CN113363392A - Preparation method of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkled seal and organic solar cell - Google Patents

Preparation method of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkled seal and organic solar cell Download PDF

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CN113363392A
CN113363392A CN202110598354.0A CN202110598354A CN113363392A CN 113363392 A CN113363392 A CN 113363392A CN 202110598354 A CN202110598354 A CN 202110598354A CN 113363392 A CN113363392 A CN 113363392A
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pdms
transport layer
solar cell
hole transport
organic solar
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郑燕琼
李维光
陈俊聪
李喜峰
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/20—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
    • B05D1/005—Spin coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) folded stamp and an organic solar cell. The preparation method of the PDMS wrinkled stamp provided by the invention is based on the condensation self-assembly of water vapor on the surface of a polymer, and the compressive stress generated by spin coating is combined to enable the epidermal layer of the PDMS film to be unstable so as to form a wrinkled periodic structure. The water vapor self-assembly serves as a master in the traditional method, and the master is removed after the water vapor is evaporated and dried. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the PDMS wrinkle seal provided by the invention has the characteristics of simplicity, low cost and the like, and the size of the generated wrinkle is adjustable, so that a similar wrinkle micro-nano structure is formed in an organic solar cell functional layer applying the PDMS wrinkle seal, and the photoelectric conversion capability of a cell is improved while the characteristics of low preparation cost, high preparation efficiency and the like are achieved.

Description

Preparation method of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkled seal and organic solar cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano processing and solar cell preparation, in particular to a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkled seal and a preparation method of an organic solar cell.
Background
In order to obtain a wrinkled stamp, extensive research has found that the generation of the wrinkled structure must be based on substrate and skin layers having different elastic moduli. On the basis, double-layer film samples with different physical properties are required to be obtained, and then stress is introduced to ensure that the samples are unstable to form a wrinkle structure.
The existing common methods for preparing the folded seal include a tension method, a solvent induction method, a template printing method, a laser direct writing method and the like. The tension method needs mechanical assistance, the stress is generally large, and only folds with common macro scale can be obtained; the folds prepared by the solvent induction method are sensitive to the diffusion behavior of the solvent, have high requirements on the environment and are difficult to prepare in a large area; the template printing method can obtain a stamp replica similar to the master plate, but a relatively complex process of demoulding the master plate and preparing the master plate in advance exists; although the size of the obtained folds is smaller and adjustable by the laser direct writing method, the used equipment is high in price, and the preparation cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a PDMS wrinkle seal and a preparation method of an organic solar cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a preparation method of a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkled stamp comprises the following steps:
mixing a PDMS prepolymer and a curing agent according to a set mass ratio, placing the mixture in a glassware, and adding a solvent to dilute the mixture to obtain a PDMS mixed solution;
stirring the PDMS mixed solution for a first set time, and then carrying out vacuum degassing for 20-30 minutes for later use;
heating deionized water to boil, and introducing the generated steam into a spin coater to make the environmental humidity reach dynamic balance;
keeping the heating temperature unchanged, horizontally placing the cleaned substrate after the humidity stabilization time reaches a second set time, dropwise adding 100-200 microliters of degassed PDMS mixed solution at a constant speed on the substrate, and standing for 60-120 seconds;
fixing the substrate dropwise added with the degassed PDMS mixed solution on a spin coater, and spin-coating at the rotating speed of 2000-6000 rpm for 60 seconds after the environmental humidity is stabilized again;
and horizontally placing the spin-coated substrate at 80-200 ℃ for annealing for 3-10 hours to obtain the PDMS wrinkle seal.
Preferably, the set mass ratio is a mass ratio of 10: 1.
Preferably, the first set time is 3 to 5 minutes.
Preferably, the manner in which the ambient humidity is allowed to reach a dynamic equilibrium is: monitoring the ambient humidity using a hygrometer to maintain the ambient humidity within a range of 60% to 90%.
Preferably, the second set time is 3 minutes.
