CN210350986U - Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor - Google Patents
Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN210350986U CN210350986U CN201921838224.4U CN201921838224U CN210350986U CN 210350986 U CN210350986 U CN 210350986U CN 201921838224 U CN201921838224 U CN 201921838224U CN 210350986 U CN210350986 U CN 210350986U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor, which comprises a rotating shaft, a reluctance rotor, a stator and a permanent magnet rotor from inside to outside in sequence, wherein the stator is uniformly provided with stator slots inside and outside and is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor; the d axis is defined as the central line of a permanent magnet rotor ferrite, the q axis is defined as the central line of a magnetic resistance rotor salient pole, and the installation angle of the two rotors on the rotating shaft is defined as the included angle between the d axis and the q axis; the mounting angle between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor is adjusted to change the superposition mechanism of the torque components, so that the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque reach the maximum value at the same current phase angle. On the premise of not increasing the mechanical manufacturing and cooling difficulty of the motor, the electromagnetic properties such as electromagnetic torque, power density, efficiency, torque ripple inhibition and the like are comprehensively improved, and the rotor is flexible in structural design, simple in processing technology and high in mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the electrical equipment field especially relates to a birotor permanent magnetism synchronous reluctance motor.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Permanent magnet motors are widely used in various fields due to their high torque density, high efficiency, and other characteristics. However, rare earth permanent magnet materials have problems of high price and limited supply, which brings great challenges to the development of permanent magnet motors. Therefore, it is imperative to develop high performance electric machines with fewer or zero rare earth permanent magnets.
Synchronous reluctance machines are considered as an alternative option because they do not use permanent magnets, the rotor structure is robust and low cost, but it reduces torque density, efficiency and power factor compared to permanent magnet machines. In order to improve the performance of the synchronous reluctance motor, a rotor magnetic barrier of the synchronous reluctance motor can be inserted with a proper amount of permanent magnets, so that a permanent magnet auxiliary type synchronous reluctance motor is researched. In particular, permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance with ferrite assistance is attractive due to its low cost, high torque density and wide speed regulation range.
However, researchers have also found that the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor has some disadvantages, in which the total torque is divided into two parts, permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque, which reach their respective maximum values at different current phase angles, theoretically by 45 °, as shown in fig. 1. Therefore, the total torque cannot be obtained by sufficiently utilizing the two torque components. So asymmetric permanent magnet and asymmetric magnetic isolation bridge designs are applied to these motors to further improve the performance of the motor by maximizing permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque at the same current phase angle. However, these machines are not only complicated in structure, but also have weak air gap flux density and high harmonics, resulting in low permanent magnet torque and high torque ripple. Furthermore, the inserted permanent magnets worsen the stress conditions of the magnetic isolation bridge ribs and limit the magnetic isolation bridge design at a relatively low significant ratio.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For overcoming the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a birotor permanent magnetism synchronous reluctance motor is under the prerequisite that does not increase motor machine manufacturing and the cooling degree of difficulty, promotes electromagnetic torque and power density, efficiency and suppresses the electromagnetic properties such as torque ripple comprehensively.
In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a double-rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor,
the permanent magnet motor comprises a rotating shaft, a reluctance rotor, a stator and a permanent magnet rotor which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence, wherein stator slots are uniformly formed in the stator, and the stator is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor;
the d axis is defined as the central line of a permanent magnet rotor ferrite, the q axis is defined as the central line of a magnetic resistance rotor salient pole, and the installation angle of the two rotors on the rotating shaft is defined as the included angle between the d axis and the q axis;
the mounting angle between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor is adjusted to change the superposition mechanism of the torque components, so that the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque reach the maximum value at the same current phase angle.
According to a further technical scheme, the stator comprises a stator core and stator windings, slots are formed in the inner surface and the outer surface of the stator core, the distance and the width of each slot are the same, and the stator windings are placed in the slots and wound on a stator yoke.
According to a further technical scheme, the permanent magnet rotor comprises a permanent magnet rotor iron core and permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are identical in specification and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the permanent magnets are magnetized in the radial direction, inwards or outwards, and the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.
According to the technical scheme, the inner rotor is only composed of a reluctance rotor core and is provided with a plurality of salient pole structures, and each salient pole structure is identical and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Or the inner rotor consists of a reluctance rotor core and a U-shaped magnetic isolation bridge, and adopts a multi-pole structure, and each pole has the same structure and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
every utmost point structure is the same and equidistant setting on the direction of rotation, and the magnetism isolating bridge extends along the pivot direction, and every utmost point adopts four layers magnetism isolating bridge structure, and every layer magnetism isolating bridge sets up from pivot to reluctance rotor edge layer by layer, and magnetism isolating bridge reduces from the pivot from inside to outside gradually, and the magnetism isolating bridge of innermost is the biggest, is wrapping up outside magnetism isolating bridge.
