CN113334046A - Method for automatically mounting parts on mechanism - Google Patents

Method for automatically mounting parts on mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113334046A
CN113334046A CN202110615184.2A CN202110615184A CN113334046A CN 113334046 A CN113334046 A CN 113334046A CN 202110615184 A CN202110615184 A CN 202110615184A CN 113334046 A CN113334046 A CN 113334046A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
tray
conveying
assembled
grabbing
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Granted
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CN202110615184.2A
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CN113334046B (en
Inventor
姜林
高德俊
吴陆顺
王震宇
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Yapp Automotive Parts Co Ltd
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Yapp Automotive Parts Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/001Article feeders for assembling machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/001Article feeders for assembling machines
    • B23P19/007Picking-up and placing mechanisms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for automatically installing a part on a mechanism, which comprises the following steps: conveying the pallet assembled with the parts to a designated position through a conveying line; the robot moves the mechanism to the workpiece loading position; and grabbing the parts on the tray to the mechanism by using a grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism. According to the method for automatically installing the parts on the mechanism, the parts on the tray are automatically grabbed onto the mechanism through the grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism, so that the product position is accurate, the consistency of the quality of the produced product is improved, and the installation error of workers in short operation time can be avoided; the conveying lines are used for conveying the trays, workers do not need to grab the regional operation of parts in the mechanism, batch feeding can be completed in the manual feeding region by the workers, the plurality of trays can be installed at one time, the conveying lines convey the trays to the installation region, time is sufficient, mistakes are not prone to occurring, the workers can install the trays at one time at intervals, and labor cost and workload are saved.

Description

Method for automatically mounting parts on mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil tank manufacturing, in particular to a method for automatically installing parts on a mechanism.
Background
At present, in the oil tank production technology, manual work is needed to install built-in components. Each time one tank is produced, a worker performs component mounting on the front side and the rear side of a component Holding Device (PHD), also referred to as a component built-in welding mechanism, and since the tact time for each tank production (i.e., the production time of a single tank) is 80 to 90s, the time for the worker to mount a built-in component in front of the PHD is about 30s, the work is monotonous and boring, and the worker needs to stand for mounting, the work intensity and fatigue are high, and particularly in summer, the weather is hot, and the work is hard.
In addition, when a worker installs parts on the PHD, the parts are sometimes dropped on the ground in a short installation time, and the parts are sometimes installed incorrectly, so that the parts are not installed successfully in a specified time, the whole blow molding equipment alarms, the shutdown is caused, and the continuous and stable production of the oil tank is influenced.
Therefore, a need exists for a method of automatically mounting parts to a mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for automatically installing a part on a mechanism, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, realize automatic part loading of the mechanism and improve the positioning accuracy of the part.
The invention provides a method for automatically installing a part on a mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
conveying the pallet assembled with the parts to a designated position through a conveying line;
the robot moves the mechanism to the workpiece loading position;
and grabbing the parts on the tray onto the mechanism by using a grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism.
The method for automatically installing the parts on the mechanism, wherein preferably, the pallet assembled with the parts is conveyed to a designated position by a conveying line, comprises the following steps:
fixing a plurality of trays on a conveying line according to a preset interval;
taking one end of the conveying line far away from the designated position as a manual feeding area, and manually placing a tray of the part on the tray;
the conveying line operates in a reciprocating circulating supply mode, conveys the pallets assembled with the parts to a specified position, and conveys the empty pallets from the specified position back to the manual feeding area for feeding.
The method for automatically mounting a component on a mechanism as described above, wherein the conveyor line preferably operates in a reciprocating supply, specifically includes:
and setting the conveying track into an upper layer circulation structure and a lower layer circulation structure so as to enable the conveying line to operate in an upper circulation mode and a lower circulation mode, wherein the conveying track drives the upper layer tray to move to one side of the specified position, and the lower layer tray moves to one side of the manual feeding area.
The method for automatically mounting a component on a mechanism as described above, wherein the conveyor line preferably operates in a reciprocating supply, specifically includes:
and setting the conveying track into a horizontal circulating structure so that the conveying line runs in a horizontal circulating mode in the same horizontal plane, wherein the conveying track drives the inner tray to move to one side of the specified position, and the outer tray moves to one side of the manual feeding area.
