CN113323314A - External wall paving construction method for sintered ceramic tiles in freeze-thaw environment - Google Patents
External wall paving construction method for sintered ceramic tiles in freeze-thaw environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113323314A CN113323314A CN202110647828.6A CN202110647828A CN113323314A CN 113323314 A CN113323314 A CN 113323314A CN 202110647828 A CN202110647828 A CN 202110647828A CN 113323314 A CN113323314 A CN 113323314A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
- E04F13/0891—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections with joint fillings
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and provides a sintered ceramic tile outer wall paving construction method in a freeze-thaw environment, wherein a base layer and a wall surface are required to be kept clean, when dirt, floating ash, oil stain, slurry flow and the like are polluted, a steel wire brush and the like are used for cleaning, water is used for pouring the wall surface one day before construction, so that the base layer has certain humidity to enhance the strength of a split brick adhesive, and split bricks are constructed on the base layer which is flat and has no empty drum and crust; the method is simple in operation, convenient to construct, easy to master, and plays a good role in multiple aspects such as ensuring the engineering quality, improving the working efficiency, accelerating the engineering progress, improving the economic benefit and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a paving construction method for an external wall of a sintered ceramic tile in a freeze-thaw environment.
Background
The facing brick is inlaid on the outer wall of the building, if the quality is ensured, the facing brick can achieve the effects of clean, elegant and solemn outer vertical surface, and is valuable for beautifying the appearance of the city and prolonging the service life of the building. However, according to recent engineering practices, the outer wall veneering facing tiles in cold regions have worried quality problems. Most of the projects are small, namely one to two years, and more than four to five years, the face bricks generate the phenomena of cracks, peeling and even flaking and falling, so that the brand new buildings are affected by the stains. Not only can the expected facade effect not be achieved, but also the use function is influenced, the maintenance is difficult, certain economic loss is caused, the quality of engineering entities is influenced, and people pay attention to the method.
In order to solve the problems, the quality problems caused by inlaying the facing bricks and the reasons and preventive measures thereof need to be discussed in the aspects of material quality, construction process, quality requirements, finished product protection and the like of the facing bricks, and a reasonable scheme which is in line with the practice and has higher economic benefit is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects, the invention provides the sintering ceramic tile outer wall paving construction method in the freeze-thaw environment, which has the advantages of simple operation, convenient construction, easy mastering, engineering quality guarantee, work efficiency improvement, engineering progress acceleration, economic benefit improvement and the like.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a paving construction method for an external wall of a sintered ceramic tile in a freeze-thaw environment comprises the following steps:
s1, treating a base layer and keeping the wall surface clean, when dirt, floating ash, oil stain, slurry flow and the like pollute the base layer, cleaning the base layer by using a steel wire brush and the like, watering the wall surface by using water one day before construction to ensure that the base layer has certain humidity so as to enhance the strength of the split brick adhesive, and constructing the split brick on the base layer which is flat and has no empty bulge;
s2, pre-arranging bricks, determining the size of a mortar joint of split bricks and the size of a window according to the size of the split bricks before construction, ensuring that the main parts of the external corner edge, the window partition wall, the independent column, the independent beam and the like are all whole bricks, the bricks are not allowed to be cut in paving, and non-whole bricks with the length less than one half of the brick length do not appear on other secondary parts;
s3, measuring and snapping lines, popping out dividing lines according to the tile seam width determined by the prearranged tiles and paving design requirements such as I-shaped stickers and # -shaped stickers on a dry base layer according to the paving design requirements and the actual specifications of the tiles, dividing the snapping lines according to the prearranged drawing requirements when the base layer leveling mortar is seven to eight times dry, and simultaneously carrying out the work of surface layer labeling alignment points to control the wall outlet size, the verticality and the flatness of the surface layer, controlling the horizontal lines by adding 500 mm lines to the horizontal reference lines of the floors, and controlling the vertical lines by using laser lines punched by a laser theodolite;
