CN113366220A - 齿轮泵 - Google Patents

齿轮泵 Download PDF

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CN113366220A
CN113366220A CN202080011342.7A CN202080011342A CN113366220A CN 113366220 A CN113366220 A CN 113366220A CN 202080011342 A CN202080011342 A CN 202080011342A CN 113366220 A CN113366220 A CN 113366220A
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gear pump
preparation
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CN113366220B (zh
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西蒙娜·利珀特
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Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/10Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A61M60/109Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
    • A61M60/113Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20Type thereof
    • A61M60/247Positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/253Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/30Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
    • A61M60/36Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
    • A61M60/37Haemodialysis, haemofiltration or diafiltration
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/424Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/457Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being magnetic
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/845Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C13/00Adaptations of machines or pumps for special use, e.g. for extremely high pressures
    • F04C13/005Removing contaminants, deposits or scale from the pump; Cleaning
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F04C15/008Prime movers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/24Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C14/26Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/06Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00Fluid
    • F04C2210/10Fluid working
    • F04C2210/1016Blood
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/30Casings or housings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/50Bearings

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种齿轮泵,所述齿轮泵具有:壳体,所述壳体具有用于要输送的液体的入流部和用于所输送的液体的出流部以及泵腔,用于输送液体的一个或多个齿轮处于所述泵腔中,其中在壳体中存在至少一个轴承部位,在所述轴承部位中可转动地容纳有至少一个齿轮,其中入流部处于与出流部不同的平面中,并且其中至少一个第一冲洗通道与入流部和/或出流部直接地或间接地流体连接,所述第一冲洗通道朝向一个或多个轴承部位延伸。

