CN113300558A

CN113300558A - Double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor

Info

Publication number: CN113300558A
Application number: CN202110648292.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 寇宝泉; 葛庆稳; 宋得雪; 黄昌闯
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2021-06-10
Filing date: 2021-06-10
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-10
Also published as: CN113300558B

Abstract

A double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor relates to the technical field of motors. The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional fractional slot concentrated winding has high magnetomotive force harmonic content and is easy to cause irreversible demagnetization of a permanent magnet. And the large magnetomotive force harmonic wave can cause torque fluctuation, and the problem of low-speed stability of the motor is reduced. The invention comprises two sets of armature windings, wherein the two sets of armature windings are fractional slot concentrated windings and are arranged on the air gap side of a stator core, each set of armature winding occupies one layer, the two sets of armature windings are connected in series correspondingly, and phase difference exists between the two sets of windings correspondingly. The invention reduces the harmonic content of the composite magnetomotive force and the electromotive force of the two sets of armature windings by causing the corresponding phase dislocation of the two sets of armature windings to generate the phase difference, so that the eddy current loss of the rotor permanent magnet is reduced, the torque fluctuation of the motor is reduced, and the low-speed stability is good.

Description

Double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors.

Background

The conventional fractional slot concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor stator is provided with only one set of winding, and the winding of the type is usually wound on each tooth of a stator core, and the coils are not overlapped. Therefore, the length of the end part of the winding can be effectively reduced, the copper consumption of the stator is reduced, the reliability of the winding is improved, and the manufacturing cost of the motor is reduced. Meanwhile, the positioning torque of the motor is small, and the torque density is high. Therefore, the fractional slot concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely applied.

However, because the content of magnetomotive force harmonic waves of the fractional-slot concentrated winding is large, when the energizing frequency of the motor winding is high and the overload multiple is large, the eddy current loss of the rotor permanent magnet is large, the temperature of the permanent magnet is increased, and irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is easily caused. In addition, the larger magnetomotive force harmonic wave can also cause torque fluctuation, and the low-speed stability of the motor is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional fractional slot concentrated winding has high magnetomotive force harmonic content, when the power-on frequency of a motor winding is higher and the overload multiple is large, the eddy current loss of a rotor permanent magnet is large, the temperature of the permanent magnet is increased, and the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is easily caused. In addition, the problem that torque fluctuation is caused by larger magnetomotive force harmonic waves, and the low-speed stability of the motor is reduced is solved, and the double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided.

The first double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor which are coaxially nested, wherein an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the rotor iron core in an N, S-pole alternate arrangement mode;

the stator comprises an armature core and two sets of armature windings, the two sets of armature windings are three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings, the armature core is of a slotless structure, the two sets of armature windings are arranged in a radial laminating mode along the armature core and are located on the air gap side of the armature core, the two sets of armature windings are correspondingly connected in series, and the number of the coils of the armature windings is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2；

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2, two sets of armature windings correspond to the coils at the corresponding positionsIf p is 180 DEG/t different from each other in mechanical angle₀When the number p is 6k +1, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite, and p is the same₀If the armature windings correspond to the coils at the corresponding positions, the winding directions of the two sets of armature windings are the same;

when Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀If p is equal to 6k +5, the mechanical angle difference between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is 180 degrees/t₀When the number p is 6k +2, the winding directions of the coils are the same for the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions, and p is the same₀When the armature windings are 6k +5, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are opposite;

when Q is₀＝2p₀At +2, p₀6k +5, the two sets of armature windings correspond to the mechanical angle difference between the coils at the corresponding positions (2 k)₁+1)×180°/[t(6k+7)]，k₁Is a positive integer and can be (2 k)₁+1) (6k +5)/(12k +14) is close to an integer, and the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same;

when Q is₀＝2p₀At-2, p₀6k +7, the difference of mechanical angle between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is 2k₂×180°/[t(6k+5)]，k₂Is a positive integer and can be 4k₂And (6k +5) approaches to 1, and the winding directions of the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions are opposite.