The method for automatically mounting a component on a mechanism as described above, wherein the conveyor line preferably operates in a reciprocating supply, specifically includes:
and setting the conveying track into a vertical circulating structure so that the conveying line runs in a vertical circulating mode in the same vertical plane, wherein the conveying track drives the inner tray to move to one side of the designated position, and the outer tray moves to one side of the manual feeding area.
The method for automatically installing the part on the mechanism as described above, wherein preferably, the robot moves the mechanism to the workpiece loading position, specifically comprises:
the robot clamps the mechanism and drives the mechanism to move to the workpiece loading position through a mechanical arm, wherein the mechanism comprises part holding equipment, and the direction of the surface to be assembled of the mechanism is consistent with that of the tray on the specified position.
The method for automatically installing the parts on the mechanism as described above, wherein preferably, the grabbing the parts on the tray onto the mechanism by using a grabbing mechanism provided on the mechanism specifically includes:
and pushing a grabbing structure arranged at the top end of each cylinder to grab the parts in the tray conveyed to the designated position by using a plurality of telescopic cylinders arranged on the surface to be assembled of the mechanism, and placing the grabbed parts on the assembly position of the surface to be assembled of the mechanism.
The method for automatically mounting a part on a mechanism as described above, wherein preferably, the grabbing the part on the tray onto the mechanism by a grabbing mechanism provided on the mechanism further comprises:
after the current surface to be assembled of the mechanism is assembled, the robot clamps the mechanism to turn over so as to enable the direction of the next surface to be assembled to be consistent with that of the tray on the designated position;
and pushing a grabbing structure arranged at the top end of each cylinder to grab the residual parts in the tray conveyed to the appointed position by using a plurality of telescopic cylinders arranged on the next surface to be assembled of the mechanism, and placing the grabbed parts on the assembling position of the next surface to be assembled of the mechanism.
The method for automatically mounting a part on a mechanism as described above, wherein preferably, the method for automatically mounting a part on a mechanism further comprises:
after the grabbing is completed, the empty tray is transported from the designated position to the manual loading area for manual loading, and the parts are placed on the tray so that the tray reassembled with the parts can be transported to the designated position through the transportation line.
The method for automatically mounting a part on a mechanism as described above, wherein preferably, the method for automatically mounting a part on a mechanism further comprises:
and protecting the workers by using the grating covering the automatic assembly area of the robot.
The invention provides a method for automatically installing parts on a mechanism, which is characterized in that the parts on a tray are automatically grabbed onto the mechanism through a grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism, so that the automatic grabbing and positioning are accurate, the product position is accurate, the consistency of the quality of the produced products is improved, and the installation error of workers in short operation time can be avoided; the tray is conveyed through the conveying line, so that workers do not need to grab the regional operation of parts in a mechanism, batch loading can be completed in an artificial loading region outside an automatic assembly region by the workers, the workers can install the trays at one time, the conveying line conveys the trays into the installation region, the time is sufficient, mistakes are not easy to make mistakes, the workers can mount the trays at intervals for a long time, and labor cost and workload are saved.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of the present invention for providing automated installation of parts onto a mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper and lower circulating conveyor line according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal circulation conveyor line according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical circulation conveyor line according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the part on the tray grabbed by the grabbing mechanism on the mechanism provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not as limitative, unless specifically stated otherwise.
As used in this disclosure, "first", "second": and the like, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element preceding the word covers the element listed after the word, and does not exclude the possibility that other elements are also covered. "upper", "lower", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
In the present disclosure, when a specific component is described as being located between a first component and a second component, there may or may not be intervening components between the specific component and the first component or the second component. When it is described that a specific component is connected to other components, the specific component may be directly connected to the other components without having an intervening component, or may be directly connected to the other components without having an intervening component.
All terms (including technical or scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in an actual implementation process, the method for automatically mounting a component on a mechanism provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
step S1, the pallet 2 with the parts 1 mounted thereon is conveyed to the designated position 4 by the conveyance line 3.
