CN113330833B - Multi-spade plowing machine - Google Patents

Multi-spade plowing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113330833B
CN113330833B CN202110652003.3A CN202110652003A CN113330833B CN 113330833 B CN113330833 B CN 113330833B CN 202110652003 A CN202110652003 A CN 202110652003A CN 113330833 B CN113330833 B CN 113330833B
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handle
driving
pieces
frame
board
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CN202110652003.3A
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CN113330833A (en
Inventor
石明霞
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SHANDONG SIDAIER AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT CO.,LTD.
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Shandong Sidaier Agricultural Equipment Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B35/00—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
    • A01B35/02—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing with non-rotating tools
    • A01B35/04—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing with non-rotating tools drawn by animal or tractor or man-power
    • A01B35/08—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing with non-rotating tools drawn by animal or tractor or man-power with rigid tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B35/00—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
    • A01B35/20—Tools; Details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B35/00—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
    • A01B35/20—Tools; Details
    • A01B35/22—Non-rotating tools; Resilient or flexible mounting of rigid tools
    • A01B35/26—Rigid tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B35/00—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
    • A01B35/20—Tools; Details
    • A01B35/30—Undercarriages

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-spade ground turning machine, which is characterized in that: support arms are fixed at two ends of a cross beam of the frame, a support piece is arranged at the joint, and a support piece extends out of one side of the cross beamn Convex partThe piece is provided with a lug I of a pin shaft I, the driving frame is fixed between 2 support arms through 2 driving plates at two ends, and the tail ends of 2 legs of the propeller strut of the traction frame are arranged on the driving frame; the crankshaft of the plowing mechanism consists of 1 central shaft I,n InA central shaft II of the component,n HandleA crank piece,n Driving deviceA driving shaft I and a driving shaft II with 2 parts,n rocking deviceThe rocker arms of the members are respectively hinged ton Convex partSpade for turning over the ground on pin I of lug In RodOne end of a connecting rod is hinged withn Driving deviceThe middle part of a driving shaft I and a driving shaft II are hinged at the other endn Rocking deviceEach shovel head is arranged in a longitudinal round hole of the connecting rod through a shovel handle on a pin shaft I of the rocker arm; a speed reducer of the driving device is connected with the central shaft I, and an input shaft is connected with the transmission shaft through a universal joint. The invention replaces manpower, has high efficiency and has balanced soil after plowing.

Description

Multi-spade plowing machine
Technical Field
The invention provides a multi-spade land turning machine, belongs to the field of agricultural machinery equipment, and is mainly used for turning and loosening soil on land before sowing.
Background
Before various crops are sown, the soil is generally required to be turned over and loosened so as to achieve the purpose of loosening the soil. Until the advent of agricultural machinery, the "manpower + shovel" plowing mode was available only, especially for the most impoverished farmers who did not have tillers available. In the process of turning the soil by using the spade, the soil is pushed backwards after the spade is treaded by manpower, so that the soil in the whole turning depth, namely a mature soil layer on the surface layer of the soil and a green soil layer in the deep part of the soil, is completely disordered and mixed, the aim of loosening the soil is fulfilled, the fertility in the soil is balanced, good conditions are created for the growth of crops, and the labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low.
The multi-furrow plough greatly reduces the labor intensity of people and has high efficiency. However, when the ordinary multi-furrow plough is used for ploughing, the soil is guided by the curved surface of the plough body, and the soil in the whole ploughing depth is basically turned over integrally, namely, a mellow soil layer with sufficient soil surface fertility and rich nutrition is turned to the lowest part, and a hardened and hard raw soil layer at the lowest part is turned to the uppermost part, so that the growth and development of crops are not facilitated. In addition, when the common multi-furrow plough is used for ploughing, a commercial ridge and a commercial furrow are formed, which is not beneficial to leveling the seed bed before the crop is sowed. With the appearance of hydraulic turnover plows in recent years, the problems of commercial ridges and commercial furrows formed during plowing are solved, but the problem that the whole soil in the whole plowing depth is turned over to cause unfavorable growth and development of crops still cannot be solved.
In view of the current situation of the agricultural machinery equipment industry, a multi-spade plowing machine which can reduce the labor intensity of people, has high efficiency, can balance the soil fertility and can not turn the soil in the whole plowing depth integrally is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-spade land ploughing machine which can overcome the problems in the existing agricultural machinery equipment industry, not only replaces manpower, has high efficiency, but also has balanced soil fertility after land ploughing and is beneficial to the growth and development of crops.
The technical scheme is as follows: including frame, mechanism and drive arrangement turn over, the frame includes support, drive frame and traction frame, and wherein the support includes support arm, crossbeam, lug I, round pin axle I and support piece, and the one end of 2 support arms that are the straight bar shape is the symmetry respectively and is fixed at the crossbeam both ends that the level was arranged, and 2 support arms are located the coplanar, and the tip that the crossbeam was kept away from to the support arm inclines towards the crossbeam middle part, just arranges towards the top of crossbeam, and crossbeam one side radially stretches out along the crossbeam hasn Convex partA part lug I, ann Convex partIs a multiple of 6 or 8, each lug I is arranged along the length direction of the beam, the distance between 2 lugs I on two sides of the length direction center of the beam is a, and the number of the 2 lugs I is as followsN 1 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 convexThe 2 lugs I adjacent to and outside the lug I are numbered asN 2 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 convexThe 2 lugs I adjacent to and outside the lug I are numbered asN 3 convex ……N n(convex/2)2 pieces removedN 1 convexOutside No. I lug, all the other distances between each adjacent lug I are b, and a > b, all be equipped with axis on each lug I and be on a parallel with the round pin axle I of crossbeam, the axis of each round pin axle I is coaxial, and I axis of each round pin axle and crossbeamThe included angle between the plane formed by the support arms and the plane formed by the 2 support arms and the cross beam isαEach of 2 support arms is provided with 1 support member, the frame is supported on the ground through 2 support members 115, the driving frame comprises side link rods and a driving plate, and 2 parallel side link rods are fixed between the side link rodsn BoardA drive plate, andn board=n Convex partThe middle parts of the driving plates are provided with round holes, the axes of the round holes are coaxial, the distance between 2 driving plates positioned at two sides of the length direction center of the connecting frame rod is c, and c = a-b, and the serial number of the 2 driving plates is CN 1 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 boardThe 2 driving plates adjacent to and outside the driving plate are numbered asN 2 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 boardThe 2 driving plates adjacent to and outside the driving plate are numbered asN 3 board ……N n(plate/2)2 pieces removedN 1 boardThe distance between the other adjacent driving plates is d except the driving plate, c is less than d, and d = b, the driving frame is fixed between the end parts, far away from the cross beam, of the 2 support arms 111 of the support through the outer side surfaces of the 2 driving plates at the two ends of the side link, and an acute angle formed between the plane of the 2 side link and the plane of the 2 support arms is an acute angleβThe traction frame comprises a herringbone frame, traction rods, lugs II and lugs III, the tail ends of 2 legs of the herringbone frame in a herringbone shape, which are far away from the top end of the herringbone frame, are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a connecting frame rod of the driving frame, which is close to the support, the herringbone frame is positioned at one side of the driving frame, which is far away from a cross beam, the top end of the herringbone frame is positioned at one side, which is far away from the support, of the connecting frame rod, the top end of the herringbone frame extends out of 1 traction rod towards the direction of the connecting frame rod, the top end of the herringbone frame extends out of 2 lugs II towards the direction far away from the support, the plate surfaces of the 2 lugs II are perpendicular to the length direction of the connecting frame rod and are symmetrically arranged relative to the length direction center of the connecting frame rod, round holes are arranged on the 2 lugs II, the axes of the 2 round holes are coaxial and parallel to the length direction of the connecting frame rod, and the joints of the 2 tail ends of the herringbone frame rod, which are far away from the top end of the herringbone frame, and the connecting frame rod are respectively provided with 2 lugs III, the plate surfaces of 2 convex lugs III at each joint are all vertical to the length direction