CN113287414B - Automatic corn harvesting process - Google Patents
Automatic corn harvesting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113287414B CN113287414B CN202110533153.2A CN202110533153A CN113287414B CN 113287414 B CN113287414 B CN 113287414B CN 202110533153 A CN202110533153 A CN 202110533153A CN 113287414 B CN113287414 B CN 113287414B
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- corn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
- A01F11/06—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals for maize, e.g. removing kernels from cobs
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic corn harvesting process, wherein a walking frame assembly is provided with various components; wherein, the lower part of the walking frame assembly is provided with a root removing device, the middle part of the walking frame assembly is provided with a straw collecting device and/or the upper part of the walking frame assembly is provided with a corn cob collecting device; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic corn harvesting process.
Background
CN202110019779.1 harvesting processing equipment for automatically collecting and processing corn straws comprises a harvesting box and a feeding mechanism arranged on the left side of the harvesting box, wherein a power mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the harvesting box, a moving mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the harvesting box, and a harvesting cavity is arranged in the harvesting box. CN202110001900.8 agricultural maize harvesting equipment can realize two side blanks according to weight, can not the blanking under the weight does not reach the condition, to straw regrinding, makes the kibbling more meticulous of straw, and can adapt to not equidimension maize stalk. Including cutting conveyer, material feeding unit, doffer, reducing mechanism, a chassis, the housing, starter motor A, utilize the slope piece on the striker plate to make the maize straw slope, the cutter rotates, cut maize straw, starter motor B, coiling cylinder A, coiling cylinder B rotates, coiling cylinder B can reciprocate along the spring fixed axle, can adapt to the maize straw of different thicknesses, blank blade B reciprocates along the slide rail, smash maize straw, crushing shaft rotates, the regrinding maize straw, the pushing chain piece reciprocates, smash different size maize straw, the maize falls into flourishing flitch, the flitch promotes the maize and removes, behind the maize blanking, gravity reduces, flourishing flitch shifts up, the flitch moves to the right side, the left and right sides blanking. However, the degree of automation is not high, and continuous operation cannot be realized. The equipment structure is large, and harvesting is not thorough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic corn harvesting process.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic corn harvesting process is characterized in that: by means of a walking frame assembly, to walk in the field; the process comprises the following automatic harvesting steps;
s1, pre-peeling and collecting the corn cobs through a corn cob collecting device;
s2, crushing and collecting the corn straws through a straw collecting device;
and S3, loosening soil when the corn roots are collected by the root removing device.
A corn cob collection process of a corn combine harvester comprises S1, pre-stripping and collecting corn cobs through a corn cob collection device; the following is specifically performed;
s1.1, firstly, clamping the middle part of corn by a splayed clamping arm of the corn to strip up corn cobs of corn straws, simultaneously inserting a corn inserting guide head into two side parts of the clamped corn, and rotating a corn conical pair roller to pull the corn downwards to be matched with the splayed clamping arm of the corn so as to separate the corn cobs from the corn straws; then, the vertical corn rotary cutter group longitudinally cuts or obliquely cuts the pulled corn straws, and simultaneously, the corn cobs are conveyed to the corn guide part under the action of inertia; secondly, the corn downward-conveying rollers transversely cut the falling corn straws which are longitudinally cut or obliquely cut, and meanwhile, the corn cobs enter the corn splayed carrier and are self-positioned after being shifted from the corn guide part through the corn conveying direction-adjusting elastic sheet; thirdly, collecting the transversely cut straws, and driving the splayed corn carrier to move forwards by the corn output strip; then, when the corn is reached to the elastic corn lifting frame, the lower corn pressing head presses the upper surface of the corn cob to be longitudinally peeled, and meanwhile, the corn lifting guide block is lifted along the longitudinal corn guide groove under the action of the corn connecting spring, so that the longitudinal corn slotting cutter longitudinally cuts the skin of the corn cob; and then, the corn output strip outputs the corn cobs longitudinally cut into the skin to the next station.