In an embodiment of the method for automatically installing a part on a mechanism according to the present invention, the step S1 may specifically include:
and step S11, fixing a plurality of trays 2 to the conveying line 3 at preset intervals.
Each tray 2 is fixed and positioned to ensure the accuracy of the position of each tray 2. The manual work can once be put a plurality of trays 2 on transfer chain 3, has installed fixing device or profiling on every tray 2, and fixing device matches each other with the tong on the cylinder of setting on mechanism 7 to guarantee mechanism 7 and grab the smoothness nature of connecing transmission part 1, and the position of grabbing (assigned position) of mechanism 7 is unique.
And step S12, taking one end of the conveying line 3 far away from the designated position 4 as a manual feeding area 5, and manually placing the part 1 on the tray 2.
Step S13, the conveyor line 3 operates in a reciprocating supply manner, and conveys the pallet 2, to which the parts 1 are fitted, to the designated position 4, and conveys the empty pallet from the designated position 4 back to the manual feeding area 5 for feeding.
In one implementation of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a conveying track is set to have an upper and lower layer circulation structure, so that the conveying line 3 operates in an upper and lower circulation manner, wherein the conveying track drives an upper layer tray to move to the designated position 4 side, and a lower layer tray moves to the manual feeding area 5 side.
The advantage of the up-and-down circulation operation mode is that the occupied area is small, the foremost end (rightmost end) of the conveyor line 3 is the designated position 4, that is, the mechanism 7 is the area for grabbing the part 1, after the mechanism 7 finishes grabbing the part 1 in the upper tray 2 on the designated position 4, the empty tray 2 can move vertically downwards, the conveyor belt on the lower layer drives the empty tray to move to the manual feeding area 5 (leftmost end of the conveyor line 3 in fig. 2), and the manual feeding area 5 is far away from the robot working area.
In another implementation manner of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a conveying track is set to be a horizontal circulation structure, so that the conveying line 3 operates in a horizontal circulation manner in the same horizontal plane, wherein the conveying track drives an inner tray to move to the designated position 4 side, and an outer tray moves to the manual feeding area 5 side. The specific working process can refer to the above-mentioned up-down circulation operation mode, which is not described in detail in the present invention.
The foremost end (upper right corner) of transfer chain 3 is assigned position 4, and mechanism 7 snatchs the region of part 1 promptly, and after mechanism 7 accomplished snatching the part 1 in the inboard tray 2 that is located assigned position 4, empty tray 2 can move to the outside along the vertical direction, and the conveyer belt in the outside drives empty tray and moves to artifical material loading region 5 (the lower left corner of transfer chain 3 in fig. 3).
In still another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the conveying track is configured to be a vertical circulation structure, so that the conveying line 3 operates in a vertical circulation manner in the same vertical plane, wherein the conveying track drives the inner tray to move to the designated position 4 side, and the outer tray moves to the manual feeding area 5 side.
The foremost end (lower left corner) of transfer chain 3 is assigned position 4, and mechanism 7 snatchs the region of part 1 promptly, and after mechanism 7 accomplished snatching the part 1 to the inboard tray 2 that is located on assigned position 4, empty tray 2 can move along clockwise outside along with the conveyer belt, and the conveyer belt in the outside drives empty tray and moves to artifical material loading region 5 (the upper right corner of transfer chain 3 in fig. 3).
It should be noted that the length of the conveying line 3 in fig. 2-4 is not limited in the present invention, and the conveying line in fig. 2-4 may be configured as a multi-layer structure, and the conveying number of the trays on the conveying line may be adjusted according to the production requirement (for example, the number of the workers feeding at a time, the feeding interval, the length of the conveying line, etc.). The specific working process can refer to the above-mentioned up-down circulation operation mode, which is not described in detail in the present invention.
In step S2, the robot 6 moves the mechanism 7 to the workpiece loading position 8.
Specifically, the robot 6 clamps the mechanism 7, and drives the mechanism 7 to move to the loading position 8 through a mechanical arm, wherein the mechanism 7 includes a Part Holding Device (PHD), and a surface to be assembled of the mechanism 7 is in accordance with the direction of the tray 2 at the designated position 4.
