CN113273522A - Air supplementing method for air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish - Google Patents
Air supplementing method for air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN113273522A CN113273522A CN202110737849.7A CN202110737849A CN113273522A CN 113273522 A CN113273522 A CN 113273522A CN 202110737849 A CN202110737849 A CN 202110737849A CN 113273522 A CN113273522 A CN 113273522A
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- air
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- supplementing
- storage cover
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 210000004712 air sac Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001454694 Clupeiformes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000277299 Salmoniformes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000277275 Oncorhynchus mykiss Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001275832 Squaliobarbus curriculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture and ocean resource development. Aiming at the problem of how to improve the air supplementing effect of the existing air supplementing method for caisson culture, the air supplementing method for air in the swim bladder of the submerged cultured fish is provided. The method is that one or more air storage covers with downward openings are built in a fish culture net cage, during fish culture in a caisson, air is filled below the air storage covers through an air supplementing feeding pipe, floating granulated feed is fed, and cultured fishes are induced to swallow the air bubbles and/or air remained in the air storage covers by utilizing air bubbles, the floating granulated feed and a light induction mode, so that escaping air in air bladders of the cultured fishes is supplemented, and healthy growth of the cultured fishes is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture and ocean resource development, and relates to a method for supplementing air in swim bladders of submerged cultured fishes.
Background
The negative effect of the offshore net cage fish culture on the environment has attracted people's attention, and the development of the seawater fish culture from the offshore net cage to the offshore (deep open sea) net cage has become the inevitable choice for the sustainable development of the mariculture industry. People often need to submerge the fish-raising net cages in a certain water layer under water in stages so as to utilize cold water resources at the lower part of the summer ocean or deeper water body to avoid enemy organisms of the cultured fishes or continuously avoid typhoons. However, the long-term sinking of the net cage under water for cultivation can affect the normal life and growth of some fishes.
The research on swimming bladder fishes (also called swim bladder fishes and swimming bladder fishes) by people discovers that after the fishes are continuously limited to live underwater for two weeks, gas in the swimming bladders can be partially lost and cannot be supplemented, the buoyancy of a fish body is influenced, the swimming speed of the fishes is accelerated, the growth speed of the fishes is reduced, and the fishes are deformed in serious cases. Therefore, for the fishes, the air should be supplemented to the air bladders lost qi during the long-time caisson culture.
In the prior art, researchers design an air supplement device which is arranged in a net cage and pumps air into the net cage through an air supplement pipe, however, the cultivation practice shows that the effect of supplementing air for swim bladders by the air supplement device is not good. This may be related to many farmed fish not finding the presence of air in the air supplement, except that the air supplement built into the cage may not be very large. The inventor finds that the key point for improving the air supplementing effect of the swimming bladder is to induce the cultured fishes to find that available air exists in the air supplementing device by adopting various ways in the research process of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for supplementing air in swim bladders for submerged fish culture, aiming at solving the problem of how to improve the air supplementing effect of the existing air supplementing method for caisson culture.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish comprises the following steps:
(1) a gas storage cover is arranged at the fixed position of the fish-farming net cage, a lamp is arranged in the gas storage cover, and an outlet of the air-replenishing feeding pipe is arranged below the gas storage cover;
(2) in the early stage of fish culture in the caisson, turning on the light a period of time before the sinking pellet feed is fed into the whole caisson every day, turning off the light after the sinking pellet feed is fed into the whole caisson for the last time, and continuing for a plurality of days, so that the cultured fishes can realize the relevance between turning on the light and feeding, approach to and find the air stored in the air storage cover, and swallow the air;
(3) in the next period, the light is turned on at first a period of time before the full net cage is thrown every day, the floating granulated feed is continuously and slightly thrown in along with pumped air through the air replenishing feeding pipe, the thrown floating granulated feed finally floats to the air storage cover, and the cultured fishes swallow the air in the air storage cover when swallowing the floating granulated feed floating on the water surface of the air storage cover; then the sinking granulated feed is fed into the whole net cage, and meanwhile, the floating granulated feed is not fed into the air-replenishing feeding pipe; turning off the light after the last time of feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage is finished every day, and stopping the work of feeding the feeding pipe by supplementing air;
(4) and turning on the light a period of time before the first time of feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage every day, filling air into the air supplementing feeding pipe, turning off the light after the last time of feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage is finished, and stopping the work of the air supplementing feeding pipe.