A corn cob collection process of a corn combine harvester comprises S1, pre-stripping and collecting corn cobs through a corn cob collection device; the following step S1.2 is executed, wherein by means of a corn rotating frame S1.2.1, in a corn feeding station, the conveyed corn cobs are fed into a corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve and are self-positioned through taper; s1.2.2, firstly, at the top station of the corn, the corn core removing drill rotates to enter the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve, and the corn core is drilled and crushed to realize the stripping; then, under the pressing action of the corn core removing drill, the end part of the corn cob is penetrated and fixed by the corn bottom spurs; secondly, under the downward pressing and rotating action of the corn core removing drill, the corn cobs are crushed by utilizing the concave-convex corn process and/or the action of the spiral ring cutter, meanwhile, impurities after partial crushing after crushing are discharged through the corn bearing positioning taper hole sleeve, and corn kernels meeting the set requirements are temporarily stored in the corn bearing positioning taper hole sleeve; s1.2.3, in the corn sending station, the mesh plate at the bottom of the corn overcomes the spring force of the spring at the bottom of the corn by gravity, so as to separate the end part of the corn cob from the bur at the bottom of the corn, and the corn collecting conveyor belt outputs the crushed corn grains and sundries discharged by falling; s1.2.4, firstly, on the upper line section of the corn collecting conveyor belt, under the action of the corn blowing nozzle and the corn collecting air duct, sundries are output through the corn collecting air duct; then, at the maize collection conveyor belt output end, the maize collection basket stores the kernel of corn and debris to carry out the stirring winding with slender straw through maize rabbling arm.
A straw collecting process of a corn combine harvester comprises the step S2 of crushing and collecting corn straws through a straw collecting device; the following steps are executed; s2.1, firstly, crushing the falling straws by a straw harvesting and smashing spiral cutter; then, the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate moves forward, and the straw harvesting rotary belt cutter shifting wheel gathers and collects the corn straws backwards along the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate; then, gathering the collected straws backwards, guiding the baffle plates downwards after the straws are harvested, cutting the fallen straws by the straw harvesting feeding rollers, entering the input end of the straw harvesting conveyor belt, and storing the cut straws in a straw harvesting storage part; secondly, in the straw harvesting and storing part, the pressing plate compresses the stored straw.
A root removing process of a corn combine harvester is provided, which is characterized in that a root removing device is used; comprises S3, loosening soil when collecting corn root by root removing device; the following steps are executed; s3.1, rotating the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group, turning the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group downwards to a set depth of soil, loosening the soil and taking out corn root hairs; s3.2, the root-removing soil-breaking elastic sheet impacts the corn root hairs planed by the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group; s3.3, the input end of the root removing hollow space strip receives the corn root hairs of the striking root removing soil breaking elastic sheet; s3.4, removing roots and rotating the bottom of the corn rootlets by a rotary cutter roller to cut the corn rootlets; s3.5, simultaneously with or after the step S3.4, the root removing rotating crank drives the root removing hinged mesh plate to rotate, and the root removing hinged mesh plate faces downwards under the self-weight action of the root removing hinged mesh plate; s3.6, the descending section of the root removing hinged mesh plate is the same as the spacing strips of the root removing hollow-out, the root removing spring rod is compensated by the extension and contraction of a spring, the distance between the root removing spring rod and the root removing hollow-out spacing strips is changed when the root removing spring rod moves forwards, and meanwhile, the root removing spring rod enables the corn root hairs and sundries which are planed out to be stabbed and pressed downwards through downward stabbing of the dry root removing spring rod, so that the attached soil is removed.
The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the harvester of the invention in use configuration.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a root removing device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the straw collection configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the front end of the corn collection of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rear use configuration of the corn collection of the present invention.
