CN113340992B - Concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor and monitoring method - Google Patents
Concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113340992B CN113340992B CN202110585020.XA CN202110585020A CN113340992B CN 113340992 B CN113340992 B CN 113340992B CN 202110585020 A CN202110585020 A CN 202110585020A CN 113340992 B CN113340992 B CN 113340992B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02845—Humidity, wetness
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering detection, in particular to a concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor and a monitoring method; the coverage area of the ultrasonic probe is improved by using the array ultrasonic probe, and the crack detection precision of the ultrasonic probe is improved; on the other hand, due to the arrangement of the embedded standard block, the propagation path of ultrasonic waves in the concrete is increased, and the monitoring effect is improved; on the other hand, the wave speed of the standard block is used for detecting the humidity in the concrete, so that the concrete is beneficial to maintenance; in addition, only two vibration sensors are buried in the embedded equipment, so that the cost is reduced, other equipment can be recycled, the arrangement mode is very suitable for monitoring large-scale concrete, devices such as an ultrasonic probe and the like can be detached after detection is completed, and concrete monitoring can be realized only by timing detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering detection, in particular to a concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor and a monitoring method.
Background
In civil engineering and construction work, a concrete structure is dominant, and cracks inevitably exist in the concrete structure due to the action of internal and external factors, and the cracks are the main causes of the reduction of the bearing capacity, durability and waterproofness of the concrete structure.
The existing concrete crack monitoring mode generally uses an acoustic emission sensor or manually to inspect concrete, and the embedded sensor has low efficiency and no method for overhauling; the manual inspection mode has large error and is not easy to find a plurality of problems;
the method for detecting the cracks in the concrete by using the ultrasonic wave is high in cost on one hand, and the time cost for detection is high due to the trouble of sensor arrangement during detection on the other hand;
in addition, safety should be prevented, however, it is difficult to prevent the crack by merely monitoring, and the change of humidity is an important factor causing the crack in the concrete and can be controlled by people, so that the monitoring of the humidity in the concrete is an important subject in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor and a monitoring method, which use an array ultrasonic probe to improve the coverage area of the ultrasonic probe and improve the crack detection precision of the ultrasonic probe; on the other hand, due to the arrangement of the embedded standard block, the propagation path of ultrasonic waves in the concrete is increased, the monitoring effect is improved, and the cost is low.
The sensor system for monitoring the embedded cracks of the concrete comprises an ultrasonic probe array, an embedded standard block 2, a vibration sensor, an analysis host and a power supply module; wherein the method comprises the steps of
Mounting hole sites for mounting the ultrasonic probe arrays are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored, the number of the mounting hole sites is 9 on the upper surface of the concrete to be monitored, and the 9 lower surfaces are all arranged in a 3 multiplied by 3 array shape;
the ultrasonic probe 1 is a transceiver type probe, can emit ultrasonic waves and collect ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic probe 1 is connected with an analysis host;
embedding the embedded standard block 2 into the concrete to be monitored in advance, and ensuring that the connecting line of the central point of any one ultrasonic probe 1 and the central point of the embedded standard block 2 can pass through the other ultrasonic probe 1;
the surface of the embedded standard block 2 is provided with a vibration sensor for detecting vibration signals, and the vibration sensor is connected with an analysis host;
the analysis host is connected with the power supply module and is used for supplying power to the ultrasonic probe 1 and the vibration sensor;
the analysis host controls the ultrasonic probe 1 to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, receives vibration signals of the vibration sensor, detects the vibration intensity of the vibration sensor, and monitors cracks in concrete.
The embedded standard block 2 is manufactured by fixing a material with the density higher than that of the concrete to be monitored after molding by using reinforcing steel bars, and is embedded into the concrete to be monitored during construction.
The number of the embedded standard blocks 2 is two, the heights of the embedded standard blocks are all positioned in the middle of the concrete to be monitored, the two embedded standard blocks 2 are respectively positioned between a first row and a second row of the ultrasonic probe array which are arranged in a 3X 3 array shape and between the second row and a third row, and the two embedded standard blocks 2 are aligned and arranged and are aligned with the middle of each row of ultrasonic probes 1.