A method of fabricating an organic solar cell, comprising:
growing a hole transport layer on a substrate; the film thickness of the hole transport layer is 20-50 nm;
growing an active layer on the hole transport layer; the film thickness of the active layer is 80-150 nm;
attaching the prepared PDMS wrinkle seal to the hole transport layer or the active layer by using air pressure;
keeping imprinting for 5-10 minutes under the pressure of 1-2 MPa to transfer the pattern of the PDMS wrinkle seal to the hole transport layer or the active layer; then, transferring the folded seal into a vacuum evaporation cavity after the folded seal is separated from the hole transport layer or the active layer, and preparing a subsequent electron transport layer by adopting a vacuum evaporation method;
and evaporating a metal cathode on the electron transport layer to prepare the organic solar cell.
Preferably, the material of the hole transport layer is any one of PEDOT, PSS, TFB, Poly-TPD, PTAA, BFB, PFHB, PFNIBT, PFN-OX and PFN-100.
Preferably, the process of growing the active layer on the hole transport layer is:
mixing a donor material and an acceptor material of an organic solar cell, and dissolving the mixture in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 10-50 mg/ml;
after the mixed solution is coated on the hole transport layer in a spin mode, the active layer is prepared after natural drying or low-temperature calcination for specific time;
the donor material of the organic solar cell is one or more of P3HT, PTB7, PTB7-Th, PCPDTBT, PCDTBT, MEH-PPV, PCBTDPP, PDPP3T, PDPP5T, PBDTTPD, PTQ10, Y6 and PDCBT;
the acceptor material of the organic solar cell is PC61BM、ITIC、IEICO-4F、PC71One or more of BM, B-4TPDI, M6 and FBDT-IC;
the organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dichloromethane, toluene, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene.
Preferably, the material for preparing the electron transport layer is one or more of BCP, TPBi, Bphen, LiF, LiQ, C60-COOH-SAM and PDINO.
Preferably, the material for preparing the metal cathode is one or more of AL, Ag and Mg.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the preparation method of the PDMS wrinkled stamp and the organic solar cell, provided by the invention, the compressive stress generated by spin coating is combined to cause the skin layer of the PDMS film to be unstable to form a wrinkled periodic structure based on the condensation self-assembly of water vapor on the surface of a polymer. The water vapor self-assembly serves as a master in the traditional method, and the master is removed after the water vapor is evaporated and dried. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the PDMS wrinkle seal provided by the invention has the characteristics of simplicity, low cost and the like, and the size of the generated wrinkles is adjustable, so that the organic solar cell applying the PDMS wrinkle seal has the characteristics of low preparation cost, high preparation efficiency and the like and also has good photoelectric conversion capability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a PDMS wrinkle stamp according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating an organic solar cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a PDMS wrinkled stamp prepared in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing water contact angles before and after imprinting of a hole transport layer PEDOT: PSS and an active layer P3HT: PCBM in an example of the present invention; wherein, FIG. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of water contact angle of a hole transport layer PEDOT before PSS imprinting; FIG. 4(b) is a schematic representation of water contact angle of the hole transport layer PEDOT PSS after imprinting; FIG. 4(c) is a schematic representation of the water contact angle of the active layer P3HT before PCBM imprinting; FIG. 4(d) is a schematic representation of the water contact angle of the active layer P3HT after PCBM imprinting;
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of front and back absorption spectra of a cavity transport layer and an active layer imprinted by a PDMS wrinkled stamp in an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5(a) is a comparison graph of absorption spectra before and after a PDMS wrinkled stamp is stamped on a hole transport layer according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5(b) is a comparison graph of absorption spectra before and after imprinting an active layer on a PDMS wrinkled stamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic solar cell fabricated according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a), (b) and (c) in fig. 6 are schematic diagrams of 3 different structures of the active layer;
FIG. 7 shows that PDMS wrinkled stamps of example 1 and example 2 of the present invention imprint PEDOT: PSS layer and P3HT: PC respectively61Comparing the results of the performance of the device after the BM layer; wherein, FIG. 7(a) is a comparison graph of the device performance after the PDMS wrinkled stamps in example 1 and example 2 stamp PEDOT and PSS layer respectively; FIG. 7(b) is the PDMS stamp of example 1 and example 2Respectively imprinting P3HT: PC61Comparing the results of the performance of the device after the BM layer;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkle seal which is low in cost, quick, free of a mother plate and capable of being processed in a large area and a preparation method of an organic solar cell.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing a PDMS wrinkled stamp provided by the present invention includes:
step 100: mixing the PDMS prepolymer and a curing agent according to a set mass ratio, placing the mixture in a glass ware, and adding a solvent to dilute the mixture to obtain a PDMS mixed solution. The specific operation process of the step is as follows: mixing the PDMS prepolymer and a curing agent in a mass ratio of 10:1, placing the mixture in a glass ware, and adding a proper amount of solvent for dilution.
