CN113383788A - Application of malathion in controlling oak garden pests - Google Patents

Application of malathion in controlling oak garden pests Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113383788A
CN113383788A CN202110842545.7A CN202110842545A CN113383788A CN 113383788 A CN113383788 A CN 113383788A CN 202110842545 A CN202110842545 A CN 202110842545A CN 113383788 A CN113383788 A CN 113383788A
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pesticide
tussah
malathion
pests
garden
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陈增良
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SERICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF LIAONING
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SERICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF LIAONING
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/88—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms six-membered rings with three ring hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pesticide application, in particular to application of malathion serving as an active ingredient in the aspect of controlling pests (tussah pests and oak pests) in a tussah garden. The malathion pesticide provided by the invention can be prepared into missible oil, suspending agent, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, emulsion in water, powder, granules and other formulations by adopting a method known by the technical personnel in the field. The malathion pesticide is suitable for effectively preventing and treating predatory and phytophagous pests of chewing mouthparts, hemiptera mouthparts and licking mouthparts, such as coleoptera, hemiptera, lepidoptera, diptera, homoptera, orthoptera, mantissa, hymenoptera, spidermalida and the like in the oak garden on the premise of ensuring the safety of tussah silkworms, and is particularly suitable for preventing and treating black shouldering beetles, concave-wing broad-jawberries, lygus bugs, stinkbugs, pest armyworm bugs and the like.

Description

Application of malathion in controlling oak garden pests
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide application range, in particular to application of a pesticide taking malathion as an active ingredient in controlling tussah garden pests in tussah production.
Background
The oak leaves are the most favorite feed for tussah. The tussah is a wild silkworm with important economic value, and the growth and development stage of the larva of the tussah is completed on the tussah in a tussah garden. Under the condition of wild natural environment, the pests in the tussah garden (tussah pests and oak tree pests) pose serious threats to the normal growth and development of the tussahs, such as: the attack of predatory pests such as black broad shoulder beetle, concave-wing wide-jaw beetle, lygus bugs, arma bugs, long-horned grasshopper and the like on the tussah, and the predatory tussah pests struggle with the tussah to eat tussah leaves seriously affect the normal production of the tussah and the yield of tussah cocoons. The tussah is very sensitive to pesticide, and in the tussah garden, except for the dimethoate, the conventional pesticide is adopted, so that the poisoning and death of the tussah can be directly caused frequently, but the pests in the tussah garden still survive. The chemical pesticide powder is applied to the ground of the tussah garden to prevent and control the black broad-shoulder chafers and the longhorned grasshopper, so that higher pesticide residue and ecological environment pollution risk exist. At present, the pesticide is safe to tussah and lacks of efficient chemical control means for tussah garden pests. Therefore, how to avoid poisoning or influencing the normal growth and development of the tussah while effectively preventing and controlling the pest in the tussah garden is one of the key points and difficulties of the current tussah protection science research.
Malathion, the English common name Malathion, belongs to high-efficiency, low-toxicity insecticide and acaricide. Malathion is a non-systemic broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide, and has good contact poisoning and certain stomach poisoning and fumigating effects. After entering the body of the insect, the water is oxidized into malaxathion to play a toxic action, and when entering the body of the warm-blooded animal, the water is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase which does not exist in the body of the insect, and the toxicity is lost. The malathion has low toxicity and short residual period. The research of Linrenkui et al (2007) considers that the 45% malathion missible oil has good quick-acting property and lasting property on Coleoptera flavedo flea beetles. At present, malathion is mainly applied to storage pests and pest control on crops such as wheat, rice, vegetables and the like, but no relevant research report exists on the single use of malathion as an active ingredient and the application of a compound pesticide in tussah production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a chemical control pesticide malathion which can be applied to a tussah garden, is safe to the ecological environment of tussah, tussah trees and the tussah garden and has high efficiency on pests in the tussah garden. The pesticide is applied in the tussah garden, and is characterized in that the pesticide takes malathion as an effective component, has good selective insecticidal effect when being used at low concentration, and can ensure the safety of tussah silkworms while preventing and treating the pests in the tussah garden.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
The invention provides a pesticide for controlling pests in a tussah garden, which is characterized in that the pesticide comprises a single-component malathion.