Description

齿轮泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种齿轮泵,所述齿轮泵具有壳体,所述壳体具有用于要输送的液体的入流部和用于所输送的液体的出流部以及泵腔,一个或多个用于输送液体的齿轮处于所述泵腔中,其中在所述壳体中存在轴承部位,在所述轴承部位中可转动地容纳有齿轮或其轴。
背景技术
齿轮泵是容积泵,其中通过齿轮从吸力侧运动到压力侧来输送液体。通常,齿轮泵具有两个彼此嵌套的齿轮,然而本发明也包括如下泵,所述泵具有仅一个齿轮并且其中液体的挤压在齿轮和可转动地容纳有齿轮的壳体部件之间进行。
一个或多个齿轮或其轴在已知的齿轮泵中通常在滑动轴承中可转动地容纳,其中滑动轴承设有润滑剂,以便确保低摩擦和低噪声的运行。然而这与如下缺点相关联,即润滑剂能够到达要输送的液体中,这尤其在医学应用中是不期望的。
发明内容
因此,本发明基于如下目的,如下改进在开始提到的类型的齿轮泵,即防止要输送的液体由润滑剂污染的风险。
所述目的通过具有权利要求1和权利要求2的特征的齿轮泵来实现。
因此提出,入流部处于与出流部不同的平面中,并且第一冲洗通道与入流部和/或出流部直接地或间接地流体连接,所述第一冲洗通道朝向轴承部位延伸。因此,轴承部位自动由要输送的或所输送的液体(在下文中称为“输送液体”)在四周冲洗,所述液体因此同时用作为润滑剂。因此无需使用单独的润滑剂也有效地防止(多个)轴承部位的干式运行。
第一冲洗通道从入流部或出流部或从与其流体连接的通道延伸并且通到一个或多个用于齿轮的轴承部位中,其中在入流部和出流部之间的水平高度差提供实现下落通道的可行性,那么当泵运行时,所述下落通道始终被穿流。优选地,从下落通道中分支出第一冲洗通道。同样优选地,下落通道从泵的压力侧朝向出流部延伸。
在另一变型形式中提出,在壳体中或在壳体处存在用于驱动齿轮的磁体,并且在齿轮的压力侧上存在第二冲洗通道,所述第二冲洗通道朝向磁体延伸。当泵处于运行时,所述第二冲洗通道同样被穿流,其中输送液体到达磁体的转动区域中,使得所述磁体由介质在四周冲洗,并且在与一个或多个齿轮耦联的区域中不存在干式运行。在此因此也不需要单独的润滑剂。
也可考虑两个之前提出的构思的组合,使得根据权利要求1的齿轮泵能够构成为具有权利要求2的特征。
优选地,入流部比出流部更高地设置,并且设有下落通道,所述下落通道在入流部和出流部之间的水平高度差或其一部分之上延伸,其中下落通道与一个或多个冲洗通道流体连接。
优选地,用于齿轮的轴的一个或多个轴承部位为滑动轴承。
齿轮泵的壳体可以由多个单个的层构造,例如由金属板等构造。能够设有两个或三个分开的层,所述层彼此连接,这在污染的可能性小的情况下能够实现简单的生产以及简单的拆卸。
可考虑的是,一个层形成壳体基本体并且一个层形成盖或覆盖层,其中在壳体基本体中设置有入流部、泵腔和出流部,并且其中在覆盖层中设置有用于驱动一个或多个齿轮的磁体。
泵腔能够处于入流部的高度上并且出流部处于所述水平高度下方。
优选地,第一和第二冲洗通道彼此流体连接,使得输送液体在泵运行时在四周冲洗一个或多个用于齿轮的轴承和在磁体和一个齿轮或多个齿轮之间的区域。
此外本发明涉及根据本发明的齿轮泵的应用,所述齿轮泵用于输送生物或医学液体,尤其用于输送用于制造透析溶液的液体,例如水,或用于输送即可使用的透析溶液。
本发明还涉及根据本发明的齿轮泵在血液处理设备中的应用,尤其在透析机中的应用。优选地,齿轮泵用作为排气泵。
此外,本发明涉及一种血液处理设备,尤其具有根据本发明的齿轮泵的透析机。
关于泵的元件的、如入流部、出流部、泵腔等的位置的上述实施方案涉及在使用状态中的泵。这优选是如下状态,在所述状态中,泵竖立,其中在所述状态中,入流部和出流部水平地伸展并且齿轮也处于水平平面中。优选地,第一冲洗通道侧向地、例如水平地伸展,并且第二冲洗通道向上、优选竖直地伸展。优选地,磁体处于一个或多个齿轮上方。
在该处要注意的是,术语“一个”和“一”不强制性地指示刚好一个元件,尽管这为一个可能的实施方案,而是也能够表示多个元件。同样地,复数的使用也包含存在单独的有关元件,并且相反地单数也包括多个相关元件。
附图说明
本发明的其他细节和优点根据在附图中示出的实施例详细阐述。
附图示出:
图1示出贯穿齿轮泵的剖面图,
图2示出具有第一冲洗通道的齿轮泵的另一剖面图,
图3示出贯穿壳体基本体的剖面图;
图4示出具有密封区域的齿轮泵的另一剖面图,和
图5示出壳体和壳体基本体的立体图。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明的齿轮泵,所述齿轮泵具有壳体基本体G和覆盖层D,所述覆盖层流体密封地安放到壳体基本体G上。
在壳体基本体G中存在用于要输送的介质的入口或入流部1,其通向泵腔3,在所述泵腔中存在未示出的齿轮。在泵腔3的压力侧上,即根据图1在所述泵腔的左边存在通道5,所述通道竖直地设置并且所述通道通到出口或出流部2中。
在覆盖层D中存在第二冲洗通道4,所述第二冲洗通道通向处于覆盖层D上方的磁体M。磁体与齿轮中的至少一个齿轮共同作用,使得磁体的转动运动引起一个或多个齿轮的转动运动。
通过入口1,液体通过壳体输送到泵腔3中。所述液体通过一个或多个齿轮的转动在泵腔3中分布并且经由盖D中的输送通道4或第二冲洗通道到达磁体M的转动区域中,使得所述磁体由液体在四周冲洗并且不出现与齿轮的耦联的区域中的干式运行。通道4和5刚好上下叠置,使得确保优选的流和流动状况。
因此,输送液体的一部分从通道到达出流部2中并且一部分经由第二冲洗通道4到达磁体M的区域中。
图2示出泵的视图,在所述视图中可见第一冲洗通道6,其布置从图3中更好地可见。
通过在入流部1和出流部2之间的高度差,输送液体自动地经由下落通道5到达出流部,所述出流部位于比入口和泵腔3更低的水平高度上,而对此不需要一个或多个齿轮的运动。下落通道5用作为用于第一冲洗通道6的供应穿通部,所述第一冲洗通道如其他所有通道一样可以构成为孔。
第一冲洗通道6与滑动轴承部位7流体连接并且从下方对其供应输送液体。从那里,液体到达泵腔3中并且随后再次返回到下落通道5中,使得出现循坏流动。
由此确保,滑动轴承部位7始终由液体供应并且不需要单独的润滑剂。这有利地作用于(多个)滑动轴承部位7。
优选地,根据本发明的泵(除了输送液体之外)不具有润滑剂。
滑动轴承孔7中的一个或多个齿轮的轴的转动运动和始终新的液体通过第一冲洗管道6的入流始终用新鲜介质供应轴承部位7,这同时是用于轴承部位7的润滑剂并且本身通过所述效应更新。
通过连续的流,输送液体在泵的全部功能重要的区域中持续处于运动中。因此,重要区域持续被在四周冲洗并且没有出现通过死分支或其他不存在的死区导致的成核。
图5示出密封环8和密封件9在壳体基本体G上的布置(右边的视图)或在盖D上的布置(左边的视图),其中密封件9在壳体基本体G和盖D之间密封并且其中密封件8在齿轮泵的盖D和覆盖件A之间、即向外密封。
密封件8、9的位置构成为,使得排除死区的出现。同样由于密封件9的非常窄的定位排除在盖D和壳体基本体G之间形成间隙,所述密封件环绕泵腔3。非常小的面通过液体的运动被持久地冲洗,因此不出现成核。
可考虑的是,设有旁路通道10(参见图2),所述旁路通道用于泵的压力调节。所述旁路通道从入流部通过两个第一冲洗管路6延伸至出流部2。压力调节经由旁路螺丝进行,所述旁路螺丝插入到旁路孔10中。其密封经由旁路螺丝处的几何形状进行,使得不需要插入O形环。

