CN113333981A - Large-size pi-shaped pipeline installation method - Google Patents
Large-size pi-shaped pipeline installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113333981A CN113333981A CN202110620530.6A CN202110620530A CN113333981A CN 113333981 A CN113333981 A CN 113333981A CN 202110620530 A CN202110620530 A CN 202110620530A CN 113333981 A CN113333981 A CN 113333981A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010839 reverse transcription Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
- B23K31/027—Making tubes with soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for installing a large-size pi-shaped pipeline, which comprises the steps of horizontally placing the pipeline below a cross-road steel structure on site, dividing the pipeline into a component 1 and a component 2, combining the components into 2 factory-shaped structures, respectively finishing the work of aligning, welding and RT (reverse transcription) detection of the pipeline in the components, and passing the inspection and acceptance of a general packet party and an owner party. The invention provides a method for installing a large-size pi-shaped pipeline, which has the advantages that only one crane is needed, primary hoisting command is not needed, and the cost of machines is reduced. And multiple cranes are prevented from being matched for construction in the construction process, so that the safety risk is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline installation, and particularly relates to a large-size pi-shaped pipeline installation method.
Background
The cross-road pipeline is common in various industrial factories, and the large-size cross-road pipeline mainly has the characteristics of heavy weight and large overall dimension. In the construction process, different difficulties are brought to construction due to factors such as construction sites, construction environments, construction cost and the like, so that different construction methods can be adopted.
In the prior art, hoisting is relatively complex and strict. The safety specification requires: when a single crane works, if the working load is greater than 85% of the rated load, a special hoisting operation plan issued by a first-level hoisting command is required or a first-level crane worker commands on site. If the hoisted objects of 40t or more are hoisted or two or more cranes are operated cooperatively, a 'first-level hoisting command' is needed for commanding.
The hoisting command is divided into 3 grades of 'first-grade hoisting command', 'second-grade hoisting command' and 'third-grade hoisting command'. The first-level hoisting command has the highest level, the third-level hoisting command has the lowest level, the third-level hoisting command can only command hoisted objects below 10t, the second-level hoisting command can command hoisted objects of 10t-39t, the first-level hoisting command can command hoisted objects of 40t or more, and can command hoisting work of more than two vehicles which are matched with each other, and other hoisting work with special requirements such as night construction and the like. Particularly, in the 'first-level hoisting command' of the project work of the America oil company, the America oil company needs to be approved and issue a work certificate to work, so the expense is higher, the temporary labor work is 400 Riyaer/hour, and because the America oil company has strict control and control, the number of issued work permission is less, and the 'first-level hoisting command' is difficult to be hired in ideal time in short-term use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for installing a large-size pi-shaped pipeline. And multiple cranes are prevented from being matched for construction in the construction process, so that the safety risk is reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for installing a large-size pi-shaped pipeline, which comprises the following steps
(1) Assembly combination
Horizontally placing the pipeline below the cross-road steel structure on site, dividing the pipeline into a component 1 and a component 2, combining the components into 2 shapes in a shape like a Chinese character 'factory', respectively finishing the work of pipeline alignment, welding, welded junction RT (reverse transcription) detection and the like in the components, and passing the acceptance of a general packet party and an owner party;
(2) component body turning over
The maximum length of the assembly 1 after combination is more than or equal to 18m, the maximum length of the assembly 2 after combination is more than or equal to 17.6m, the height of the assembly 1 after combination is more than or equal to 9m, the height of the assembly 2 after combination is more than or equal to 8.6m, the overall weight of the assembly 1 after combination is more than or equal to 26.06t, the weight of the assembly 2 after combination is more than or equal to 24.62t, and the total weight of a lifting appliance and a lifting hook is more than or equal to 5 t. The component can be turned over and put in place by using a crane, the working range of the crane is determined to be 20m according to the weight calculation of the component 1, the load rate is less than 85 percent according to safety specifications, the rated load of the crane 20m is not less than (26.06+5)/0.85 t which is 36.5t, and the component can be turned over from the horizontal state to the vertical state according to the calculation that a 300t truck crane can meet the hoisting requirement.