Step S3, the part 1 on the tray 2 is grabbed onto the mechanism 7 by the grabbing mechanism 9 provided on the mechanism 7.
The pallets 2 on the conveying line 3 are transported at intervals, a worker places the pallet 2 equipped with the parts 1 on the conveying line 3, the pallet 2 on the conveying line 3 moves forward, the pallet 2 is moved to the designated position 4 and stops, the pallet 2 is positioned by the positioning mechanism on the conveying line 3, and the grabbing mechanism 9 on the mechanism 7 grabs the parts on the positioned pallet 2. The rear tray 2 waits behind and moves forward after the front tray 2 is removed.
As shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment of the method for automatically mounting a part on a mechanism of the present invention, the step S3 may specifically include:
and step S31, utilizing a plurality of telescopic air cylinders 10 arranged on the surface to be assembled of the mechanism 7 to push a grabbing structure 9 arranged at the top end of each air cylinder 10 to grab the parts 1 in the tray 2 conveyed to the designated position 4, and placing the grabbed parts on the assembling position of the surface to be assembled of the mechanism 7.
As shown in fig. 5, when the grasping mechanism 9 grasps the component, the guide rod of the air cylinder 10 extends out, and the component 1 can be grasped by the grasping mechanism 9 arranged at the top end of the guide rod of the air cylinder 10.
Normally, to realize automatic workpiece feeding of the mechanism 7, two robots are needed, one robot moves the mechanism 7 to a workpiece feeding position, the other robot feeds the mechanism 7, and the robot needs to be provided with a part grabbing clamp, after grabbing the part 1 on the conveying line, the robot is matched with a part clamping mechanism on the mechanism 7 to complete the workpiece feeding function of the mechanism.
Considering that the product structure of the mechanism 7 is different, some mechanisms 7 are only provided with parts on the front side, and some mechanisms 7 are provided with parts on the front side and the back side, when the mechanism 7 needs to be provided with parts on two sides, the robot 6 can rotate the mechanism 7 to enable the air cylinder 10 on the other side to grab parts, and therefore double-side grabbing can be achieved.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the method for automatically installing parts on a mechanism of the present invention, the step S3 may further include:
step S32, after the assembly of the current surface to be assembled of the mechanism 7 is completed, the robot 6 clamps the mechanism 7 and turns over, so that the direction of the next surface to be assembled is consistent with the direction of the tray 2 at the designated position 4.
And step S33, using a plurality of telescopic air cylinders 10 arranged on the next surface to be assembled of the mechanism 7 to push a grabbing structure 9 arranged at the top end of each air cylinder 10 to grab the residual parts 1 in the tray 2 conveyed to the designated position 4, and placing the grabbed parts on the assembling position of the next surface to be assembled of the mechanism 7.
Further, the method for automatically installing the part on the mechanism further comprises the following steps:
step S4, after the completion of the grasping, the empty tray 2 is transported from the specified position 4 back to the manual feeding area 5 for manual feeding, and the parts 1 are placed on the tray 2 to transport the tray 2, which is reassembled with the parts 1, to the specified position 4 by the transport line 3.
For the same mechanism 7, the tray 2 is fixed to the conveying line, the tray 2 does not need to be taken down in the subsequent manual feeding process, and for different mechanisms 7, the tray 2 matched with the models of the mechanisms 7 can be detached and replaced.
Further, the method for automatically installing the part on the mechanism further comprises the following steps:
and step S5, protecting workers by using the grating covering the automatic assembly area of the robot 6.
The grating is a light wall formed by a device of invisible light, and in the case that the mechanism 7 is not moved to the upper position 8, if a worker accidentally touches the grating in a waiting area, the robot 6 is caused to pause. Through the grating, the worker can be prevented from entering the automatic assembly area of the robot 6, the worker is prevented from colliding with the mechanism 7 to cause danger, and the potential safety risk of production caused by manual operation is avoided.
