CN113319751B - Method for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel and equipment for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel and equipment for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113319751B CN113319751B CN202110537931.5A CN202110537931A CN113319751B CN 113319751 B CN113319751 B CN 113319751B CN 202110537931 A CN202110537931 A CN 202110537931A CN 113319751 B CN113319751 B CN 113319751B
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- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel and equipment for manufacturing the metal bond diamond grinding wheel. The manufacturing method of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel comprises the steps of putting a grinding layer powder raw material into a cold pressing die, and carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material and form a grinding layer pressed compact; and putting the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die into a hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body and carrying out hot pressing treatment. The metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment comprises a cold pressing die and a hot pressing die. The invention firstly carries out the cold press molding of the grinding layer blank in the cold press die and then carries out the hot press molding of the grinding wheel in the hot press die, the volume of the hot press die is effectively reduced, the heating energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the purpose of saving energy and protecting environment is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forming processes, in particular to a method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel and metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment for realizing the method.
Background
When the metal bond diamond grinding wheel is manufactured, the grinding layer powder raw material and the transition layer powder raw material are pressed to a grinding wheel base to realize forming. The prior grinding wheel forming methods comprise a cold pressing method, a hot pressing method and a semi-hot pressing method.
When the grinding wheel is formed by a cold pressing method, the grinding wheel base body, the transition layer powder raw material and the grinding layer powder raw material are sequentially placed in a cold pressing die, then cold pressing treatment is carried out in the cold pressing die to form an integral pressed blank of the grinding wheel, and the integral pressed blank is put into a furnace for sintering and forming after being demoulded. Because the sintering molding is not carried into a mold, the cold pressing method has the advantages of energy conservation and high efficiency, but the molding quality is poor, and the problems of sintering deformation and cracking and even ring release at a joint part easily exist.
When the grinding wheel is formed by a hot pressing method, the grinding wheel base body, the powder raw material of the transition layer and the powder raw material of the grinding layer are placed in a hot pressing mould, are not heated and are pre-pressed into an integral pressed blank, and are placed in a furnace together with the hot pressing mould for heating and pressurizing treatment without demoulding. The hot pressing method has good forming quality, but the hot pressing mould has larger volume and needs to be sent into the furnace for heating, so the energy consumption is higher.
When the grinding wheel is formed by a semi-hot pressing method, the grinding wheel base body, the powder raw material of the transition layer and the powder raw material of the grinding layer are placed into a hot pressing die, are not heated and are pre-pressed into an integral pressed blank, are not removed from the die and are placed into a furnace together with the hot pressing die for heating and heat preservation treatment, and are pressed when the grinding wheel is hot after being taken out of the furnace. The hot pressing method also has the advantage of good molding quality, but similarly, because the hot pressing die has larger volume and needs to be fed into the furnace together for heating, the energy consumption is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel, which realizes hot press molding, saves energy and reduces consumption.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the equipment for manufacturing the metal bond diamond grinding wheel, which realizes hot press molding, saves energy and reduces consumption.
The manufacturing method of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel provided by the first object of the invention comprises the steps of putting a grinding layer powder raw material into a cold pressing die, carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material and form a grinding layer pressed compact; and (3) putting the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die into a hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body and carrying out hot pressing treatment.
According to the scheme, the main purpose of the manufacturing method provided by the invention is to reduce the volume of the hot-pressing die which needs to be fed into the furnace for heating so as to reduce energy consumption. Thickness change is great when the grinding layer becomes the pressed compact from powder raw materials, and the hot pressing mainly solves the degree of combining problem between the material layer, consequently makes the grinding layer pressed compact in cold pressing die earlier, takes out the grinding layer pressed compact and puts in hot pressing die and the emery wheel base member and transition layer powder raw materials carries out the hot pressing again, is used for placing the inner chamber height on grinding layer in the hot pressing die and reduces greatly, and hot pressing die's volume then reduces thereupon to effectively reduce the heating energy consumption.