Further, the pesticide comprises a composition of malathion in combination with other pesticide components.
Preferably, the pesticide comprises malathion and chlorfenapyr.
Preferably, the pesticide comprises malathion and the components thereof and buprofezin.
Preferably, the pesticide comprises malathion and the mixture of malathion and sulfoxaflor.
Furthermore, the pesticide can be prepared into dosage forms including missible oil, a suspending agent, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, an emulsion in water, powder and granules according to actual needs.
The invention also provides application of the pesticide, which is characterized by comprising pest control in an oak garden in the tussah production process.
Further, the application is used for controlling predatory and phytophagous pests which harm chewing mouthparts, piercing-sucking mouthparts and licking-sucking mouthparts in oak gardens, such as coleoptera, hemiptera, lepidoptera, diptera, homoptera, orthoptera, mantis, hymenoptera and arachnida.
Preferably, the application is particularly suitable for preventing and treating the Artocarpus nigripes, the Artocarpus latifolius, the lygus lucorum, the Artocarpus armatus and the longhorned grasshopper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects.
The invention provides a new application direction of malathion. The malathion can be applied to killing predatory and phytophagous pests of chewing mouthparts, piercing-sucking mouthparts and licking-sucking mouthparts in oak gardens, such as coleoptera, hemiptera, lepidoptera, diptera, homoptera, orthoptera, mantis, hymenoptera, arachnida and the like under the condition of ensuring the safe use concentration or dosage of the tussah, and is particularly suitable for controlling black shouldering beetles, concave-wing broad-jaw deck beetles, lygus bugs, tussah pests and the like. The pesticide has the characteristics of low pesticide consumption, difficult residue exceeding, low toxicity and safety to low-age tussah. On the premise of ensuring the survival of tussah in the tussah garden, predatory and phytophagous pests in the tussah garden are effectively killed, and the ecological environment protection and the production of pollution-free tussah products in the tussah garden are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of single-component malathion on tussah silkworm and black widemouth beetle.
FIG. 2A is an outdoor preliminary experiment with different combinations of AB, AC and AD in different ratios.
FIG. 3A shows the control effect of different combinations of AB, AC and AD in different ratios.
FIG. 4 shows the indoor control effect of malathion on Onya clathrata and Sixing buried insects.
FIG. 5 is a laboratory test of the safety of low concentration malathion against tussah silkworm.
FIG. 6 shows that the silkworm is not poisoned after the low concentration malathion is applied in the field.
FIG. 7 is a test of tussah poisoning symptoms caused by high concentration malathion field test.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The following are only examples of the present invention and are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Dosage form embodiments:
in the following technical scheme, an effective component A is selected from malathion, an effective component B is selected from chlorfenapyr, an effective component C is selected from buprofezin, and an effective component D is selected from sulfoxaflor.
In one embodiment of the invention, the A malathion is missible oil which is a product of Texas green overlord fine chemical industry Co., Ltd, and the content of active ingredients is 70%; b, chlorfenapyr is a suspending agent, is a product of Dongguan, a Redfeng biotechnology limited company, and has an effective component content of 30 percent; the buprofezin is a suspending agent, is a product of Jiangsu Jiang agricultural chemical Co., Ltd, and has an effective component content of 37 percent; the D-sulfoxaflor is a suspending agent which is a product of Jiangsu Suzhou Jiahui chemical industry Limited and contains 22 percent of effective components.
Example 1 oak garden pest control preliminary test.