The polymer PDMS used in the present invention may be replaced by other polymers, such as one of PS, PSF, PI, PET, etc., or a binary mixture of them mixed with PDMS. Solvents used to dilute the PDMS material are chloroform, silicone oil, or cyclohexane, among others.
Step 101: stirring the PDMS mixed solution for a first set time, and then performing vacuum degassing for 20-30 minutes for later use. The specific operation process of the step is as follows: and fully stirring the PDMS mixed solution for about 3-5 minutes, and performing vacuum degassing for 20-30 minutes for later use to ensure that no bubbles exist in the mixed solution before use.
Step 102: after heating the deionized water to boiling, the generated steam is introduced into a spin coater to make the environmental humidity reach dynamic equilibrium. The specific operation process of the step is as follows: adding a proper amount of deionized water into glass or other vessels, and heating until boiling to generate steam. And introducing the steam into a spin coater to obtain a dynamically balanced high-humidity environment. And (3) monitoring by using a hygrometer to adjust the humidity within the range of 60% -90%, and carrying out the next operation after the humidity is stabilized for 3 minutes.
Step 103: and horizontally placing the cleaned substrate after the humidity stabilization time reaches a second set time, dropwise adding 100-200 microliters of degassed PDMS mixed solution onto the substrate at a constant speed, and standing for 60-120 seconds.
Step 104: and (3) fixing the substrate dropwise added with the degassed PDMS mixed solution on a spin coater, and spin-coating at the rotating speed of 2000-6000 rpm for 60 seconds after the environmental humidity is stabilized again. The specific operation process of the step is as follows: and transferring the substrate, fixing the substrate on a spin coater, starting the spin coater after waiting for a certain time and re-stabilizing the environmental humidity, and spin-coating at the rotating speed of 2000-6000 rpm for 60 seconds. Wherein the vapor flow rate of the water vapor needs to be sufficiently strong and stable during the spin coating process.
Step 105: and horizontally placing the spin-coated substrate at 80-200 ℃ for annealing for 3-10 hours to obtain the PDMS wrinkle seal.
In conclusion, the gas phase forming method can be used for preparing PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) folded seals rapidly in batches, is simple in process, free of expensive equipment and low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale production. The PDMS wrinkle seal has wide practical value, can be used for impressing a plurality of functional layers in an organic solar cell to obtain a wrinkle micro-nano structure, and can also be applied to a plurality of fields such as soft etching, ultraviolet impressing and photoelectric devices.
Further, based on the PDMS wrinkle stamp prepared above, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an organic solar cell using the PDMS wrinkle stamp, as shown in fig. 2, the method for preparing an organic solar cell includes:
step 200: a hole transport layer is grown on the substrate. The thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 to 50 nm.
Based on the material preparation and film thickness requirements that can be adopted in step 200, the specific growth process of the hole transport layer in step 200 is as follows: a hole transport layer film is prepared on a cleaned substrate such as ITO glass by spin coating of one of materials such as PEDOT, PSS, TFB, Poly-TPD, PTAA, BFB, PFHB, PFNIBT, PFN-OX and PFN-100, and the film thickness is controlled to be 20-50 nm.