Wherein: 30. a traveling frame assembly; 31. a root removal device; 32. a straw collection device; 33. a corn cob collection device; 34. a base front portion; 35. removing root of the L-shaped soil turning hook group; 36. removing roots and breaking soil shrapnel; 37. removing root hollow space separating strips; 38. removing roots and cutting the bottom by a rotary cutter roller; 39. removing a root and rotating a crank; 40. removing roots and hinging a cross arm; 41. removing the root vertical hollow sleeve; 42. removing a spring rod; 43. removing roots and hinging the mesh plate; 44. removing root downward spurs; 45. a perforated front shovel plate for straw harvesting; 46. the straw harvesting rotary belt cutter poking wheel; 47. a straw post-harvest striker plate; 48. straw harvesting and feeding double rollers; 49. a straw harvesting conveyor belt; 50. a straw harvesting and storing part; 51. straw harvesting and smashing spiral cutters; 52. a corn splayed clamp arm; 53. corn conical double rollers; 54. inserting corn into the guide head; 55. the corn lower conveying pair rollers; 56. a vertical corn rotary cutter group; 57. a corn guide; 58. the corn is transmitted to the direction-adjusting elastic sheet; 59. a corn output strip; 60. a corn splayed carrier; 61. the corn elastic lifting frame; 62. a corn longitudinal guide groove; 63. a corn lower pressure head; 64. a corn lifting guide block; 65. the corn is connected with a spring; 66. a corn longitudinal slotting cutter; 67. a corn rotating frame; 68. feeding the corns into a station; 69. a corn top station; 70. the corn is sent out of the station; 71. the corn bears and positions the taper hole cover; 72. corn craft concave-convex; 73. bur is protruded at the bottom of the corn; 74. a corn bottom spring; 75. a mesh plate at the bottom of the corn; 76. a corn central fabrication hole; 77. removing cores of the corns and drilling; 78. a corn collection conveyor belt; 79. a corn air blowing nozzle; 80. a corn collection duct; 81. a corn collection basket; 82. corn impurity leakage holes; 83. corn stirring arm.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, the corn combine harvester of the present embodiment includes a walking frame assembly 30, on which each component is disposed; wherein, the lower part of the walking frame assembly 30 is provided with a root removing device 31, the middle part of the walking frame assembly 30 is provided with a straw collecting device 32 and/or the upper part of the walking frame assembly 30 is provided with a corn cob collecting device 33.
In the root removing device of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment, the root removing device 31 comprises a root removing L-shaped soil turning hook group 35 which is rotatably arranged at the front part 34 of the base of the walking frame assembly 30 and is provided with a plurality of components, and the root removing L-shaped soil turning hook group is turned downwards to enter soil for a set depth, loosens the soil and takes out corn root hairs; a root-removing soil-breaking elastic sheet 36 is arranged above the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group 35 and is arranged in a neutral position between the adjacent root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook groups 35 so as to impact corn root hairs planed by the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group 35; an input end of a root-removing hollow space strip 37 is arranged on the back side of the root-removing soil-breaking elastic sheet 36 to receive the corn root hairs impacted on the root-removing soil-breaking elastic sheet 36; a root-removing bottom rotary cutter roller 38 is arranged at the spacing gap of the root-removing hollow space strip 37 to cut the corn root silks; a root-removing rotating crank 39 is rotatably arranged above the root-removing hollow space partition strip 37, a transverse root-removing hinged cross arm 40 is sleeved between cantilever ends of the root-removing rotating crank 39, a root-removing vertical hollow sleeve 41 is distributed on the root-removing hinged cross arm 40, a root-removing spring rod 42 is stretched in the root-removing vertical hollow sleeve 41, a root-removing hinged mesh plate 43 is arranged at the lower end of the root-removing spring rod 42, and a plurality of root-removing downward spurs 44 are distributed on the lower surface of the root-removing hinged mesh plate 43; the uprooted downward spurs 44 correspond to the hollowed out distribution of the uprooted hollowed out space bars 37.
In the straw collecting device of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment, the straw collecting device 32 comprises a straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45 arranged at the front part 34 of the base of the walking frame assembly 30, and the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45 is positioned in front of the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group 35;
the upper surface of the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45 is provided with a straw harvesting rotary belt cutter shifting wheel 46, and the straw harvesting rotary belt cutter shifting wheel 46 is used for gathering and collecting the corn straws backwards along the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45; a straw harvesting feeding roller 48 is arranged at the output port at the rear end of the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45; a straw harvesting rear baffle plate 47 is obliquely arranged above the straw harvesting feeding pair roller 48, an input end of a straw harvesting conveyor belt 49 is arranged below an output port at the rear end of the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45, and an output end of the straw harvesting conveyor belt 49 is provided with a straw harvesting storage part 50;
a straw harvesting smashing spiral cutter 51 is coaxially arranged above the straw harvesting rotary belt cutter thumb wheel 46, and the straw harvesting smashing spiral cutter 51 smashes fallen straws;
the collected straws are gathered together, and the fallen straws are cut by a straw harvesting feeding roller 48 and enter the input end of a straw harvesting conveyor belt 49 under the guidance of a straw post-harvest baffle plate 47, and are stored in a straw harvesting storage part 50;
a pressing plate is provided in the straw harvest storage part 50 for compressing the stored straw.