The second double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two stators and a rotor which are arranged along the axial direction, wherein the rotor is positioned between the two stators, an air gap is formed between the stators and the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on two air gap sides of the rotor iron core in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode;

the stator comprises an armature core and an armature winding, the armature winding is a three-phase fractional slot concentrated winding, corresponding phases of the armature windings on the two stators are connected in series, the armature core is in a first structure or a second structure,

the first structure: the armature core is of a slotless structure, the armature winding is fixed on the air gap side of the armature core, and the number of the coils of the armature winding is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2，

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the armature windings of the two stators corresponding to the corresponding positions differs by 180 °/t, if p₀When the armature windings of the two stators are wound in opposite directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions, i.e., when p is 6k +1, the armature windings of the two stators are wound in opposite directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions₀When the armature windings in the two stators are 6k +4, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions are the same,

when Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀When the armature windings in the two stators correspond to the coils at the corresponding positions, the mechanical angle difference is 180 DEG/t when p is 6k +5₀When the armature windings of the two stators have the same winding direction of the coil corresponding to the corresponding position, p is 6k +2₀6k +5, the armature windings in the two stators have opposite winding directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions,

when Q is₀＝2p₀At +2, p₀6k +5, the armature windings in the two stators are different in mechanical angle (2 k) between the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions₁+1)×180°/[t(6k+7)]，k₁Is a positive integer and can be (2 k)₁+1) (6k +5)/(12k +14) approaches to an integer, and the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions of the armature windings in the two stators are the same;

when Q is₀＝2p₀At-2, p₀6k +7, the armature windings in the two stators have a mechanical angle difference of 2k between the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions₂×180°/[t(6k+5)]，k₂Is a positive integer and can be 4k₂(6k +5) approaches 1, and the winding directions of the armature windings in the two stators are opposite corresponding to the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions;

the second structure: the air gap side of the armature core is provided with winding slots along the radial direction, armature windings are embedded in the winding slots, and the armature windings in the two stators correspond to corresponding positionsMechanical angle difference (2 k) between coils₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...，

When Q is₀When it is odd, k is (Q)₀1)/2, if p₀If the number is even, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the armature windings in the two stators are the same, and if p is the same₀The number of the armature windings is odd, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions in the armature windings in the two stators are opposite,

when Q is₀When the number is even, k can be p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching to an integer if p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching even number, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the armature windings in the two stators are the same, if p is₀(2k+1)/Q₀And when the number of the armature windings approaches to an odd number, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions in the armature windings in the two stators are opposite.

The third double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and two rotors which are arranged axially, wherein the stator is positioned between the two rotors, an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors, the rotors comprise rotor cores and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the air gap side of the rotor cores in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode;

the stator comprises an armature core and two sets of armature windings, the two sets of armature windings are correspondingly connected in series, the armature core is in a first structure or a second structure,

the first structure: the armature core is of a slotless structure, two sets of armature windings are respectively fixed on two air gap sides of the armature core, and the number of the coils of the armature windings is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2，

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions is different by 180 degrees/t, if p is p₀When the number p is 6k +1, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite, and p is the same₀＝6k +4, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same,

when Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀If p is equal to 6k +5, the mechanical angle difference between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is 180 degrees/t₀When the number p is 6k +2, the winding directions of the coils are the same for the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions, and p is the same₀6k +5, the winding directions of the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions are opposite,

when Q is₀＝2p₀At-2, p₀6k +7, the difference of mechanical angle between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is 2k₂×180°/[t(6k+5)]，k₂Is a positive integer and can be 4k₂(6k +5) approaches to 1, and the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are opposite;

the second structure: winding slots are formed in two air gap sides of the armature core along the radial direction of the armature core, two sets of armature windings are embedded into the winding slots on the two air gap sides respectively, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is achieved₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...，

When Q is₀When it is odd, k is (Q)₀1)/2, if p₀If the number is even, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same, and if p is the same₀If the number of the armature windings is odd, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are opposite,

when Q is₀When the number is even, k can be p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching to an integer if p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching even number, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same, if p is the same₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching to odd number, then twoThe winding directions of the coils of the sleeve armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions are opposite.

