CN100405704C - Fractional slot winding for slow-run large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor - Google Patents

Fractional slot winding for slow-run large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100405704C
CN100405704C CNB2005100936347A CN200510093634A CN100405704C CN 100405704 C CN100405704 C CN 100405704C CN B2005100936347 A CNB2005100936347 A CN B2005100936347A CN 200510093634 A CN200510093634 A CN 200510093634A CN 100405704 C CN100405704 C CN 100405704C
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winding
permanent
slot
magnet brushless
brushless motor
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CN1925270A (en
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王玉国
贾敬东
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Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan High Tech Co Ltd
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Beijing Zhong Ke San Huan High Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

This invention relates to permanent magnetic brushless motor division slot winding, which is imbedded into stator iron chip tank relative to the above N, S electrodes by alternating distribution with one tank distance and double layers of rolling and the magnetic electrode number and iron chip tank number Z and phase number M and distribution Q meet the following constraints: a, when q is odd, then Z=Q*M*K and P=Z+-K; b, q is even, then Z=Q*M*K and P=Z+-2K.

Description

The fractional slot winding of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor
Technical field
The invention belongs to the permanent magnetic brushless technical field, specifically, the winding pitch that the present invention relates to polyphase multipolar in the permanent magnetic brushless is the fractional slot winding of 1 slot pitch.
Background technology
Brushless electric machine is a kind of Novel DC motor that grows up along with developing rapidly of electronic technology nineteen fifties, range of application is more and more wider, not only be confined to miniature high-speed drive motors field, in the direct drive system of middle-size and small-size low speed high torque, also appear its good characteristic.The winding of brushless electric machine adopts the three-phase star winding usually, minimum number of magnetic poles is 2 utmost points, corresponding groove number is minimum to be 6 grooves, if 4 utmost points, then be 12 grooves or the like, be normally 3 (numbers of phases) times (Ye Jinhu etc.: " brushless DC motor ", Science Press's (front page) 1982.1, pp 17-20) of magnetic pole of groove number; In the low-speed brushless motor system, most multi-polar structure or polyphase multipolar structures of adopting realize the big stably torque output of low speed.But along with the increase of the magnetic pole and the number of phases, the number of slots of certain size just increases several times, is subjected to the restriction of mechanical technology, and the magnetic pole and the number of phases can not be too much, so the characteristic of low speed high torque is subjected to certain restriction.Because the process complexity of traditional fractional slot winding, and the long-range and number of magnetic poles of groove number, so the fractional slot winding majority adopts in large-sized water turbine generator and in the alternating current machine of special purpose, most motors do not adopt.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of winding pitch that is applied in the brushless electric machine is the fractional slot winding of 1 slot pitch, and this fractional slot winding can realize that the groove number is close with number of magnetic poles, can be applicable in the low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor.
For achieving the above object, the fractional slot winding of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor provided by the invention, the coil of this winding embeds in stator core slot, corresponding with the magnetic pole that N, the S utmost point on the rotor are alternately arranged, the pitch of described winding is 1 slot pitch, double-deck lap wound, distribution Q series connection winding constitutes a phase winding in a facies tract, and other phase windings circulate successively by the motor phase sequence and arrange; It is characterized in that number of magnetic poles P and iron core slot are counted Z and number of phases M and Q and satisfied following condition:
1) when Q is odd number, iron core slot is counted Z=Q * M * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± K; Wherein Q=1,3,5,7,9 ..., number of phases M=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ..., K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5,
2) when Q is even number, iron core slot is counted Z=Q * M * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± 2K; Wherein Q=2,4,6,8,10 ..., number of phases M=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ..., K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ...
In the technique scheme, described magnetic pole is the magnetic pole that Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material is made, and the permanent magnetism magnetic pole rotor can be internal rotor, external rotor or end face rotor.
In the technique scheme, the fractional slot winding of described low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor, the structure of stator core can be groove structure or slotless configuration.