of the connecting frame rod, and each jointThe 2 lugs III are symmetrically arranged relative to each connecting position, the extending direction of the lugs III faces to one side far away from the cross beam, the 4 lugs III are provided with round holes, the axes of the 4 round holes are coaxial, and the axes of the round holes are parallel to the length direction of the connecting frame rod; the soil turning mechanism comprises a crankshaft, a rocker arm and a soil turning spade, the crankshaft comprises a crank, a central shaft I, a central shaft II, a driving shaft I and a driving shaft II, round holes with axes perpendicular to the plate surface are arranged at the two ends of the crank in a rectangular flat plate shape, and the number of the crank isn HandleAnd aren Handle=2(n Convex part-1), the two ends of the central shaft I are supported at the two sides of the length direction center of the connecting frame of the driving frame of the machine frame and are numbered asN 1 boardNumber and distance c on 2 pieces of driving plates, numberN 1 handleThe 2 cranks are fixed at the two ends of the central shaft I through round holes at one end and penetrate throughN 1 boardEnd part behind horn plate, 2 piecesN 1 handleThe plate surfaces of the crank are all perpendicular to the axis I of the central shaft and 2 piecesN 1 handleThe obtuse angle formed by the connecting lines of the respective 2 holes of the crank isθ HandleWhen is coming into contact withn BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 8,θ handle=2π/(n Board/2), when 8 <n BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 16,θ handle=2π/(n Board/4), when 16 <n BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 24,θ handle=2π/(n Board6), … …, and so on, the number of drive shafts I beingn Driving deviceAnd aren Driving device=n Convex part-2, numbered asN 1 driveThe end parts of one ends of 2 driving shafts I are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN 1 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank isN 2 handleNo. 2 cranks are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 1 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I, i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central shaft I, 2 piecesN 2 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 1 handleThe cranks are positioned in the same plane, and the number of the central shafts II isn InAnd aren In=n Driving device=n Convex part-2, numbered asN 1 in2 one end part of the central shaft IIAre respectively fixed on 2 piecesN 2 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank, 2 piecesN 1 inThe middle parts of the number center shafts II are respectively supported and positionedN 1 board Drive 2 pieces outside the boardN 2 boardNumber on the number driving plate isN 3 handleThe 2 cranks are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 1 inThe signal central axis II passes throughN 2 boardThe other end behind the driving plate, namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I, is 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 2 handleObtuse angles formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank are respectivelyθ HandleAnd-θ HandleI.e. 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 2 handleThe rotation directions of the horn cranks are opposite, andN 3 handleThe horn is relative to the 1 piece at a short distanceN 1 handleThe horn is located away from another 1N 1 handleOne side of the crank is numbered asN 2 driveThe end parts of one ends of 2 driving shafts I are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN 3 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank isN 4 handleNo. 2 cranks are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 2 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I, i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central shaft I, 2 piecesN 4 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 3 handleThe cranks are positioned in the same plane and numbered asN In 2 (2)One end part of the 2 central shafts II is respectively fixed on the 2 central shaftsN 4 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank, 2 piecesN In 2 (2)The middle parts of the number center shafts II are respectively supported and positionedN 2 board Drive 2 pieces outside the boardN 3 boardNumber on the number driving plate isN 5 handleThe 2 cranks are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN In 2 (2)The signal central axis II passes throughN 3 boardThe other end behind the driving plate, namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I, is 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 4 handleObtuse angles formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank are respectivelyθ HandleAnd-θ HandleI.e. 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 4 handleThe rotation directions of the horn cranks are opposite, andN 5 handleThe horn is relative to the 1 piece at a short distanceN 3 handleThe horn is located at 1 piece far away from the closer distanceN 1 handleOn one side of the crank, … …, and so on, the outermost side being numberedN n(middle/2)The number of the middle part of the 2 central shafts II supported on the outermost side isN n(plate/2)2 pieces of drive plates, the outermost number beingN nHandleThe 2 cranks are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN n(middle/2)The signal central axis II passes throughN n(plate/2)The extending end behind the driving plate, namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I, and the end parts of one ends of 2 driving shafts II are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN nHandleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank, the rocker arm comprises a rocker arm plate and a pin shaft I, round holes with axes vertical to the plate surface are arranged at the two ends of the rocker arm plate in the shape of a rectangular flat plate, 2 rocker arm plates are hinged at the two ends of the pin shaft I through the round hole at one end,n rocking deviceThe rocker arms being respectively hinged to supports provided on the framen Convex partOn the pin shaft I of the lug I andn rocking device=n Convex partThe turning shovel comprises a connecting rod, a shovel head and a shovel handle, a longitudinal round hole is formed in the center of one end of the connecting rod along the length direction of the connecting rod, a lug IV is arranged on the outline of the end of the connecting rod, a transverse round hole is formed in the lug IV, the axis of the round hole is vertically staggered with the axis of the round hole of the connecting rod, a transverse round hole is formed in the end of the other end of the connecting rod, the axis of the round hole is parallel to the axis of the round hole in the lug IV, the number of pieces of the connecting rod is equal to the number of pieces of the connecting rodn RodAnd aren Rod=n Rocking device=n Convex part，n RodOne end of the connecting rod, which is not provided with the longitudinal round hole, is respectively hinged with the transverse round holesn Driving deviceThe other ends of the driving shafts I and 2 driving shafts II provided with longitudinal round holes are respectively hinged on the middle part of the driving shaft I and the driving shaft II through transverse round holes on the lugs IVn Rocking deviceOn the round pin axle I of a rocking arm, the spade head divide into 3 kinds of, 3 kinds of spade heads of symmetry spade head, left inclined spade head and right inclined spade headAll be cambered surface shovel shape, the tail end is equipped with the mounting hole, the cutting part of spade head down, the tail end that is equipped with the mounting hole up, just see towards the concave surface of spade head, the mounting hole of tail end is called symmetrical spade head when coinciding for spade head center, the mounting hole of tail end is called left inclined to one side spade head when turning left skew for spade head center, otherwise is called right inclined to one side spade head, the width of symmetrical spade head is for the spade headh c = (b-70) ± 20, width of left deflection shovel head and right deflection shovel head ish p =[b+(a-b)/2-70]20, the distance from the mounting hole to the center of the tail end ish kp = (a-b)/4, in the shape of a straight barn RodOne end of a spade handle is respectively arranged on 1 left inclined spade head, 1 right inclined spade head andn spade scaleIn the mounting hole of the symmetrical shovel head, andn spade scale=n Convex part-2, the other end of 2 spade handles with left and right offset spade heads at one end is hinged to 2N 1 driveNo. 2 vertical round holes that the connecting rod set up on the drive axle I, and the concave surface of left inclined spade head and right inclined spade head all towards the direction of the propeller strut of the traction frame of frame 1, the spade head part of left inclined spade head and right inclined spade head all towards the length direction center of even frame pole, the symmetry spade head's is equipped with to one endn Spade scaleThe other end of the spade handle is hinged with the spade 2N 1 driveOn the other drive shafts I than the firstn Spade scaleThe connecting rod is arranged in a longitudinal round hole, and the concave surfaces of the symmetrical shovel heads face to the direction of a propeller strut of the traction frame of the frame 1; the driving device comprises a speed reducer, a universal joint and a transmission shaft, wherein the speed reducer with vertically crossed input and output is arranged on 2 pieces of a driving frame of the rack 1N 1 boardBetween the driving plates, the output hole of the speed reducer is connected with the central shaft I of the crankshaft of the ground overturning mechanism, and the input shaft of the speed reducer faces the propeller strut direction of the traction frame of the rack and is connected with the transmission shaft through a universal joint.
Many shovels turn over ground machine, support piece includes landing leg I, round pin axle II and land wheel, I one end of landing leg that is dull and stereotyped shape is equipped with round pin axle II, and I face of II axis of round pin axle perpendicular to landing leg, is equipped with the land wheel on round pin axle II, 2 support piece through landing leg I keep away from the one end tip of round pin axle II install in 2 support arms of the support of frame with the crossbeam junction keep away from I one side of lug, and the land wheel all is located for landing leg I and keeps away from I one side of 1 other landing leg.
