CN113290212A - Method for forming bottom of casting ingot in smelting process of vacuum induction furnace - Google Patents
Method for forming bottom of casting ingot in smelting process of vacuum induction furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN113290212A CN113290212A CN202110401847.0A CN202110401847A CN113290212A CN 113290212 A CN113290212 A CN 113290212A CN 202110401847 A CN202110401847 A CN 202110401847A CN 113290212 A CN113290212 A CN 113290212A
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- casting
- temperature
- induction furnace
- vacuum induction
- mold
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/12—Appurtenances, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
Abstract
A method for forming the bottom of a cast ingot in the smelting process of a vacuum induction furnace belongs to the technical field of special smelting, solves the technical problem of poor formation of the bottom of the cast ingot when a double-open cast iron ingot mold casts a phi 470mm ingot, and comprises the following steps: 1) manufacturing a protective gasket; 2) before the double ingot mold is closed, the protective gasket is placed at the bottom of the mold, and the mold and the protective gasket are heated to 300 ℃ for preheating for later use; 3) and adopting a newly matched electrical system and a casting speed for casting. The invention can reach the effect of compensating the heat loss of the initial melt path of casting and the smelting heat loss in the later period of casting by adopting a newly matched electrical system, can quickly form stable fluid by adopting the newly matched casting speed, and can also play an effective metal compensation for ingot tail feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special smelting, and particularly relates to a method for forming the bottom of a casting ingot in a smelting process of a vacuum induction furnace.
Background
In the prior art, a 6-ton vacuum induction furnace is generally used for casting a nickel-based alloy ingot on a double-open ingot mold, and the quality of the bottom of the ingot cannot be effectively controlled. The existing direct casting method is as follows: the metal gasket is placed at the bottom of the ingot mold, the metal gasket is easy to melt and float under a specified electrical system in the initial smelting stage, and is easy to contact and pollute a smelted target product to cause uneven components at the bottom of the target product, so that the bottom needs to be sawed in the later processing process, the yield is reduced, and the quality cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for forming the bottom of a cast ingot in the smelting process of a vacuum induction furnace, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art and solving the technical problem of poor formation of the bottom of the cast ingot when a phi 470mm ingot is cast by a double-open cast iron ingot mould.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method for forming the bottom of a cast ingot in the smelting process of a vacuum induction furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a protective gasket
S1-1, manufacturing a tray-shaped mold with the inner diameter of phi 470mm and the depth of 50 mm;
s1-2, uniformly mixing mullite casting materials according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 3.25 to obtain slurry, then pouring the prepared slurry into the tray-shaped mold prepared in the step S1-1, standing for 12 hours, and after the slurry is naturally solidified, removing the slurry from the tray-shaped mold to obtain a cake-shaped carcass gasket; the mullite castable comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight of alumina and silica =3: 1;
s1-3, placing the cake-shaped carcass gasket prepared in the step S1-2 into a heating furnace for baking, and preparing a protective gasket for later use;
s2, before the double-open ingot mold is closed, the protective gasket is placed at the bottom of the mold, and the mold and the protective gasket are heated to 300 ℃ for preheating for later use;
s3, steel is poured out in vacuum, a water gap with the diameter of 30-40 mm is used, the power of the vacuum induction furnace is adjusted to 500kw at the initial casting stage, the molten liquid is kept for 6-8 minutes according to the molten liquid condition, and the liquid level of the molten liquid in the tundish is controlled to be 165-170 mm; and in the later stage of casting, reducing the power of the vacuum induction furnace to 300kw 1-2 minutes before the casting is finished until the casting is finished, and controlling the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish to be adjusted to 75-80 mm. The newly matched electrical system can achieve the effects of compensating the heat loss of a melt path at the beginning of casting and the heat loss of smelting at the later stage of casting, and the newly matched casting speed can not only quickly form stable fluid, but also can effectively compensate metal for ingot tail feeding.