s4, before paving split bricks and before paving split bricks, ensuring the strength of a plastering layer of a wall surface to reach more than seventy percent, in order to ensure the cleanness of the brick surface, adhering cement mortar on the back of the bricks by using an ash spoon in the paving sequence from top to bottom, fully paving the brick bottom without leaving gaps, but properly using the cement mortar to prevent the cement mortar from overflowing to pollute the brick surface and influence the jointing operation, then paving the split bricks on the wall surface according to dividing lines, immediately cleaning by using clean cloth or sponge once the cement mortar overflows, using prefabricated bricks for non-integral bricks and negative and positive angle bricks, paving on-site without cutting the bricks, in paving, checking the flatness and the verticality by using a ruler, immediately pressing the bricks and squeezing slurry when the cement mortar is higher than the standard brick surface, if the cement mortar is found to be higher than the standard brick surface, taking off and re-plastering again and pasting, if the split bricks around the wall surface are required to be completely cut and the edges are in order, random splicing and sticking with non-whole bricks are not allowed;
s5, pointing,
S51, selecting a jointing material, jointing according to the jointing material, joint depth, jointing form and color determined by the sample wall, performing jointing test on the split brick, and selecting the split brick after checking that the split brick has no quality problems such as whitening, sanding, cracking, blooming and the like;
s52, seam feeding and extruding into a jointing operation, jointing operation is carried out after the adhesive layer is finally set, construction is not carried out in rainy days, when jointing, the special jointing agent is poured into a clean stirring barrel firstly, water is added according to the water-cement ratio required by the use specification of the special jointing agent, the special jointing agent is stirred uniformly by a water machine for standby, the mixed special jointing agent slurry is used up within 3-4 hours, when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the slurry is used up within 2-3 hours, the slurry which is not used up and hardened is not allowed to be added with water again for stirring, and then the seam feeding and extruding method comprises the following steps: cutting the conical top end of the flower squeezing bag into required size according to the size of the brick joint of the split brick, filling the special jointing material mortar for the split brick, which is stirred according to the specified water cement ratio, into the flower squeezing bag, wherein the filling amount of the mortar is not more than the capacity of the flower squeezing bag
Filling and compacting mortar, exhausting air in a bag completely, so that the squeezing can be continuous and smooth, a right hand of a flower squeezing bag is supported by a left hand to squeeze the flower squeezing bag and incline 45-60 degrees towards the advancing direction during squeezing, the force is moderate, the squeezed mortar is uniform and is 2-3 mm higher than the split brick surface as much as possible, the time interval between pointing and seam pressing is about 30-90 minutes, the finger is used for pressing the tack material to be not sticky and the slightly dry hand feeling is taken as the standard, a special pointing slider is used for horizontally and vertically compacting each filled brick seam, concave and flat pointing is generally adopted, the depth of pointing is 3-4 mm from the brick surface, the force is uniform during pointing, and multiple pointing are carried out until the depth is consistent, the seam is flat, smooth, the pointing is continuous and compact, and the horizontal and vertical T-headed seam is flat and smooth;
s6, cleaning the wall surface, after the special pointing scraper is used for pointing, the surplus pointing agent adhered to the brick surface has the phenomena of dehydration, drying and falling by touching with fingers, a dry plastic brush can be used for removing and falling off, the residual stains can be cleaned by soaking water with sponge, the brick surface can be cleaned by clean water after seven days of pointing completion of the pointing agent, and if stubborn stains exist, the brick surface can be quickly cleaned by hydrochloric acid solution;
s7, checking and repairing, paving and sticking split bricks, after mortar is dried, knocking and checking the split bricks one by one before lowering and dismantling the scaffold, and if the split bricks are cracked, timely processing without hidden danger.
Further, in S2, the size of the split brick mortar joint is controlled to be 8 mm.
Further, in the S6, the ratio of hydrochloric acid to water in the hydrochloric acid solution is 1: 10, before cleaning, the brick surface is wetted by clear water to avoid affecting the color of the jointing agent, rubber gloves and some necessary protection are worn to avoid invasion during cleaning, strong acid and strong alkali materials such as oxalic acid are not used for cleaning, and after removing stains by hydrochloric acid water, the brick surface is cleaned by clear water.