Many shovels turn over ground machine, support piece includes landing leg II and stabilizer blade, II one ends of landing leg that are dull and stereotyped shape are fixed with the stabilizer blade that is "J" shape, the II faces of "J" shape straightway perpendicular to landing leg of stabilizer blade, and the terminal orientation towards landing leg II of "J" shape crotch of stabilizer blade, 2 support piece keep away from 2 support arms of one end tip installation in the support of frame 1 through landing leg II and crossbeam junction keep away from support arm one side, and the "J" shape crotch of stabilizer blade is located the one side of keeping away from the crossbeam for landing leg II.
On the basis of the prior art, the support arms of the support of the rack are in a straight rod shape, one ends of 2 support arms are symmetrically fixed at two ends of a horizontally arranged cross beam respectively, the 2 support arms are positioned in the same plane, and the end parts of the support arms far away from the cross beam incline towards the middle part of the cross beam and are arranged towards the upper part of the cross beam; one side of the beam extends along the radial direction of the beamn Convex partThe part is provided with a lug I,n convex partIs a multiple of 6, orn Convex partThe number of the lugs I is multiple of 8, and the lugs I are arranged along the length direction of the cross beam; the distance between 2 lugs I on two sides of the center of the length direction of the cross beam is a, and the number of the 2 lugs I isN 1 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 convexThe 2 lugs I adjacent to and outside the lug I are numbered asN 2 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 convexThe 2 lugs I adjacent to and outside the lug I are numbered asN 3 convex ……N n(convex/2)2 pieces removedN 1 convexThe distance between each other adjacent lug I except the lug I is b, and a is greater than b; each lug I is provided with a pin shaft I with an axis parallel to the cross beam, the axes of the pin shafts I are coaxial, and the included angle between the plane formed by the axes of the pin shafts I and the cross beam and the plane formed by 2 support arms and the cross beam isαAnd (3) = pi/2 +/-pi/6. The landing leg I of the supporting piece is in a flat plate shape, one end of the landing leg I is provided with a pin shaft II, the axis of the pin shaft II is perpendicular to the surface of the landing leg I, a land wheel is arranged on the pin shaft II, and 2 supporting pieces pass throughThe end part of one end of the support leg I, which is far away from the pin shaft II, is arranged on one side, which is far away from the lug I, of the joint of the cross beam and 2 support arms of the support of the frame, and the land wheel is positioned on one side, which is far away from the other 1 support leg I, relative to the support leg I; or support piece's landing leg II is dull and stereotyped shape, II one ends of landing leg are fixed with the stabilizer blade that is "J" shape, II faces of "J" shape straightway perpendicular to landing leg of stabilizer blade, and the terminal orientation towards landing leg II of "J" shape crotch of stabilizer blade, 2 support piece install in 2 support arms and the crossbeam junction of the support of frame keep away from support arm one side through landing leg II one end tip of keeping away from the stabilizer blade, and the "J" shape crotch of stabilizer blade lies in the one side of keeping away from the crossbeam for landing leg II, the frame supports in subaerial through 2 support piece. 2 side link rods of the driving frame are parallel to each other, and a part of the 2 side link rods are fixed betweenn BoardA drive plate, andn board=n Convex partThe middle part of each driving plate is provided with a round hole, and the axes of the round holes are coaxial; the distance between 2 driving plates positioned at two sides of the length direction center of the connecting frame rod is c, and c = a-b, and the serial number of the 2 driving plates isN 1 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 boardThe 2 driving plates adjacent to and outside the driving plate are numbered asN 2 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 boardThe 2 driving plates adjacent to and outside the driving plate are numbered asN 3 board ……N n(plate/2)2 pieces removedN 1 boardThe distances between the other adjacent driving plates are d except the driving plate number, c is less than d, and d = b; the driving frame is fixed between the end parts of the 2 support arms far away from the beam of the bracket through the outer side surfaces of the 2 driving plates at the two ends of the side link, and the acute angle formed between the plane of the 2 side link and the plane of the 2 support arms isβAnd (3) = pi/6 +/-pi/12. The herringbone frame of the traction frame is in a herringbone shape, the tail ends of 2 legs of the herringbone frame, which are far away from the top end of the herringbone frame, are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a side link of the driving frame, which is close to the support, the herringbone frame is positioned at one side of the driving frame, which is far away from the cross beam, the top end of the herringbone frame is positioned at one side, which is far away from the support, relative to the side link of the driving frame, which is close to the support, and the top end of the herringbone frame extends out of 1 traction rod towards the side link of the driving frame, which is far away from the support 11; the top end of the propeller strut extends upwards to form 2 lugs II towards the direction far away from the bracketThe plate surfaces of the 2 lugs II are perpendicular to the length direction of the connecting frame and are symmetrically arranged relative to the length direction center of the connecting frame, round holes are formed in the 2 lugs II, the axes of the 2 round holes are coaxial, and the axes of the round holes are parallel to the length direction of the connecting frame; the propeller strut keeps away from 2 ends on propeller strut top and the junction of linking the roof bar and respectively is equipped with 2 lugs III, the equal perpendicular to of the equal length direction of linking the roof bar of face of 2 lugs III of each junction, 2 lugs III of each junction for each junction symmetrical arrangement, and stretch out the direction towards the one side of keeping away from the crossbeam, all be equipped with the round hole on 4 lugs III, 4 round hole axes are coaxial, and the round hole axis is on a parallel with the length direction of linking the roof bar. The crank of the crank shaft of the floor-turning mechanism is in a rectangular flat plate shape, round holes with axes vertical to the plate surface are arranged at two ends of the crank shaft, and the number of the crank shafts isn HandleAnd aren Handle=2(n Convex part-1); the two ends of the central shaft I are supported at the two sides of the length direction center of the connecting frame of the driving frame positioned on the rack and are numbered asN 1 boardNumber, distance c on 2 pieces of drive plates; is numbered asN 1 handleThe 2 cranks are fixed at the two ends of the central shaft I through round holes at one end and penetrate throughN 1 boardEnd part behind horn plate, 2 piecesN 1 handleThe plate surfaces of the crank are all perpendicular to the axis I of the central shaft and 2 piecesN 1 handleThe obtuse angle formed by the connecting lines of the respective 2 holes of the crank isθ HandleWhen is coming into contact withn BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 8,θ handle=2π/(n Board/2), when 8 <n BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 16,θ handle=2π/(n Board/4), when 16 <n BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 24,θ handle=2π/(n Board/6), … …, and so on; number of drive shafts I isn Driving deviceAnd aren Driving device=n Convex part-2, numbered asN 1 driveThe end parts of one ends of 2 driving shafts I are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN 1 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank isN 2 handleNo. 2 cranks are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 1 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I, i.e. the outer end remote from the central axis IEnd, 2 piecesN 2 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 1 handleThe horn cranks are positioned in the same plane; the number of the central shafts II isn InAnd aren In=n Driving device=n Convex part-2, numbered asN 1 inOne end part of the 2 central shafts II is respectively fixed on the 2 central shaftsN 2 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank, 2 piecesN 1 inThe middle parts of the number center shafts II are respectively supported and positionedN 1 board Drive 2 pieces outside the boardN 2 boardA number driving plate; is numbered asN 3 handleThe 2 cranks are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 1 inThe signal central axis II passes throughN 2 boardThe other end behind the driving plate, namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I, is 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 2 handleObtuse angles formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank are respectivelyθ HandleAnd-θ HandleI.e. 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 2 handleThe rotation directions of the horn cranks are opposite, andN 3 handleThe horn is relative to the 1 piece at a short distanceN 1 handleThe horn is located away from another 1N 1 handleOne side of the horn; is numbered asN 2 driveThe end parts of one ends of 2 driving shafts I are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN 3 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank isN 4 handleNo. 