The fourth double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two stators and a rotor which are coaxially arranged along the radial direction, wherein the rotor is positioned between the two stators, an air gap is formed between the stators and the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the air gap side of the rotor iron core in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode,

when Q is₀＝2p₀At +2, p₀6k +5, the armatures in the two stators are woundThe mechanical angle phase difference (2 k) between the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions in the group₁+1)×180°/[t(6k+7)]，k₁Is a positive integer and can be (2 k)₁+1) (6k +5)/(12k +14) approaches to an integer, and the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions of the armature windings in the two stators are the same;

the second structure: the air gap side of the armature core is provided with winding slots along the axial direction, armature windings are embedded in the winding slots, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the armature windings in the two stators is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...，

The fifth double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and two rotors which are coaxially arranged along the radial direction, the stator is positioned between the two rotors, an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors, the rotors comprise rotor cores and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the air gap side of the rotor cores in a N, S pole alternate arrangement mode,

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions is different by 180 degrees/t, if p is p₀When the number p is 6k +1, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite, and p is the same₀When the armature winding direction is 6k +4, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same,

the second structure:winding slots are respectively formed in two air gap sides of the armature core along the axial direction of the armature core, two sets of armature windings are respectively embedded into the winding slots on the two air gap sides, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...，

when Q is₀When the number is even, k can be p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching to an integer if p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching even number, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same, if p is the same₀(2k+1)/Q₀And approaching to an odd number, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are opposite.

Further, for the second, third, fourth or fifth double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motors, when the armature core is of a slotless structure, each set of armature winding comprises two layers of three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings, corresponding phases of the two layers of three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings are connected in series, and phase differences are formed between the corresponding phases;

when the stator and the rotor are arranged in an axial direction, the two layers of three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings are stacked on the air gap side of the armature core in the axial direction,

when the stator and the rotor are arranged in a radial direction, the two-layer three-phase fractional-slot concentrated winding is arranged in a radial direction in a laminated manner on the air gap side of the armature core.

Further, for the third or fifth double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, when the armature core is of a slotless structure, the two sets of armature windings are both three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings or annular windings.

Further, in the five double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motors, the rotor is in a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

Further, the first double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is of an outer rotor structure or an inner rotor structure.

Further, in the five types of double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motors, when the armature core is of a slotless structure, the armature winding is of an epoxy resin encapsulation structure.

The invention relates to a double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor which comprises two sets of armature windings, wherein the two sets of armature windings are fractional slot concentrated windings and are arranged on the air gap side of a stator core, each set of armature winding occupies one layer, the two sets of armature windings are correspondingly connected in series, and phase difference exists between the corresponding phases of the two sets of windings. The invention reduces the harmonic content of the composite magnetomotive force and the electromotive force of the two sets of armature windings by causing the corresponding phase dislocation of the two sets of armature windings to generate the phase difference, so that the eddy current loss of the rotor permanent magnet is reduced, the torque fluctuation of the motor is reduced, and the low-speed stability is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a conventional 6-coil 4-pole slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor;

fig. 2 shows a 6-coil 4-pole slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the first embodiment;

fig. 3 is a conventional 36-coil 40-pole slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor;

fig. 4 shows a 36-coil 40-pole slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the second embodiment;

fig. 5(a) is a schematic view of an armature core structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a third embodiment,

fig. 5(b) is a schematic view of a stator structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a third embodiment,

fig. 5(c) is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a third embodiment,

fig. 5(d) is a schematic view of the overall structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a third embodiment;

fig. 6(a) is a schematic view of a stator structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fourth embodiment,

fig. 6(b) is a schematic structural diagram of two sets of armature windings of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fourth embodiment,

fig. 6(c) is a schematic view of an armature core structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fourth embodiment,

fig. 6(d) is a schematic view of the overall structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fourth embodiment,

fig. 6(e) is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fourth embodiment;

fig. 7(a) is a schematic view of a stator structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fifth embodiment,

figure 7(b) is a schematic view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fifth embodiment,

fig. 7(c) is an overall structural schematic diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a fifth embodiment;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a sixth embodiment.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor which are coaxially nested, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor is of an outer rotor structure or an inner rotor structure. The rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the rotor iron core in an N, S-pole alternate arrangement mode, and the rotor is of a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