Further, in the step S7, the split bricks are adhered after the opening at the tie point is densely filled with the fine aggregate concrete along with the removal progress of the outrigger in the repair of the split bricks at the tie point of the outrigger.
Furthermore, in the step S4, the split bricks are all closed at the internal corner, the split bricks at the external corner are adhered at a 45-degree contact angle, the split bricks at the upper opening of the door and window opening are adhered vertically, the gap between the door and window frame and the split bricks is controlled to be 8-10 mm, and the gap is filled with sealant.
Furthermore, the construction method is suitable for the construction of the outer wall split brick engineering of the industrial and civil buildings which are not more than 100 meters in height, not more than 8 degrees in seismic fortification intensity and constructed by a full-adhesive method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the construction method has strict requirements on the base layer, the base layer is firm and loose, cracks or crusts are not allowed to be formed, the base layer has no floating dust, oil stain and adhered particles, the size deviation of the split brick finished product is large, and the brick selection is carried out before paving.
2. The surface of the napped series split bricks is rough, the brick surface is easy to pollute during construction, the split bricks are difficult to clean, and a gap filling method for large-area gap wiping cannot be used. The seam feeding and filling method adopted in the construction method can not only improve the seam pointing quality and greatly improve the work efficiency, but also effectively reduce the pollution degree of the brick surface.
3. The construction method is simple to operate, convenient to construct and easy to master, and plays a good role in various aspects such as ensuring the engineering quality, improving the working efficiency, accelerating the engineering progress, improving the economic benefit and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Examples
A paving construction method for an external wall of a sintered ceramic tile in a freeze-thaw environment comprises the following steps:
s1, treating a base layer and keeping the wall surface clean, when dirt, floating ash, oil stain, slurry flow and the like pollute the base layer, cleaning the base layer by using a steel wire brush and the like, watering the wall surface by using water one day before construction to ensure that the base layer has certain humidity so as to enhance the strength of the split brick adhesive, and constructing the split brick on the base layer which is flat and has no empty bulge;
s2, pre-arranging bricks, determining the size of a mortar joint of split bricks and the size of a window according to the size of the split bricks before construction, ensuring that the main parts of the external corner edge, the window partition wall, the independent column, the independent beam and the like are all whole bricks, the bricks are not allowed to be cut in paving, and non-whole bricks with the length less than one half of the brick length do not appear on other secondary parts;
s3, measuring and snapping lines, popping out dividing lines according to the tile seam width determined by the prearranged tiles and paving design requirements such as I-shaped stickers and # -shaped stickers on a dry base layer according to the paving design requirements and the actual specifications of the tiles, dividing the snapping lines according to the prearranged drawing requirements when the base layer leveling mortar is seven to eight times dry, and simultaneously carrying out the work of surface layer labeling alignment points to control the wall outlet size, the verticality and the flatness of the surface layer, controlling the horizontal lines by adding 500 mm lines to the horizontal reference lines of the floors, and controlling the vertical lines by using laser lines punched by a laser theodolite;
s4, before paving split bricks and before paving split bricks, ensuring the strength of a plastering layer of a wall surface to reach more than seventy percent, in order to ensure the cleanness of the brick surface, adhering cement mortar on the back of the bricks by using an ash spoon in the paving sequence from top to bottom, fully paving the brick bottom without leaving gaps, but properly using the cement mortar to prevent the cement mortar from overflowing to pollute the brick surface and influence the jointing operation, then paving the split bricks on the wall surface according to dividing lines, immediately cleaning by using clean cloth or sponge once the cement mortar overflows, using prefabricated bricks for non-integral bricks and negative and positive angle bricks, paving on-site without cutting the bricks, in paving, checking the flatness and the verticality by using a ruler, immediately pressing the bricks and squeezing slurry when the cement mortar is higher than the standard brick surface, if the cement mortar is found to be higher than the standard brick surface, taking off and re-plastering again and pasting, if the split bricks around the wall surface are required to be completely cut and the edges are in order, random splicing and sticking with non-whole bricks are not allowed;