2 cranks are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 2 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I, i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central shaft I, 2 piecesN 4 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 3 handleThe horn cranks are positioned in the same plane; is numbered asN In 2 (2)One end part of the 2 central shafts II is respectively fixed on the 2 central shaftsN 4 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank, 2 piecesN In 2 (2)The middle parts of the number center shafts II are respectively supported and positionedN 2 board Drive 2 pieces outside the boardN 3 boardA number driving plate; is numbered asN 5 handle2 pieces of crank passing through a round hole at one endAre respectively fixed on 2 piecesN In 2 (2)The signal central axis II passes throughN 3 boardThe other end behind the driving plate, namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I, is 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn crank is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 4 handleObtuse angles formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank are respectivelyθ HandleAnd-θ HandleI.e. 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 4 handleThe rotation directions of the horn cranks are opposite, andN 5 handleThe horn is relative to the 1 piece at a short distanceN 3 handleThe horn is located at 1 piece far away from the closer distanceN 1 handleOne side of crank, … …, and so on; the outermost number isN n(middle/2)The number of the middle part of the 2 central shafts II supported on the outermost side isN n(plate/2)2 pieces of drive plates, the outermost number beingN nHandleThe 2 cranks are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN n(middle/2)The signal central axis II passes throughN n(plate/2)The extending end behind the driving plate, namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I, and the end parts of one ends of 2 driving shafts II are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN nHandleThe round hole at the other end of the crank is provided with a hole. The rocker arm plate of the rocker arm is in a rectangular flat plate shape, round holes with axes vertical to the plate surface are arranged at the two ends of the rocker arm plate, 2 rocker arm plates are hinged at the two ends of the pin shaft I through the round holes at one end,n rocking deviceThe rocker arms being respectively hinged to supports provided on the framen Convex partOn the pin shaft I of the lug I andn rocking device=n Convex part. A longitudinal round hole is formed in the center of one end of a connecting rod of the soil turning spade along the length direction of the connecting rod, a lug IV is arranged on the outline of the end of the connecting rod, a transverse round hole is formed in the lug IV, the axis of the round hole is vertically staggered with the axis of the round hole of the connecting rod, a transverse round hole is formed in the end of the other end of the connecting rod, and the axis of the round hole is parallel to the axis of the round hole in the lug IV; the number of connecting rods isn RodAnd aren Rod=n Rocking device=n Convex part，n RodOne end of the connecting rod, which is not provided with the longitudinal round hole, is respectively hinged with the transverse round holesn Driving deviceThe other ends of the driving shafts I and 2 driving shafts II provided with longitudinal round holes are respectively hinged on the middle part of the driving shaft I and the driving shaft II through transverse round holes on the lugs IVn Rocking deviceA pin shaft I of the rocker arm; the 3 shovel heads of the symmetrical shovel head, the left inclined shovel head and the right inclined shovel head are all in a cambered shovel shape, mounting holes are formed in the tail ends of the shovel heads, the blade parts of the shovel heads face downwards, the tail ends of the shovel heads are provided with the mounting holes and face upwards, the mounting holes in the tail ends are right opposite to the concave surface of the shovel head, the symmetrical shovel heads are called when the centers of the shovel heads coincide, the left inclined shovel heads are called when the mounting holes in the tail ends are left inclined relative to the center of the shovel head, and the right inclined shovel heads are called otherwise; the width of the symmetrical shovel head ish c = (b-70) ± 20, width of left deflection shovel head and right deflection shovel head ish p =[b+(a-b)/2-70]20, the distance from the mounting hole to the center of the tail end ish kp = (a-b)/4; in the shape of a straight barn RodOne end of a spade handle is respectively arranged on 1 left inclined spade head, 1 right inclined spade head andn spade scaleIn the mounting hole of the symmetrical shovel head, andn spade scale=n Convex part-2; the other end of 2 spade handles with one end provided with a left inclined spade head and a right inclined spade head is arranged and hinged on 2 spade handlesN 1 driveThe driving shaft I is provided with 2 connecting rods, the longitudinal round holes are formed in the connecting rods, the concave surfaces of the left inclined shovel head and the right inclined shovel head face to the direction of a propeller strut of a traction frame of the frame, and the inclined directions of the shovel head parts of the left inclined shovel head and the right inclined shovel head face to the center of the length direction of the connecting frame; with symmetrical spade heads mounted at one endn Spade scaleThe other end of the spade handle is hinged with the spade 2N 1 driveOn the other drive shafts I than the firstn Spade scaleThe connecting rod is arranged in a longitudinal round hole, and the concave surfaces of the symmetrical shovel heads face to the direction of the propeller strut of the traction frame of the machine frame. The input and output of the reducer of the driving device are vertically crossed, and the reducer is arranged on 2 pieces of a driving frame of the frameN 1 boardBetween the driving plates, the output hole of the speed reducer is connected with the central shaft I of the crankshaft of the ground overturning mechanism, and the input shaft of the speed reducer faces the propeller strut direction of the traction frame of the rack and is connected with the transmission shaft through a universal joint.
The working principle is as follows: the multi-shovel digger is hung on a rear suspension frame of the tractor through three points of a lug II arranged at the top end of the propeller strut and a lug III arranged at the tail end of the propeller strut, and a transmission shaft of a driving device of the multi-shovel digger is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor. The tractor is started, the lifting of the multi-shovel land turnover machine can be completed by stirring the hydraulic handle, and the rotation or stop of the transmission shaft of the driving device can be controlled by stirring the power output handle.
When the multi-shovel type soil turning machine is used for turning the soil, the tractor is hung on the multi-shovel type soil turning machine to move to the head of the field and is aligned with the operation direction, the power output handle is pulled to enable the transmission shaft to rotate, and the crankshaft of the soil turning mechanism is driven to rotate through the universal joint and the speed reducer. Because the crank of the crankshaft of the soil turning mechanism, the connecting rod of the soil turning shovel, the rocker arm and the frame of the multi-shovel soil turning machine form a crank rocker mechanism, one end of the connecting rod of the soil turning shovel makes rotary motion under the drive of the crankshaft, and the other end makes reciprocating swing under the drive of the arm; the 3 shovel heads of the symmetrical shovel head, the left inclined shovel head and the right inclined shovel head of the soil turning shovel are correspondingly arranged on each connecting rod through the shovel handle, so that each soil turning shovel does complex swinging with one end rotating and one end swinging under the driving of the crank shaft.
After the crank rocker mechanism operates normally, the tractor starts and starts to operate. Meanwhile, the hydraulic handle is shifted to enable the multi-shovel land turner to descend to the ground wheel or the support leg to be in contact with the ground, and then the handle is shifted to a floating position, so that the multi-shovel land turner is in a floating state supported by the ground wheel or the support leg to perform land turning operation.
The left side of the tractor in the running direction is right against the multi-shovel ground turning machine, and the crankshaft rotates clockwise. When the hinge point of the soil turning shovel and the driving shaft I or the driving shaft II rotates to the position farthest away from the traction frame, the connecting rod and the shovel handle of the soil turning shovel are approximately in a vertical state with the ground, and at the moment, the shovel head is downwards cut into the soil under the action of the connecting rod and the shovel handle by the crankshaft; when gradually approaching the maximum plowing depth, one end of a connecting rod of the plowing shovel is driven by the driving shaft I or the driving shaft II, and the other end of the connecting rod is matched with the rocker arm to drive the shovel head to throw soil to the rear upper part of the tractor in the running direction. Therefore, when the soil is loosened, the original hierarchical structure of the soil is disturbed, the soil in the whole plowing depth is not turned over integrally, and the soil fertility is balanced, so that the soil loosening device is beneficial to the growth and development of crops.
After the soil is thrown and mixed, the soil turning spade runs obliquely upwards in the running direction of the tractor under the matching action of the crankshaft drive and the rocker arm, and when the hinge point of the soil turning spade and the driving shaft I or the driving shaft II gradually rotates to the position which is farthest away from the traction frame again, the soil cutting and soil throwing operation is carried out again.
When the operation is carried out to the ground, the hydraulic handle is toggled to lift the multi-shovel ground turning machine, and the power transmission is cut off. After the operation direction is adjusted, the power output is switched on again, the multi-shovel land turnover machine is descended, and the land turnover operation is continued.