In the corn cob collecting device of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment, the corn cob collecting device 33 comprises a corn splayed clamp arm 52 which is arranged in front of a neutral position at the upper part of the front part 34 of the base of the walking frame assembly 30 and is used for clamping the middle part of corn so as to strip up the corn stalks;
a corn conical double-roller 53 is arranged below the corn splayed clamp arm 52, and a corn inserting guide head 54 is coaxially arranged at the front end of the corn conical double-roller 53;
a corn guide part 57 positioned at the rear side of the corn splayed clamp arm 52 is arranged at the upper part of the base front part 34 in a neutral position; a corn lower conveying double-roll 55 is arranged below the corn conical double-roll 53, and a corn vertical rotary cutter group 56 is arranged between the corn lower conveying double-roll 55 and the corn conical double-roll 53 and is used for longitudinally cutting or obliquely cutting the corn straws;
a corn guide part 57 which is positioned at the rear side of the corn splayed clamping arm 52 is arranged at the upper part of the base front part 34 in a neutral position so as to receive corn cobs falling from the clamping strip of the corn splayed clamping arm 52; a corn transmission direction-adjusting elastic sheet 58 is arranged at the inlet of the corn guide part 57 to adjust the direction of the corn cobs; the output end of the corn splayed clamp arm 52 is provided with an input end of a corn output strip 59; a plurality of self-positioning corn splayed carriers 60 are longitudinally distributed on the corn output strip 59, and the corn splayed carriers 60 are arranged in a through manner and correspond to the corn output strip 59 in a clearance manner;
a corn elastic lifting frame 61 is arranged above the longitudinal central line of the corn splayed carrier 60, a corn longitudinal guide groove 62 is arranged on the corn elastic lifting frame 61, and a corn lower pressing head 63 is arranged in the corn longitudinal guide groove 62 and is used for pressing the upper surface of a corn cob to be longitudinally peeled; a corn lifting guide block 64 is lifted in the corn longitudinal guide groove 62, the upper end of the corn lifting guide block 64 is connected with the corn elastic lifting frame 61 through a corn connecting spring 65, and the lower end of the corn lifting guide block 64 is provided with a corn longitudinal slotting cutter 66 to be cut with the corn cob skin.
The corn cob collecting device 33 of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment comprises a corn rotary frame 67 arranged on the walking frame assembly 30, and the corn rotary frame is provided with a corn feeding station 68, a corn top station 69 and a corn discharging station 70;
a plurality of corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeves 71 with large ends opened are distributed on the corn rotating frame 67, and a plurality of corn process concave-convex 72 and/or spiral ring cutters are distributed on the inner side wall of each corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71; the small end of the root of the corn bearing positioning taper hole sleeve 71 is provided with a corn bottom spur 73, and the corresponding meshes of the corn bottom mesh plate 75 are sleeved on the corn bottom spur 73; the corn bottom mesh plate 75 is connected with the small end of the root of the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71 through a corn bottom spring 74, and a corn center fabrication hole 76 is arranged at the center of the corn bottom mesh plate 75;
the meshes and the long slotted holes of the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71 are both larger than the shape of the corn grains to be removed and smaller than the shape of the corn grains required by the setting;
in the corn feeding station 68, the corn stalks are obliquely arranged upwards, and the corn stalks are fed into a corn bearing positioning taper hole sleeve 71 and self-positioned through taper;
the corn top station 69 is vertically arranged upwards, and is provided with a corn core removing drill 77 which corresponds to the corn central process hole 76 and has lifting and rotating actions, the corn core removing drill 77 rotates to enter the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71, and the corn core is drilled and crushed to realize grain stripping; after the corn is crushed, the impurities after the partial crushing are discharged through the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71, and the corn kernels meeting the set requirement are temporarily stored in the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71;
a corn delivery station 70 arranged downwards, and provided with an input end of a corn collection conveyor belt 78 below the corn delivery station for outputting the crushed corn kernels and impurities discharged by falling;
a corn air blowing nozzle 79 is arranged below the upward section of the corn collecting and conveying belt 78, and a corn collecting air duct 80 is arranged above the upward section of the corn collecting and conveying belt 78;
a corn collecting basket 81 with a corn impurity leaking hole 82 at the bottom is arranged at the output end of the corn collecting conveyor belt 78, and a corn stirring arm 83 is arranged in the corn collecting basket 81.
The automatic corn harvesting process is characterized in that: by means of a walking frame assembly 30, to walk in the field; the process comprises the following automatic harvesting steps;
s1, pre-stripping and collecting the corn cobs through the corn cob collecting device 33;
s2, crushing and collecting the corn straws through the straw collecting device 32;
s3, loosening soil is performed when the corn roots are collected by the root removing device 31.