The steps of cleaning the substrates such as ITO glass are as follows: and rubbing the substrate by using a lotion aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone for 20 minutes, repeating the ultrasonic treatment for three times, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in deionized water for 20 minutes, repeating the ultrasonic treatment for 2 times, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in isopropanol for 20 minutes, repeating the ultrasonic treatment for 2 times, and storing for later use.
Step 201: an active layer is grown on the hole transport layer. The film thickness of the active layer is 80 to 150 nm.
Based on the preparation materials and film thickness requirements that can be adopted in step 201, the specific preparation process of the active layer in step 201 is as follows: one or more of donor materials P3HT, PTB7, PTB7-Th, PCPDTBT, PCDTBT, MEH-PPV, PCBTDPP, PDPP3T, PDPP5T, PBDTTPD, PTQ10, Y6 and PDCBT of the organic solar cell and acceptor material PC61BM、ITIC、IEICO-4F、PC71One or more of BM, B-4TPDI, M6 and FBDT-IC are mixed and then dissolved in one or more of organic solvents chloroform, dichloromethane, toluene, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene to prepare a solution with the concentration of 10-50 mg/ml, a film is formed on the hole transport layer by spin coating, an active layer film is prepared, and the film thickness is controlled to be 80-150 nm after natural drying or low-temperature calcination for a certain time.
Step 202: and adhering the PDMS wrinkle seal prepared by the method to the hole transport layer or the active layer by using air pressure. Specifically, the prepared hole transport layer or active layer and the substrate are placed below a vacuum air compressor, the PDMS folded seal is fixed above the vacuum air compressor, the seal is attached to the hole transport layer or active layer film by air pressure, the folded seal is separated from the surface of the film after being pressed for 5-10 minutes under the pressure of 1-2 MPa, and the hole transport layer or the active layer is not damaged and interfered in the pressing process.
Step 203: keeping imprinting for 5-10 minutes under the pressure of 1-2 MPa to transfer the pattern of the PDMS wrinkle seal to a hole transport layer or an active layer;and then, transferring the folded stamp into a vacuum evaporation cavity after the folded stamp is separated from the hole transport layer or the active layer, and preparing the electron transport layer by adopting a vacuum evaporation method. Specifically, after the above steps are completed, the substrate including the hole transport layer and the active layer is removed and transferred into a vacuum evaporation chamber. Vacuumizing to 5X 10-4And (2) preparing an electron transport layer below Pa by adopting a vacuum evaporation mode, wherein the electron transport layer comprises one or more of BCP, TPBi, Bphen, LiF, LiQ, C60-COOH-SAM and PDINO.
Step 204: and (4) evaporating a metal cathode on the electron transport layer to prepare the organic solar cell. Specifically, one or more of Al, Ag, Mg and Ag are evaporated to prepare a metal cathode, a complete solar cell device is formed, and J-V, external quantum efficiency and other performances are tested. The evaporation rates of the organic material and the metal are respectively controlled to be 0.3-0.8A/s and 1.0-5.0A/s. The complete structure of the prepared organic solar cell is shown in fig. 6.
The following is a description of a specific method for imprinting different functional layers of an organic solar cell with a wrinkle stamp.
Example one
The example of imprinting a PEDOT: PSS hole transport layer is illustrated: the ITO glass substrate is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning through a lotion, acetone, deionized water and isopropanol, treated for 15-30 minutes through UV-O3, then 50-80 microliters of a cavity transport layer PEDOT (PSS) solution is dripped, a film with the thickness of about 30nm is obtained through spin coating at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 45-60 seconds, and then annealing is carried out at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ for 10 minutes. And after taking out, adhering the prepared PDMS wrinkled stamp to a PEDOT PSS film, placing the PDMS wrinkled stamp on a vacuum air compressor, keeping the stamp for 5-10 minutes under the pressure of 1-2 MPa, and then demoulding, wherein the film is ensured not to be damaged in the middle stamp process. Continuously annealing at 100-130 ℃ for 5-8 minutes. After the imprinting is finished, transferring ITO/PEDOT: PSS into an N2 glove box, and dropwise adding 50-80 microliters of active layer P3HT: PC61And spin-coating the BM solution at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 30-60 s, annealing at 110 ℃ for 10-15 minutes, transferring the BM solution into a vacuum evaporation chamber, and depositing a 5-10 nm BCP electron transport layer and 80-100 nm cathode Al. And finishing the preparation of the organic solar cell device based on the fold array hole transport layer.