The grinding layer powder raw material is placed in a cold pressing die, and the step of carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material and form a grinding layer pressed blank comprises the step of reducing the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material to be less than half of the original thickness through the cold pressing treatment and forming the grinding layer pressed blank.
The grinding layer powder raw material is placed in a cold pressing die, and the step of carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material and form a grinding layer green compact comprises the step of carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material to be less than one third of the original thickness and form the grinding layer green compact.
From top to bottom, highly reducing by a wide margin after compressing into the grinding layer pressed compact with grinding layer powder raw materials through colding pressing, the inner chamber height that is used for holding the grinding layer pressed compact among the hot briquetting reduces correspondingly so, and hot briquetting's volume further reduces, the energy consumption when further reducing the heating.
The further proposal is that the step of hot pressing treatment after the grinding laminated blank taken out from the cold pressing die is put into a hot pressing die with a grinding wheel base body is carried out: gaps are arranged between the inner side and the outer side of the grinding layer pressed compact and the inner wall surface of the hot pressing die.
From the above, because the grinding layer green compact of cold press forming is comparatively fragile, this setting avoids placing the excessive atress of grinding layer green compact into hot pressing mould and ftractures.
The further scheme is that the step of hot pressing treatment after the grinding laminated blank taken out from the cold pressing die is put into a hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body, comprises the step of putting the grinding laminated blank into the hot pressing die, and the grinding wheel base body and the transition layer powder raw materials are sequentially put into the hot pressing die.
Therefore, when the grinding wheel is subjected to hot pressing, the transition layer is added between the grinding wheel base body and the grinding layer to improve the combination degree between the grinding wheel base body and the grinding layer and improve the product quality.
The grinding wheel base body is placed in the hot pressing die at the same time or before the step of placing the grinding layer powder raw materials into the cold pressing die, carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw materials and form a grinding layer pressed blank, or the grinding wheel base body and the transition layer powder raw materials are sequentially placed in the hot pressing die.
Therefore, the forming step of the grinding layer pressed compact and the putting step of the grinding wheel base body and the transition layer powder raw material are not in sequential relation, in automatic production, the two steps can be carried out simultaneously or the putting step of the grinding wheel base body and the transition layer powder raw material can be carried out firstly according to the carrying time requirement of automatic equipment, so that the steps of the whole production flow are more compactly matched, and the production efficiency is improved.
The grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die is placed into a hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body, and hot pressing treatment is carried out on the grinding laminated blank.
The step of placing the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold-pressing die into a hot-pressing die in which the grinding wheel base body is placed and carrying out hot-pressing treatment comprises the step of placing the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold-pressing die into the hot-pressing die in which the grinding wheel base body is placed, and then carrying out heating treatment and pressing treatment simultaneously.
Therefore, as the grinding layer green compact is formed in the cold-pressing die, the volume of the hot-pressing die is greatly reduced, and different selections can be performed on hot-pressing treatment according to the actual needs of the forming process, such as simultaneous high-temperature and high-pressure treatment in the existing hot-pressing method, or pressurization treatment after heating in the existing semi-hot-pressing method, on the premise of ensuring that the energy consumption is reduced, the adaptability of the method is improved, and different requirements of hot-pressing conditions of the forming process of the grinding wheel are further met.
The metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment provided by the second object of the invention is used for realizing the metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing method; the metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment comprises a cold pressing die and a hot pressing die.
The further scheme is that the height of the inner cavity of the cold pressing die is a first height, the height of the inner cavity of the hot pressing die is a second height, and the second height is smaller than the first height.