The corn cob collection process of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment comprises the following steps of S1, pre-threshing and collecting the corn cobs through the corn cob collection device 33; the following is specifically performed;
s1.1, firstly, clamping the middle part of corn by a corn splayed clamping arm 52 to strip up the corn cobs of the corn straws, simultaneously, inserting a corn inserting guide head 54 into two side parts of the clamped corn, and rotating a corn conical pair roller 53 to pull the corn downwards to be matched with the corn splayed clamping arm 52 so as to separate the corn cobs from the corn straws; then, the vertical corn rotary cutter 56 cuts or obliquely cuts the pulled corn stalks, and the corn stalks are fed into the corn guide 57 under the action of inertia; secondly, the corn downward conveying roller 55 transversely cuts the falling longitudinally cut or obliquely cut corn straws, and meanwhile, corn cobs enter the corn splayed carrier 60 and are self-positioned after being shifted from the corn guide part 57 through the corn conveying direction-adjusting elastic sheet 58; thirdly, transversely cut straws are collected, and meanwhile, the corn output strips 59 drive the corn splayed carriers 60 to move forwards; then, when the corn elastic lifting frame 61 is reached, the corn lower pressure head 63 presses the upper surface of the corn cob to be longitudinally peeled, and meanwhile, the corn lifting guide block 64 is lifted along the corn longitudinal guide groove 62 under the action of the corn connecting spring 65, so that the corn longitudinal slitting knife 66 longitudinally cuts the skin of the corn cob; the corn output strip 59 then delivers the longitudinally peeled corn cobs to the next station.
The corn cob collection process of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment comprises the following steps of S1, pre-threshing and collecting the corn cobs through the corn cob collection device 33; the following step S1.2 is carried out, in which the corn cobs are fed into a corn carrying and positioning taper sleeve 71 for feeding, and self-positioning by taper, at a corn feeding station 68 by means of a corn rotary frame 67, S1.2.1; s1.2.2, firstly, at the corn top station 69, the corn core removing drill 77 rotates to enter the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71 to drill and crush the corn core to realize grain stripping; then, under the pressing action of the corn core removing drill 77, the end part of the corn cob is penetrated and fixed by the corn bottom spurs 73; secondly, under the pressing and rotating action of the corn core removing drill 77, the corn cobs are crushed by utilizing the corn technology concave-convex 72 and/or the spiral ring cutter, meanwhile, after the corn cobs are crushed, impurities are discharged through the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71 after the corn cobs are partially crushed, and corn kernels meeting the set requirements are temporarily stored in the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71; s1.2.3, at the corn sending-out station 70, the corn bottom mesh plate 75 overcomes the spring force of the corn bottom spring 74 by gravity, so as to separate the end part of the corn cob from the corn bottom bur 73, and the corn collecting conveyor belt 78 outputs the fallen and discharged crushed corn grains and sundries;
s1.2.4, firstly, on the ascending section of the corn collecting conveyor belt 78, under the action of the corn blowing nozzle 79 and the corn collecting air duct 80, the sundries are output through the corn collecting air duct 80; then, at the output end of the corn collection conveyor belt 78, the corn collection basket 81 stores the corn kernels and debris and the elongated stalks are subjected to a mixing wrap by the corn mixing arm 83.
The straw collecting process of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment comprises the step S2 of crushing and collecting the corn straws by the straw collecting device 32; the following steps are executed; s2.1, firstly, a straw harvesting and smashing spiral cutter 51 smashes fallen straws; then, the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45 moves forward, and the straw harvesting rotary belt cutter shifting wheel 46 gathers and collects the corn straws backwards along the straw harvesting perforated front shovel plate 45; then, the collected straws are gathered backwards, and the fallen straws are cut by a straw harvesting feeding roller 48 and enter the input end of a straw harvesting conveyor belt 49 under the guidance of a straw post-harvest baffle plate 47, and are stored in a straw harvesting storage part 50; next, in the straw harvest storage part 50, the stored straw is compressed by the pressing plate.
