CN113350475A - 一种辛温解表感冒组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种辛温解表感冒组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113350475A
CN113350475A CN202110666966.9A CN202110666966A CN113350475A CN 113350475 A CN113350475 A CN 113350475A CN 202110666966 A CN202110666966 A CN 202110666966A CN 113350475 A CN113350475 A CN 113350475A
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王晓兵
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种辛温解表感冒组合物及其制备方法,所述冲剂由以下重量份的原料药制成:荆芥8、葱白8、黄岑8、防风8、生姜8、紫苏叶8、白芷8、豆豉13、半夏8、桔梗8、连翘14、炙甘草9、柴胡8、细辛2、厚朴8、薄荷8、白术7、青蒿20。本发明辛温解表,散寒除湿,用于外感风寒所致的恶寒发热、咳嗽痰多、嗓子疼痛、无汗或汗出不畅、头痛且重、肢体酸痛、舌苔薄白等风寒潮症。本发明安全、有效、价格低廉、使用方便,推广应用后可望取得较好的经济、社会效益。

Description

一种辛温解表感冒组合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种辛温解表感冒组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
据中国非处方药协会的统计显示,目前在中国常见病症的自我诊疗比例中最高的是感冒,占常见病症的89.6%,高出第二位30个百分点。这使得众多的感冒药目标消费者不再去医院治疗感冒,而是去药店自行买药。城镇居民在非处方药的消费上,感冒药占到85%,远远超过排名第二的消炎药55%的比例,这种现象在全球普遍存在。用于治疗感冒的药物有许多种,由于中成药具有副作用小、疗效好的特点,故很受人们青睐。中国许多家庭都备有治疗感冒的中成药,但实践证明,有的人患感冒后吃了不少药,但病症并没减轻,关键在于没有辨证用药。不同类型的感冒病因病机、症状、治疗原则及用药差别很大。中医将感冒分为风寒型感冒、风热型感冒、暑湿型感冒和时行感冒(流行性感冒)四种类型。根据辨证施治的原则,不同类型的感冒应选用不同的中成药治疗。风寒感冒是风寒之邪外袭、肺气失宣所致。症状可见:恶寒重、发热轻、无汗、头痛身痛、鼻塞流清涕、咳嗽吐稀白痰、口不渴或渴喜热饮、苔薄白。目前,国内感冒药市场以主治风热感冒及流行性感冒为主,治疗风寒感冒的中药制剂相对较少。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种辛温解表感冒组合物及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种辛温解表感冒组合物,所述冲剂由以下重量份的原料药制成:
荆芥3-10、葱白3-10、黄岑3-10、防风3-10、生姜3-10、紫苏叶3-10、白芷3-10、豆豉10-15、半夏5-10、桔梗3-10、连翘6-15、炙甘草6-10、柴胡3-10、细辛1-3、厚朴3-10、薄荷2-10、白术3-9、青蒿18-22。
所述冲剂由以下重量份的原料药制成:
荆芥8、葱白8、黄岑8、防风8、生姜8、紫苏叶8、白芷8、豆豉13、半夏8、桔梗8、连翘14、炙甘草9、柴胡8、细辛2、厚朴8、薄荷8、白术7、青蒿20。
一种辛温解表感冒组合物的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将厚朴、紫苏叶、白芷、黄岑、防风、半夏、柴胡、细辛混合加入60%乙醇,加热回流提取二次,第一次加6倍(w:v)乙醇,提取1.5小时;第二次加5倍(w:v)乙醇,提取1.0小时,合并药液,滤过,备用;
(2)将白术、薄荷混合加入12倍(w:v)水,蒸馏5小时,收集挥发油;蒸馏后的水溶液滤过,药渣再加8倍量水,煎煮1小时,滤过,合并二次滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15/60℃的清膏;
(3)取羟丙基倍他环糊精和水,加热溶解,放置至室温,缓慢滴加步骤(2)中得到的挥发油.35℃搅拌包合,得到挥发油包合物,备用,其中,所述羟丙基倍他环糊精与挥发油的投料量的重量体积比为(10~14)g:1ml,所述挥发油与水的体积比为1:(15~25);