Before pest control in the oak garden is carried out, relevant early-stage preliminary experiments are carried out in a laboratory. The test is completed in the test base of the silkworm industry scientific research institute in Liaoning province. The components of the pesticide are respectively A, A B, A C and A D, and the using dosage of the malathion in water with the tested pesticide concentration of 15L is 0.35 g-3.5 g. 5 heads of black broad-shoulder step carapaces and 10 heads of 1-2-year-old tussah silkworms are respectively placed in the disposable lunch boxes, and each treatment is repeated for 2 times. Room temperature 25 deg.C, relative humidity 70%, air temperature 27 deg.C during outdoor test. And after spraying the pesticide for 24 hours, investigating the control effect. Spraying clear water as a control treatment. And (4) carrying out statistical calculation on the correction control effect according to a conventional experimental method.
TABLE 1 Pre-test control Effect of malathion and combination pesticides on Artocarpus nigromaculata
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
。
As can be seen from Table 1, the different combinations of the insecticides have better control effect on Blackberk beetle. The components of the pesticide have good prevention and control effects on the black shoulder beetles according to the mixture ratio range in claim 1.
Example 2 control of Black broad shoulder chafer in Oak Garden.
The test was carried out 8 months in 2019 in a tussah garden in Xiuyan county, Anshan city, Liaoning province. The medicine is taken 1 time in the adult stage of the black shouldering beetle. Evenly spraying by using a knapsack manual sprayer, wherein the oak mainly comprises adult chafer silkworms, larva of the concave-wing broad-jaw chafer, a small amount of lygus, arma bug, longhorned grasshopper and defoliator, and is fine on the day of pesticide application, and the average temperature is 29.5 ℃; no rain was found in 2 days after the application. And investigating the prevention and control effect for 24 h. And (4) carrying out statistical calculation on the correction control effect according to a conventional experimental method.
TABLE 2 field control Effect of malathion and combination pesticides on Black Artocarpus heterophyllus
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
。
As can be seen from Table 2, the different combinations of insecticides all have good control effect on the adult Artocarpus nigromaculatus. The components of the pesticide have good prevention and control effects on the black shoulder beetles according to the mixture ratio range in claim 1.
Example 3 Oak gardens were used to control female-wing broad-jaw Artocarpus larvae.
In the production process of tussah, the broad-jaw stepped beetle with concave wings only damages tussah in the larval stage, which influences the production. Therefore, in the test, the prevention and control effect test of the malathion A and the combination of the malathion A, the chlorfenapyr B, the buprofezin C and the sulfoxaflor D in different proportions on the larvae of the broad jawbone is carried out in the tussah county of Xiuyan, Anshan city, Liaoning, and the using dose of the malathion in 15L of water is 0.35 g-3.5 g. The above components were processed in the proportions shown in Table 2, and the test methods were the same as in example 1.
TABLE 3 field control of Lasiofos and combination pesticides on Lauraria heterophylla larvae
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
As can be seen from Table 3, malathion A and its different mixture ratio combination with B, C, D all showed better prevention and control effect on the larvae of the broad jawbone with concave wings in the field. The malathion is shown to be used independently and combined with other pesticides in a compounding way, and has ideal prevention and control effects on the larvae of the concave-wing broad-jaw larva.
Example 4 control effects of malathion on Apolygus bug, Argus armatus and longhorned grasshopper in Oak Garden.
A test of the prevention and control effects of the malathion A and the combination of the malathion A, the chlorfenapyr B, the buprofezin C and the flonicamid D in different proportions on the lygus lucorum, the lugworm bugbane and the longhorned grasshopper is carried out in an tussah county of Xiuyan city of Anshan city, Liaoning province, and the using dose of the malathion in 15L of water is 0.35 g-3.5 g. The above 3 components were treated in the proportions shown in Table 3, and the number of 3 pests on oak trees was investigated before the test, which was the same as in example 1.