According to the scheme, on the metal bond diamond grinding wheel, the height of the grinding wheel base body is close to that of the grinding layer, so that the height change of the grinding layer has great influence on the volume of the hot-pressing die. Therefore, if the forming process from the grinding layer powder raw material to the grinding layer pressed compact is carried out by separating from the hot pressing die, the height of the inner cavity related to the grinding layer in the hot pressing die can be reduced by two thirds, the whole height of the inner cavity of the hot pressing die can be reduced by one half, and when the volume of the hot pressing die is smaller than that of the cold pressing die and is communicated with the hot pressing die to be sent into the furnace for heating, the heating energy consumption can be effectively reduced, so that the purpose of saving energy and protecting the environment is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of cold pressing treatment in an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a change of a grinding layer in an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat press treatment in an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a prior art autoclave process.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel capable of reducing energy consumption and metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment for realizing the method. The metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment comprises a cold pressing die 1 shown in figure 1 and a hot pressing die 2 shown in figure 3.
Referring to fig. 1, when the grinding wheel is manufactured by the metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing method, first, a grinding layer compact 932 is pressed. The prepared grinding layer powder material 931 is placed in an annular inner cavity of the cold press die 1 and subjected to leveling treatment, and then the grinding layer powder material 931 is pressed by a cold press machine so that the height of the grinding layer powder material 931 is reduced and becomes a grinding layer green compact 932.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the grinding layer powder material 931 before pressing is the first thickness d1; after a cold press with an oil cylinder diameter of 400-500mm is selected and pressed by a cold press die 1 of 15-20Mpa, the thickness of the formed grinding layer green compact 932 is the second thickness d2, and the second thickness d2 is only one third of the first thickness d 1.
The selection of the diameter of the oil cylinder of the cold press and the selection of the pressure of the cold press are related to the size of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel to be processed and the size of the grinding layer powder raw material 931, and the larger the size of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel or the size of the grinding layer powder raw material 931 is, the larger the diameter of the oil cylinder of the cold press and the larger the pressure are.
With reference to fig. 3, a subsequent die change step is required to remove the grinding layer compact 932 from the cold compaction die 1 and place it in the hot compaction die 2. The grinding layer green compact 932 is first demolded. The cold press applies pressure to match with the demoulding tool to take out the annular grinding layer pressed blank 932 from the cold press mould for standby application, the demoulding pressure applied to the grinding layer pressed blank 932 during demoulding is between 2 and 3Mpa, and the slow demoulding is needed to be adopted, so that the grinding layer pressed blank 932 is prevented from cracking.
Before the grinding layer green compact 932 is placed in the hot pressing die 2, the inner cavity of the hot pressing die 2 is coated with a release agent and is horizontally placed on a feeding turntable for standby, then the grinding wheel base body 91 is placed at the bottommost part of the inner cavity of the hot pressing die 2 according to an automatic production line according to preset time, and then the prepared transition layer powder raw material 92 is fed into the hot pressing die 2 and is positioned above the grinding wheel base body 91, and the transition layer powder raw material 92 is leveled. In addition, when it is necessary to cooperate with other processes on the automatic production line, the step of placing the grinding wheel base 91 and the transition layer powder material 92 in the hot press die 2 may be performed simultaneously with or before the step of placing the grinding layer powder material 931 in the cold press die 1 and performing the cold press treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder material 931 and form the grinding layer green compact 932, so that the steps of the entire production flow are more compactly associated with each other, and the production efficiency is improved.
The grinding layer compact 932 then needs to be placed into the cavity of the hot press mold 2. Because the grinding layer green compact 932 of cold press forming is comparatively fragile, set up to clearance fit between the inside and outside both sides of grinding layer green compact 932 and the internal wall of hot pressing die 2, the internal diameter of grinding layer green compact 932 is 0.2mm bigger than the internal diameter of 2 inner chambers of hot pressing die, the external diameter of grinding layer green compact 932 is 0.2mm less than the last external diameter of 2 inner chambers of hot pressing die, this setting avoids grinding layer green compact 932 to put into hot pressing die 2 in-process because of the atress fracture. Placing the grinding layer compact 932 into the cavity of the hot press mold 2 requires pre-pressing the grinding layer compact 932 with a press until the grinding layer compact 932 is in intimate contact with the transition layer powder material 92.