In a further technical scheme, an inner air gap layer is arranged between the reluctance rotor and the inner wall of the stator; and an outer air gap is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the outer wall of the stator.
According to the further technical scheme, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is the same as the inner diameter of the outer rotor, the permanent magnets are attached together, and the six permanent magnets are the same in size and distributed at equal intervals to form the surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor.
According to the further technical scheme, the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor are mounted on the rotating shaft together for output, and the stator and rotor iron cores are all made of silicon steel sheets and are formed by laminating along the rotating shaft direction.
In a further technical scheme, the permanent magnet is made of low-cost ferrite.
The utility model discloses a configuration method of birotor permanent magnetism synchronous reluctance motor, include:
defining a d axis as a central line of a permanent magnet rotor ferrite, defining a q axis as a central line of a magnetic resistance rotor salient pole, and defining the installation angle of the two rotors on a rotating shaft as an included angle between the d axis and the q axis;
the mounting angle between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor is adjusted to change the superposition mechanism of the torque components, so that the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque reach the maximum value at the same current phase angle.
The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
(1) this openly adopts the single stator structure of birotor, and the inside and outside fluting of stator is located two rotors, has improved the torque density and the material utilization ratio of motor greatly to can reduce the volume and the weight of motor by a wide margin under equal power, this motor still has outstanding advantages such as the structure is reliable, with low costs, efficient. Meanwhile, the motor realizes the decoupling of the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque, so that the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor are relatively independent, the problems of more design parameters and high optimization difficulty of the traditional permanent magnet auxiliary type synchronous reluctance motor are solved, and the design mode is more flexible.
(2) The permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor of the motor are radially configured through special combined angles, a torque superposition mechanism can be changed, so that the maximum values of the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque can be superposed at the same current phase angle, two torque components of the motor are fully utilized, the electromagnetic torque is obviously improved, and further the overall performances such as the efficiency of the motor are greatly improved.
(3) The permanent magnet rotor adopts a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor, has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing technology, low manufacturing cost, less magnetic leakage and the like, and simultaneously, the permanent magnet adopts a ferrite design with high magnetic conductivity, low loss and high temperature demagnetization resistance, thereby having remarkable effect on reducing the cost and the loss of the motor.
(4) The reluctance rotor has simple structure, higher mechanical strength and higher reluctance torque, can effectively reduce the using amount of the permanent magnet of the motor by matching with the permanent magnet motor, and has obvious effects on the aspects of saving the material cost of the motor, reducing the loss of the iron core and the magnet and the like. Meanwhile, the reluctance rotor with the salient pole structure can effectively reduce torque pulsation and enhance mechanical strength, and has simple structure and easy processing and manufacturing; the magnetic resistance rotor adopting the U-shaped magnetic isolation bridge has higher salient pole ratio, which is beneficial to improving the magnetic resistance torque of the motor and further improving the total torque of the motor.
(5) The motor mainly comprises an outer rotor, an inner rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is positioned between the inner rotor and the outer rotor, the outer rotor is a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor, the inner rotor is a reluctance rotor, and the two rotors are used for outputting the same shaft. Through integrating multiple performance promotion techniques, especially through the design of two rotor combination configuration angles, make permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque reach the maximum value in the same current phase angle department, like figure 2, make full use of two parts of torques, under the prerequisite that does not increase motor machine manufacturing and cooling degree of difficulty, promote electromagnetism torque and power density, efficiency and restrain the electromagnetic properties such as torque ripple comprehensively, rotor structural design is nimble moreover, processing technology is simple, mechanical strength is high.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a torque superposition relationship of a conventional permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor;
FIG. 2 is a torque overlay relationship diagram for a motor according to the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electric machine of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a one-third block diagram of the electric machine of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of motor torque as a function of installation angle for the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a plot of motor torque versus current phase angle for the present disclosure;
in the figure: 1. a permanent magnet rotor; 2. a permanent magnet rotor core; 3. a permanent magnet; 4. a stator; 5. a stator core; 6. a stator winding; 7. a stator slot; 8. a reluctance rotor; 9. an outer air gap; 10. an inner air gap; 11. a reluctance rotor core; 12. a rotating shaft; 13. and a magnetic isolation bridge.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the case of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
The utility model provides an overall thought:
the motor mainly comprises an outer rotor, an inner rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is arranged between the outer rotor and the inner rotor; the inner rotor and the outer rotor are radially configured through a combined angle, so that the maximum values of the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque can be superposed at the same current phase angle, two torque components of the motor are fully utilized, and the total torque, the efficiency and the power factor of the motor are improved.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a double-rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor which mainly comprises an outer rotor permanent magnet rotor 1, an inner rotor reluctance rotor 8 and a stator 4. Stator slots 7 are uniformly formed inside and outside the stator 4, and the stator 4 is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor 1 and the reluctance rotor 8.