The stator comprises an armature core and two sets of armature windings, wherein the two sets of armature windings are three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings, the armature core is of a slotless structure, and the armature windings are of an epoxy resin encapsulating structure. Two sets of armature windings are arranged in a laminating mode along the radial direction of the armature core and are positioned on the air gap side of the armature core, the two sets of armature windings are correspondingly connected in series, and the number of the coils of the armature windings is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2。

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions is different by 180 degrees/t, if p is p₀When 6k +1, two sets of armature windings correspond to each otherThe winding direction of the coil is opposite if p₀When the armature windings are 6k +4, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are the same.

When Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀If p is equal to 6k +5, the mechanical angle difference between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is 180 degrees/t₀When the number p is 6k +2, the winding directions of the coils are the same for the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions, and p is the same₀When the armature windings are 6k +5, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite.

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +2, p₀6k +5, the two sets of armature windings correspond to the mechanical angle difference between the coils at the corresponding positions (2 k)₁+1)×180°/[t(6k+7)]，k₁Is a positive integer and can be (2 k)₁+1) (6k +5)/(12k +14) is close to an integer, and the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same.

Based on the present embodiment, a first specific example is provided, as shown in fig. 2, corresponding to a conventional 6-coil 4-pole slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor, as shown in fig. 1. In the embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is of an inner rotor structure, the rotor is nested in the stator, the two sets of armature windings are all fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator in a stacking mode to form two layers, and each set of armature winding occupies one layer. The corresponding phases of the two sets of armature windings are connected in series. Each set of armature winding has 6 coils, the number of rotor poles is 4, the corresponding unit motor is 3 coils and 2 poles, and the unit motor comprises 2 unit motors. The difference between the two sets of armature windings and the corresponding position coils is 90 degrees of mechanical angle, and the winding directions of the corresponding position coils are opposite.

Based on this embodiment, a second specific example is provided, as shown in fig. 4, corresponding to a conventional 36-coil 40-pole slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor, as shown in fig. 3. In the embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is of an inner rotor structure, the rotor is nested in the stator, the two sets of armature windings are all fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator in a stacking mode to form two layers, and each set of armature winding occupies one layer. The corresponding phases of the two sets of armature windings are connected in series. Each set of armature winding has 36 coils, the number of rotor poles is 40, the corresponding unit motor is 9 coils and 10 poles, and the unit motor comprises 4 unit motors. The difference between the two sets of armature windings and the corresponding position coils is 45 degrees of mechanical angle, and the winding directions of the corresponding position coils are opposite.

The second embodiment is as follows: the double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two stators and a rotor which are arranged along the axial direction, wherein the rotor is positioned between the two stators, and an air gap is formed between the stators and the rotor. The rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on two air gap sides of the rotor iron core in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode, and the rotor is of a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

The stator comprises an armature core and an armature winding, the armature winding is a three-phase fractional slot concentrated winding, corresponding phases of the armature winding on the two stators are connected in series, and the armature core is in a first structure or a second structure which is respectively as follows:

the first structure: the armature core is of a slotless structure, the armature winding is of an epoxy resin encapsulation structure, the armature winding is fixed on the air gap side of the armature core, and the number of the coils of the armature winding is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2。

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the armature windings of the two stators corresponding to the corresponding positions differs by 180 °/t, if p₀When the armature windings of the two stators are wound in opposite directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions, i.e., when p is 6k +1, the armature windings of the two stators are wound in opposite directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions₀When 6k +4, then two statorsThe winding directions of the corresponding armature windings and the corresponding position coils are the same.

When Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀When the armature windings in the two stators correspond to the coils at the corresponding positions, the mechanical angle difference is 180 DEG/t when p is 6k +5₀When the armature windings of the two stators have the same winding direction of the coil corresponding to the corresponding position, p is 6k +2₀6k +5, the armature windings in the two stators have opposite winding directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions.

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +2, p₀6k +5, the armature windings in the two stators are different in mechanical angle (2 k) between the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions₁+1)×180°/[t(6k+7)]，k₁Is a positive integer and can be (2 k)₁+1) (6k +5)/(12k +14) approaches an integer, and the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the positions of the armature windings in the two stators are the same.

When Q is₀＝2p₀At-2, p₀6k +7, the armature windings in the two stators have a mechanical angle difference of 2k between the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions₂×180°/[t(6k+5)]，k₂Is a positive integer and can be 4k₂And (6k +5) approaches 1, and the armature windings in the two stators have opposite winding directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions.

The second structure: the air gap side of the armature core is provided with winding slots along the radial direction, armature windings are embedded in the winding slots, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the armature windings in the two stators is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...。

When Q is₀When it is odd, k is (Q)₀1)/2, if p₀If the number is even, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the armature windings in the two stators are the same, and if p is the same₀And if the number of the armature windings is odd, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the positions of the armature windings in the two stators are opposite.

When Q is₀When the number is even, k can be p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching to an integer if p₀(2k+1)/Q₀Approaching even number, the armature windings in the two stators correspond to the coils at the corresponding positionsIn the same winding direction, if p₀(2k+1)/Q₀And when the number of the armature windings approaches to an odd number, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions in the armature windings in the two stators are opposite.

Based on this embodiment, a third specific example is now provided, as shown in fig. 5. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes two stators and a rotor that are coaxially arranged along the axial direction, the rotor is located between the two stators, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor. Each stator includes an armature core and a set of armature windings. Winding slots are formed on the air gap side of the armature core. Each set of armature winding has 9 coils, the number of rotor poles is 8, the corresponding unit motor is 9 coils and 8 poles, and 1 unit motor is contained. The difference between the two sets of armature windings and the corresponding position coils is 180 degrees of mechanical angle, and the winding directions of the corresponding position coils are the same.

Further, in the present embodiment, when the armature core has a slotless structure, each set of armature windings includes two layers of three-phase fractional-slot concentrated windings, corresponding phases of the two layers of three-phase fractional-slot concentrated windings are connected in series and have a phase difference therebetween, and the two layers of three-phase fractional-slot concentrated windings are stacked in the axial direction on the air gap side of the armature core.

The third concrete implementation mode: the double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and two rotors which are arranged along the axial direction, wherein the stator is positioned between the two rotors, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors. The rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the air gap side of the rotor iron core in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode, and the rotor is of a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

The stator comprises an armature core and two sets of armature windings, wherein the two sets of armature windings are three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings or annular windings, the two sets of armature windings are connected in series correspondingly, and the armature core is in a first structure or a second structure and is respectively as follows:

the first structure: the armature core is of a slotless structure, the armature windings are of an epoxy resin encapsulation structure, and the two sets of armature windings are respectively fixed at two air gaps of the armature coreThe number of coils of the armature winding is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2。

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions is different by 180 degrees/t, if p is p₀When the number p is 6k +1, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite, and p is the same₀When the armature winding direction is 6k +4, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are the same.

The second structure: winding slots are formed in two air gap sides of the armature core along the radial direction of the armature core, two sets of armature windings are embedded into the winding slots on the two air gap sides respectively, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is achieved₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...。

When Q is₀When it is odd, k is (Q)₀1)/2, if p₀If the number is even, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same, and if p is the same₀And if the number of the armature windings is odd, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings at the corresponding positions are opposite.

Based on this embodiment mode, a specific example four is now provided, as shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a stator and two rotors that are coaxially arranged along the axial direction, the stator is located between the two rotors, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors. The stator includes an armature core and two sets of armature windings. Winding slots are formed on two air gap sides of the armature core. Each set of armature winding has 9 coils, the number of rotor poles is 8, the corresponding unit motor is 9 coils and 8 poles, and 1 unit motor is contained. The difference between the two sets of armature windings and the corresponding position coils is 180 degrees of mechanical angle, and the winding directions of the corresponding position coils are the same.

