CN113355747A - 三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的制备方法及其应用,属于非线性光学材料技术领域,也涉及三方相HgS晶体的制备技术领域。将Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2与去离子水混合进行水热反应,待反应结束后过滤取得固相,经常温干燥,得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体。本发明采用水热反应具有一步反应的优点,且反应周期较短、产率可达85%以上。该三方相HgS非线性光学晶体可用于红外波段的倍频晶体,具有优异的红外非线性光学性能,在波长2100 nm激光照射下,其倍频效应为AGS的0.8倍,且能实现相位匹配。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于非线性光学材料技术领域,也涉及三方相HgS晶体的制备技术领域。
背景技术
红外非线性光学晶体作为变频晶体,可用于红外遥感、气体检测、激光医疗、激光加工等民用、医用、军用领域。目前商业上广泛使用的红外非线性光学晶体材料有AgGaS2(AGS)、AgGaSe2(AGSe)、ZnGeP2(ZGP),它们的优点是非线性光学系数大,但是缺点是抗激光损伤阈值低。因此,红外非线性光学晶体材料的研究仍是非线性光学领域的重点和难点之一。其中,二元硫属化合物相比三元及以上的硫属化合物,具有结构简单、合成便利等优点,引起了业内的注意。
HgS有三种晶相:三方相(P3221)、立方相(F-43m)、立方相(Fm-3m),且都结晶于非心空间群,可能具有非线性光学效应。其中,三方相HgS是低温相,在升高温度(300 ℃左右)和一定压强下,会转变成黑色立方相晶体。
三方相HgS晶体材料结晶于三方晶系P3221空间群,晶胞参数为a = b = 4.1433(2) Å, c = 9.4920(11) Å, α = β = 90°, γ = 120 °, 单胞体积为141.12(2) Å3, Z =1。汞原子和两个硫原子相连,形成哑铃状HgS2基团,HgS2基团通过硫原子相连,沿c轴形成一维链状结构。
根据文献调研,有关于不同晶相的HgS在温度、压力作用下转换,以及三方相HgS的其他性质和用途的文献报道,但是至今没有三方相HgS用于红外非线性光学晶体材料的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的制备方法。
本发明技术方案是:将Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2与去离子水混合进行水热反应,待反应结束后过滤取得固相,经常温干燥,得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体。
本发明以氯化汞(HgCl2)为汞源,以九水硫化钠(Na2S·9H2O)为硫源,以去离子水作为溶剂,采用水热法制备,产率可达85 %以上。
本发明反应方程式为:Na2S·9H2O + HgCl2 = HgS + 2NaCl + 9H2O 。
现有技术中公开了三方相HgS的合成方法:将HgI粉末溶于K2S水溶液,得到立方相HgS晶体;再将立方相HgS晶体置于K2S水溶液中数周,得到三方相HgS晶体。与此相比,本发明采用水热反应具有一步反应的优点,且反应周期较短、产率提高。
本发明的优点:
1、本发明合成方法简便、原料易得、反应条件温和,纯度高且重复性好,可用于大规模生产。
2、得到的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体在空气、水、醇中稳定存在,物化性质优异。
3、本发明二元硫属化合物晶体在2100 nm激光照射下表现出I类相位匹配,且其倍频效应与AGS相当 (0.8 × AGS)。
进一步地,本发明所述Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2的投料摩尔比为4∶1,其中Na2S·9H2O过量,是晶体结晶度和产率的保证。
将Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2与去离子水混合后置于反应釜中,再将反应釜置入烘箱,以1.6 ℃/min的速率升温至200 ℃, 恒温3天,再以1.6 ℃/h 的速率降温至40 ℃后取出反应釜,再将反应物过滤,取得固相。
本发明另一目的是提出以上方法制备的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的应用。
本发明方法制备的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体可用于红外波段的倍频晶体。
现有技术中已有立方相HgS的非线性光学性能的研究。本发明方法制备的三方相HgS晶体具有优异的红外非线性光学性能,在波长2100 nm激光照射下,其倍频效应为AGS的0.8倍,且能实现相位匹配。
附图说明
图1为本发明所得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的结构示意图。
图2为本发明所得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的实验XRD谱图和单晶数据拟合的XRD谱图。
图3为本发明所得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的粉末倍频效应。
图4为本发明所得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体和AGS在最大尺寸粒径 (150-200 μm)的倍频效应对比图。
具体实施方式
1、合成三方相HgS非线性光学晶体:
在20 ml的水热反应釜中加入4 mol的Na2S·9H2O和1 mol 的HgCl2,再加入5 ml去离子水作为溶剂,将反应釜置入烘箱,以1.6 ℃/min的速率升温至200 ℃,恒温3天,再以1.6 ℃/h 的速率降温至40 ℃。取出反应釜,蒸馏水过滤,常温干燥,得到红色块状三方相HgS非线性光学晶体。
2、合成的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体性状:
经单晶X射线衍射分析证明,合成的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体化学式为HgS,汞原子和邻近的两个硫原子相连,形成哑铃状的HgS2单元,然后通过硫原子相连,形成一维链状结构。结晶于三方空间群P3221空间群,晶胞参数为:a = b = 4.1433(2) Å, c = 9.4920(11) Å, α = β = 90°, γ = 120 °, 单胞体积为141.12(2) Å3, Z = 1。
3、如图1所示,将本发明所得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体用玛瑙研钵研磨均匀,用Bruker D8粉末衍射仪测得其实验XRD峰,实验XRD图谱和单晶数据模拟所得XRD谱图(如图2所示)吻合得很好,证明其为纯相。
4、将本发明所得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体粉末按照25~45、45~75、75~110、110~150、150~200 μm尺寸过筛,装样,和同等粒径尺寸的AGS标样(目前商业化最成功的红外非线性光学晶体),在2100 nm激光照射下进行倍频效应的测试,结果如图3、4所示,随着粒径尺寸的增加,三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的倍频效应也增大,表现出I类相位匹配性能,且在最大粒径尺寸 (150~200 μm)的倍频效应为AGS的0.8倍。此外,基于粉末样品的抗激光损伤阈值的测试结果表明:三方相HgS的抗激光损伤阈值约为同尺寸商业化硫镓银的1.3倍。
可见,本发明方法制得的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体可用于红外探测器中作为变频晶体使用。
5、应用:
图3和图4即为三方相HgS的倍频效应与商业化AGS的对比图;此外,它的倍频效应是AGS的0.8倍。与AGS相比,HgS化学组成和结构更为简单,且不含昂贵的Ag金属,其大尺寸晶体生长可能更为容易。此外,自然界中存在天然的HgS,可通过合适的相转变获得它的三方相。综上,三方相HgS有望成为一种强劲的红外非线性光学晶体候选材料。
Claims (4)
1.三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的制备方法,其特征在于将Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2与去离子水混合进行水热反应,待反应结束后过滤取得固相,经干燥,得三方相HgS非线性光学晶体。
2.根据权利要求1所述三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的制备方法,其特征在于所述Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2的投料摩尔比为4∶1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述三方相HgS非线性光学晶体的制备方法,其特征在于将Na2S·9H2O和HgCl2与去离子水混合后置于反应釜中,再将反应釜置入烘箱,以1.6 ℃/min的速率升温至200 ℃, 恒温3天,再以1.6 ℃/h 的速率降温至40 ℃后取出反应釜,过滤反应物,取得固相。
4.如权利要求1所述方法制备的三方相HgS非线性光学晶体,用于红外波段的倍频晶体。
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