The stator 4 comprises a stator core 5 and stator windings 6, the inner surface and the outer surface of the stator core 5 are provided with slots, the number of the slots 7 is 36, the distance and the width of each slot are the same, and the stator windings 6 are placed in the slots and wound on a stator yoke, so that the working surface area and the slot filling factor of the stator core are improved.
The outer rotor permanent magnet rotor 1 comprises a permanent magnet rotor iron core 2 and permanent magnets 3, the permanent magnets 3 are the same in specification and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnets are tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer rotor iron core to form a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor; the permanent magnets 3 are magnetized in the radial direction, inwards or outwards, and the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.
The inner rotor is a reluctance rotor 8, and as an alternative embodiment, the inner rotor is only composed of a reluctance rotor core 11 and is provided with six salient pole structures, and each salient pole structure is identical and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Or, the inner rotor is composed of a reluctance rotor core 11 and a U-shaped magnetic isolation bridge 13, and a six-pole structure is also adopted, and each pole structure is the same and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the rotating shaft 12, the reluctance rotor 8, the stator 4, and the permanent magnet rotor 1 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; an inner air gap 10 is arranged between the reluctance rotor 8 and the inner wall of the stator 4; an outer air gap 9 is arranged between the outer walls of the permanent magnet rotor 1 and the stator 4; the stator winding 6 is wound on the stator core 5; the reluctance rotor 8 and the permanent magnet rotor 1 are jointly mounted on a rotary shaft 12 for joint output. The thickness of the inner and outer air gaps is related to the power class of the motor, the chosen permanent magnet material and the processing and assembly processes of the reluctance rotor 8, the stator 4 and the permanent magnet rotor 1.
The utility model has the advantages of two rotors, stator are in the middle of two rotors, therefore have two air gaps, a reluctance rotor and a permanent magnet rotor, can compromise synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet machine, and adopt low-cost ferrite can reach traditional permanent magnet machine's power density.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the stator is composed of a stator core 5 and a stator winding 6, 36 stator slots are uniformly distributed inside and outside the stator core 5, the width of each stator slot is the same, and the 36 inside and outside stator slots are wound with the stator winding. In fig. 4, "+" indicates the direction of the stator winding 6, "-" indicates the direction of the stator winding 6, and A, B, C indicates the three-phase armature winding of the motor.
The permanent magnet rotor 1 is composed of an outer rotor iron core 2 and permanent magnets 3, the permanent magnets are low-cost ferrites, the outer diameter of each permanent magnet 3 is the same as the inner diameter of the outer rotor 1 and are tightly attached together, the six permanent magnets are the same in size and are distributed at equal intervals to form a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor, the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets 3 are radial magnetizing, inwards or outwards, and the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 3 are opposite.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the reluctance rotor 8 of the present disclosure is formed by only the rotor core 11, and may have a six-pole structure, or may have more poles, but the configuration of each pole is required to be the same as the following configuration: the six salient poles have the same structure and are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction to form the reluctance rotor, the reluctance rotor is simple in structure and easy to process, torque pulsation can be effectively reduced, mechanical strength is enhanced, and stable, efficient and reliable operation of the motor is guaranteed.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 3, the reluctance rotor 8 may adopt a U-shaped magnetic isolation bridge structure, a six-pole structure, or more magnetic poles, but it is required that the configuration of each magnetic pole is the same as the following configuration of magnetic poles: each pole has the same structure and is arranged at equal intervals in the rotating direction, and the magnetic isolation bridge 13 extends along the rotating shaft direction. Each pole adopts four layers of magnetic isolation bridges 13, each layer of magnetic isolation bridges 13 are arranged layer by layer from the rotating shaft 12 to the edge of the reluctance rotor 8, the magnetic isolation bridges 13 are gradually reduced from the rotating shaft 12 from inside to outside, the innermost magnetic isolation bridge is the largest, and the outer magnetic isolation bridge can be wrapped. The U-shaped magnetic isolation bridge reluctance rotor has a higher salient pole ratio, can generate higher reluctance torque, and further improves the total torque of the motor.
The permanent magnet rotor 1 and the reluctance rotor 8 are jointly installed on the rotating shaft 12 for output, and the stator and rotor iron cores are all made of silicon steel sheets and are formed by laminating along the rotating shaft direction, so that the permanent magnet rotor is easy to process. The permanent magnet is made of low-cost ferrite permanent magnet material.