According to the method for automatically installing the parts on the mechanism, the parts on the tray are automatically grabbed onto the mechanism through the grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism, automatic grabbing and positioning are accurate, the product position is accurate, the consistency of the quality of the produced products is improved, and installation errors of workers in short operation time can be avoided; the tray is conveyed through the conveying line, so that workers do not need to grab the regional operation of parts in a mechanism, batch loading can be completed in an artificial loading region outside an automatic assembly region by the workers, the workers can install the trays at one time, the conveying line conveys the trays into the installation region, the time is sufficient, mistakes are not easy to make mistakes, the workers can mount the trays at intervals for a long time, and labor cost and workload are saved.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. It will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description how to practice the presently disclosed embodiments.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the above embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method of automatically mounting a part to a mechanism, comprising:
conveying the pallet assembled with the parts to a designated position through a conveying line;
the robot moves the mechanism to the workpiece loading position;
and grabbing the parts on the tray onto the mechanism by using a grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism.
2. The method for automatically mounting parts on a mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the step of conveying the pallets with the parts mounted thereon to a designated position by a conveying line comprises the following steps:
fixing a plurality of trays on a conveying line according to a preset interval;
taking one end of the conveying line far away from the designated position as a manual feeding area, and manually placing the parts on a tray;
the conveying line operates in a reciprocating circulating supply mode, conveys the pallets assembled with the parts to a specified position, and conveys the empty pallets from the specified position back to the manual feeding area for feeding.
3. A method for the automatic installation of parts on a mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that said conveyor line operates in a reciprocating cyclic supply, comprising in particular:
and setting the conveying track into an upper layer circulation structure and a lower layer circulation structure so as to enable the conveying line to operate in an upper circulation mode and a lower circulation mode, wherein the conveying track drives the upper layer tray to move to one side of the specified position, and the lower layer tray moves to one side of the manual feeding area.
4. A method for the automatic installation of parts on a mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that said conveyor line operates in a reciprocating cyclic supply, comprising in particular:
and setting the conveying track into a horizontal circulating structure so that the conveying line runs in a horizontal circulating mode in the same horizontal plane, wherein the conveying track drives the inner tray to move to one side of the specified position, and the outer tray moves to one side of the manual feeding area.
5. A method for the automatic installation of parts on a mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that said conveyor line operates in a reciprocating cyclic supply, comprising in particular:
and setting the conveying track into a vertical circulating structure so that the conveying line runs in a vertical circulating mode in the same vertical plane, wherein the conveying track drives the inner tray to move to one side of the designated position, and the outer tray moves to one side of the manual feeding area.
6. The method for automatically mounting a part onto a mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein the robot moves the mechanism to a work-up position, specifically comprising:
the robot clamps the mechanism and drives the mechanism to move to the workpiece loading position through a mechanical arm, wherein the mechanism comprises part holding equipment, and the direction of the surface to be assembled of the mechanism is consistent with that of the tray on the specified position.
7. The method for automatically mounting parts on a mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the grabbing the parts on the tray onto the mechanism by a grabbing mechanism arranged on the mechanism specifically comprises:
and pushing a grabbing structure arranged at the top end of each cylinder to grab the parts in the tray conveyed to the designated position by using a plurality of telescopic cylinders arranged on the surface to be assembled of the mechanism, and placing the grabbed parts on the assembly position of the surface to be assembled of the mechanism.
8. The method for automatically mounting parts onto a mechanism according to claim 7, wherein said picking said parts on said pallet onto said mechanism with a pick mechanism provided on said mechanism further comprises:
after the current surface to be assembled of the mechanism is assembled, the robot clamps the mechanism to turn over so as to enable the direction of the next surface to be assembled to be consistent with that of the tray on the designated position;
and pushing a grabbing structure arranged at the top end of each cylinder to grab the residual parts in the tray conveyed to the appointed position by using a plurality of telescopic cylinders arranged on the next surface to be assembled of the mechanism, and placing the grabbed parts on the assembling position of the next surface to be assembled of the mechanism.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of automatically mounting a part to a mechanism further comprises:
after the grabbing is completed, the empty tray is transported from the designated position to the manual loading area for manual loading, and the parts are placed on the tray so that the tray reassembled with the parts can be transported to the designated position through the transportation line.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of automatically mounting a part to a mechanism further comprises:
and protecting the workers by using the grating covering the automatic assembly area of the robot.
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