A method for monitoring concrete cracks by using the monitoring sensor system comprises the following steps:
step one, positioning a probe;
an ultrasonic probe array is installed in an installation hole site of concrete to be monitored, an ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored is installed firstly, then an ultrasonic probe 1 on the upper surface is installed, and each ultrasonic probe 1 can be aligned with an embedded standard block 2;
step two, monitoring humidity;
the analysis host machine starts an ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored, so that the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic waves to the embedded standard block 2, the analysis host machine controls the ultrasonic probe 1 on the upper surface of the concrete to be monitored, which is collinear with the ultrasonic probe 1 on the opened lower surface, to collect ultrasonic signals penetrating through the embedded standard block 2, and meanwhile, the analysis host machine collects ultrasonic signals received by the ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface and reflected by the embedded standard block 2; since the size of the embedded standard block 2 is known, and the distance between the ultrasonic probes 1 and the positional relationship between the embedded standard block 2 and the ultrasonic probes 1 are known, the wave velocity v1 of ultrasonic waves in the concrete to be measured can be calculated according to the ultrasonic signals received by the lower surface; according to the ultrasonic signals received by the upper surface and the position relation of the transmitting ultrasonic probe 1, the receiving ultrasonic probe 1 and the embedded standard block 2, the transmission distance L1 of the ultrasonic waves in the concrete to be tested and the transmission distance L2 of the embedded standard block 2 are obtained; further solving the propagation wave velocity v2 of the ultrasonic wave in the embedded standard block 2; calculating the humidity of the embedded standard block 2 according to v2;
monitoring the humidity of each embedded standard block 2 so as to obtain the humidity condition of the interior of the concrete, and when the humidity of the interior of the concrete does not meet the requirement, sending an alarm by an analysis host;
step three, crack monitoring;
the analysis host controls one ultrasonic probe 1 to emit pulse ultrasonic waves, and simultaneously sequentially controls other ultrasonic probes 1 to receive the pulse ultrasonic waves, and determines the time t from ultrasonic wave emission to ultrasonic signal receiving of each ultrasonic probe 1 according to the position relation among the ultrasonic probes 1; the waveform of the ultrasonic probe 1 received within 2t is analyzed to determine whether or not a reflected wave of a crack has occurred.
In the third step, judging whether cracks exist or not according to the following content:
since the relation of each surface of the concrete is determined, it is possible to know in advance which peak positions in the waveform of the signal received by the ultrasonic probe 1 belong to surface reflection, and for peaks not belonging to surface reflection, it is determined that the peaks are reflected waves caused by cracks; further recognizing that cracks appear at the connecting line position between the transmitting ultrasonic probe 1 and the receiving ultrasonic probe 1 corresponding to the probe; further judging the distance between the crack and the ultrasonic probe 1, and further determining the position of the crack;
each ultrasonic probe 1 is traversed to transmit ultrasonic waves, then the other probes are sequentially enabled to receive the ultrasonic waves, cracks on the connecting line between any two ultrasonic probes 1 are determined, and all the cracks are detected.
When each ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored is installed in the first step, the ultrasonic probe 1 is started to emit ultrasonic signals; starting a vibration sensor closest to the mounting hole site, and adjusting the position and the direction of the ultrasonic probe 1 so that the signal intensity of the vibration sensor is strongest to indicate that the ultrasonic probe 1 is aligned with the embedded standard block 2;
when each probe on the upper surface is installed, the ultrasonic probe 1 positioned on the lower surface collinear with the ultrasonic probe 1 and the embedded standard block 2 is started to emit ultrasonic waves, then the ultrasonic probe 1 on the upper surface is started to receive the ultrasonic waves, and the position and the direction of the ultrasonic probe 1 are adjusted to ensure that the received ultrasonic signals are strongest, so that the ultrasonic probe 1 is aligned with the embedded standard block 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses the mode of the array ultrasonic probe to improve the coverage area of the ultrasonic probe and the detection precision of the ultrasonic probe to the crack; on the other hand, due to the arrangement of the embedded standard block, the propagation path of ultrasonic waves in the concrete is increased, and the monitoring effect is improved; on the other hand, the wave speed of the standard block is used for detecting the humidity in the concrete, so that the concrete is beneficial to maintenance; in addition, only two vibration sensors are buried in the embedded equipment, so that the cost is reduced, other equipment can be recycled, the arrangement mode is very suitable for monitoring large-scale concrete, devices such as an ultrasonic probe and the like can be detached after detection is completed, and concrete monitoring can be realized only by timing detection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the upper surface of an ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front end side view of an ultrasound probe arrangement of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a left end side view of an ultrasound probe arrangement of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 an ultrasonic probe; 2 embedding standard blocks.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
Example 1:
1-3, a concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor system comprises an ultrasonic probe array, an embedded standard block 2, a vibration sensor, an analysis host and a power supply module; wherein the method comprises the steps of
Mounting hole sites for mounting the ultrasonic probe arrays are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored, the number of the mounting hole sites is 9 on the upper surface of the concrete to be monitored, and the 9 lower surfaces are all arranged in a 3 multiplied by 3 array shape; wherein 4 of the four corners are arranged near the top surface or the bottom of the concrete, 4 of the four corners are arranged near the middle point of the side of the top surface or the bottom surface, and 1 of the four corners are arranged at the center of the top surface or the bottom surface;
the ultrasonic probe 1 is arranged in the installation hole site, the ultrasonic probe 1 is a transceiver type probe, ultrasonic waves can be emitted and collected, and the ultrasonic probe 1 is connected with the analysis host;
embedding the embedded standard block 2 into the concrete to be monitored in advance, and ensuring that the connecting line of the central point of any one ultrasonic probe 1 and the central point of the embedded standard block 2 can pass through the other ultrasonic probe 1;
the surface of the embedded standard block 2 is provided with a vibration sensor for detecting vibration signals, and the vibration sensor is connected with an analysis host;
the analysis host is connected with the power supply module and is used for supplying power to the ultrasonic probe 1 and the vibration sensor;
the analysis host controls the ultrasonic probe 1 to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, receives vibration signals of the vibration sensor, detects the vibration intensity of the vibration sensor, and monitors cracks in concrete.