Example II
The embodiment discloses a configuration method of a birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor, the disclosed structure keeps circumferential symmetry, a d axis is defined as a central line of permanent magnet rotor ferrite, a q axis is defined as a central line of a reluctance rotor salient pole, and as shown in fig. 4, an installation angle theta of two rotors on a rotating shaft 12 is defined as an included angle between the d axis and the q axis.
The present disclosure changes the superposition mechanism of the torque components by designing the installation angle θ between the permanent magnet rotor 1 and the reluctance rotor 8, so that the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque reach their maximum values at almost the same current phase angle, the total torque is improved, and the motor performance is further improved.
The included angle between the d-axis and the q-axis is defined as the installation angle of the two rotors, and the torque superposition relationship is changed by changing the installation angle, so that the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque reach the maximum value under the same current phase angle, as shown in figure 2.
Theoretically, the two torques reach the maximum value at the same current phase angle, but due to the influence of magnetic leakage and local saturation, the current phase angles of the two torques reaching the maximum value are within 5 degrees, the relationship between the torques and the current phase angles is shown in FIG. 6, and the relationship between the torques and the installation angles is shown in FIG. 5.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the variation of torque with the installation angle, curve 1 is total torque, curve 2 is reluctance torque, and curve 3 is permanent magnet torque. As can be seen, the torque utilization is maximized at an installation angle of about 15 °.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the torque variation with the current phase angle with the installation angle kept constant after the installation angle is determined, curve 4 is the total torque, curve 5 is the reluctance torque, and curve 6 is the permanent magnet torque. As can be seen from the figure, the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque almost reach the maximum value at the same current phase angle, so that the electromagnetic torque of the motor is obviously improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor is characterized by comprising a rotating shaft, a reluctance rotor, a stator and a permanent magnet rotor which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence, wherein stator slots are uniformly formed in the stator from inside to outside, and the stator is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor;
the d axis is defined as the central line of a permanent magnet rotor ferrite, the q axis is defined as the central line of a magnetic resistance rotor salient pole, and the installation angle of the two rotors on the rotating shaft is defined as the included angle between the d axis and the q axis;
the mounting angle between the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor is adjusted to change the superposition mechanism of the torque components, so that the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque reach the maximum value at the same current phase angle.
2. The dual rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator core has slots on both inner and outer surfaces thereof, each slot has the same pitch and width, and the stator winding is placed in the slot and wound on the stator yoke.
3. The dual rotor PMSM of claim 1, wherein said PMSM includes a PMSM core and permanent magnets of the same size and uniformly distributed circumferentially, the permanent magnets being radially magnetized inwardly or outwardly with the direction of magnetization of adjacent permanent magnets being opposite.
4. The dual rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine of claim 1 wherein the reluctance rotor is formed only of a reluctance rotor core with a plurality of salient pole structures, each salient pole structure being identical and uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction.
5. The dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor of claim 1, wherein the reluctance rotor is composed of a reluctance rotor core and a U-shaped magnetic isolation bridge, and adopts a multi-pole structure, and each pole structure is the same and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
every utmost point structure is the same and equidistant setting on the direction of rotation, and the magnetism isolating bridge extends along the pivot direction, and every utmost point adopts four layers magnetism isolating bridge structure, and every layer magnetism isolating bridge sets up from pivot to reluctance rotor edge layer by layer, and magnetism isolating bridge reduces from the pivot from inside to outside gradually, and the magnetism isolating bridge of innermost is the biggest, is wrapping up outside magnetism isolating bridge.
6. The dual rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine of claim 1 wherein an inner air gap is formed between the reluctance rotor and the inner wall of the stator; and an outer air gap is arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the outer wall of the stator.
7. The dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor of claim 3, wherein the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is the same as the inner diameter of the outer rotor, and the six permanent magnets are bonded together, have the same size and are distributed at equal intervals to form a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor.
8. The dual-rotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet rotor and reluctance rotor are installed together on the rotating shaft for output, and the stator and rotor cores are made of silicon steel sheets laminated in the direction of the rotating shaft.
9. The dual rotor PMSM of claim 3, wherein said permanent magnets are low cost ferrites.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921838224.4U CN210350986U (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921838224.4U CN210350986U (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210350986U true CN210350986U (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921838224.4U Withdrawn - After Issue CN210350986U (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110601481A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-20 | 山东大学 | Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor and configuration method |
| CN113141142A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-20 | 山东大学 | Double-three-phase closed-loop control method and system for double-three-phase permanent magnet motor |
-
2019
- 2019-10-25 CN CN201921838224.4U patent/CN210350986U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110601481A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-20 | 山东大学 | Birotor permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor and configuration method |
| CN113141142A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-20 | 山东大学 | Double-three-phase closed-loop control method and system for double-three-phase permanent magnet motor |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20200417 Effective date of abandoning: 20221027 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20200417 Effective date of abandoning: 20221027 |