In the technique scheme, the fractional slot winding of described low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor can be installed in permanent magnet brushless electromotor or the permanent-magnet brushless generator.
The present invention can be suitable for the low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor of various sizes and power grade.Because coil span is 1 slot pitch, the tip lengths of motor windings can significantly shorten, and promptly can save winding material (simultaneously because motor shaft not only can be saved structural material to contraction in length etc.) but also energy-conservation (reducing motor copper loss and supplementary load loss); Simultaneously the manufacture craft of winding is simple, can directly manual embedding around or coil inserting apparatus rule automatically, suitable mass industrialized production.For the permanent magnetic brushless of certain size, along with increasing of permanent magnetism magnetic pole, can make the close reduction of conductive magnetic yoke magnetic, reduced and used the iron amount, make motor weight saving; Radius of curvature to a watt type (internal rotor, external rotor magnet) permanent magnet strengthens simultaneously, and available cuboid replaces, and has reduced the processing cost of permanent magnet.
Description of drawings
Three-phase developed winding diagram when Fig. 1 is distribution number Q=1
The rule of arranging of winding is among the figure: groove is counted Z=Q * M * K, and (M represents that the number of phases is M=3, K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5,6 ...) be 3,6,9,12,15,18 ... the time, then number of magnetic poles P=Z ± K value is 2,4,6,8,10,12 ... (when getting "-", be short distance), or value is 4,8,12,16,20,24 ... (when getting "+", being long distance)
Three-phase developed winding diagram when Fig. 2 is distribution number Q=2
The rule of arranging of winding is among the figure: groove is counted Z=Q * M * K, and (M represents that the number of phases is M=3, K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5,6 ...) be 6,12,18,24,30,36 ... the time, then number of magnetic poles P=Z ± 2K value is 4,8,12,16,20,24 ... (when getting "-", be short distance), or value is 8,16,24,32,40,48 ... (when getting "+", being long distance)
Three-phase developed winding diagram when Fig. 3 is distribution number Q=3
The rule of arranging of winding is among the figure: groove is counted Z=Q * M * K, and (M represents that the number of phases is M=3, K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5,6 ...) be 9,18,27,36,45,54 ... the time, then number of magnetic poles P=Z ± K value is 8,16,24,32,40,48 ... (when getting "-", be short distance), or value is 10,20,30,40,50,60 ... (when getting "+", being long distance)
Three-phase developed winding diagram when Fig. 4 is distribution number Q=4
The rule of arranging of winding is among the figure: groove is counted Z=Q * M * K, and (M represents that the number of phases is M=3, K is a natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ...) be 12,24,36,48,60 ... the time, then number of magnetic poles P=Z ± 2K value is 10,20,30,40,50 ... (when getting "-", be short distance), or value is 14,28,42,56,70 ... (when getting "+", being long distance)
Fig. 5 is electric automobile hub motor partial structurtes figure
Fig. 6 is the partial structurtes figure of permanent-magnetic wind driven generator
Fig. 7 small-power permanent magnetism slotless end face (plane) rotor brushless motor windings schematic surface
Embodiment
Be example rule that permanent magnetism magnetic pole number of the present invention (P) and iron core slot number (Z) and the number of phases (M) and distribution number (Q) are described (polyphase machine and the like) with modal three-phase (being M=3) brushless electric machine below:
When distribution number Q be odd number 1,3,5,7,9 ... the time, the iron core slot of motor is counted Z=M * Q * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± K, wherein K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ..., be long during number of magnetic poles P=Z+K apart from winding, during P=Z-K the short distance winding.
After M, Q value were determined, groove number and number of poles distributed according to certain rules, and the form with form provides several examples below.Be M=3 in the table 1, the groove number during Q=1 and the relation of number of poles are M=3 in the table 2, and the groove number during Q=3 and the relation of number of poles are M=3 in the table 3, the groove number during Q=5 and the relation of number of poles.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
In like manner, work as M=3, Q=7,9 ... the time, analogize the relation that can obtain corresponding groove number and number of poles with 3 above-mentioned examples.
When distribution number Q be even number 2,4,6,8,10 ... the time, the iron core slot of motor is counted Z=M * Q * K, and number of magnetic poles P=Z ± 2K is long apart from winding during number of magnetic poles P=Z+2K, is the short distance winding during P=Z-2K.
After M, Q value determined, groove number and number of poles distributed according to certain rules, below same form with form provide several examples.Be M=3 in the table 4, the groove number during Q=2 and the relation of number of poles are M=3 in the table 5, the groove number during Q=4 and the relation of number of poles.
Table 4
Table 5
In like manner, work as M=3, Q=6,8 ... the time, analogize the relation that can obtain corresponding groove number and number of poles with above-mentioned 2 examples.