s5, pointing,
S51, selecting a jointing material, jointing according to the jointing material, joint depth, jointing form and color determined by the sample wall, performing jointing test on the split brick, and selecting the split brick after checking that the split brick has no quality problems such as whitening, sanding, cracking, blooming and the like;
s52, performing joint pointing operation after the seam is finally set by feeding and extruding the joint, and performing joint pointing operation after the seam is finally set by rainThe method is characterized in that the construction is not carried out in the day, during pointing, the special pointing agent is poured into a clean stirring barrel firstly, according to the water cement ratio required by the use specification of the special pointing agent, water is added, the mechanical stirring is carried out uniformly for later use, the stirred special pointing agent slurry is used up within 3-4 hours, when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the slurry which is not used up and is hardened is used up within 2-3 hours, the water is not allowed to be added again for stirring, and then the pointing agent is extruded into the pointing method through the feeding of the pointing: cutting the conical top end of the flower squeezing bag into required size according to the size of the brick joint of the split brick, filling the special jointing material mortar for the split brick, which is stirred according to the specified water cement ratio, into the flower squeezing bag, wherein the filling amount of the mortar is not more than the capacity of the flower squeezing bag
Filling and compacting mortar, exhausting air in a bag completely, so that the squeezing can be continuous and smooth, a right hand of a flower squeezing bag is supported by a left hand to squeeze the flower squeezing bag and incline 45-60 degrees towards the advancing direction during squeezing, the force is moderate, the squeezed mortar is uniform and is 2-3 mm higher than the split brick surface as much as possible, the time interval between pointing and seam pressing is about 30-90 minutes, the finger is used for pressing the tack material to be not sticky and the slightly dry hand feeling is taken as the standard, a special pointing slider is used for horizontally and vertically compacting each filled brick seam, concave and flat pointing is generally adopted, the depth of pointing is 3-4 mm from the brick surface, the force is uniform during pointing, and multiple pointing are carried out until the depth is consistent, the seam is flat, smooth, the pointing is continuous and compact, and the horizontal and vertical T-headed seam is flat and smooth;
s6, cleaning the wall surface, after the special pointing scraper is used for pointing, the surplus pointing agent adhered to the brick surface has the phenomena of dehydration, drying and falling by touching with fingers, a dry plastic brush can be used for removing and falling off, the residual stains can be cleaned by soaking water with sponge, the brick surface can be cleaned by clean water after seven days of pointing completion of the pointing agent, and if stubborn stains exist, the brick surface can be quickly cleaned by hydrochloric acid solution;
s7, checking and repairing, paving and sticking split bricks, after mortar is dried, knocking and checking the split bricks one by one before lowering and dismantling the scaffold, and if the split bricks are cracked, timely processing without hidden danger.
Before the construction method is used for paving and pasting the outer wall, the construction method can be carried out by meeting the following requirements on site:
(1) and the plastering of the outer wall is finished and reaches the maintenance period. The strength of the base layer meets the design requirement and does not cause sand.
(2) The external wall split bricks and the coating construction adopt external scaffolds, the external scaffolds are set up in advance, small cross bars and the like of the external scaffolds are at least 100 mm away from the wall surface, and the set external scaffolds are required to organize the acceptance of relevant departments and meet the safe use requirements before use.
(3) And the outer window frame is installed.
(4) The balcony rails, the wall reserved holes, the scaffold eyes and the like are processed, and the outdoor wall-penetrating pipeline is installed completely.
(5) And preparing a template wall in advance, and determining the process standard and acceptance requirements in construction.
Preparation work of construction equipment and materials:
(1) according to the color process requirements of the split bricks determined by design and the first square, the actual area and the material loss are combined, the stock preparation is correctly calculated, the stock preparation needs to be carried out at one time, the production is carried out at one time, and the color difference caused by different batches is avoided.
(2) And relevant files such as color and luster of the split bricks in the check entry field, brands, delivery qualification certificates, quality detection reports and the like are used after meeting the requirements of the specifications and standards.