Compared with the current situation in the prior art, the invention adopts the crank rocker mechanism, so that the soil turning shovel does complex swing under the matching action of the driving of the crankshaft and the rocker arm, drives the shovel head which is cut into the soil to throw the soil to the rear upper part, thereby preventing the soil in the whole soil turning depth from being turned over integrally while loosening the soil, not only disturbing the original hierarchical structure of the soil, but also balancing the soil fertility, and being beneficial to the growth and development of crops; because the distance that the soil is thrown backwards and upwards by the soil turning spade is smaller and the soil is not integrally turned, a business ridge and a business ditch can not be formed; because the multi-spade land-turning machine is driven by the tractor to carry out multi-spade operation, a large amount of labor is replaced, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention in another orientation;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the holster according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the embodiment of the frame of FIG. 1 of the present invention in another orientation;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the stent of the embodiment of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the drive carriage of the embodiment of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the traction frame of the embodiment of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the floor-turning mechanism of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the alternative orientation of the turn-up mechanism of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an isometric view of the crankshaft of the embodiment of FIG. 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the rocker arm of the embodiment of FIG. 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an isometric view of the symmetric spade of FIG. 8 according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an isometric view of the left yaw shovel of the embodiment of FIG. 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is an isometric view of the right tilt shovel of the embodiment of FIG. 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an isometric view of the drive assembly of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is an isometric view of another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 17 is an isometric view of the support member of the embodiment of FIG. 5 of the present invention;
figure 18 is an isometric view of the support member of figure 16 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
1. The shovel comprises a frame 11, a bracket 111, an arm 112, a cross beam 113, a lug I114, a pin I115, a support 1151, a leg I1152, a pin II 1153, a land wheel 1154, a leg II 1155, a leg 12, a driving frame 121, a connecting rod 122, a driving plate 13, a traction frame 131, a herringbone frame 132, a traction rod 133, a lug II 134, a lug III 2, a ground overturning mechanism 21, a crankshaft 211, a crank 212, a central shaft I213, a central shaft II 214, a driving shaft I215, a driving shaft II 22, a rocker arm 221, a rocker arm plate 23, a ground overturning shovel 231, a connecting rod 232, a shovel handle 233, a lug IV 234, a symmetrical shovel head 235, a left inclined shovel head 236, a right inclined shovel head 3, a driving device 31, a speed reducer 32, a universal joint 33 and a transmission shaft.
In the embodiments shown in fig. 1-15 and 17: the arm 111 of the support 11 of the frame 1 is in the shape of a straight bar, and one end of the 2-piece arm 111The two support arms 111 are respectively and symmetrically fixed at two ends of a horizontal beam 112, the 2 support arms 111 are positioned in the same plane, and the end part of each support arm 111 far away from the beam 112 inclines towards the middle part of the beam 112 and is arranged towards the upper part of the beam 112; one side of the cross beam 112 extends with 8 pieces of lugs I113 along the radial direction of the cross beam 112, and the lugs I113 are arranged along the length direction of the cross beam 112; the distance between the 2 lugs I113 on both sides of the longitudinal center of the beam 112 is a, and the number of the 2 lugs I113 isN 1 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 convexThe adjacent, outer 2-piece lug I113 of lug I113 is numberedN 2 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 convexThe adjacent, outer 2-piece lug I113 of lug I113 is numberedN 3 convex ……N 4 convex2 pieces removedN 1 convexThe distance between each other adjacent lug I113 except the lug I113 is b, and a is greater than b; each lug I113 is provided with a pin shaft I114 with the axis parallel to the cross beam 112, the axes of the pin shafts I114 are coaxial, and the included angle between the plane formed by the axes of the pin shafts I114 and the cross beam 112 and the plane formed by the 2 support arms 111 and the cross beam 112 isα= pi/2 ± pi/6; the supporting leg I1151 of the supporting member 115 is in a flat plate shape, one end of the supporting leg I1151 is provided with a pin shaft II 1152, the axis of the pin shaft II 1152 is perpendicular to the plate surface of the supporting leg I1151, a land wheel 1153 is arranged on the pin shaft II 1152, 2 supporting members 115 are arranged on one side, away from a lug I113, of the joint of 2 supporting arms 111 and a cross beam 112 of a support 11 of the rack 1 through the end part, away from the pin shaft II 1152, of the supporting leg I1151, the land wheel 1153 is located on one side, away from the other 1 supporting leg I1151, relative to the supporting leg I1151, and the rack 1 is supported on the ground through the 2 supporting members 115. 2 side link rods 121 of the driving frame 12 are parallel to each other, 8 driving plates 122 are fixed between the 2 side link rods 121, circular holes are formed in the middle of each driving plate 122, and the axes of the circular holes are coaxial; the distance between the 2 driving plates 122 located at both sides of the longitudinal center of the side link 121 is c, and c = a-b, and the number of the 2 driving plates 122 is numberedN 1 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 boardThe 2 drive plates 122 adjacent to and outside the drive plate 122 are numberedN 2 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 boardThe 2 drive plates 122 adjacent to and outside the drive plate 122 are numberedN 3 board ……N 4 board2 pieces removedN 1 boardExcept for the driving plate 122, the distances between the other adjacent driving plates 122 are d, c is less than d, and d = b; the driving frame 12 is fixed between the ends of the 2 support arms 111 far away from the cross beam 112 of the bracket 11 through the outer side surfaces of the 2 driving plates 122 at the two ends of the side link 121, and the acute angle formed between the plane of the 2 side link 121 and the plane of the 2 support arms 111 is an acute angleβAnd (3) = pi/6 +/-pi/12. The herringbone 131 of the traction frame 13 is in a herringbone shape, the tail ends of 2 legs of the herringbone 131 far away from the top end of the herringbone are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the side link 121 of the driving frame 12 close to the bracket 11, the herringbone 131 is positioned at one side of the driving frame 12 far away from the cross beam 112, the top end of the herringbone 131 is positioned at one side far away from the bracket 11 relative to the side link 121 of the driving frame 12 close to the bracket 11, and the top end of the herringbone 131 extends out of 1 traction rod 132 towards the side of the driving frame 12 far away from the side link 121 of the bracket 11; the top end of the propeller strut 131 extends upwards to form 2 lugs II 133 towards the direction far away from the bracket 11, the plate surfaces of the 2 lugs II 133 are perpendicular to the length direction of the side link 121 and are arranged symmetrically relative to the center of the length direction of the side link 121, the 2 lugs II 133 are provided with round holes, and the axes of the 2 round holes are coaxial and parallel to the length direction of the side link 121; the connection parts of 2 tail ends of the herringbone frame 131 far away from the top end of the herringbone frame 131 and the side link 121 are respectively provided with 2 lugs III 134, the plate surfaces of the 2 lugs III 134 at each connection part are perpendicular to the length direction of the side link 121, the 2 lugs III 134 at each connection part are symmetrically arranged relative to each connection part and extend towards one side far away from the cross beam 112, 4 lugs III 134 are respectively provided with a round hole, the axes of the 4 round holes are coaxial, and the axes of the round holes are parallel to the length direction of the side link 121. The crank 211 of the crank shaft 21 of the plowing mechanism 2 is in a rectangular flat plate shape, round holes with axes vertical to the plate surface are arranged at two ends of the crank 211, and the number of the cranks 211 is 14; the two ends of the central shaft I212 are supported at the two sides of the length direction center of the side link 121 of the driving frame 12 of the frame 1 and are numbered asN 1 board2 pieces of drive plates 122 of size c; is numbered asN 1 handleThe 2-piece crank 211 is fixed at the two ends of the central shaft I212 through a round hole at one end and penetrates throughN 1 boardDrive the end behind plate 122, 2 piecesN 1 handleThe plate surfaces of the crank 211 are all perpendicular to the axis of the central shaft I212 and are 2 piecesN 1 handleThe obtuse angle formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank 211 is pi/2; the number of the drive shafts I214 is 6, and the number isN 1 driveThe end parts of one end parts of the 2 driving shafts I214 are respectively fixed on the 2 driving shafts IN 1 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank 211 isN 2 handleNo. 