The intensity of the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the ultrasonic probe 1 propagating in the concrete is strongest in the direction along the perpendicular line in the transmitting surface of the ultrasonic probe 1, and the further the distance from the perpendicular line is, the weaker the ultrasonic wave intensity is.
The relation between the ultrasonic wave velocity and the humidity of the embedded standard block 2 is known, and the analysis host determines the wave velocity of the embedded standard block 2 according to the receiving and transmitting signals of the ultrasonic probe 1, so as to calculate the humidity of the embedded standard block 2.
The analysis host computer is used for analyzing the position and the range of cracks in the concrete.
The embedded standard block 2 is manufactured by fixing a material with the density higher than that of the concrete to be monitored after molding by using reinforcing steel bars, and is embedded into the concrete to be monitored during construction.
The number of the embedded standard blocks 2 is two, the heights of the embedded standard blocks are all positioned in the middle of the concrete to be monitored, the projection of the embedded standard blocks 2 on the ground and the projection of the ultrasonic probes 1 on the ground are in a shape of a Chinese character 'wang', namely, the two embedded standard blocks 2 are respectively positioned between a first row and a second row of the ultrasonic probe array which are arranged in a 3X 3 array shape and between the second row and a third row, and the two embedded standard blocks 2 are aligned and arranged and are aligned with the middle of each row of ultrasonic probes 1.
A method for monitoring concrete cracks by using the monitoring sensor system comprises the following steps:
step one, positioning a probe;
an ultrasonic probe array is installed in an installation hole site of concrete to be monitored, an ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored is installed firstly, then an ultrasonic probe 1 on the upper surface is installed, and each ultrasonic probe 1 can be aligned with an embedded standard block 2;
step two, monitoring humidity;
the analysis host machine starts an ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored, so that the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic waves to the embedded standard block 2, the analysis host machine controls the ultrasonic probe 1 on the upper surface of the concrete to be monitored, which is collinear with the ultrasonic probe 1 on the opened lower surface, to collect ultrasonic signals penetrating through the embedded standard block 2, and meanwhile, the analysis host machine collects ultrasonic signals received by the ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface and reflected by the embedded standard block 2; since the size of the embedded standard block 2 is known, and the distance between the ultrasonic probes 1 and the positional relationship between the embedded standard block 2 and the ultrasonic probes 1 are known, the wave velocity v1 of ultrasonic waves in the concrete to be measured can be calculated according to the ultrasonic signals received by the lower surface; according to the ultrasonic signals received by the upper surface and the position relation of the transmitting ultrasonic probe 1, the receiving ultrasonic probe 1 and the embedded standard block 2, the transmission distance L1 of the ultrasonic waves in the concrete to be tested and the transmission distance L2 of the embedded standard block 2 are obtained; further solving the propagation wave velocity v2 of the ultrasonic wave in the embedded standard block 2; calculating the humidity of the embedded standard block 2 according to v2;
monitoring the humidity of each embedded standard block 2 so as to obtain the humidity condition of the interior of the concrete, and when the humidity of the interior of the concrete does not meet the requirement, sending an alarm by an analysis host;
step three, crack monitoring;
the analysis host controls one ultrasonic probe 1 to emit pulse ultrasonic waves, and simultaneously sequentially controls other ultrasonic probes 1 to receive the pulse ultrasonic waves, and determines the time t from ultrasonic wave emission to ultrasonic signal receiving of each ultrasonic probe 1 according to the position relation among the ultrasonic probes 1; the waveform of the ultrasonic probe 1 received within 2t is analyzed to determine whether or not a reflected wave of a crack has occurred.