(3) And the split bricks used by the outer wall are required to be stored according to the variety, the color and the using part.
(4) Before the external wall split brick is constructed, the raw materials must be subjected to witness sampling and inspection according to national standards and industrial specifications, the quality of the raw materials is strictly restricted, the raw materials mainly detect the cohesiveness, weather resistance, alkali resistance and the like of the materials, and all detection data must be properly stored.
(5) The main machine tool comprises: the stirring machine and spade should be equipped with soft brush, wire brush, powder package, watering can, small kettle, bucket, dripping line, broom, hammer, handcart, wooden trowel, iron trowel, running rule, square rule, iron level ruler, ash chute, cleaning cloth or cotton thread, small plaster shovel, portable electric small saw, pointing scraper, pointing plaster supporting plate, thread pendant, lead wire and other tools besides the common tools of plasterer.
When this construction method is actually used, the following items need to be noted:
(1) when the facing bricks are pasted, the environmental temperature is not allowed to be lower than 5 ℃, and the use temperature of the mortar is not allowed to be lower than 5 ℃; so as to avoid the quality problems of hollowing, falling and the like caused by the frozen mortar.
(2) After the construction mix proportion of the bonding layer, the pointing material and the like is determined, strict execution is required in construction; the construction of each layer of the bonding layer and the bonding layer needs to be opened at intervals, the maintenance needs to be carried out in time, and a plurality of different materials with different mixing ratios are strictly forbidden to be adopted on the same construction surface so as to avoid chromatic aberration and other quality accidents; the adhesive layer of the facing brick is full, and the pointing is tight so as to avoid hollowing and falling off caused by water seepage; the pointing material is prepared in advance uniformly according to the requirements, and the problem of inconsistent color is avoided.
(3) The inspection of the base course bottoming work is strengthened, the base course is carefully layered and well repaired according to the size deviation of the base course, and the flatness of the base course is guaranteed so as to avoid uneven wall surface.
(4) Carefully selecting bricks before construction, removing facing bricks with standard and size deviation exceeding standards, strictly pasting the facing bricks according to a brick arrangement diagram during brick pasting, and timely adjusting the facing bricks according to the actual conditions of the structure. The sectional block-dividing bullet lines are careful so as to avoid the common diseases of uneven and non-straight brick joints.
(5) And after the brick joints are treated, the surfaces of the facing bricks need to be cleaned in time so as to prevent mortar or other dirt from permeating into the bricks and being difficult to remove.
In S2, the size of the mortar joint of the split brick is controlled to be 8 mm.
In S6, the ratio of hydrochloric acid to water in the hydrochloric acid solution is 1: 10, before cleaning, the brick surface is wetted by clear water to avoid affecting the color of the jointing agent, rubber gloves and some necessary protection are worn to avoid invasion during cleaning, strong acid and strong alkali materials such as oxalic acid are not used for cleaning, and after removing stains by hydrochloric acid water, the brick surface is cleaned by clear water.
And S7, repairing the split bricks at the positions of the pulling nodes of the outer frame, filling the holes at the positions of the pulling nodes with fine aggregate concrete to be dense along with the disassembly progress of the outer frame, and sticking the split bricks.
In S4, the split bricks close up at the internal corner, the split bricks at the external corner are adhered at a 45-degree contact angle, the split bricks at the upper opening of the door and window opening are adhered vertically, the gap between the door and window frame and the split bricks is controlled to be 8-10 mm, and sealant is used for filling the gap.
The construction method is suitable for the construction of the outer wall split brick engineering of the industrial and civil buildings which are not more than 100 meters in height, not more than 8 degrees in seismic fortification intensity and constructed by a full-adhesion method.
After the whole process is finished, the finished product needs to be reasonably protected, and the points needing attention are summarized as the following items:
1. the mortar remained on the door and window frames, especially the protective film adhered on the aluminum alloy door and window frames, is wiped off in time to prevent pollution and corrosion.