Fig. 1,2,3,4 is the expanded view under the different parameters of three-phase (during M=3) winding, in like manner can draw two-phase (M=2), four phases (M=4), five phases (M=5) or the like a series of developed winding diagram, designing requirement according to motor, adopt cooperating of different groove numbers and number of poles, reach best design effect.For the brushless electric machine of slotless configuration, the groove rapid pulse indicating deficiency syndrome groove number in the literary composition.
Embodiment 1
The fractional slot winding of electric vehicle wheel hub motor
Fig. 5 is hub motor for electric automobile partial structurtes schematic diagrames, wherein fractional slot winding form and connection are with reference to Fig. 3 and table 2, the coil of this winding embeds in stator core slot, corresponding with the magnetic pole that N, the S utmost point on the rotor are alternately arranged, the winding pitch of described winding is 1 slot pitch, double-deck lap wound, 3 (being distribution number Q=3) series connection winding that distributes in a facies tract constitutes a phase winding, and other phase windings circulate successively by the motor phase sequence and arrange.
Number of magnetic poles P in the present embodiment and iron core slot are counted Z and number of phases M and distribution number Q and are satisfied condition 1) when distribution number Q was odd number, iron core slot was counted Z=Q * M * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± K; Wherein Q=1,3,5,7,9 ..., number of phases M=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ..., K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ...
With reference to figure 5, inner-stator iron core 3 adopts the folded system of dynamo steel sheet to form in the present embodiment, is evenly distributed with 72 grooves on its periphery.Permanent magnetism magnetic pole 2 adopts neodymium iron boron cuboid magnet steel, and N, S magnetic pole are alternately uniform, and magnetic pole adds up to 64.External rotor casing 1 adopts permeability magnetic material to make.Motor in the present embodiment is the brushless, permanently excited direct current motor that external rotor has the groove structure, the fractional slot winding that three-phase is multipole, and the direct drive wheels of low speed high torque, maximum power can reach 20kW, voltage: 400V, rotating speed 800rpm, overload capacity 3-5 are doubly.
Embodiment 2
The fractional slot winding of wind-driven generator
Fig. 6 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of permanent-magnetic wind driven generator, fractional slot winding form and connection are with reference to Fig. 4 and table 5, the coil of this winding embeds in stator core slot, corresponding with the magnetic pole that N, the S utmost point on the rotor are alternately arranged, the winding pitch of described winding is 1 slot pitch, double-deck lap wound, 4 (being distribution number Q=4) series connection winding that distributes in a facies tract constitutes a phase winding, and other phase windings circulate successively by the motor phase sequence and arrange.
Number of magnetic poles P in the present embodiment and iron core slot are counted Z and number of phases M and distribution number Q and are satisfied condition 2) when distribution number Q was even number, iron core slot was counted Z=Q * M * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± 2K; Wherein Q=2,4,6,8,9 ..., number of phases M=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ..., K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ...
As shown in Figure 6, the inner-stator iron core 3 in the present embodiment adopts the folded system of dynamo steel sheet to form, and is evenly distributed with 108 grooves on its periphery.Permanent magnetism magnetic pole 2 adopts neodymium iron boron cuboid magnet steel, and N, S magnetic pole are alternately uniform, and magnetic pole adds up to 90.External rotor casing 1 adopts permeability magnetic material to make.Generator in the present embodiment is the external rotor permanent magnet brushless wind power generating machine that the groove structure is arranged, and the fractional slot winding that three-phase is multipole, low speed directly drive flabellum, power 1-500kW, rotating speed 100rpm.
Two class external rotor electric machines (motor, generator) among embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 also are easy to realize conventional inner rotor core or slotless configuration, and this is that the technical staff of this professional domain understands easily.
Embodiment 3
Small-power permanent magnetism slotless end face (plane) rotor brushless motor
Fig. 7 small-power permanent magnetism slotless end face (plane) rotor brushless motor windings schematic surface, fractional slot winding form and connection are with reference to Fig. 3 and table 2, inner-stator iron core 3 adopts permeability magnetic material to make (collar plate shape), bonding motor windings on the slotless end face, 36 equal portions evenly distribute on its disk end face, i.e. 36 empty grooves 4, every equal portions have the double-deck winding that distributes.Permanent magnetism magnetic pole 2 adopts neodymium iron boron fan type magnet steel, and N, S magnetic pole are alternately uniform, and magnetic pole adds up to 32, constitutes the rotor part of motor with the bonding permeability magnetic material of magnet steel covering of the fan.This power of motor 500W, the slotless planar structure, empty groove is counted Z=36, number of poles P=32, three-phase low speed large torque dc brushless motor.