(4)将荆芥、葱白、生姜、豆豉、桔梗、连翘、青蒿、炙甘草混合加水,煎煮二次,第一次加10倍 (w:v)水,前煮2.0小时:第二次加8倍(w:v)水,煎煮1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15/60℃的清膏;
(5)再步骤(4)中的清膏中加乙醇使含醇量达65%,搅匀,静置24小时,滤过,药液备用:
(6)将步骤(5)中得到的药液与步骤(1)中得到的药液合并,回收乙醇,加600~700ml水溶解,滤过,滤液备用;
(7)将步骤(6)中得到的滤液加入步骤(3)中得到的挥发油包合物,再加入蜂蜜甜味剂,混匀,加水至1000ml,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调pH值至65,静置,滤过,灌装,得到中药组合物。
本发明选取的原料中药材中,药效和药理作用分别是:
荆芥味辛、微苦、性微温;入肺、肝经。功效主治:祛风、解表、透疹、止血。主感冒发热、头痛、目痒、咳嗽、咽喉肿痛、麻疹、痈肿、疮疥、衄血、吐血、便血、崩漏、产后血晕。荆芥有强烈香气,主要以鲜嫩的茎叶供作蔬菜食用。
葱白归肺、胃经。发汗解表,散寒通阳。用于外感风寒,阴寒内盛,格阳于外,脉微,厥逆,腹泻,外敷治疗疮痈疔毒。
黄岑,味苦、性寒,有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎等功效。主治温热病、上呼吸道感染、肺热咳嗽、湿热黄胆、肺炎、痢疾、咳血、目赤、胎动不安、高血压、痈肿疖疮等症。
防风味辛、甘,性微温;归膀胱、肺、脾、肝经。有祛风解表,胜湿止痛,止痉的功效;主治:用于外感表证,风疹瘙痒,风湿痹痛,破伤风正,脾虚湿盛。
生姜味辛,性微温;归肺、脾、胃经。功效:解表散寒,温中止呕,温肺止咳,解毒;主治:风寒感冒,脾胃寒症,胃寒呕吐,肺寒咳嗽,解鱼蟹毒。
紫苏叶味辛,微温,无毒;归脾、肺经。芳香升散,具有散寒解表,宣肺止咳,理气和中,安胎,解毒的功效;主治外感风寒,恶寒发热,头痛无汗,咳嗽气喘,脘腹胀闷,呕恶腹泻,咽中梗阻,妊娠恶阻,胎动不安,食鱼蟹中毒,痈疮蛇毒辣。紫苏叶营养成分为苏子,有镇咳平喘、社痰的功能。
白芷解表散寒,祛风止痛,通鼻窍,燥湿止带,消肿排脓,祛风止痒。主治风寒感冒,头痛、牙痛、风湿痹痛,鼻渊,带下证,疮痈肿毒。
豆豉性平,味咸,归肺、胃经。具有和胃,除烦,解腥毒,去寒热的功效。
半夏归脾、胃、肺经。燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结。用于湿痰寒痰,咳喘痰多,痰饮眩悸,风痰眩晕,痰厥头痛,呕吐反胃,胸脘痞闷,梅核气;外治痈肿痰核。
桔梗宣肺,利咽,祛痰,排脓。用于咳嗽痰多,胸闷不畅,咽痛,音哑,肺痈吐脓,疮疡脓成不溃。
连翘,清热,解毒,散结,消肿。治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。
炙甘草滋阴养血,益气通阳,复脉定悸。
柴胡是常用解表药。别名地熏、山菜、菇草、柴草,性味苦、微寒,归肝、胆经。有和解表里,疏肝升阳之功效。用于感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾、肝郁气滞、胸肋胀痛、脱肛、子宫脱垂、月经不调。
细辛有祛风,散寒,行水,开窍等功效。常用于风冷头痛,鼻渊,齿痛,痰饮咳逆,风湿痹痛等。细辛既能外散风寒,又能内祛阴寒,同时止痛、镇咳功效较佳。
厚朴归脾、胃、肺、大肠经。燥湿消痰,下气除满。用于湿滞伤中,脘痞吐泻,食积气滞,腹胀便秘,痰饮喘咳。
薄荷是中华常用中药之一。它是辛凉性发汗解热药,治流行性感冒、头疼、目赤、身热、咽喉、牙床肿痛等症。外用可治神经痛、皮肤瘙痒、皮疹和湿疹等。平常以薄荷代茶,清心明目。
白术是一种常用重要的大宗中药材,具补脾健胃、燥湿利水、止汗安胎等功能。
青蒿,清热、凉血、退蒸、解暑、祛风、止痒之效,作阴虚潮热的退热剂,也止盗汗、中暑。
本发明的优点是:本发明辛温解表,散寒除湿,用于外感风寒所致的恶寒发热、咳嗽痰多、嗓子疼痛、无汗或汗出不畅、头痛且重、肢体酸痛、舌苔薄白等风寒潮症。本发明安全、有效、价格低廉、使用方便,推广应用后可望取得较好的经济、社会效益。
具体实施方式
一种辛温解表感冒组合物,所述冲剂由以下重量份的原料药制成:
荆芥8、葱白8、黄岑8、防风8、生姜8、紫苏叶8、白芷8、豆豉13、半夏8、桔梗8、连翘14、炙甘草9、柴胡8、细辛2、厚朴8、薄荷8、白术7、青蒿20。
一种辛温解表感冒组合物的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将厚朴、紫苏叶、白芷、黄岑、防风、半夏、柴胡、细辛混合加入60%乙醇,加热回流提取二次,第一次加6倍(w:v)乙醇,提取1.5小时;第二次加5倍(w:v)乙醇,提取1.0小时,合并药液,滤过,备用;
