CN113292993B - 一种油溶性碳点的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明发光纳米材料领域,尤其涉及碳量子点,具体涉及一种油溶性碳点的制备方法及其应用。将柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽混合,在200‑240℃的条件下加热14‑17分钟后加入油胺继续加热3‑10min,待反应体系自然冷却后,加入二甲基亚砜,将上述溶液干燥后得到目标产物,将所述的荧光碳量子点用于土霉素的检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明发光纳米材料领域,尤其涉及碳量子点,具体涉及一种油溶性碳点的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
碳点作为一种新型含碳纳米粒子,核心是以sp2杂化碳原子为主的碳纳米颗粒,C、H、O和N等是其主要元素,由于其独特的性质,碳点自2004年被发现以来就成为了纳米材料研究方面的重点,现有研究工作主要集中于两个方面:如何以更简单便捷的方式制备碳点以及如何有效利用其荧光特性对包括环境污染物在内的物质进行检测。由于碳点、碳量子点、石墨烯量子点等结构类似,均具有光致发光特性,因此将之归类于碳点。与传统的镉基、硅基量子点相比,碳点具有更优良的光学特性,且其原材料易得,如葡萄糖、蔗糖等均可作为碳源。此外,发射波长可“调谐”是碳点光致发光性质最大的特色,其荧光发射波长的范围十分宽广(从可见光区到近红外区)。碳点克服了传统量子点的缺点,能更好的应用于生物成像、环境检测及药物载体等领域。
以CA为前驱体合成GQDs主要是通过CA的热裂解实现的,加入如乙二胺、氨水、氨基酸、硫脲等物质作为另一种前驱体可以实现GQDs的掺杂修饰,合成各种各样的功能化GQDs。CN109054820A提出了将柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽置于高温的油性溶剂中进行反应制备碳点的方法,该专利首先对油性溶剂进行加热,之后加入柠檬酸与谷胱甘肽,相比于本专利,实验方法不同所合成的碳点亦存在差异。迄今为止,以CA为前驱体制备的GQDs已经应用于药物靶向递送、癌症治疗、生物成像、传感器的制造、化学物质的含量检测等多种领域,具有很好的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种油溶性碳点的制备方法,并建立一种操作简单、设备简易、原料低廉和绿色环保的制备方法;以及将所述的荧光碳量子点用于土霉素的检测。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用了下列技术方案:
一种油溶性碳点的制备方法,,包括以下步骤:
将柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽混合,在200-240℃的条件下加热14-17分钟后加入油胺继续加热3-10min,待反应体系自然冷却后,加入二甲基亚砜,将上述溶液干燥后得到目标产物。
进一步,所述柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽的质量比为1.75:0.35-0.55。
再进一步,所述柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽的质量比为1.75:0.35。
进一步,所述加热的温度为200℃,时间为14分钟。
一种上述方法所制备的油溶性碳点的应用,应用于土霉素的检测。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下优点:
本发明水溶性碳点原料易得,制备方法简单、反应时间短,不需要进行钝化处理,且所制备的碳点量子产率高,水溶性好。
总之,本发明操作简单,原料易得,对制备条件要求低,可大规模生产,解决了现有碳量子点无法规模化生产的弊端。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备的油溶性碳点的紫外吸收光谱及荧光发射光谱,油溶性CDs在340nm处有吸收峰,其最大激发波长为375nm,最大发射波长为440nm;
图2为实施例1制备的油溶性碳点荧光发射曲线随激发波长变化的光谱图,在不同的激发波长激发下,油溶性CDs的发射峰位置基本不发生改变,表明油溶性CDs的发射波长独立于激发波长;
图3为实施例1制备的油溶性碳点的红外光谱图,图中横坐标为检测波长,纵坐标为透过率,如图所示油溶性CDs含有N–H(1428cm-1),C–H(2925cm-1),S–H(2621cm-1),C=O(1715cm-1),C–N(1428cm-1),C–S(1428cm-1),C–O(1188cm-1)基团;
图4为实施例1制备的油溶性碳点的XPS光谱图,CDs的全谱图包含282.3eV,397.9eV和528.9eV处的C1s,O 1s和N1s峰;
图5实施例1制备的油溶性碳点的透射电镜图(左侧)和粒径分布图(右侧),由图可知,油溶性CDs呈球形均匀分布,具有0.3-3.9nm较窄的粒径分布范围,平均粒径为1.81nm;
图6为土霉素猝灭实施例1制备的油溶性碳点的荧光光谱图,如图6中a所示加入不同浓度土霉素后油溶性CDs的全波长光谱图,油溶性CDs的荧光强度随土霉素浓度的增加而降低,图6中b为(F0-F/F0)与土霉素浓度的线性图,根据Stern-Volmer方程,该线性回归方程为y=0.02552x+0.03293,相关系数为0.99118;
图7为200-240℃范围内温度影响实施例1制备的油溶性碳点的荧光光谱图,在不同的加热温度下,当加热温度为200℃时,油溶性CDs的荧光强度最大。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本说明做详细说明,实施例给出详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
称取柠檬酸1.75g,谷胱甘肽0.35g置于50mL烧杯中,在210℃的条件下加热14分钟后加入0.75mL油胺继续加热3min,待容器自然冷却后,加入20mL二甲基亚砜(DMSO),将上述碳量子点溶液干燥后得到目标产物(产率为47.85%)。
实施例2
称取柠檬酸1.75g,谷胱甘肽0.40g置于50mL烧杯中,在210℃的条件下加热14分钟后加入1.0mL油胺继续加热5min,待容器自然冷却后,加入20mL二甲基亚砜(DMSO),将上述碳量子点溶液干燥后得到目标产物(产率为39.89%)。
实施例3
称取柠檬酸1.75g,谷胱甘肽0.55g置于50mL烧杯中,在200℃的条件下加热17分钟后加入1.0mL油胺继续加热3min,待容器自然冷却后,加入20mL二甲基亚砜(DMSO),将上述碳量子点溶液干燥后得到目标产物(产率为38.24%)。
实施例4
称取柠檬酸1.75g,谷胱甘肽0.35g置于50mL烧杯中,在240℃的条件下加热14分钟后加入0.75mL油胺继续加热10min,待容器自然冷却后,加入20mL二甲基亚砜(DMSO),将上述碳量子点溶液干燥后得到目标产物(产率为36.54%)。
实施例5
实施例1制备的油溶性碳点应用于土霉素的检测,如图6所示,随着土霉素(OTC)浓度的增加,CDs的荧光强度逐渐下降,该线性回归方程为y=0.01515x+0.02554,相关系数为0.99118。
实施例6
实施例1制备的油溶性碳点应用于实际样品中的应用,利用标准加入法测定牛奶中土霉素的含量。结果表明牛奶样品中回收率为97.1%-104.2%。结果证实了该方法的可行性,因此可应用于牛奶样品中土霉素含量的检测。
Claims (5)
1.一种油溶性碳点的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽混合,在200-240℃的条件下加热14-17分钟后加入油胺继续加热3-10min,待反应体系自然冷却后,加入二甲基亚砜,将上述溶液干燥后得到目标产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种油溶性碳点的制备方法,其特征在于,所述柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽的质量比为1.75:0.35-0.55。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种油溶性碳点的制备方法,其特征在于,所述柠檬酸和谷胱甘肽的质量比为1.75:0.35。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种油溶性碳点的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加热的温度为210℃,时间为14分钟。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一项所制备的油溶性碳点的应用,其特征在于,应用于土霉素的检测。
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