2. The reasonable construction sequence is carried out seriously, and the work of other work types (water, electric ventilation, equipment installation and the like) is carried out in front, so that the face bricks are prevented from being damaged.
3. The coating wall surface on the upper part of the brick needs to be subjected to facing brick pasting construction after the coating construction is finished so as to avoid polluting the wall surface, and if facing bricks need to be made first, measures such as stickers or plastic films need to be taken after the facing bricks are finished so as to prevent pollution.
4. Before coagulation, each plastering layer should be prevented from quick drying, insolation, water flushing and vibration so as to ensure that the plastering layer has enough strength.
5. During the transportation, storage and construction of the decorative material, reliable measures must be taken to prevent damage and deterioration.
6. Temporary protection measures should be taken for the entrance, the passage, the external corner and other parts which may be damaged in the construction process.
7. The attachment holes of the lifting frame should be timely repaired when descending along with the frame body, the stability of the frame body should be well controlled in the frame disassembling process, the collision and the wiping and hanging of the outer wall are avoided, and the collision and the wiping and hanging damage should be timely repaired when being discovered.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A construction method for paving and pasting an outer wall of a sintered ceramic tile in a freeze-thaw environment is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, treating a base layer and keeping the wall surface clean, when dirt, floating ash, oil stain, slurry flow and the like pollute the base layer, cleaning the base layer by using a steel wire brush and the like, watering the wall surface by using water one day before construction to ensure that the base layer has certain humidity so as to enhance the strength of the split brick adhesive, and constructing the split brick on the base layer which is flat and has no empty bulge;
s2, pre-arranging bricks, determining the size of a mortar joint of split bricks and the size of a window according to the size of the split bricks before construction, ensuring that the main parts of the external corner edge, the window partition wall, the independent column, the independent beam and the like are all whole bricks, the bricks are not allowed to be cut in paving, and non-whole bricks with the length less than one half of the brick length do not appear on other secondary parts;
s3, measuring and snapping lines, popping out dividing lines according to the tile seam width determined by the prearranged tiles and paving design requirements such as I-shaped stickers and # -shaped stickers on a dry base layer according to the paving design requirements and the actual specifications of the tiles, dividing the snapping lines according to the prearranged drawing requirements when the base layer leveling mortar is seven to eight times dry, and simultaneously carrying out the work of surface layer labeling alignment points to control the wall outlet size, the verticality and the flatness of the surface layer, controlling the horizontal lines by adding 500 mm lines to the horizontal reference lines of the floors, and controlling the vertical lines by using laser lines punched by a laser theodolite;
s4, before paving split bricks and before paving split bricks, ensuring the strength of a plastering layer of a wall surface to reach more than seventy percent, in order to ensure the cleanness of the brick surface, adhering cement mortar on the back of the bricks by using an ash spoon in the paving sequence from top to bottom, fully paving the brick bottom without leaving gaps, but properly using the cement mortar to prevent the cement mortar from overflowing to pollute the brick surface and influence the jointing operation, then paving the split bricks on the wall surface according to dividing lines, immediately cleaning by using clean cloth or sponge once the cement mortar overflows, using prefabricated bricks for non-integral bricks and negative and positive angle bricks, paving on-site without cutting the bricks, in paving, checking the flatness and the verticality by using a ruler, immediately pressing the bricks and squeezing slurry when the cement mortar is higher than the standard brick surface, if the cement mortar is found to be higher than the standard brick surface, taking off and re-plastering again and pasting, if the split bricks around the wall surface are required to be completely cut and the edges are in order, random splicing and sticking with non-whole bricks are not allowed;
s5, pointing,
S51, selecting a jointing material, jointing according to the jointing material, joint depth, jointing form and color determined by the sample wall, performing jointing test on the split brick, and selecting the split brick after checking that the split brick has no quality problems such as whitening, sanding, cracking, blooming and the like;
