outwards from the side wall of the outer sleeve or a rotating mechanism which is arranged between the outer sleeve and the material guide pipe and drives the outer sleeve to rotate around the material guide pipe by a corresponding angle after receiving a rotating signal.
5. The ballast blowing device of claim 1, wherein:
wherein, blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe still includes: a buckle cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the pipe wall of the upper part of the material guide pipe and the lower part of the air inlet and is internally provided with a buckle;
the upper end of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular clamping groove matched with the buckle, the outer sleeve extends into the buckle cylinder along the material guide pipe, so that the annular clamping groove is clamped with the buckle cylinder to further connect the outer sleeve with the material guide pipe;
the radian of the annular clamping groove corresponds to the rotation range of the outer sleeve.
6. The ballast blowing device of claim 1, wherein:
wherein, the rotating member can adjust the range of the rotation angle of the outer sleeve to be 0-270 degrees.
7. The ballast blowing device of claim 1, further comprising:
the two driving mechanisms are respectively arranged on the two mounting frames, are connected with the corresponding lifting mechanisms and drive the lifting mechanisms to operate; and
and the two air supply units are respectively arranged on the two mounting frames and are connected with the corresponding air inlets of the ballast blowing pipes to provide ballast blowing air flow.
8. A ballast blowing method for a sleeper is characterized in that the ballast blowing device of any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted for ballast blowing, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, moving a left base and a right base along a base connecting rod according to the width of a track to enable a left wheel unit and a right wheel unit to correspond to the tracks on two sides, and enabling a ballast blowing device of a track bed to be erected on the track through the left wheel unit and the right wheel unit and to move along the track;
step 2, moving the two ballast blowing pipes to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers respectively by adjusting the positions of the base on the track and the positions of the mounting frames on the base;
step 3, for each ballast blowing pipe, enabling the ballast blowing pipe to descend into the track bed through a lifting mechanism, and aligning a ballast outlet to a to-be-supplemented ballast area at the bottom of the sleeper after being lifted by external equipment;
step 4, opening discharge ports of the aggregate boxes, allowing ballast materials to enter a ballast blowing pipe, and blowing the ballast materials to a to-be-supplemented ballast area from ballast outlet ports under the action of air flow introduced by an air duct; according to a preset rotation process and the blowing-in time, the direction of the ballast outlet is adjusted through the rotating piece, so that the ballast outlet is blown-in for a certain time in the preset direction, and then the ballast outlet is rotated to the next direction for blowing-in until ballast materials are fully blown-in all directions of a ballast area to be replenished;
step 5, after the ballast blowing position is subjected to blowing filling, closing the discharge hole and the air guide port; and then repeating the steps 1 to 4 to carry out hydraulic filling on the next ballast blowing position.
9. The sleeper ballast blowing method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
wherein, to X type sleeper, blow the regional department of two triangles that tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position selection for two adjacent X type sleeper outer ends and the track outside enclose, predetermined rotatory flow is: firstly, an X-shaped sleeper is divided into a plurality of hydraulic filling directions to carry out hydraulic filling in sequence in a fan-shaped area from the center position of the sleeper to the outermost end of the sleeper in the direction of a ballast irradiating port, then the X-shaped sleeper is rotated to another X-shaped sleeper and is divided into a plurality of hydraulic filling directions to carry out hydraulic filling in sequence in the fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper to the center position of the sleeper in the direction of the ballast irradiating port, and therefore the two X-shaped sleepers are subjected to hydraulic filling in one ballast irradiating position.
10. The sleeper ballast blowing method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
wherein, to the bar sleeper, blow the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position and select to be that single bar sleeper is located the inboard regional department in one side of track, and blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position to the sleeper outer end with to sleeper central distance apart from the basic equal, predetermined rotatory flow is:
and (3) dividing a sector area of the strip-shaped sleeper from the center of the sleeper to the outermost end of the sleeper to a plurality of hydraulic fill directions according to the ballast outlet direction for performing hydraulic fill in sequence.
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| CN202110852860.8A CN113389095B (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Ballast blowing device and method for ballast bed |
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| CN202110852860.8A CN113389095B (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Ballast blowing device and method for ballast bed |
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| CN114347811A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 苏州中车氢能动力技术有限公司 | Fuel cell system for dual-system rail transit and rail transit |
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| CN113389095B (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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