Then a hot pressing process is required. The hot pressing treatment in this embodiment is a heating treatment and then a pressing treatment. Firstly, the hot pressing die 2 in which the grinding wheel base body 91, the transition layer powder raw material 92 and the grinding layer green compact 932 are sequentially placed is placed into a furnace together, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be raised to the forming temperature 700-740 ℃ corresponding to the grinding wheel, and the temperature is kept for 50-60 minutes, wherein the larger the size of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel or the size of the grinding layer powder raw material 931 is, the higher the forming temperature is, and the longer the temperature keeping time is.
And after the preset time is over, taking the hot pressing die 2 out of the furnace, and immediately performing compression molding on the grinding layer green compact 932, the transition layer powder raw material 92 and the grinding wheel matrix 91 in the hot pressing die 2 by using a hot press with an oil cylinder diameter of 200-300mm under the pressure of 5-10Mpa while the hot press is hot. The larger the size of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel or the size of the grinding layer powder raw material 931, the larger the diameter of the oil cylinder of the hot press, the larger the applied pressure.
After the hot pressing treatment is finished, the hot pressing die 2 and the grinding wheel formed by the grinding layer green compact 932, the transition layer powder raw material 92 and the grinding wheel base body 91 in the hot pressing die are transferred to a cooling area for cooling treatment, demoulding treatment is carried out until the temperature of the hot pressing die 2 is reduced to about 50 ℃, the grinding wheel is removed from the hot pressing die 2, and then the working procedures of machining the grinding wheel, inspecting the product and packaging the product into a warehouse are carried out in sequence.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state of use of a hot press mold 3 used in a hot press method or a semi-hot press method according to the related art. The main purpose of the manufacturing method provided by the invention is to reduce the volume of the hot-pressing die 2 which needs to be fed into a furnace for heating so as to reduce energy consumption.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the grinding layer is reduced in thickness by approximately two thirds from the grinding layer powder material 931 to the grinding layer green compact 932, and therefore, the grinding layer powder material 931 has a large height requirement in the die. Referring to fig. 4, in the conventional hot pressing method and semi-hot pressing method described in the background art, since the grinding layer is pressed from the grinding layer powder material 831 to a grinding layer green compact (not shown) in the hot pressing mold 3, the height of the cavity of the hot pressing mold 3 must meet the thickness requirement for placing the grinding layer powder material 831, and thus the hot pressing mold 3 is high and large in size as a whole, and the energy consumption for heating is large when the hot pressing mold 3 is placed in a furnace for heating.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the invention firstly prepares a grinding layer green compact 932 in the cold pressing die 1, and then takes out the grinding layer green compact 932 with the thickness of only one third of the original thickness and puts the grinding layer green compact 932 into the hot pressing die 2 to be hot-pressed with the grinding wheel base 91 and the transition layer powder raw material 92, so that the height of the inner cavity for placing the grinding layer in the hot pressing die 2 is greatly reduced. Comparing fig. 3 and fig. 4, the height of the inner cavity of the hot pressing mold 2 is the second height h2, the height of the inner cavity of the hot pressing mold 3 in the prior art is the third height h3, and the second height h2 is only half of the third height h3, even smaller than the first height h1 of the inner cavity of the cold pressing mold 1. Therefore, compared with the hot pressing die 3 adopted by the existing hot pressing method and the semi-hot pressing method, the volume of the hot pressing die 2 is effectively reduced when the manufacturing method is adopted, so that the heating energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the environment-friendly effect is further realized.
In addition, the invention also comprises metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment, and the metal bond diamond grinding wheel manufacturing equipment comprises a cold pressing die 1 shown in figure 1 and a hot pressing die 2 shown in figure 3.