Claims (5)

1. the fractional slot winding of a low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor, the coil of this winding embeds in stator core slot, corresponding with the magnetic pole that N, the S utmost point on the rotor are alternately arranged, the winding pitch of described winding is 1 slot pitch, double-deck lap wound, distribution Q series connection winding constitutes a phase winding in a facies tract, and other phase windings circulate successively by the motor phase sequence and arrange; It is characterized in that number of magnetic poles P, iron core slot are counted and satisfied following condition between Z, number of phases M and the Q:
1) when Q is odd number, iron core slot is counted Z=Q * M * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± K; Wherein Q=1,3,5,7,9 ..., number of phases M=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ..., K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5,
2) when Q is even number, iron core slot is counted Z=Q * M * K, number of magnetic poles P=Z ± 2K; Wherein Q=2,4,6,8,10 ..., number of phases M=2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ..., K be natural number 1,2,3,4,5 ...
2. by the fractional slot winding of the described low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described magnetic pole is the magnetic pole that permanent magnetic material is made, the permanent magnetism magnetic pole rotor is internal rotor, external rotor or end face rotor.
3. by the fractional slot winding of the described low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor of claim 2, it is characterized in that described permanent magnetic material is a Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material.
4. by the fractional slot winding of the described low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that the structure of described stator core is for there being the groove structure.
5. by the fractional slot winding of the described low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described fractional slot winding is installed in permanent magnet brushless electromotor or the permanent-magnet brushless generator.
CNB2005100936347A 2005-08-31 2005-08-31 Fractional slot winding for slow-run large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor Active CN100405704C (en)

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009055957A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Shenzhen Academy Of Aerospace Technology A disc-type three phases brushless permanent magnet dc motor
WO2009149596A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-17 深圳航天科技创新研究院 Exercising apparatus for two people
CN102097880A (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-15 刘荣坤 Improved winding of motor
CN101984540B (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-07-18 泰豪科技股份有限公司 Mixed concentric single and two-layer winding for servo permanent magnet synchronous motor

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2377762Y (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-05-10 万德鸿 Mechanoelectric integrated permanent-magnet brushless electric machine
US20020167242A1 (en) * 2001-05-08 2002-11-14 Buyun Liu Fractional-slot winding motor
CN1409461A (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-09 清华泰豪科技股份有限公司 Proper faction groove sinusoidal winding of equidistant synchronous generator
CN1601854A (en) * 2004-10-26 2005-03-30 泰豪科技股份有限公司 Three-phase lap winding having fractional slot and fractional turn
CN2713714Y (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-07-27 万德鸿 Modularized iron core permanent-magnet motor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2377762Y (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-05-10 万德鸿 Mechanoelectric integrated permanent-magnet brushless electric machine
US20020167242A1 (en) * 2001-05-08 2002-11-14 Buyun Liu Fractional-slot winding motor
CN1409461A (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-09 清华泰豪科技股份有限公司 Proper faction groove sinusoidal winding of equidistant synchronous generator
CN2713714Y (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-07-27 万德鸿 Modularized iron core permanent-magnet motor
CN1601854A (en) * 2004-10-26 2005-03-30 泰豪科技股份有限公司 Three-phase lap winding having fractional slot and fractional turn

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Assignee: Tianjin Sanhuan Lucky New Materials Inc.

Assignor: Beijing Zhongke Sanhuan High-Tech Co., Ltd.

Contract fulfillment period: 2008.12.16 to 2013.12.15 contract change

Contract record no.: 2009990001025

Denomination of invention: Fractional slot winding for slow-run large torque moment permanent-magnet brushless motor

Granted publication date: 20080723

License type: Exclusive license

Record date: 2009.9.15

LIC Patent licence contract for exploitation submitted for record

Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2008.12.16 TO 2013.12.15; CHANGE OF CONTRACT

Name of requester: TIANJIN SANHUAN LEXI NEW MATERIALS CO., LTD.

Effective date: 20090915