(3) With the components in place
Taking the sequence of firstly hoisting the component 1 and then hoisting the component 2 as an example, after the component 1 is turned over and leveled, the component 1 is hoisted to a position where the component is positioned by a 300t truck crane. According to the design, only one formal support is arranged on the main beam at each end of the steel structure, and the components 1 and 2 cannot be balanced after being independently placed in place, so that the crane cannot be hooked loosely after the components 1 are placed in place to keep the stability of the pipeline. And then stably reinforcing the assembly, wherein the reinforcing work comprises the following steps:
firstly, after the welded junction A is in place, the pipeline butt welding work is immediately carried out, and at least argon arc welding bottoming and one layer of manual welding cover surface of the welded junction are finished.
And secondly, the pipe clamp for aligning the pipeline is retained on the weld opening, and the limiting bolt is tightened, so that the stress of the weld opening is reduced.
And thirdly, below the horizontal section of the component 1, a batten is used for being filled between the pipeline and the secondary beam, and the levelness of the horizontal section of the component is ensured.
Fourthly, temporarily supporting and strengthening the stability below the 90-degree elbow at the welding opening A.
After the reinforcement work is completed, the crane can be unhooked. After the crane of the component 1 looses the hook, the hoisting work of the component 2 is carried out, the hoisting procedure of the component 2 is the same as that of the component 1, and after the component 2 is in place, the opening aligning, welding and reinforcing work is carried out on the welding opening B and the welding opening C at the same time.
The large-size pi-shaped pipeline is as follows: the outer diameter of the pipeline is larger than or equal to 1422.4mm, the wall thickness is larger than or equal to 28.58mm, the center elevation of the pipeline is larger than or equal to 9361mm, the center distance of two vertical pipes is larger than or equal to 30000mm, the lengths of the vertical pipes are larger than or equal to 7600mm and larger than or equal to 8000mm respectively, a single pipeline is provided with A, B formal supports on a steel frame, the unit weight of a straight pipe is larger than or equal to 0.98t/m, the unit weight of a 90-degree elbow is larger than or equal to 4.5 t/piece, and the combined weight of the pipeline is larger than or equal to 50.22 t.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method has the advantages that only one crane is needed, and primary hoisting command is not needed, so that the cost of machines and tools is reduced. And multiple cranes are prevented from being matched for construction in the construction process, so that the safety risk is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sectional assembly of the present invention.
Priming by argon arc welding: argon arc welding is a non-melting electrode welding method protected by argon gas, and is characterized by that it uses a special welding handle, uses tungsten bar as electrode, and uses argon gas to protect the periphery of the electrode, when the short circuit is used to ignite electric arc, the base material is melted, and the argon gas protects molten pool, then the welding wire is used to melt and form welding seam. Argon is an inert gas that does not undergo oxidation reactions with molten metal. Priming means first layer soldering. I.e. the closed welding of the pipes. The main purpose is that the bottom layer does not form welding slag and keeps the interior of the pipeline clean.
One layer of welding rod is filled in an arc welding mode: the filling refers to the number of welding layers between the argon arc welding priming coat and the outermost layer (cover coat) of the crater, and the number of filling layers is different according to the wall thickness of the pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
The Saudi MGS second-stage project is a new project of a gas booster station, the owner is Saudi America oil company, the specification of a main pipeline of a plant area is 56 inches, the total length is 10762m, and 5 pipelines are designed to cross roads to match with the road of the plant area. The 6 pipelines are arranged side by side on the pipeline gallery, the outer diameter of the pipeline is 1422mm, and the wall thickness has two specifications of 25.4mm and 28.58 mm. This example compares the advantages and disadvantages of the two schemes by comparing the overall combination with the installation scheme of the present invention.
Parameters associated with the pipe
The field large size pipeline has 5 positions, and 56 inches 28.58mm pipelines in a U30 area PB01 are taken as an example for illustration. The outer diameter of the pipeline is 1422.4mm, the wall thickness is 28.58mm, as shown in figure 1, the central elevation of the pipeline is 9361mm, the central distance between two vertical pipes is 30000mm, and the lengths of the vertical pipes are 7600mm and 8000mm respectively. The single pipeline has A, B two formal supports on the steel frame. The unit weight of the straight pipe is 0.98t/m, the unit weight of the 90-degree elbow is about 4.5 t/pipe, and the combined weight of the pipeline is about 50.22 t.
Pi-shaped pipeline construction method and analysis
Integral combined hoisting method
According to the common practice, the pipelines are combined on the ground into pi-shaped structures as shown in figure 2, the high-altitude work is reduced as much as possible, and the construction steps are as follows:
(1) assembly combination
The pipeline is horizontally placed on the spot below the cross-road steel structure for combination, the work of pipeline alignment, welding, welded junction RT detection and the like is completed, and the inspection and acceptance of a general packet side and an owner side are passed.