The root removing process of the corn combine harvester of the embodiment is realized by the root removing device 31; comprises S3, loosening soil when the corn roots are collected by the root removing device 31; the following steps are executed; s3.1, rotating the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group 35, turning the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group downwards to a set depth of soil, loosening the soil and taking out corn root hairs; s3.2, the root-removing soil-breaking elastic sheet 36 impacts corn root hairs planed by the root-removing L-shaped soil-turning hook group 35; s3.3, the input end of the root removing hollow space strip 37 receives the corn root hairs of the striking root removing soil breaking elastic sheet 36; s3.4, removing roots and rotating the bottom of the corn to cut the corn rootlets by a rotary cutter roller 38; s3.5, simultaneously with or after the step S3.4, the root removing rotating crank 39 drives the root removing hinged mesh plate 43 to rotate, and the root removing hinged mesh plate 43 faces downwards under the self-weight action of the root removing hinged mesh plate 43; s3.6, the descending section of the root removing hinged mesh plate 43 is the same as the root removing hollow space partition strip 37, the root removing spring rod 42 is compensated by the spring expansion, the distance of the root removing hinged mesh plate when the root removing hinged mesh plate moves forwards is changed, and meanwhile, the root removing downward bur 44 is used for burling and pressing down the planed corn root hair and sundries through the spring force so as to remove the attached soil.
The invention takes the walking frame assembly 30 as a carrier, and the root removing device 31 realizes soil loosening and takes out stones, root hairs and the like. The straw collecting device 32 realizes the smashing and recycling of straws, compared with a traditional harvester, the corn cob collecting device 33 can achieve the lossless picking of the straws, the root-removing L-shaped soil turning hook group 35 preferably selects a V-shaped cutter, the soil block smashing is realized, the root-removing soil breaking elastic sheet 36 realizes the knocking to remove adhered soil, the root-removing hollow space partition strip 37 has a process interval, simultaneously, the dust and soil particles can be leaked into the soil, the root-removing bottom rotary cutter roller 38 realizes the cutting of root hairs, the stone can be arched due to the root-removing rotary crank 39 is arranged at the bottom, the cutter is prevented from being damaged, the root-removing rotary crank 39 is used as a drive, the root-removing hinged cross arm 40 rotates around the central axis of the root of the crank, the root-removing vertical hollow sleeve 41 can realize the free rotation, the drooping state is ensured, the root-removing spring rod 42 adjusts the height through a spring, the root-removing hinged mesh plate 43 is circularly rotated to drive the root-removing hinged mesh 44 to lift and move longitudinally, due to the existence of the spring, the damage to the cutter caused by large-particle stones and large blocks can be avoided.
The straw reaps foraminiferous front shovel board 45 and realizes the direction, and it can be collected and the cutting with the straw of whereabouts in the straw reaps rotatory band knife thumb wheel 46, and the straw is reaped back striker plate 47 and is avoided the straw to get into rear portion equipment, and the straw reaps feed pair roller 48 and realizes that the straw rolls in, and the straw reaps conveyer belt 49 and realizes the conveying, and the straw reaps storage part 50 and realizes the storage to the straw, and the straw reaps smashes spiral cutter 51 and realizes the precutting to the straw.
As another innovation point, the splayed corn clamp arm 52 simulates a human hand (similar to a left-hand stripping), the corn in an inclined state is contacted by the running of a locomotive, the corn is matched with the conical corn roller 53 to rotate and clamp (simulating a right-hand downward pulling straw part), so that the separation of the corn sticks from the stems is realized, the corn is inserted into the guide head 54 to realize the insertion of the corn straws into the gap, the corn downward conveying roller 55 is arranged, the vertical corn rotary cutter group 56 realizes the multi-angle crushing and cutting treatment of the corn straws, the corn guide part 57 realizes the storage of the corn sticks by the inertia of the rolled corn sticks and the power of the forward running of the locomotive, the corn transmission and direction adjustment of the corn sticks by the elastic sheet 58 is realized, the corn output strip 59 realizes the conveying of the corn sticks, the splayed corn carrier 60 utilizes the V-shaped self-positioning, the distance between a pressure head and a cutter is set according to the thickness and the layer number of the corn sticks, the corn elastic lifting frame 61 realizes the flexible adjustment, the corn longitudinal guide groove 62 realizes the guide, the spring elasticity of the corn connecting spring 65 and the heights of the corn lower pressure head 63 and the corn longitudinal slotting cutter 66 are adjusted according to empirical values so as to meet the requirements of the operation, the corn lifting guide block 64 realizes the guide, and the corn longitudinal slotting cutter 66 cracks the outer skin.