2 cranks 211 are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through round holes at one endN 1 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I214, i.e. the end remote from the central axis I212, is 2 piecesN 2 handleThe horn 211 is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 1 handleThe horn 211 lies in the same plane; the number of the center shafts II 213 is 6 and numberedN 1 inOne end parts of the 2-piece central shaft II 213 are respectively fixed on the 2 piecesN 2 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank 211, 2 piecesN 1 inThe middle parts of the number center shafts II 213 are respectively supported and positionedN 1 boardNumber 2 pieces outside drive plate 122N 2 boardNumber drive plate 122; is numbered asN 3 handleThe 2 cranks 211 are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 1 inThe number center shaft II 213 penetrates throughN 2 boardThe other end behind the drive plate 122, i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central axis I212, is 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn 211 is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 2 handleThe obtuse angles formed by the connecting lines of the respective 2 holes of the crank 211 are pi/2 and-pi/2 respectively, namely 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn 211 is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 2 handleThe crank 211 has an opposite rotation directionN 3 handleCrank handle 211 is relative to 1 piece at a short distanceN 1 handleThe horn 211 is located away from the other 1N 1 handleOne side of crank 211; is numbered asN 2 driveThe end parts of one end parts of the 2 driving shafts I214 are respectively fixed on the 2 driving shafts IN 3 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank 211 isN 4 handleNo. 2 cranks 211 are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through round holes at one endN 2 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I214, i.e. the end remote from the central axis I212, is 2 piecesN 4 handleThe horn 211 is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 3 handleThe horn 211 lies in the same plane; is numbered asN In 2 (2)One end parts of the 2-piece central shaft II 213 are respectively fixed on the 2 piecesN 4 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank 211, 2 piecesN In 2 (2)The middle parts of the number center shafts II 213 are respectively supported and positionedN 2 boardNumber 2 pieces outside drive plate 122N 3 boardNumber drive plate 122; is numbered asN 5 handleThe 2 cranks 211 are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN In 2 (2)The number center shaft II 213 penetrates throughN 3 boardThe other end behind the drive plate 122, i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central axis I212, is 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn 211 is respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 4 handleThe obtuse angles formed by the connecting lines of the respective 2 holes of the crank 211 are pi/2 and-pi/2 respectively, namely 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn 211 is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 4 handleThe crank 211 has an opposite rotation directionN 5 handleCrank handle 211 is relative to 1 piece at a short distanceN 3 handleNumber crank 211 is located 1 piece closer away fromN 1 handleOne side of crank 211, … …, and so on; the outermost number isN 3 inNumber of 2 central shafts II 213 supported at the outermost side at the middleN 4 board2 pieces of drive plates 122, the outermost number beingN 7 handleThe 2 cranks 211 are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 3 inThe number center shaft II 213 penetrates throughN 4 boardThe rear extending end of the driving plate 122, i.e. the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I212, and the end parts of the 2 driving shafts II 215 are respectively fixed on the 2 driving shaftsN 7 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank 211. The rocker plate 221 of the rocker 22 is a rectangular flat plate, round holes with axes perpendicular to the plate surface are arranged at two ends of the rocker plate 221, 2 rocker plates 221 are hinged at two ends of a pin shaft I114 through the round holes at one end, and 8 rocker 22 are hinged on the pin shaft I114 on 8 lugs I113 of a support 11 of the rack 1 respectively. The center of one end of the connecting rod 231 of the turning spade 23 is provided with a longitudinal round hole along the length direction of the connecting rod 231, the outline of the end is provided with a lug IV 233,a transverse round hole is formed in the lug IV 233, the axis of the round hole is vertically staggered with the axis of the round hole of the connecting rod 231, a transverse round hole is formed in the end part of the other end of the connecting rod 231, and the axis of the round hole is parallel to the axis of the round hole in the lug IV 233; one end of the 8 connecting rods 231, which is not provided with the longitudinal round hole, is respectively hinged to the middle part of the 6 driving shafts I214 and the 2 driving shafts II 215 through the transverse round holes, and the other end of the 8 connecting rods, which is provided with the longitudinal round hole, is respectively hinged to the pin shaft I114 of the 8 rocker arms 22 through the transverse round holes in the lugs IV 233; the 3 shovel heads of the symmetrical shovel head 234, the left inclined shovel head 235 and the right inclined shovel head 236 are all in the shape of a cambered shovel, the tail ends of the shovel heads are provided with mounting holes, the blade parts of the shovel heads face downwards, the tail ends of the mounting holes face upwards and face the concave surface of the shovel head, when the mounting holes at the tail ends coincide relative to the center of the shovel head, the shovel head is called a symmetrical shovel head 234, when the mounting holes at the tail ends deviate leftwards relative to the center of the shovel head, the shovel head is called a left inclined shovel head 235, otherwise, the shovel head is called a right inclined shovel head 236; the width of the symmetrical shovel head 234 ish c = (b-70) ± 20, width of left deflection shovel head 235 and right deflection shovel head 236 ish p =[b+(a-b)/2-70]20, the distance from the mounting hole to the center of the tail end ish kp = (a-b)/4; one end of 8 shovel handles 232 in a straight rod shape is respectively arranged in the mounting holes of 1 left inclined shovel head 235, 1 right inclined shovel head 236 and 6 symmetrical shovel heads 234; the other end of the 2-piece shovel handle 232 with one end provided with the left-biased shovel head 235 and the right-biased shovel head 236 is mounted and hinged on the 2-piece shovelN 1 driveThe 2 connecting rods 231 on the driving shaft I214 are arranged in a longitudinal round hole, the concave surfaces of the left inclined shovel head 235 and the right inclined shovel head 236 face the direction of the propeller strut 131 of the traction frame 13 of the frame 1, and the directions of the partial inclined shovel heads of the left inclined shovel head 235 and the right inclined shovel head 236 face the length direction center of the connecting rod 121; the other end of the 6-piece shovel handle 232 with one end provided with the symmetrical shovel head 234 is arranged and hinged on the 2-piece shovelN 1 driveThe 6-piece link 231 of each drive shaft I214 except the drive shaft I214 is disposed in a longitudinal circular hole and the concave surface of each symmetrical shovel head 234 faces the A-bracket 131 of the traction frame 13 of the frame 1. The input and output of the reducer 31 of the driving device 3 are vertically crossed, and the reducer 31 is installed on 2 pieces of the driving frame 12 of the frame 1N 1 boardBetween the drive plates 122, the output hole of the reducer 31 andthe central shaft I212 of the crankshaft 21 of the mechanism 2 is connected, and the input shaft of the speed reducer 31 faces the propeller strut 131 of the traction frame 13 of the frame 1 and is connected with the transmission shaft 33 through the universal joint 32.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 16 and 18: the support member 115 has a flat plate shape with a leg II 1154, a leg 1155 having a J shape is fixed to one end of the leg II 1154, the straight line segment of the J shape of the leg 1155 is perpendicular to the plate surface of the leg II 1154, and the end of the J shape hook of the leg 1155 faces the direction of the leg II 1154, the 2 pieces of support member 115 are mounted on the side of the 2 pieces of arm 111 of the support 11 of the rack 1, which is far away from the arm 111, connected with the cross beam 112 through the end of the leg II 1154 far away from the leg 1155, and the J shape hook of the leg 1155 is located on the side far away from the cross beam 112 relative to the leg II 1154, and the rack 1 is supported on the ground through the 2 pieces of support member 115.