TABLE 4 field control effect of malathion and the combined pesticide on lygus lucorum, arma bug and longhorned grasshopper
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
。
As can be seen from Table 4, malathion A and its different proportions with B, C, D are combined in the oak garden to have better control effects on the bug, the arma bug and the long-horned grasshopper. The malathion is used alone and compounded with other pesticides, and has ideal prevention and control effects on the pests in the oak garden.
Example 5 Malathion vs. tussah safety test.
A malathion A and a combination of the malathion A, a chlorfenapyr B, a buprofezin C and a sulfoxaflor D in proportion are carried out in an oak garden in Fengcheng city of Liaoning province, and a safety test is carried out on the tussah, wherein 1-instar (2-4 days old) of the tussah on the tussah tree is tested, and the number of the heads of the tussah is 100. Uniformly spraying by using a knapsack manual sprayer, wherein the using dose of malathion in 15L of water is 0.35-4 g, the application day is sunny, and the average temperature is 31 ℃; there was no rain after 3 days. After 72 h, the number of tussah heads with poisoning symptoms (body curly into C or S shape, spasm, liquid regurgitation, food refusal, molt, loss of silkworm grip, hanging upside down on tussah branch, etc.) was investigated.
TABLE 5 evaluation of the safety of malathion and the combination pesticide on 1 st-instar tussah silkworm larvae
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
。
As can be seen from Table 5, the safety test evaluation of the individual application of malathion A and the combination of malathion A and B, C, D on 1-year-old tussah (2-4 days old) in the field shows that the application dosage of malathion in 15L of water is not more than 3.5 g, namely, when the application concentration of malathion is not more than 0.23g/L, no tussah poisoning is found, and the malathion is safe to the tussah.
In conclusion of the results of the wild test in the tussah garden, the malathion is taken as an active ingredient and the binary or ternary compounded insecticidal composition thereof shows better control effects on the pests in the tussah garden, such as the black shoulder beetle, the concave-wing wide-jaw beetle, the lygus lucorum, the lugwort bug, the long-horned grasshopper and the like. When the using concentration is not more than 0.23g/L, the tussah is safe. The malathion related by the invention has the advantages of good quick-acting performance and safety to the tussah with the use concentration not more than 0.23g/L, so that the malathion has great economic value in subsequent research, development, popularization and application of the malathion, and has very important significance for ensuring the normal production of the tussah and promoting the yield increase and income increase of stocked tussah farmers and the ecological environment protection of tussah gardens.

Claims (9)

1. The pesticide for preventing and controlling pests in oak garden is characterized in that the pesticide comprises a single-component malathion.
2. The pesticide for controlling pests in an oak garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pesticide comprises malathion in combination with other pesticide components.
3. The pesticide for controlling pests in an oak garden as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pesticide comprises malathion and chlorfenapyr.
4. The pesticide for controlling pests in an oak garden as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pesticide comprises malathion and buprofezin.
5. The pesticide for controlling pests in an oak garden as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pesticide comprises malathion and sulfoxaflor.
6. The pesticide for controlling pests in the oak gardens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pesticide can be prepared into dosage forms according to actual needs, such as emulsifiable concentrate, suspending agent, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, emulsion in water, powder and granules.
7. The use of a pesticide for controlling pests in tussah gardens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said use comprises pest control in tussah gardens during the production of tussah silkworms.
8. The use of the pesticide of claim 7, for controlling predatory and phytophagous pests from coleoptera, hemiptera, lepidoptera, diptera, homoptera, orthoptera, mantis, hymenoptera, arachnida and other chewing mouthparts, piercing-sucking mouthparts, and licking-sucking mouthparts affecting the normal production of tussah silkworms.
9. The use of a pesticide for controlling pests in tussah gardens as claimed in claim 8, wherein said use is particularly suitable for controlling Artocarpus nigromaculata, Artocarpus deltoides, Artocarpus armatus, longhorned longhorn beetles.
CN202110842545.7A 2020-09-06 2021-07-26 Application of malathion in controlling oak garden pests Withdrawn CN113383788A (en)

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