(2) Component body turning over
The maximum length of the assembly is 35m, the maximum height is 9m, the weight reaches 50.22t, and the weight of a lifting appliance, a crane lifting hook and a steel wire rope is considered to be 5 t. The assembled assembly is turned over using 1 main crane and 2 auxiliary cranes and then put into place by the main crane. According to the field situation, the working range of the main crane needs 20m, the working load is less than 85% of the rated load according to the American safety standard, so that the rated load is not less than (52.22+ 5)/0.85-67.31 t when the main crane works at 20m, and the main crane selects a truck crane of 450t to meet the construction requirement because the construction field is not suitable for arranging the crawler cranes. The working amplitude of the auxiliary crane is considered as 8m, the working load is considered as 50% of the weight of the whole assembly, 2 75t truck cranes are determined to be used as the auxiliary cranes, a first-level hoisting command is required to be commanded on site during hoisting, and the assembly is turned from the horizontal state to the vertical state.
(3) With the components in place
After the assembly is turned over to be in a vertical state, a lifting appliance of the auxiliary crane is taken down, the assembly is placed on supports at A, B by a truck crane of 450t, the lifting appliance is taken down after the relative size is adjusted, and the crane is unhooked.
The method has the advantages that the high-altitude operation is less, all assembly work is completed on the ground, and other auxiliary or reinforcing measures are not needed after the components are in place. But the area of the required combined field is large and the combination is not flexible enough. When the assembly is turned over, a plurality of cranes are required to be matched and the 'first-level hoisting command' is required, so that the assembly has certain risk and high cost. Special weather such as strong wind, sand storm and the like is foreseen, and great economic loss is caused if workers are lost.
The invention discloses a method for installing a large-size pi-shaped pipeline, which comprises the following steps:
(1) assembly combination
Horizontally placing the pipeline below the cross-road steel structure on site, dividing the pipeline into a component 1 and a component 2 as shown in figure 2, combining the components into 2 'factory' -shaped structures, respectively finishing the work of pipeline alignment, welding, welded junction RT (reverse transcription) detection and the like in the components, and passing the inspection and acceptance of a general packet side and an owner side;
(2) component body turning over
The combined maximum length of the two modules is about 18m (module 1) and 17.6m (module 2), the height is 9m (module 1) and 8.6m (module 2), and the total weight is about 26.06t (module 1) and 24.62t (module 2), and the total weight of the hanger and the lifting hook is 5 t. The component can be turned over and put in place by using a crane, the working range of the crane is determined to be 20m according to the weight calculation of the component 1, the load rate is less than 85 percent according to safety specifications, the rated load of the crane 20m is not less than (26.06+5)/0.85 t which is 36.5t, and the component can be turned over from the horizontal state to the vertical state according to the calculation that a 300t truck crane can meet the hoisting requirement.
(3) With the components in place
Taking the sequence of firstly hoisting the component 1 and then hoisting the component 2 as an example, after the component 1 is turned over and leveled, the component 1 is hoisted to a position where the component is positioned by a 300t truck crane. According to the design, only one formal support is arranged on the main beam at each end of the steel structure, and the components 1 and 2 cannot be balanced after being independently placed in place, so that the crane cannot be hooked loosely after the components 1 are placed in place to keep the stability of the pipeline. And then stably reinforcing the assembly, wherein the reinforcing work comprises the following steps:
firstly, after the welded junction A is in place, the pipeline butt welding work is immediately carried out, and at least argon arc welding bottoming and one layer of manual welding cover surface of the welded junction are finished.
And secondly, the pipe clamp for aligning the pipeline is retained on the weld opening, and the limiting bolt is tightened, so that the stress of the weld opening is reduced.
And thirdly, below the horizontal section of the component 1, a batten is used for being filled between the pipeline and the secondary beam, and the levelness of the horizontal section of the component is ensured.
Fourthly, temporarily supporting and strengthening the stability below the 90-degree elbow at the welding opening A.
After the reinforcement work is completed, the crane can be unhooked. After the crane of the component 1 looses the hook, the hoisting work of the component 2 is carried out, the hoisting procedure of the component 2 is the same as that of the component 1, and after the component 2 is in place, the opening aligning, welding and reinforcing work is carried out on the welding opening B and the welding opening C at the same time.