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a many shovels turn over ground machine, includes frame (1), turns over ground mechanism (2) and drive arrangement (3), its characterized in that: frame (1) includes support (11), drive frame (12) and traction frame (13), wherein support (11) are including support arm (111), crossbeam (112), lug I (113), round pin axle I (114) and support piece (115), the one end of 2 support arms (111) that are the straight bar shape is the symmetry respectively and fixes crossbeam (112) both ends that the level was arranged, 2 support arms (111) are located the coplanar, the tip that crossbeam (112) were kept away from in support arm (111) inclines towards crossbeam (112) middle part, and arrange towards the top of crossbeam (112), crossbeam (112) one side radially stretches out along crossbeam (112) hasn Convex partA part lug I (113), andn convex partIs a multiple of 6 or 8, each lug I (113) is arranged along the length direction of the cross beam (112), the distance between 2 lugs I (113) at two sides of the length direction center of the cross beam (112) is a, and the number of the 2 lugs I (113) is shown as aN 1 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 convexThe 2 adjacent, outer lugs I (113) of lug I (113) are numberedN 2 convexAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 convexThe 2 adjacent, outer lugs I (113) of lug I (113) are numberedN 3 convex……N n(convex/2)2 pieces removedN 1 convexExcept for the first lug (113), the rest areThe distance between the adjacent lugs I (113) is b, a is larger than b, each lug I (113) is provided with a pin shaft I (114) with the axis parallel to the cross beam (112), the axes of the pin shafts I (114) are coaxial, and the included angle between the plane formed by the axes of the pin shafts I (114) and the cross beam (112) and the plane formed by the 2 support arms (111) and the cross beam (112) isα= pi/2 ± pi/6, 1 support member (115) is respectively arranged on 2 support arms (111), the frame (1) is supported on the ground through 2 support members (115), the driving frame (12) comprises a side link (121) and a driving plate (122), and 2 side link (121) which are parallel to each other are fixed with each othern BoardA drive plate (122) andn board=n Convex partThe middle part of each driving plate (122) is provided with a round hole, the axes of the round holes are coaxial, the distance between 2 driving plates (122) positioned at two sides of the center of the side link (121) in the length direction is c, and c = a-b, the number of the 2 driving plates (122) is CN 1 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 1 boardThe 2 pieces of drive plates (122) adjacent to the drive plate (122) and on the outer side are numbered asN 2 boardAnd 2 pieces ofN 2 boardThe 2 pieces of drive plates (122) adjacent to the drive plate (122) and on the outer side are numbered asN 3 board……N n(plate/2)2 pieces removedN 1 boardExcept the number driving plate (122), the distances between the other adjacent driving plates (122) are d, c is less than d, and d = b, the driving frame (12) is fixed between the ends of the 2 support arms (111) of the bracket (11) far away from the cross beam (112) through the outer side surfaces of the 2 driving plates (122) at the two ends of the side link (121), and an acute angle formed between the plane of the 2 side link (121) and the plane of the 2 support arms (111) is an acute angleβThe traction frame (13) comprises a herringbone frame (131), traction rods (132), lugs II (133) and lugs III (134), the tail ends of 2 legs of the herringbone frame (131) in the shape of the Chinese character 'ren' far away from the top end of the Chinese character 'ren' are symmetrically arranged at two ends of a side link (121) of the driving frame (12) close to the bracket (11), the herringbone frame (131) is positioned at one side, far away from the cross beam (112), of the driving frame (12), the top end of the herringbone frame (131) is positioned at one side, far away from the bracket (11), of the side link (121) of the driving frame (12) close to the bracket (11), the top end of the herringbone frame (131) extends out of 1 traction rod (132) in the direction of the side link (121) of the driving frame (12) far away from the bracket (11), and the top end of the herringbone frame (131) is far away from the bracket (11)(11) The direction of the connecting rod upwards extends out 2 lugs II (133), the plate surfaces of the 2 lugs II (133) are all vertical to the length direction of the side link (121) and are arranged symmetrically relative to the length direction center of the side link (121), round holes are arranged on the 2 lugs II (133), the axes of the 2 round holes are coaxial, the axes of the round holes are parallel to the length direction of the side link (121), the joints of 2 tail ends of the herringbone frame (131) far away from the top end of the herringbone frame (131) and the side link (121) are respectively provided with 2 lugs III (134), the plate surfaces of the 2 lugs III (134) at each joint are all vertical to the length direction of the side link (121), and the 2 lugs III (134) at each joint are symmetrically arranged relative to each joint, the extending direction of the lug bosses faces to one side far away from the cross beam (112), 4 lugs III (134) are provided with round holes, and the axes of the 4 round holes are coaxial and are parallel to the length direction of the side link (121); the ground-turning mechanism (2) comprises a crankshaft (21), a rocker (22) and a ground-turning shovel (23), the crankshaft (21) comprises a crank (211), a central shaft I (212), a central shaft II (213), a driving shaft I (214) and a driving shaft II (215), round holes with axes perpendicular to the board surface are arranged at two ends of the crank (211) in the shape of a rectangular flat board, and the number of the crank (211) isn HandleAnd aren Handle=2(n Convex part-1), the two ends of the central shaft I (212) are supported at the two sides of the length direction center of a side link (121) of a driving frame (12) of the frame (1) and are numbered asN 1 boardOn 2 pieces of driving plates (122) with the number and the distance of c, the number isN 1 handleThe 2 cranks (211) are fixed at the two ends of a central shaft I (212) through a round hole at one end and penetrate throughN 1 boardDrive the end behind the board (122), 2 piecesN 1 handleThe plate surfaces of the crank (211) are all vertical to the axis of the central shaft I (212) and are 2 piecesN 1 handleThe obtuse angle formed by the connecting lines of the 2 holes of each crank (211) isθ HandleWhen is coming into contact withn BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 8,θ handle=2π/(n Board/2), when 8 <n BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 16,θ handle=2π/(n Board/4), when 16 <n BoardWhen the content is less than or equal to 24,θ handle=2π/(n Board/6), … …, and so on, the number of drive shafts I (214) beingn Driving deviceAnd aren Driving device=n Convex part-2, numbered asN 1 driveThe end parts of one end parts of 2 driving shafts I (214) are respectively fixed on 2 piecesN 1 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank (211) isN 2 handleNo. 2 cranks (211) are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through round holes at one endN 1 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I (214), i.e. the end remote from the central axis I (212), 2 piecesN 2 handleThe horn cranks (211) are respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 1 handleThe cranks (211) are positioned in the same plane, and the number of the central shafts II (213) isn InAnd aren In=n Driving device=n Convex part-2, numbered asN 1 inOne end parts of the 2 central shafts II (213) are respectively fixed on the 2 piecesN 2 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank (211), 2 piecesN 1 inThe middle parts of the number center shafts II (213) are respectively supported and positionedN 1 boardNumber 2 pieces outside the drive plate (122)N 2 boardNumber on the number driving plate (122) isN 3 handleThe 2 cranks (211) are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN 1 inThe signal center shaft II (213) passes throughN 2 boardThe other end behind the drive plate (122), i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central axis I (212), 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn cranks (211) are respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 2 handleObtuse angles formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank (211) are respectivelyθ HandleAnd-θ HandleI.e. 2 piecesN 3 handleThe horn (211) is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 2 handleThe rotation direction of the crank (211) is opposite, andN 3 handleThe horn (211) is relative to the 1 piece with a short distanceN 1 handleThe horn crank (211) is located away from the other 1N 1 handleOne side of the crank (211) is numbered asN 2 driveThe end parts of one end parts of 2 driving shafts I (214) are respectively fixed on 2 piecesN 3 handleThe number in the round hole at the other end of the crank (211) isN 4 handleNo. 