Based on this embodiment mode, a specific example five is now provided, as shown in fig. 7. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth specific embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the armature core is of a slotless structure, and two sets of armature windings are respectively affixed to two air gap sides of the armature core.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: the double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two stators and a rotor which are coaxially arranged along the radial direction, wherein the rotor is positioned between the two stators, and an air gap is formed between the stators and the rotor. The rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotor iron core on the air gap side in an N, S-pole alternate arrangement mode, and the rotor is of a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the armature windings of the two stators corresponding to the corresponding positions differs by 180 °/t, if p₀When the armature windings of the two stators are wound in opposite directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions, i.e., when p is 6k +1, the armature windings of the two stators are wound in opposite directions corresponding to the coils at the corresponding positions₀When the armature windings of the two stators are 6k +4, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions are the same.

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +2, p₀6k +5, the armatures in the two stators are woundThe mechanical angle phase difference (2 k) between the coils corresponding to the corresponding positions in the group₁+1)×180°/[t(6k+7)]，k₁Is a positive integer and can be (2 k)₁+1) (6k +5)/(12k +14) approaches an integer, and the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the positions of the armature windings in the two stators are the same.

The second structure: the air gap side of the armature core is provided with winding slots along the axial direction, armature windings are embedded in the winding slots, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the armature windings in the two stators is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...。

Based on this embodiment mode, a specific example six is now provided, as shown in fig. 8. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes two stators and a rotor that are coaxially stacked and nested, and the rotor is located between the inner and outer stators, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor. Each stator comprises an armature core and an armature winding, the armature winding is a three-phase fractional slot concentrated winding, corresponding phases of the armature windings on the two stators are connected in series, winding slots are formed in the air gap side of the armature core along the axial direction of the armature core, and the armature winding is embedded in the winding slots. The armature winding has 6 coils, the number of the rotor poles is 4, the corresponding unit motor is 3 coils and 2 poles, and the unit motor comprises 2 unit motors. The difference between the two sets of armature windings and the corresponding position coils is 90 degrees of mechanical angle, and the winding directions of the corresponding position coils are opposite.

Further, in the present embodiment, when the armature core has a slotless structure, each set of armature windings includes two layers of three-phase fractional-slot concentrated windings, corresponding phases of the two layers of three-phase fractional-slot concentrated windings are connected in series and have a phase difference therebetween, and the two layers of three-phase fractional-slot concentrated windings are stacked radially on the air gap side of the armature core.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: the double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and two rotors which are coaxially arranged along the radial direction, wherein the stator is positioned between the two rotors, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors. The rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotor iron core on the air gap side in an N, S-pole alternate arrangement mode, and the rotor is of a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

the first structure: the armature core is of a slotless structure, the armature windings are of an epoxy resin encapsulation structure, the two sets of armature windings are respectively fixed on two air gap sides of the armature core, and the number of the coils of the armature windings is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2。

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2The mechanical angle between the coils differs by 180 DEG/t if p₀When the number p is 6k +1, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite, and p is the same₀When the armature winding direction is 6k +4, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are the same.

The second structure: winding slots are respectively formed in two air gap sides of the armature core along the axial direction of the armature core, two sets of armature windings are respectively embedded into the winding slots on the two air gap sides, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...。

Claims

1. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor which are coaxially nested, wherein an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the rotor iron core in an N, S-pole alternate arrangement mode;

the stator is characterized by comprising an armature core and two sets of armature windings, wherein the two sets of armature windings are three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings, the armature core is of a slotless structure, the two sets of armature windings are arranged in a laminating mode along the radial direction of the armature core and are located on the air gap side of the armature core, the two sets of armature windings are correspondingly connected in series, and the number of coils of the armature windings is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2；