s52, seam feeding and extruding into a jointing operation, jointing operation is carried out after the adhesive layer is finally set, construction is not carried out in rainy days, when jointing, the special jointing agent is poured into a clean stirring barrel firstly, water is added according to the water-cement ratio required by the use specification of the special jointing agent, the special jointing agent is stirred uniformly by a water machine for standby, the mixed special jointing agent slurry is used up within 3-4 hours, when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the slurry is used up within 2-3 hours, the slurry which is not used up and hardened is not allowed to be added with water again for stirring, and then the seam feeding and extruding method comprises the following steps: cutting the conical top end of the flower squeezing bag into required size according to the size of the brick joint of the split brick, filling the special jointing material mortar for the split brick, which is stirred according to the specified water cement ratio, into the flower squeezing bag, wherein the filling amount of the mortar is not more than the capacity of the flower squeezing bag
The mortar is densely filled, so that air in the bag is exhausted completely, the mortar can be continuously and smoothly squeezed, the right hand of the flower squeezing bag is supported by the left hand during squeezing, the flower squeezing bag is squeezed by the right hand and is inclined to the advancing direction by 45-60 degrees, the force is moderate, the squeezed mortar is enabled to be uniform and to be higher than the brick splitting surface by 2-3 millimeters as much as possible, the time interval between pointing and seam pressing is about 30-90 minutes, the finger is used for pressing the non-sticky hand feeling and the slightly dry hand feeling of pointing materials, a special pointing slider is used for horizontally and vertically compacting each filled brick seam, concave and flat pointing is generally adopted, the pointing depth is 3-4 millimeters below the brick surface, and pointing and pressing are carried outUniformly applying force, and hooking and pressing for multiple times until the depth is consistent, the joint is straight and smooth, the hooking joint is continuous and compact, and the horizontal and vertical joint joints are smooth and smooth;
s6, cleaning the wall surface, after the special pointing scraper is used for pointing, the surplus pointing agent adhered to the brick surface has the phenomena of dehydration, drying and falling by touching with fingers, a dry plastic brush can be used for removing and falling off, the residual stains can be cleaned by soaking water with sponge, the brick surface can be cleaned by clean water after seven days of pointing completion of the pointing agent, and if stubborn stains exist, the brick surface can be quickly cleaned by hydrochloric acid solution;
s7, checking and repairing, paving and sticking split bricks, after mortar is dried, knocking and checking the split bricks one by one before lowering and dismantling the scaffold, and if the split bricks are cracked, timely processing without hidden danger.
2. The external wall paving construction method of the sintered ceramic tile in the freeze-thaw environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S2, the size of the mortar joint of the split brick is controlled to be 8 mm.
3. The external wall paving construction method of the sintered ceramic tile in the freeze-thaw environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the S6, the ratio of hydrochloric acid to water in the hydrochloric acid solution is 1: 10, before cleaning, the brick surface is wetted by clear water to avoid affecting the color of the jointing agent, rubber gloves and some necessary protection are worn to avoid invasion during cleaning, strong acid and strong alkali materials such as oxalic acid are not used for cleaning, and after removing stains by hydrochloric acid water, the brick surface is cleaned by clear water.
4. The external wall paving construction method of the sintered ceramic tile in the freeze-thaw environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the S7, repairing the split bricks at the positions of the pulling nodes of the outer frame, filling the holes at the positions of the pulling nodes with fine aggregate concrete according to the removing progress of the outer frame, and adhering the split bricks.
5. The external wall paving construction method of the sintered ceramic tile in the freeze-thaw environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the S4, the split bricks are all closed at the internal corner, the split bricks at the external corner are adhered by adopting a 45-degree contact angle, the split bricks at the upper opening of the door and window opening are adhered vertically, the gap between the door and window frame and the split bricks is controlled to be 8-10 mm, and the gap is filled with sealant.
6. The external wall paving construction method of the sintered ceramic tile in the freeze-thaw environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the construction method is suitable for the construction of the outer wall split brick engineering of the industrial and civil buildings which are not more than 100 meters in height, not more than 8 degrees in seismic fortification intensity and constructed by a full-adhesion method.
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| CN115405064A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-29 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Construction method of arc wall clay split brick by interlayer heat preservation method |
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