Claims (13)

1.一种齿轮泵,所述齿轮泵具有:壳体,所述壳体具有用于要输送的液体的入流部和用于所输送的液体的出流部以及泵腔,一个或多个用于输送液体的齿轮处于所述泵腔中,其中在所述壳体中存在至少一个轴承部位,在所述轴承部位中可转动地容纳有至少一个齿轮,
其特征在于,
所述入流部处于与所述出流部不同的平面中,并且至少一个第一冲洗通道与所述入流部和/或所述出流部直接地或间接地流体连接,所述第一冲洗通道朝向一个或多个所述轴承部位延伸。
2.一种齿轮泵,所述齿轮泵具有:壳体,所述壳体具有用于要输送的液体的入流部和用于所输送的液体的出流部以及泵腔,一个或多个用于输送液体的齿轮处于所述泵腔中,其中在所述壳体中存在至少一个轴承部位,在所述轴承部位中可转动地容纳有所述齿轮中的至少一个齿轮,并且其中在所述壳体中存在用于驱动一个或多个所述齿轮的磁体,
其特征在于,
在所述齿轮的压力侧上存在第二冲洗通道,所述第二冲洗通道朝向所述磁体延伸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
所述齿轮泵构成有权利要求2的特征。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
所述入流部比所述出流部更高地设置,并且设有下落通道,所述下落通道在入流部和出流部之间的水平高度差之上延伸或在所述水平高度差的一部分之上延伸,其中所述下落通道与一个或多个冲洗通道流体连接。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
所述轴承部位为滑动轴承。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
所述壳体由多个单独的层构造。
7.根据权利要求6所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
一个层形成壳体基本体,并且一个层形成覆盖层,其中在所述壳体基本体中设置有所述入流部、所述泵腔和所述出流部,并且其中在所述覆盖层中设置有用于驱动一个或多个所述齿轮的磁体。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
所述泵腔处于所述入流部的高度上,并且所述出流部处于所述水平高度下方。
9.根据权利要求3至8中任一项所述的齿轮泵,
其特征在于,
所述第一冲洗通道和所述第二冲洗通道彼此流体连接。
10.一种根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的齿轮泵的应用,所述齿轮泵用于输送生物或医学液体,尤其用于输送用于制造透析溶液的液体或用于输送透析溶液。
11.一种根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的齿轮泵的应用,所述齿轮泵在血液处理设备中、尤其在透析机中使用。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的应用,
其特征在于,
所述齿轮泵用作为排气泵。
13.一种血液处理设备,尤其透析机,具有根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的齿轮泵。
CN202080011342.7A 2019-01-28 2020-01-27 齿轮泵 Active CN113366220B (zh)

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