When Q is₀＝2p₀At +1, p₀6k +1 or p₀6k +4, k is 0,1,2, the mechanical angle between the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions is different by 180 degrees/t, if p is p₀When the number p is 6k +1, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the two sets of armature windings are opposite, and p is the same₀If the armature windings correspond to the coils at the corresponding positions, the winding directions of the two sets of armature windings are the same;

when Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀6k +5, two sets of armature windings correspond to the coil-to-coil machine between the corresponding positionsMechanical angles differing by 180 DEG/t, if p₀When the number p is 6k +2, the winding directions of the coils are the same for the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions, and p is the same₀When the armature windings are 6k +5, the winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are opposite;

2. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two stators and a rotor which are arranged along the axial direction, wherein the rotor is positioned between the two stators, an air gap is formed between the stators and the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on two air gap sides of the rotor iron core in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode;

it is characterized in that the stator comprises an armature core and an armature winding, the armature winding is a three-phase fractional slot concentrated winding, corresponding phases of the armature windings on the two stators are connected in series, the armature core is in a first structure or a second structure,

the second structure: the air gap side of the armature core is provided with winding slots along the radial direction, armature windings are embedded in the winding slots, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the armature windings in the two stators is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...，

When Q is₀When it is odd, k is (Q)₀1)/2, if p₀If the number is even, the winding directions of the coils corresponding to the armature windings in the two stators are the same, and if p is the same₀If the number of the armature windings is odd, the armature windings in the two stators correspond to corresponding positionsThe winding directions of the coil placing rings are opposite,

3. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and two rotors which are arranged in an axial direction, wherein the stator is positioned between the two rotors, an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors, the rotors comprise rotor cores and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the air gap side of the rotor cores in an N, S pole alternate arrangement mode;

it is characterized in that the stator comprises an armature core and two sets of armature windings, the two sets of armature windings are correspondingly connected in series, the armature core is in a first structure or a second structure,

when Q is₀＝2p₀When is-1, p₀6k +2 or p₀If p is equal to 6k +5, the mechanical angle difference between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is 180 degrees/t₀＝6k+2，The winding directions of the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings are the same, if p₀6k +5, the winding directions of the coils of the two sets of armature windings corresponding to the corresponding positions are opposite,

4. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises two stators and a rotor which are coaxially arranged along the radial direction, the rotor is positioned between the two stators, an air gap is formed between the stators and the rotor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the air gap side of the rotor iron core in a N, S pole alternate arrangement mode,

5. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and two rotors which are coaxially arranged along the radial direction, the stator is positioned between the two rotors, an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotors, the rotors comprise rotor cores and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the air gap side of the rotor cores in a N, S pole alternate arrangement mode,

the first structure: the armature core is of a slotless structure, and two sets of armature windings are respectively fixed on the armature coreOn the two air gap sides, the number of coils of the armature winding is Q ═ tQ₀The number of poles of the motor rotor is 2 p-2 tp₀Wherein t is a positive integer, 2p₀Is the number of poles of the unit motor, Q₀Is the number of coils of the unit motor, and Q₀＝2p₀+/-1 or Q₀＝2p₀±2，

the second structure: winding slots are respectively formed in two air gap sides of the armature core along the axial direction of the armature core, two sets of armature windings are respectively embedded into the winding slots on the two air gap sides, and the mechanical angle difference (2 k) between the coils at the corresponding positions of the two sets of armature windings is realized₁+1)×180°/Q，k＝0,1,2...，

6. The dual concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein when the armature core is of a slotless structure, each set of armature winding comprises two layers of three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings, corresponding phases of the two layers of three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings are connected in series, and phase differences are provided between the corresponding phases;

7. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3 or 5, wherein when the armature core is of a slotless structure, both sets of armature windings are three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings or annular windings.

8. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1,2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the rotor is of a surface-mounted permanent magnet structure, an embedded permanent magnet structure, or a Halbach permanent magnet array structure.

9. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous machine of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet synchronous machine is an outer rotor structure or an inner rotor structure.

10. The double concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1,2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein when the armature core has a slotless structure, the armature winding has an epoxy resin potting structure.