The ultrasonic probe 1 on the same surface as the transmitting ultrasonic probe 1 receives the ultrasonic waves in such a manner that the ultrasonic waves are reflected from the embedded standard block 2; the ultrasonic probe 1 which is not on the same surface as the transmitting ultrasonic probe 1 receives ultrasonic waves in such a manner that the ultrasonic probe receives ultrasonic waves directly;
in the third step, judging whether cracks exist or not according to the following content:
since the relation of each surface of the concrete is determined, it is possible to know in advance which peak positions in the waveform of the signal received by the ultrasonic probe 1 belong to surface reflection, and for peaks not belonging to surface reflection, it is determined that the peaks are reflected waves caused by cracks; further recognizing that cracks appear at the connecting line position between the transmitting ultrasonic probe 1 and the receiving ultrasonic probe 1 corresponding to the probe; further judging the distance between the crack and the ultrasonic probe 1, and further determining the position of the crack;
each ultrasonic probe 1 is traversed to transmit ultrasonic waves, then the other probes are sequentially enabled to receive the ultrasonic waves, cracks on the connecting line between any two ultrasonic probes 1 are determined, and all the cracks are detected.
When each ultrasonic probe 1 on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored is installed in the first step, the ultrasonic probe 1 is started to emit ultrasonic signals; starting a vibration sensor closest to the mounting hole site, and adjusting the position and the direction of the ultrasonic probe 1 to enable the signal intensity of the vibration sensor to be strongest, wherein the ultrasonic waves can cause the vibration of the vibration sensor because the ultrasonic waves are essentially vibration, and when the vibration signal of the vibration sensor is strongest, the ultrasonic probe 1 is aligned with the embedded standard block 2;
when each probe on the upper surface is installed, the ultrasonic probe 1 positioned on the lower surface collinear with the ultrasonic probe 1 and the embedded standard block 2 is started to emit ultrasonic waves, then the ultrasonic probe 1 on the upper surface is started to receive the ultrasonic waves, and the position and the direction of the ultrasonic probe 1 are adjusted to ensure that the received ultrasonic signals are strongest, so that the ultrasonic probe 1 is aligned with the embedded standard block 2.
The invention emphasizes that the reflection of a standard block is utilized on one hand, the path of ultrasonic transmission can be increased, the coverage range of an ultrasonic sensor can be increased, the opposite detection effect is achieved by the detection mode on the same surface, the ultrasonic probe can be prevented from moving, and on the other hand, the array-shaped ultrasonic probe can be utilized for carrying out multiple detection on the same crack, false alarm is avoided, and on the other hand, the crack detection precision can be improved.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, any person skilled in the art may apply equivalent substitutions or alterations to the technical solution according to the present invention and the inventive concept thereof within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and these simple modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The sensor system for monitoring the embedded cracks of the concrete comprises an ultrasonic probe array, an embedded standard block (2), a vibration sensor, an analysis host and a power supply module; wherein the method comprises the steps of
Mounting hole sites for mounting the ultrasonic probe arrays are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored, the number of the mounting hole sites is 9 on the upper surface of the concrete to be monitored, and the 9 lower surfaces are all arranged in a 3 multiplied by 3 array shape;
the ultrasonic probe (1) is a transceiver type probe, can emit ultrasonic waves and can collect the ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic probe (1) is connected with the analysis host;
the embedded standard block (2) is embedded in the concrete to be monitored in advance, and the connection line between the center point of any ultrasonic probe (1) and the center point of the embedded standard block (2) can pass through the other ultrasonic probe (1);
the surface of the embedded standard block (2) is provided with a vibration sensor for detecting vibration signals, and the vibration sensor is connected with an analysis host;
the analysis host is connected with the power supply module and is used for supplying power to the ultrasonic probe (1) and the vibration sensor;
the analysis host controls the ultrasonic probe (1) to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, receives a vibration signal of the vibration sensor, and detects the vibration intensity of the vibration sensor so as to realize the monitoring of cracks in the concrete;
the number of the embedded standard blocks (2) is two, the heights of the embedded standard blocks are all located in the middle of the concrete to be monitored, the two embedded standard blocks (2) are respectively located between a first row and a second row of an ultrasonic probe array which are distributed in a 3X 3 array shape and between the second row and a third row, and the two embedded standard blocks (2) are aligned and arranged and are aligned with the middle of each row of ultrasonic probes (1).