Further, in the step S1-3, the temperature raising mechanism of the baking is:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 120 ℃, keeping the temperature at 120 ℃ for 2h when the temperature is raised for 4.3 h;
and a second stage: heating from 120 ℃ to 340 ℃, keeping the temperature at 340 ℃ for 2h when the temperature is increased for 7.8 h;
and a third stage: heating from 340 ℃ to 540 ℃ for 7.1h, and keeping the temperature at 540 ℃ for 2 h;
a fourth stage: raising the temperature from 540 ℃ to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 2h for 16.4h when raising the temperature.
Further, in the step S3, in the initial casting period, the vacuum induction furnace power is adjusted to 500kw and then is maintained for 7 minutes by using a nozzle with a diameter of 35mm, and the liquid level of the molten metal in the tundish is controlled to be 165mm in the first 6 minutes; and in the later casting period, the power of the vacuum induction furnace is reduced to 300kw 1 minute before the casting is finished until the casting is finished, and the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish is controlled to be 78mm in the last 2 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
through the practice of the invention, after cooling and demoulding, the protective gasket falls and separates, the components of the bottom of the ingot after demoulding are uniform, the end surface of the bottom is flat and smooth, the ingot can be directly electroslag remelted or reprocessed without sawing, and the improvement effect is obvious.
In a word, by adopting the method for forming the bottom of the cast ingot in the smelting process of the vacuum induction furnace, the problem of poor formation of the bottom of the cast ingot is effectively solved, the components at the bottom of the cast ingot are uniform, the end face is smooth, the cast ingot can be directly processed, the saw cutting loss is reduced, the yield is improved, and the cost per ton can be reduced by 4800 yuan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the temperature rise profile for baking a pie-shaped carcass mat.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the examples follow conventional experimental conditions.
The embodiment is used for producing nickel-based alloy in a 6-ton vacuum induction furnace, the inner diameter phi of the double-open cast iron ingot mold is 471mm, the length is 4300mm, the diameter phi of the protective gasket is 469mm, the thickness is 52mm, the casting temperature is 1438 ℃, and the cast ingot weight is 5.1 t.
A method for forming the bottom of a cast ingot in the smelting process of a vacuum induction furnace comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a protective gasket
S1-1, manufacturing a tray-shaped mold with the inner diameter of phi 470mm and the depth of 50 mm;
s1-2, uniformly mixing mullite casting materials according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 3.25 to obtain slurry, then pouring the prepared slurry into the tray-shaped mold prepared in the step S1-1, standing for 12 hours, and after the slurry is naturally solidified, removing the slurry from the tray-shaped mold to obtain a cake-shaped carcass gasket; the mullite castable comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight of alumina and silica =3: 1;
s1-3, placing the cake-shaped carcass gasket prepared in the step S1-2 into a heating furnace for baking, and preparing a protective gasket for later use; as shown in fig. 1, the heating mechanism of baking is:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 120 ℃, keeping the temperature at 120 ℃ for 2h when the temperature is raised for 4.3 h;
and a second stage: heating from 120 ℃ to 340 ℃, keeping the temperature at 340 ℃ for 2h when the temperature is increased for 7.8 h;
and a third stage: heating from 340 ℃ to 540 ℃ for 7.1h, and keeping the temperature at 540 ℃ for 2 h;
a fourth stage: raising the temperature from 540 ℃ to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 2h for 16.4h when raising the temperature;
s2, before the double-open ingot mold is closed, the protective gasket is placed at the bottom of the mold, and the mold and the protective gasket are heated to 300 ℃ for preheating for later use;
s3, adopting vacuum top pouring to tap steel, using a nozzle with the diameter of 35mm, adjusting the power of the vacuum induction furnace to 500kw and then keeping for 7 minutes at the initial casting stage, and controlling the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish to be 165mm in the first 6 minutes; and in the later casting period, the power of the vacuum induction furnace is reduced to 300kw 1 minute before the casting is finished until the casting is finished, and the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish is controlled to be 78mm in the last 2 minutes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for forming the bottom of a cast ingot in the smelting process of a vacuum induction furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a protective gasket
S1-1, manufacturing a tray-shaped mold with the inner diameter of phi 470mm and the depth of 50 mm;
s1-2, uniformly mixing mullite casting materials according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 3.25 to obtain slurry, then pouring the prepared slurry into the tray-shaped mold prepared in the step S1-1, standing for 12 hours, and after the slurry is naturally solidified, removing the slurry from the tray-shaped mold to obtain a cake-shaped carcass gasket; the mullite castable comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight of alumina and silica =3: 1;
