CN113337826B - 耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺 - Google Patents

耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN113337826B
CN113337826B CN202110560952.9A CN202110560952A CN113337826B CN 113337826 B CN113337826 B CN 113337826B CN 202110560952 A CN202110560952 A CN 202110560952A CN 113337826 B CN113337826 B CN 113337826B
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王建才
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Kunshan Sunmin Drilube Electronic Material Technology Co ltd
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    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23F17/00Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/04Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20Carburising
    • C23C8/22Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
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Abstract

本发明耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,S1、滑块预热至350℃,预热时间为1h;S2、将滑块进行渗碳淬火;S3、将滑块进行深冷,温度为‑80℃,时间为2h;S4、将滑块进行回火,温度为240℃,时间为3h。本发明通过采用可控制气氛渗碳,进行多段强渗与扩散的交替进行,防止碳在表面集聚形成渗碳体,同时渗碳层有良好的、平缓的硬度梯度。再结合渗碳缓冷、二次加热再淬火的方式,获得极细小的隐针马氏体,再通过深冷处理,进一步降低残余奥氏体,从而提高滑块的接触疲劳性能。

Description

耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及热处理领域,具体涉及耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺。
背景技术
自动化设备中,滑块作为一个循环往复运动的主要结构件,其性能决定了自动作设备的耐用性及稳定性。在特殊场合,每分钟可能高达1000次的往复运动,对于滑块的热处理性能提出了极高的要求。
传统的渗碳热处理工艺存在的缺点为:渗碳层出现较多的渗碳体,导致性能降低。
导致上述缺点的原因是:
1)由于长时间渗碳,碳在表面聚集,向内扩散的能力降低;
2)真空渗碳对碳势的控制是非可控渗碳,通过计算产品表面积、渗碳深度及碳浓度进行分段渗碳(定量碳),工艺设置不当易造成高浓度碳在表面集聚,从而形成渗碳体。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺。
本发明通过如下技术方案实现上述目的:一种耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,S1、滑块预热至350℃,预热时间为1h;
S2、将滑块进行渗碳淬火;
S3、将滑块进行深冷,温度为-80℃,时间为2h;
S4、将滑块进行回火,温度为240℃,时间为3h。
进一步的,所述S2具体包括:
S21、均热至880℃,均热时间为0.5h,CP为0.4;
S22、加热至935℃,进行第一次强渗,时间为2.5h,CP为1.3;进行第一次扩散,时间为2h,CP为1.1;再进行第二次强渗,时间为4h,CP为1.2;再进行第二次扩散,时间为2.5h,CP为1.0;
S23、缓冷至500℃以下,时间为2h;
S24、再升温至830℃,进行奥氏体化,时间为1h,CP为0.9;
S25、再降温至100℃,进行油淬,时间为0.5h。
进一步的,所述S1将滑块放入预热炉中预热。
进一步的,所述S2将滑块放入箱式可控气氛渗碳炉中进行渗碳淬火。
进一步的,所述S3将滑块放入深冷箱中进行深冷。
进一步的,所述将滑块放入回火炉中进行回火。
与现有技术相比,本发明耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺的有益效果是:通过采用可控制气氛渗碳,进行多段强渗与扩散的交替进行,防止碳在表面集聚形成渗碳体,同时渗碳层有良好的、平缓的硬度梯度。再结合渗碳缓冷、二次加热再淬火的方式,获得极细小的隐针马氏体,再通过深冷处理,进一步降低残余奥氏体,从而提高滑块的接触疲劳性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1,图中CP指炉内碳势。
耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将滑块放入预热炉中预热至350℃,预热时间为1h;
S2、将滑块放入箱式可控气氛渗碳炉中进行渗碳淬火;具体包括
S21、均热至880℃,均热时间为0.5h,CP为0.4;
S22、加热至935℃,进行第一次强渗,时间为2.5h,CP为1.3;进行第一次扩散,时间为2h,CP为1.1;再进行第二次强渗,时间为4h,CP为1.2;再进行第二次扩散,时间为2.5h,CP为1.0;防止一段式高碳势强渗导致表面碳集聚而出现渗碳体;递减式碳势设计,使产品渗碳后表面具有合理的碳浓度,使碳浓度梯度变化相对平缓;
S23、缓冷至500℃以下,时间为2h;
S24、再升温至830℃,进行奥氏体化,时间为1h,CP为0.9;
S25、再降温至100℃,进行油淬,时间为0.5h;以细化晶粒,提高材料强韧性及疲劳强度;二次加热温度采用较低的温度,可以保留少量的细小的渗碳体,以提高表面的耐磨性;
S3、将滑块放入深冷箱中进行深冷,温度为-80℃,时间为2h;进一步降低淬火后残余奥氏体,提高接触疲劳强度;同时可以进一步强化分级淬火过程中回火马氏体的强度;
S4、将滑块放入回火炉中进行回火,温度为240℃,时间为3h。
本发明通过采用可控制气氛渗碳,进行多段强渗与扩散的交替进行,防止碳在表面集聚形成渗碳体,同时渗碳层有良好的、平缓的硬度梯度。再结合渗碳缓冷、二次加热再淬火的方式,获得极细小的隐针马氏体,再通过深冷处理,进一步降低残余奥氏体,从而提高滑块的接触疲劳性能。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (5)

1.耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,其特征在于:
S1、滑块预热至350℃,预热时间为1h;
S2、将滑块进行渗碳淬火;
S3、将滑块进行深冷,温度为-80℃,时间为2h;
S4、将滑块进行回火,温度为240℃,时间为3h;
所述S2具体包括:
S21、均热至880℃,均热时间为0.5h,CP为0.4;
S22、加热至935℃,进行第一次强渗,时间为2.5h,CP为1.3;进行第一次扩散,时间为2h,CP为1.1;再进行第二次强渗,时间为4h,CP为1.2;再进行第二次扩散,时间为2.5h,CP为1.0;
S23、缓冷至500℃以下,时间为2h;
S24、再升温至830℃,进行奥氏体化,时间为1h,CP为0.9;
S25、再降温至100℃,进行油淬,时间为0.5h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述S1将滑块放入预热炉中预热。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述S2将滑块放入箱式可控气氛渗碳炉中进行渗碳淬火。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述S3将滑块放入深冷箱中进行深冷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐疲劳金属滑块的渗碳热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述将滑块放入回火炉中进行回火。
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