The construction method for selecting the Saudi MGS second-stage project is 'sectional combined hoisting', the coordination of a plurality of machines and tools and the use of 'first-stage hoisting command' are avoided in the construction process, the construction continuity is good, the utilization rate of the machines and tools is high, and certain effect is achieved in the aspect of economy.
When the components are combined, the components need to be combined below a road-crossing steel structure, a road at the position is occupied, pipelines can be placed compactly through sectional combination, the basic passing condition of the road at the position is guaranteed, and the passing influence on site construction vehicles is reduced. The field implementation proves that the method for sectional combined hoisting of the large-size pi-shaped pipeline has strong operability.
Through comparison, a series of actions such as turning over and hoisting of the assembly are completed by a single crane, the method has the advantages of small combined occupied area, small using amount of machines and tools and the like, and the installation work of the wide pipeline at the 5-position on site is smoothly completed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for installing the large-size pi-shaped pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps
Step 1. Assembly combination
Horizontally placing the pipeline below the cross-road steel structure on site, dividing the pipeline into a component 1 and a component 2, combining the components into 2 shapes in a shape like a Chinese character 'factory', respectively finishing the work of aligning, welding and welding port RT (reverse transcription) detection of the pipeline in the components, and passing the acceptance of a general packet party and an owner party;
step 2, turning over the assembly
The maximum length of the combined component 1 is more than or equal to 18m, the maximum length of the combined component 2 is more than or equal to 17.6m, the height of the combined component 1 is more than or equal to 9m, the height of the combined component 2 is more than or equal to 8.6m, the overall weight of the combined component 1 is more than or equal to 26.06t, the combined weight of the combined component 2 is more than or equal to 24.62t, and the total weight of a lifting appliance and a lifting hook is more than or equal to 5t, wherein the component is turned over and positioned by using a crane, the working amplitude of the crane is determined to be 20m according to the weight calculation of the component 1, the load rate is less than 85% according to the safety specification, the 20m rated load of the crane is not less than 36.5t, and the component is turned over from the horizontal state to the vertical state according to the calculation that 300t of the truck crane meets the lifting requirement;
step 3, positioning the assembly
According to the sequence of firstly hoisting the component 1 and then hoisting the component 2, after the component 1 is turned over and leveled, the component 1 is hoisted to the in-position by a 300t truck crane, according to the design, only one formal support is respectively arranged on the main beams at two ends of a steel structure, the component 1 and the component 2 cannot be balanced after being independently in position, and after the component 1 is in position, a crane cannot loosen a hook, and then the component is stably reinforced;
after the reinforcement work is finished, the crane is unhooked, the component 1 is hoisted by the crane, the component 2 is hoisted, the hoisting procedure of the component 2 is the same as that of the component 1, and after the component 2 is in place, the weld joint B and the weld joint C are subjected to butt joint, welding and reinforcement work at the same time.
2. The method for installing a large-sized pi-shaped pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcement work in step 3 comprises:
after the welded junction A is in place, immediately performing pipeline butt welding work, and at least completing argon arc welding bottoming and one-layer welding rod arc welding filling of the welded junction;
secondly, the pipe clamp for aligning the pipeline is retained on the weld crater and the limiting bolt is tightened, so that the stress of the weld crater is reduced;
thirdly, a batten is arranged between the pipeline and the secondary beam below the horizontal section of the component 1 in a cushioning mode, and the levelness of the horizontal section of the component is guaranteed;
fourthly, temporarily supporting and strengthening the stability below the 90-degree elbow at the welding opening A.
3. The method for installing a large-size pi-shaped pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the large-size pi-shaped pipeline is: the outer diameter of the pipeline is larger than or equal to 1422.4mm, the wall thickness is larger than or equal to 28.58mm, the center elevation of the pipeline is larger than or equal to 9361mm, the center distance of two vertical pipes is larger than or equal to 30000mm, the lengths of the vertical pipes are larger than or equal to 7600mm and larger than or equal to 8000mm respectively, a single pipeline is provided with A, B formal supports on a steel frame, the unit weight of a straight pipe is larger than or equal to 0.98t/m, the unit weight of a 90-degree elbow is larger than or equal to 4.5 t/piece, and the combined weight of the pipeline is larger than or equal to 50.22 t.
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