As another innovation point, the corn rotating frame 67 is connected with each other, the corn feeding station 68, the corn top station 69 and the corn discharging station 70 are used for completing the functions of corresponding stations, the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve 71 is used for realizing self positioning, and the corn process concave-convex 72 and/or the cutter are used for transversely cutting or grinding the outer skin. The corn bottom spurs 73 can fix the bottom of the corn core, certainly, non-contact corn is non-contact and has no functions, certainly, the corn bottom mesh plate 75 which can be dragged with the corn bottom spring 74 realizes automatic cleaning of impurities accumulated at the bottom, the corn center fabrication hole 76 realizes protection of the corn core removing drill 77, the corn collecting conveyor belt 78 realizes conveying, the corn blowing nozzle 79 blows light husks, the corn collecting air duct 80 collects the light impurities to the straw storage position, the corn grains are stored in the corn collecting basket 81, the corn impurity leaking holes 82 drop the impurities, and preferably, the corn stirring arm 83 winds the slender husk silk.
The present invention has been described in sufficient detail for clarity of disclosure and is not exhaustive of the prior art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; it is obvious as a person skilled in the art to combine several aspects of the invention. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An automatic corn harvesting process is characterized in that: by means of a walking frame assembly (30) to walk in the field; the process comprises the following automatic harvesting steps;
s1, pre-stripping and collecting the corn cobs through the corn cob collecting device (33);
s2, crushing and collecting the corn straws through a straw collecting device (32);
s3, loosening soil when the corn roots are collected through the root removing device (31); in step S1, the following is specifically performed;
s1.1, firstly, clamping the middle part of corn by a splayed corn clamping arm (52) to strip up the corn cobs of the corn straws, simultaneously, inserting a corn inserting guide head (54) into two side parts of the clamped corn, and rotating a corn conical pair roller (53) to pull the corn downwards to be matched with the splayed corn clamping arm (52) so as to separate the corn cobs from the corn straws; then, the vertical rotary-cut cutter group (56) of the corn longitudinally cuts or obliquely cuts the pulled corn straws, and simultaneously, the corn cobs are sent to a corn guide part (57) under the action of inertia; secondly, the corn downward conveying roller (55) transversely cuts off the falling corn straws which are longitudinally cut or obliquely cut off, and meanwhile, corn cobs enter a corn splayed carrier (60) and are self-positioned after being shifted from a corn guide part (57) through a corn transmission direction adjusting elastic sheet (58); thirdly, transversely cut straws are collected, and meanwhile, the corn output strips (59) drive the corn splayed carriers (60) to move forwards; then, when the corn is reached to the elastic corn lifting frame (61), the corn lower pressing head (63) presses the upper surface of the corn cob to be longitudinally peeled, and meanwhile, the corn lifting guide block (64) is lifted along the corn longitudinal guide groove (62) under the action of the corn connecting spring (65), so that the corn longitudinal slitting knife (66) longitudinally cuts the corn cob husk; then, the corn output strip (59) outputs the corn cobs which are longitudinally peeled to the next station;
wherein the corn cob collecting device (33) comprises a corn splayed clamp arm (52) which is arranged in front of a neutral position at the upper part of the front part (34) of the base of the walking frame assembly (30) and is used for clamping the middle part of corn so as to strip the corn stalks upwards;
a corn conical double-roller (53) is arranged below the corn splayed clamp arm (52), and a corn inserting guide head (54) is coaxially arranged at the front end of the corn conical double-roller (53);
a corn guide part (57) positioned at the rear side of the splayed corn clamp arm (52) is arranged at the upper part of the front part (34) of the base in a neutral position; a corn downward-feeding roller pair (55) is arranged below the corn conical roller pair (53), and a corn vertical rotary cutter group (56) is arranged between the corn downward-feeding roller pair (55) and the corn conical roller pair (53) and is used for longitudinally cutting or obliquely cutting the corn straws;
a corn guide part (57) which is positioned at the rear side of the corn splayed clamp arm (52) is arranged at the upper part of the front part (34) of the base in a neutral position so as to bear the corn cobs falling from the clamping strip of the corn splayed clamp arm (52); a corn transmission direction-adjusting elastic sheet (58) is arranged at the inlet of the corn guide part (57) to adjust the direction of the corn cobs; the output end of the corn splayed clamp arm (52) is provided with the input end of a corn output strip (59); a plurality of self-positioning corn splayed carriers (60) are longitudinally distributed on the corn output strip (59), and the middle of each corn splayed carrier (60) is arranged in a penetrating way and corresponds to the clearance of the corn output strip (59);
a corn elastic lifting frame (61) is arranged above the longitudinal central line of the corn splayed carrier (60), a corn longitudinal guide groove (62) is arranged on the corn elastic lifting frame (61), and a corn lower pressing head (63) is arranged in the corn longitudinal guide groove (62) and is used for pressing the upper surface of a corn cob to be longitudinally peeled; the corn lifting guide block (64) ascends and descends in the corn longitudinal guide groove (62), the upper end of the corn lifting guide block (64) is connected with the corn elastic lifting frame (61) through a corn connecting spring (65), and the lower end of the corn lifting guide block (64) is provided with a corn longitudinal slotting cutter (66) to be cut with the corn cob skins.