SEM images of PDMS pleat stamps are shown in fig. 3, with uniform pleat width and height. Water contact angles before and after imprinting of PEDOT PSS films are shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), and the water contact angles after imprinting are increased, which indicates that the surface is roughened, while the absorption spectrum is enhanced as compared with that shown in FIG. 5 (a). The short-circuit current and external quantum efficiency of the corresponding OPV device are significantly improved as shown in fig. 7(a) and 7 (b).
Example two
With impression P3HT: PC61The BM active layer is described as an example: the ITO glass substrate is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning in a cleaning agent, acetone, deionized water and isopropanol and subjected to UV-O3And (3) processing for 15-30 minutes, then dropwise adding 50-80 microliters of a cavity transport layer PEDOT (PSS) solution, spin-coating at 2000-3000 rpm for 45-60 seconds to obtain a film with the thickness of about 30nm, and annealing at 100-130 ℃ for 10 minutes. Transferring ITO/PEDOT PSS into an N2 glove box, and dropwise adding 50-80 microliters of active layer P3HT PC61And spin-coating the BM solution at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 30-60 s, naturally drying for a proper time, attaching the prepared PDMS wrinkle seal to a P3HT: PC61BM film, placing the PDMS wrinkle seal on a vacuum air compressor, keeping imprinting for 5-10 minutes under the pressure of 1-2 MPa, and then demolding, wherein the middle imprinting process ensures that the active layer film is not damaged. Mixing P3HT with PC61And (3) annealing the BM film for 10-15 minutes at 110 ℃, transferring the BM film into a vacuum evaporation chamber, and depositing a 5-10 nm BCP electron transport layer and 80-100 nm cathode Al. And finishing the preparation of the organic solar cell device based on the folded array active layer.
P3HT:PC61The water contact angles before and after imprinting of the BM active layer thin film are shown in fig. 4(c) and 4(d), and the water contact angle after imprinting is increased, indicating that the surface is roughened, while the absorption spectrum is enhanced as compared with that shown in fig. 5 (b). The short-circuit current and external quantum efficiency of the corresponding OPV device are significantly improved as shown in fig. 7(a) and 7 (b).
In the above examples, the performance of the prepared organic solar cell was tested by using the AM 1.5G standard solar cell test system and the 7-SCSpec solar cell test system.
In summary, the above technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. the invention takes the water vapor as the mother plate, does not need other additional mother plates, has simple equipment and convenient operation, and reduces the production cost.
2. The invention obtains the fold unit structure with the best shape based on the synergistic effect of the compressive stress generated by water condensation self-assembly and spin coating.
3. According to the invention, different fold cycle heights and depths are obtained by regulating the humidity between 60% and 90% in a large range through regulating the water vapor flow, controlling the conditions such as spin coating rotation speed and the like, so that the size is adjustable, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
4. The raw materials used by the invention are only deionized water, PDMS prepolymer and curing agent, and the method does not need other materials such as metal, photoresist and the like with different stresses in the conventional scheme for preparing the folded stamp, thereby greatly reducing the production cost from the material perspective.
5. The PDMS wrinkled seal is formed by water vapor self-assembly, is different from the prior wrinkled seal preparation method which needs a transfer process, and reduces the complexity of the preparation process.
6. The method does not need expensive equipment for generating the water vapor gas phase environment, is simple and easy to obtain, has simple film forming equipment and can be prepared in batches.