(2)将白术、薄荷混合加入12倍(w:v)水,蒸馏5小时,收集挥发油;蒸馏后的水溶液滤过,药渣再加8倍量水,煎煮1小时,滤过,合并二次滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15/60℃的清膏;
(3)取羟丙基倍他环糊精和水,加热溶解,放置至室温,缓慢滴加步骤(2)中得到的挥发油.35℃搅拌包合,得到挥发油包合物,备用,其中,所述羟丙基倍他环糊精与挥发油的投料量的重量体积比为(10~14)g:1ml,所述挥发油与水的体积比为1:(15~25);
(4)将荆芥、葱白、生姜、豆豉、桔梗、连翘、青蒿、炙甘草混合加水,煎煮二次,第一次加10倍 (w:v)水,前煮2.0小时:第二次加8倍(w:v)水,煎煮1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15/60℃的清膏;
(5)再步骤(4)中的清膏中加乙醇使含醇量达65%,搅匀,静置24小时,滤过,药液备用:
(6)将步骤(5)中得到的药液与步骤(1)中得到的药液合并,回收乙醇,加600~700ml水溶解,滤过,滤液备用;
(7)将步骤(6)中得到的滤液加入步骤(3)中得到的挥发油包合物,再加入蜂蜜甜味剂,混匀,加水至1000ml,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调pH值至65,静置,滤过,灌装,得到中药组合物。
典型病例一:
1、钟某,30岁,男,因夏季吹空调受凉后,出现鼻塞、咽喉肿痛、头痛头晕、全身肌肉酸痛, 咳嗽有痰,体温38.6°C, 医院检查后确诊为风寒感冒,服用本发明中药组合物,一天3次,一次一瓶,服药2天后,肌肉酸痛症状消失,
头痛头晕消失,体温恢复正常,咳嗽、咽喉肿痛症状减轻,服药5天后,痊愈。
2、柯某,45岁, 女, 冬季受风寒后出现鼻塞、流清涕、咳嗽、头痛、恶心发热、舌苔薄白,食欲不振,自行服用感冒药后,症状未见减轻,来医就诊后,确诊为风寒感冒。服用本发明中药组合物,一天3次,一次一瓶,服药3天后,头痛、发热、恶心症状减轻,体温恢复正常,服药7天后,彻底痊愈。

Claims (3)

1.一种辛温解表感冒组合物,其特征在于:所述冲剂由以下重量份的原料药制成:
荆芥3-10、葱白3-10、黄岑3-10、防风3-10、生姜3-10、紫苏叶3-10、白芷3-10、豆豉10-15、半夏5-10、桔梗3-10、连翘6-15、炙甘草6-10、柴胡3-10、细辛1-3、厚朴3-10、薄荷2-10、白术3-9、青蒿18-22。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种辛温解表感冒组合物,其特征在于:所述冲剂由以下重量份的原料药制成:
荆芥8、葱白8、黄岑8、防风8、生姜8、紫苏叶8、白芷8、豆豉13、半夏8、桔梗8、连翘14、炙甘草9、柴胡8、细辛2、厚朴8、薄荷8、白术7、青蒿20。
3.一种辛温解表感冒组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将厚朴、紫苏叶、白芷、黄岑、防风、半夏、柴胡、细辛混合加入60%乙醇,加热回流提取二次,第一次加6倍(w:v)乙醇,提取1.5小时;第二次加5倍(w:v)乙醇,提取1.0小时,合并药液,滤过,备用;
(2)将白术、薄荷混合加入12倍(w:v)水,蒸馏5小时,收集挥发油;蒸馏后的水溶液滤过,药渣再加8倍量水,煎煮1小时,滤过,合并二次滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15/60℃的清膏;
(3)取羟丙基倍他环糊精和水,加热溶解,放置至室温,缓慢滴加步骤(2)中得到的挥发油.35℃搅拌包合,得到挥发油包合物,备用,其中,所述羟丙基倍他环糊精与挥发油的投料量的重量体积比为(10~14)g:1ml,所述挥发油与水的体积比为1:(15~25);
(4)将荆芥、葱白、生姜、豆豉、桔梗、连翘、青蒿、炙甘草混合加水,煎煮二次,第一次加10倍 (w:v)水,前煮2.0小时:第二次加8倍(w:v)水,煎煮1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15/60℃的清膏;
(5)再步骤(4)中的清膏中加乙醇使含醇量达65%,搅匀,静置24小时,滤过,药液备用:
(6)将步骤(5)中得到的药液与步骤(1)中得到的药液合并,回收乙醇,加600~700ml水溶解,滤过,滤液备用;
(7)将步骤(6)中得到的滤液加入步骤(3)中得到的挥发油包合物,再加入蜂蜜甜味剂,混匀,加水至1000ml,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调pH值至65,静置,滤过,灌装,得到中药组合物。
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