s1-3, placing the cake-shaped carcass gasket prepared in the step S1-2 into a heating furnace for baking, and preparing a protective gasket for later use;
s2, before the double-open ingot mold is closed, the protective gasket is placed at the bottom of the mold, and the mold and the protective gasket are heated to 300 ℃ for preheating for later use;
s3, steel is poured out in vacuum, a water gap with the diameter of 30-40 mm is used, the power of the vacuum induction furnace is adjusted to 500kw at the initial casting stage, the molten liquid is kept for 6-8 minutes according to the molten liquid condition, and the liquid level of the molten liquid in the tundish is controlled to be 165-170 mm; and in the later stage of casting, reducing the power of the vacuum induction furnace to 300kw 1-2 minutes before the casting is finished until the casting is finished, and controlling the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish to be adjusted to 75-80 mm.
2. The method for forming the bottom of the cast ingot in the vacuum induction furnace smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S1-3, the temperature raising mechanism of the baking is:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 120 ℃, keeping the temperature at 120 ℃ for 2h when the temperature is raised for 4.3 h;
and a second stage: heating from 120 ℃ to 340 ℃, keeping the temperature at 340 ℃ for 2h when the temperature is increased for 7.8 h;
and a third stage: heating from 340 ℃ to 540 ℃ for 7.1h, and keeping the temperature at 540 ℃ for 2 h;
a fourth stage: raising the temperature from 540 ℃ to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 2h for 16.4h when raising the temperature.
3. The method for forming the bottom of the cast ingot in the vacuum induction furnace smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, a nozzle with the diameter of 35mm is used, the vacuum induction furnace power is adjusted to 500kw and then is kept for 7 minutes in the initial casting period, and the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish is controlled to be 165mm in the first 6 minutes; and in the later casting period, the power of the vacuum induction furnace is reduced to 300kw 1 minute before the casting is finished until the casting is finished, and the liquid level height of the molten liquid in the tundish is controlled to be 78mm in the last 2 minutes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110401847.0A CN113290212A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Method for forming bottom of casting ingot in smelting process of vacuum induction furnace |
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| CN202110401847.0A CN113290212A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Method for forming bottom of casting ingot in smelting process of vacuum induction furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU789210A1 (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1980-12-23 | Государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт металлургической промышленности "Гипросталь" | Method of producing steel ingots |
| CN203304504U (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-11-27 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Anti-scouring ingot mold |
| CN204035488U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江英赛德铸造材料有限公司 | A kind of chute prefabricated component |
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| CN111995410A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-27 | 武汉钢铁集团耐火材料有限责任公司 | Lightweight moisturizing and heat-insulating pouring material for tundish cover and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-04-14 CN CN202110401847.0A patent/CN113290212A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
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| SU789210A1 (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1980-12-23 | Государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт металлургической промышленности "Гипросталь" | Method of producing steel ingots |
| CN203304504U (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-11-27 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Anti-scouring ingot mold |
| CN204035488U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江英赛德铸造材料有限公司 | A kind of chute prefabricated component |
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| CN206169204U (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-17 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Sizing metal mould |
| CN207057573U (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-03-02 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of easy mold release low density steel vacuum casting mould |
| CN111848189A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南省娄底市宏冶炉料有限责任公司 | Novel scouring-resistant thermal shock-resistant impact brick, preparation method and current stabilizer |
| CN111995410A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-27 | 武汉钢铁集团耐火材料有限责任公司 | Lightweight moisturizing and heat-insulating pouring material for tundish cover and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 高里存等: "《水泥工业用耐火材料》", 31 October 2009 * |
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