2 cranks (211) are respectively fixed on 2 cranks through round holes at one endN 2 driveThe other end of the drive shaft I (214), i.e. the end remote from the central axis I (212), 2 piecesN 4 handleThe horn cranks (211) are respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 3 handleThe number cranks (211) are positioned in the same plane and are numbered asN In 2 (2)One end parts of the 2 central shafts II (213) are respectively fixed on the 2 piecesN 4 handleIn the round hole at the other end of the crank (211), 2 piecesN In 2 (2)The middle parts of the number center shafts II (213) are respectively supported and positionedN 2 boardNumber 2 pieces outside the drive plate (122)N 3 boardNumber on the number driving plate (122) isN 5 handleThe 2 cranks (211) are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN In 2 (2)The signal center shaft II (213) passes throughN 3 boardThe other end behind the drive plate (122), i.e. the end of the outer end remote from the central axis I (212), 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn cranks (211) are respectively adjacent to 1 pieceN 4 handleObtuse angles formed by connecting lines of 2 holes of the crank (211) are respectivelyθ HandleAnd-θ HandleI.e. 2 piecesN 5 handleThe horn (211) is relative to the adjacent 1 pieceN 4 handleThe rotation direction of the crank (211) is opposite, andN 5 handleThe horn (211) is relative to the 1 piece with a short distanceN 3 handleThe horn crank (211) is located at 1 piece which is far away from the closer distanceN 1 handleOne side of the crank (211), … …, and so on, the outermost number beingN n(middle/2)Number of 2 central shafts II (213) supported at the outermost side at the middle partN n(plate/2)2 pieces of drive plates (122), the outermost number beingN nHandleThe 2 cranks (211) are respectively fixed on the 2 cranks through a round hole at one endN n(middle/2)The signal center shaft II (213) passes throughN n(plate/2)The rear extending end of the driving plate (122), namely the end part of the outer end far away from the central shaft I (212), and the end parts of 2 driving shafts II (215) are respectively fixed on 2 driving shaftsN nHandleIn a round hole at the other end of the crank (211), the rocker arm (22) comprises a rocker arm plate (221) and a pin shaft I (114), round holes with axes vertical to the plate surface are arranged at two ends of the rocker arm plate (221) in the shape of a rectangular flat plate, 2 rocker arm plates (221) are hinged at two ends of the pin shaft I (114) through the round holes at one end,n rocking deviceRocking arm(22) Respectively hinged to supports (11) provided on the frame (1)n Convex partOn a pin I (114) on a part lug I (113), andn rocking device=n Convex partThe turning shovel (23) comprises a connecting rod (231), a shovel head and a shovel handle (232), a longitudinal round hole is formed in the center of one end of the connecting rod (231) along the length direction of the connecting rod (231), a lug IV (233) is arranged on the outline of the end of the connecting rod, a transverse round hole is formed in the lug IV (233), the axis of the round hole is vertically staggered with the axis of the round hole of the connecting rod (231), a transverse round hole is formed in the end of the other end of the connecting rod (231), the axis of the round hole is parallel to the axis of the round hole in the lug IV (233), and the number of pieces of the connecting rod (231) is equal to that of the round holen RodAnd aren Rod=n Rocking device=n Convex part，n RodOne end of the connecting rod (231) which is not provided with the longitudinal round hole is respectively hinged with the transverse round holesn Driving deviceThe middle part of the driving shaft I (214) and the other end of the driving shaft II (215) provided with the longitudinal round hole are respectively hinged with the transverse round hole on the lug IV (233)n Rocking deviceOn round pin axle I (114) of a rocking arm (22), the spade head divide into symmetry spade head (234), 3 kinds of left side spade head (235) and right side spade head (236) partially, 3 kinds of spade heads all are the cambered surface shovel shape, the tail end is equipped with the mounting hole, the cutting part of spade head down, the tail end that is equipped with the mounting hole up, and just see towards the concave surface of spade head, be called symmetry spade head (234) when the mounting hole of tail end coincides for spade head center, be called left side spade head (235) when the mounting hole of tail end is left skew for spade head center, otherwise be called right side spade head (236), the width of symmetry spade head (234) is right side spade head (236)h c = (b-70) ± 20, width of left deflection shovel head (235) and right deflection shovel head (236) ish p =[b+(a-b)/2-70]20, the distance from the mounting hole to the center of the tail end ish kp = (a-b)/4, in the shape of a straight barn RodOne end of a spade handle (232) is respectively arranged on 1 left inclined spade head (235), 1 right inclined spade head (236) andn spade scaleIn the mounting hole of the symmetrical shovel head (234), andn spade scale=n Convex part-2, the other end of the 2-piece shovel shaft (232) with one end provided with a left-biased shovel head (235) and a right-biased shovel head (236) is mounted hinged to the 2-piece shovel shaftN 1 drive2 connecting rods (231) on the driving shaft I (214) are arrangedThe concave surfaces of the left inclined shovel head (235) and the right inclined shovel head (236) face to the direction of a propeller strut (131) of a traction frame (13) of the frame (1), the inclined directions of the shovel head parts of the left inclined shovel head (235) and the right inclined shovel head (236) face to the center of the length direction of the connecting rod (121), and one end of the left inclined shovel head (235) and one end of the right inclined shovel head (236) are provided with symmetrical shovel heads (234)n Spade scaleThe other end of the shovel handle (232) is hinged with the shovel 2N 1 driveOn the other drive shafts I (214) than the number drive shaft I (214)n Spade scaleThe piece connecting rod (231) is arranged in a longitudinal round hole, and the concave surfaces of the symmetrical shovel heads (234) face to the direction of a propeller strut (131) of a traction frame (13) of the frame (1); the driving device (3) comprises a speed reducer (31), a universal joint (32) and a transmission shaft (33), wherein the speed reducer (31) with vertically crossed input and output is arranged on 2 pieces of a driving frame (12) of the rack (1)N 1 boardBetween the driving plates (122), an output hole of the speed reducer (31) is connected with a central shaft I (212) of a crankshaft (21) of the ground overturning mechanism (2), and an input shaft of the speed reducer (31) faces to a propeller strut (131) of a traction frame (13) of the frame (1) and is connected with a transmission shaft (33) through a universal joint (32).
2. The multi-shovel machine of claim 1, wherein: support piece (115) includes landing leg I (1151), round pin axle II (1152) and land wheel (1153), landing leg I (1151) one end that is the flat plate shape is equipped with round pin axle II (1152), and round pin axle II (1152) axis perpendicular to landing leg I (1151) face, land wheel (1153) are equipped with on round pin axle II (1152), 2 support piece (115) keep away from the one end tip of round pin axle II (1152) through landing leg I (1151) and install in the lug I (113) one side of keeping away from of the lug of the support (11) of frame (1) and crossbeam (112) junction, and land wheel (1153) all are located for landing leg I (1151) and keep away from in other 1 landing leg I (1151) one side.
3. The multi-shovel machine of claim 1, wherein: the support member (115) comprises a support leg II (1154) and a support leg (1155), one end of the support leg II (1154) in a flat plate shape is fixedly provided with the support leg (1155) in a J shape, the J-shaped straight line section of the support leg (1155) is perpendicular to the plate surface of the support leg II (1154), the tail end of the J-shaped hook of the support leg (1155) faces the direction of the support leg II (1154), 2 pieces of support members (115) are arranged on the side, far away from the support arm (111), of the joint of the 2 pieces of support arm (111) and the cross beam (112), of the support (11) of the rack (1) through the end part, far away from the support leg (1155), of the support leg (1155) is located on the side far away from the cross beam (112) relative to the support leg II (1154).
CN202110652003.3A 2021-06-11 2021-06-11 Multi-spade plowing machine Active CN113330833B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09268589A (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-10-14 Tanabe Seihan Kk Spade, shovel, plow, hoe, etc., provided with nonslip device
CN102204430A (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-10-05 现代农装科技股份有限公司 Strip seedbed preparing device and seeder provided with same
CN103229690A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-08-07 天津锦田顺程农机有限公司 Mechanical device for shoveling and raking residual mulching films on farmland and using method of mechanical device
CN103782675A (en) * 2014-01-06 2014-05-14 西北农林科技大学 One-handle multi-tip soil deep loosening shovel
CN104186040A (en) * 2014-09-10 2014-12-10 东北农业大学 Mechanical air pressure subsoiler
CN204014424U (en) * 2014-09-10 2014-12-17 东北农业大学 A kind of electric-controlled type air pressure subsoiler
CN105393654A (en) * 2015-12-17 2016-03-16 石河子大学 Vibration deep subsoiler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090321095A1 (en) * 2008-06-28 2009-12-31 Dan E. Shisler, Iv Rhoe; the reversed leverage plow and hoe

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09268589A (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-10-14 Tanabe Seihan Kk Spade, shovel, plow, hoe, etc., provided with nonslip device
CN102204430A (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-10-05 现代农装科技股份有限公司 Strip seedbed preparing device and seeder provided with same
CN103229690A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-08-07 天津锦田顺程农机有限公司 Mechanical device for shoveling and raking residual mulching films on farmland and using method of mechanical device
CN103782675A (en) * 2014-01-06 2014-05-14 西北农林科技大学 One-handle multi-tip soil deep loosening shovel
CN104186040A (en) * 2014-09-10 2014-12-10 东北农业大学 Mechanical air pressure subsoiler
CN204014424U (en) * 2014-09-10 2014-12-17 东北农业大学 A kind of electric-controlled type air pressure subsoiler
CN105393654A (en) * 2015-12-17 2016-03-16 石河子大学 Vibration deep subsoiler

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