2. The concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor system of claim 1, wherein: the embedded standard block (2) is manufactured by fixing a material with the density higher than that of the concrete to be monitored after molding by using reinforcing steel bars, and is embedded into the concrete to be monitored during construction.
3. A method of concrete crack monitoring using the concrete embedded crack monitoring sensor system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, positioning a probe;
an ultrasonic probe array is installed in an installation hole site of concrete to be monitored, an ultrasonic probe (1) on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored is installed firstly, then an ultrasonic probe (1) on the upper surface is installed, and each ultrasonic probe (1) can be aligned to an embedded standard block (2);
step two, monitoring humidity;
an analysis host machine starts an ultrasonic probe (1) on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored to enable the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves to an embedded standard block (2), the analysis host machine controls the ultrasonic probe (1) on the upper surface of the concrete to be monitored, which is collinear with the ultrasonic probe (1) on the opened lower surface, to collect ultrasonic signals penetrating through the embedded standard block (2), and meanwhile, the analysis host machine collects ultrasonic signals received by the ultrasonic probe (1) on the lower surface and reflected by the embedded standard block (2); since the size of the embedded standard block (2) is known, and the distance between the ultrasonic probes (1) and the position relation between the embedded standard block (2) and the ultrasonic probes (1) are known, the wave velocity v1 of ultrasonic waves in the concrete to be detected can be calculated according to the ultrasonic signals received by the lower surface; according to the ultrasonic signals received by the upper surface and the position relation of the transmitting ultrasonic probe (1), the receiving ultrasonic probe (1) and the embedded standard block (2), the transmission distance L1 of the ultrasonic waves in the concrete to be tested and the transmission distance L2 of the embedded standard block (2) are obtained; further solving the propagation wave velocity v2 of the ultrasonic wave in the embedded standard block (2); calculating the humidity of the embedded standard block (2) according to v2;
monitoring the humidity of each embedded standard block (2) so as to obtain the humidity condition of the interior of the concrete, and when the humidity of the interior of the concrete does not meet the requirement, sending an alarm by an analysis host;
step three, crack monitoring;
the analysis host controls one ultrasonic probe (1) to emit pulse ultrasonic waves, and simultaneously sequentially controls other ultrasonic probes (1) to receive the pulse ultrasonic waves, and determines the time t from ultrasonic wave emission to ultrasonic signal receiving of each ultrasonic probe (1) according to the position relation among the ultrasonic probes (1); and analyzing the waveform received by the ultrasonic probe (1) within 2t time to judge whether reflected waves of cracks appear.
4. A method for monitoring cracks in concrete by using a sensor system for monitoring cracks in concrete according to claim 3, wherein in the third step, whether cracks exist is judged as follows:
because the relation of each surface of the concrete is determined, the peak positions of the waveform of the received signal of the ultrasonic probe (1) can be known in advance, and the peak positions which do not belong to the surface reflection are considered as reflection waves caused by cracks; further recognizing that a crack appears at the connecting line position between the transmitting ultrasonic probe (1) and the receiving ultrasonic probe (1) corresponding to the probe; further judging the distance between the crack and the ultrasonic probe (1), and further determining the position of the crack;
and traversing each ultrasonic probe (1) to transmit ultrasonic waves, then sequentially enabling other probes to receive the ultrasonic waves, determining cracks on a connecting line between any two ultrasonic probes (1), and detecting all the cracks.
5. The method for monitoring the concrete cracks by using the embedded crack monitoring sensor system according to claim 4, wherein when each ultrasonic probe (1) on the lower surface of the concrete to be monitored is installed in the first step, the ultrasonic probe (1) is started to emit ultrasonic signals; starting a vibration sensor closest to the mounting hole site, and adjusting the position and the direction of the ultrasonic probe (1) so that the signal intensity of the vibration sensor is strongest to indicate that the ultrasonic probe (1) is aligned with the embedded standard block (2);
when each probe on the upper surface is installed, an ultrasonic probe (1) positioned on the lower surface which is collinear with the ultrasonic probe (1) and the embedded standard block (2) is started to emit ultrasonic waves, then the ultrasonic probe (1) on the upper surface is started to receive the ultrasonic waves, and the position and the direction of the ultrasonic probe (1) are adjusted to ensure that the received ultrasonic signals are strongest, so that the ultrasonic probe (1) is aligned with the embedded standard block (2).
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Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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