In addition, in other embodiments, in the hot pressing process, the hot pressing mold is fed into the furnace while the heating process and the pressing process are performed.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The manufacturing method of the metal bond diamond grinding wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
putting the grinding layer powder raw material into a cold pressing die, and carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material and form a grinding layer pressed blank;
the cold press applies pressure to match with a demoulding tool to take the grinding layer pressed blank out of the cold pressing mould for standby application, and the demoulding pressure applied to the grinding layer pressed blank during demoulding is between 2 and 3 Mpa;
the method comprises the following steps of putting a grinding layer powder raw material into a cold pressing die, carrying out cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material and form a grinding layer pressed blank, simultaneously or before the step of coating a release agent in an inner cavity of the hot pressing die and horizontally placing the grinding layer powder raw material on a feeding tray for standby, then placing a grinding wheel base body to the bottommost part of the inner cavity of the hot pressing die according to an automatic production line according to preset time, and then putting a transition layer powder raw material into the hot pressing die and locating above the grinding wheel base body to carry out leveling treatment on the transition layer powder;
the inner diameter of the grinding layer pressed compact is at least 0.2mm larger than the inner diameter of the inner cavity, and the outer diameter of the grinding layer pressed compact is at least 0.2mm smaller than the outer diameter of the inner cavity;
putting the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die into the hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body and carrying out hot pressing treatment;
the step of performing hot pressing after the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die is placed into the hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body:
gaps are reserved between the inner side and the outer side of the grinding layer pressed compact and the inner wall surface of the hot pressing die.
2. The method of manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to claim 1, comprising:
putting the grinding layer powder raw materials into a cold pressing die, and performing cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw materials and form a grinding layer pressed blank, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
and the cold pressing treatment reduces the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material to below half of the original thickness and forms a grinding layer compact.
3. The method of manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to claim 2, comprising:
putting the grinding layer powder raw materials into a cold pressing die, and performing cold pressing treatment to reduce the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw materials and form a grinding layer pressed blank, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the cold pressing treatment reduces the thickness of the grinding layer powder raw material to below one third of the original thickness and forms a grinding layer compact.
4. A method of manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
the step of performing hot pressing after the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die is placed into the hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body, comprises the following steps:
and before the grinding layer pressed compact is placed into the hot-pressing die, the grinding wheel base body and the transition layer powder raw materials are sequentially placed into the hot-pressing die.
5. A method of manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the step of placing the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die into the hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body and carrying out hot pressing treatment comprises the following steps:
and putting the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die into the hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body, and then carrying out heating treatment and pressing treatment.
6. A method of manufacturing a metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the step of placing the ground laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing mold into the hot pressing mold with the grinding wheel base body placed therein and performing hot pressing treatment includes:
and putting the grinding laminated blank taken out of the cold pressing die into the hot pressing die with the grinding wheel base body, and simultaneously carrying out heating treatment and pressing treatment.
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| CN202110537931.5A CN113319751B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Method for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel and equipment for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel |
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| CN202110537931.5A CN113319751B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Method for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel and equipment for manufacturing metal bond diamond grinding wheel |
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| CN101879597B (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of metal sintering-type diamond saw cutter for cutting QFN (Quad Flat Non-Leaded Package) packaging device |
| CN102229122A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2011-11-02 | 苏州赛力精密工具有限公司 | Special ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel for grinding diamond |
| CN102896374B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2015-04-29 | 河北冀凯实业集团有限公司 | Process for manufacturing diamond saw blade |
| CN105773446B (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2018-06-26 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Metallic bond and with its manufactured smalt cutoff filter abrasive cut-off wheel |
| CN107214637A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏华昌工具制造有限公司 | Hard emery wheel and preparation method thereof |
| CN107283650B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-10-15 | 福州天石源超硬材料工具有限公司 | A kind of equally distributed rope saw string ball of abrasive grain and manufacturing method |
| CN109048691A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-21 | 佛山市鼎和超硬材料制品有限公司 | A kind of edging wheel and its preparation process |
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