2. The automated corn harvesting process of claim 1, wherein: the following step S1.2 is executed, wherein the corn cobs conveyed by the corn rotating frame (67), S1.2.1 are conveyed into a corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71) at a corn conveying station (68) and are self-positioned by taper; s1.2.2, firstly, at a corn top station (69), a corn core removing drill (77) rotates to enter a corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71) to drill and crush the corn core to realize grain stripping; then, under the pressing action of the corn core removing drill (77), the end part of the corn cob is penetrated and fixed by the corn bottom spurs (73); secondly, under the pressing and rotating action of a corn core removing drill (77), corn cobs are crushed by utilizing the action of corn technology concave-convex parts (72) and/or spiral ring cutters, meanwhile, sundries after partial crushing after crushing are discharged through a corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71), and corn kernels meeting set requirements are temporarily stored in the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71); s1.2.3, in the corn sending station (70), the corn bottom mesh plate (75) overcomes the spring force of the corn bottom spring (74) by using gravity, so as to separate the end part of the corn cob from the corn bottom bur (73), and the corn collecting conveyor belt (78) outputs the crushed corn grains and sundries which fall and are discharged; s1.2.4, firstly, on the ascending section of the corn collecting conveyor belt (78), under the action of the corn blowing nozzle (79) and the corn collecting air duct (80), the sundries are output through the corn collecting air duct (80); then, at the output end of the corn collecting conveyor belt (78), a corn collecting basket (81) stores corn kernels and sundries, and long and thin straws are stirred and wound through a corn stirring arm (83);
the corn cob collecting device (33) comprises a corn rotating frame (67) arranged on the walking frame assembly (30), and the corn rotating frame is provided with a corn feeding station (68), a corn top station (69) and a corn discharging station (70);
a plurality of corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeves (71) with large end openings are distributed on the corn rotating frame (67), and a plurality of corn process concave-convex parts (72) and/or spiral ring cutters are distributed on the inner side wall of each corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71); the small end of the root of the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71) is provided with a corn bottom spur (73), and the corn bottom spur (73) is sleeved with a corresponding mesh of a corn bottom mesh plate (75); the corn bottom mesh plate (75) is connected with the small end of the root of the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71) through a corn bottom spring (74), and a corn center fabrication hole (76) is arranged at the center of the corn bottom mesh plate (75);
the meshes and the long slotted holes of the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71) are both larger than the shape of the corn grains to be removed and smaller than the shape of the corn grains required by the setting;
the corn feeding station (68) is obliquely arranged upwards, and corn cobs are fed into a corn bearing positioning taper hole sleeve (71) and are self-positioned through taper;
the corn top station (69) is vertically arranged upwards, a corn core removing drill (77) which corresponds to the corn central process hole (76) and has lifting and rotating actions is arranged, the corn core removing drill (77) rotates to enter a corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71), and the corn core is drilled and crushed to realize grain stripping; after being crushed, the impurities after being partially crushed are discharged through a corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71), and the corn kernels meeting the set requirement are temporarily stored in the corn bearing and positioning taper hole sleeve (71);
the corn delivery station (70) is arranged downwards, and an input end of a corn collecting conveyor belt (78) is arranged below the corn delivery station to output the crushed corn kernels and sundries discharged in a falling mode;
a corn blowing nozzle (79) is arranged below the ascending section of the corn collecting and conveying belt (78), and a corn collecting air duct (80) is arranged above the ascending section of the corn collecting and conveying belt (78);
the corn collecting basket (81) with corn impurity leaking holes (82) at the bottom is arranged at the output end of the corn collecting conveyor belt (78), and a corn stirring arm (83) is arranged in the corn collecting basket (81).
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| CN114946389A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-08-30 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn separator with compression bar conveying structure and method thereof |
| CN115997547B (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-06-16 | 九方泰禾国际重工(青岛)股份有限公司 | Fodder harvester with straw crushing function |
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