7. According to the invention, the PDMS wrinkle periodic structures with different sizes can be obtained by adjusting the spin coating rotation speed, time, humidity, steam flow and other process conditions, and the size range is more elastic and controllable.
8. The invention mainly applies the prepared PDMS wrinkle seal to an organic solar cell, greatly improves the photoelectric conversion capability of the device and has wide application prospect.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) wrinkled seal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing a PDMS prepolymer and a curing agent according to a set mass ratio, placing the mixture in a glassware, and adding a solvent to dilute the mixture to obtain a PDMS mixed solution;
stirring the PDMS mixed solution for a first set time, and then carrying out vacuum degassing for 20-30 minutes for later use;
heating deionized water to boil, and introducing the generated steam into a spin coater to make the environmental humidity reach dynamic balance;
after the humidity stabilization time reaches a second set time, horizontally placing the cleaned substrate, and dropwise adding 100-200 microliters of degassed PDMS mixed solution onto the substrate at a constant speed for standing for 60-120 seconds;
fixing the substrate dropwise added with the degassed PDMS mixed solution on a spin coater, and spin-coating at 2000-6000 rpm for 60 seconds after the environmental humidity is stabilized again;
and horizontally placing the spin-coated substrate at 80-200 ℃ for annealing for 3-10 hours to obtain the PDMS wrinkle seal.
2. The method for preparing a PDMS wrinkle stamp according to claim 1, wherein the set mass ratio is 10: 1.
3. The method for preparing a PDMS wrinkle stamp according to claim 1, wherein the first setting time is 3 to 5 minutes.
4. The method for preparing a PDMS wrinkle stamp according to claim 1, wherein the manner of dynamically balancing the environmental humidity is as follows: monitoring the ambient humidity using a hygrometer to maintain the ambient humidity within a range of 60% to 90%.
5. The method of preparing a PDMS wrinkle stamp of claim 1, wherein the second setting time is 3 minutes.
6. A method for manufacturing an organic solar cell, comprising:
growing a hole transport layer on a substrate; the film thickness of the hole transport layer is 20-50 nm;
growing an active layer on the hole transport layer; the film thickness of the active layer is 80-150 nm;
attaching the PDMS wrinkled stamp prepared according to any one of the claims 1-5 to the hole transport layer or the active layer by using air pressure;
keeping imprinting for 5-10 minutes under the pressure of 1-2 MPa to transfer the pattern of the PDMS wrinkle seal to the hole transport layer or the active layer; then, transferring the folded seal into a vacuum evaporation cavity after the folded seal is separated from the hole transport layer or the active layer, and preparing an electron transport layer by adopting a vacuum evaporation method;
and evaporating a metal cathode on the electron transport layer to prepare the organic solar cell.
7. The method for preparing an organic solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the hole transport layer is made of any one of PEDOT, PSS, TFB, Poly-TPD, PTAA, BFB, PFHB, PFNIBT, PFN-OX and PFN-100.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of growing the active layer on the hole transport layer comprises:
mixing a donor material and an acceptor material of an organic solar cell, and dissolving the mixture in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of 10-50 mg/ml;
after the mixed solution is coated on the hole transport layer in a spin mode, the active layer is prepared after natural drying or low-temperature calcination for specific time;
the donor material of the organic solar cell is one or more of P3HT, PTB7, PTB7-Th, PCPDTBT, PCDTBT, MEH-PPV, PCBTDPP, PDPP3T, PDPP5T, PBDTTPD, PTQ10, Y6 and PDCBT;
the acceptor material of the organic solar cell is PC61BM、ITIC、IEICO-4F、PC71One or more of BM, B-4TPDI, M6 and FBDT-IC;
the organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dichloromethane, toluene, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the electron transport layer is made of one or more of BCP, TPBi, Bphen, LiF, LiQ, C60-COOH-SAM, and PDINO.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal cathode is made of one or more of AL, Ag and Mg.
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