Further: the gas storage cover is a container with a downward opening and is fixed on a central upright post and/or a truss structure of the net cage; the light color of the lamp can make the cultured fish approach, find the air stored in the air storage cover and swallow the air, and supplement the gas escaping from the air bladder.
Further: and fish behavior monitoring equipment is arranged below the gas storage cover.
Further: the gas storage cover is umbrella-shaped or bell-shaped.
Further: the light color of the lamp is blue.
Further: the floating granulated feed is thrown below the air storage cover along with air through the lower opening of the air supply feeding pipe and finally floats on the water surface in the air storage cover.
Further: the duration of the step (2) is 2-5 days; the duration of the step (3) is 5-10 days.
Further: and (4) turning on the lamp 20-40min before feeding every day.
Further: an LED lamp is adopted.
Further: the cultured fish is swimming bladder fish.
Further: the cultured fish is of Salmoniformes, Cypriniformes or Clupeiformes.
According to the method, the cultured fishes can swallow floating air bubbles to supplement air in the swim bladders, and can also chase the air bubbles to enter the air storage cover to swallow air; when the cultured fishes swallow the granulated feed floating on the water surface, the cultured fishes can simultaneously swallow the air in the air storage cover, thereby achieving the purposes of finding the air in the air storage cover and supplementing the air in the swim bladder by the fishes.
The method is very important for the tubine swim bladder fishes which submerge for a long time because the cold water resources at the lower part of the water body are utilized in summer to avoid the enemy organisms of the cultured fishes or continuously avoid typhoons, and can effectively supplement the gas in the swim bladder of the cultured fishes and ensure the healthy growth of the swim bladder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gas supply device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting position of the air supply device according to the embodiment.
Wherein, 1, a gas storage cover; 2. feeding tube for air supply; 3. a power line; 4. a lamp; 5. a central upright post; 6. a net cage.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
Taking the squaliobarbus curriculus caisson culture as an example, the air supplementing method for air in the squaliobarbus curriculus in the submerged culture comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging one or more umbrella-shaped air storage covers 1 made of seawater corrosion resistant materials in the aquaculture net cage, wherein as shown in figures 1 and 2, an LED lamp 4 is arranged in each air storage cover 1, and an outlet of an air supply feeding pipe 2 is arranged below each air storage cover 1; the gas storage cover 1 is a container with a downward opening and is fixed on a central upright post and/or a truss structure of the net cage; the LED lamp 4 has blue light color and 0.50W/m power2(ii) a The power of the LED lamp 4 is supplied by a power cord 3 connected to the gas holder.
Secondly, after the fishes are cultured in a sinking way for 3 days, pumping air into the air storage cover 1 through the air supply feeding pipe 2; after the air storage cover 1 is filled with air, the LED lamps 4 in the air storage cover 1 are turned on before the sinking pellet feed is thrown for 30 minutes by using the whole net cage of the feeding system each time, so that the cultured fishes gradually realize the relevance between the turning on and feeding, are induced to approach, find the air stored in the air storage cover 1 and swallow the air; and turning off the lamp 4 after the last feeding of the sinking pellet feed in the whole net cage is finished every day.
Thirdly, after 5 days of fish culture in the caisson, continuously feeding a small amount of floating granulated feed along with pumped air through the air replenishing feeding pipe 2 before feeding the sinking granulated feed by using the full net cage of the feeding system for 30 minutes each time; the thrown floating pellet feed finally floats to the air storage cover 1, and the cultured fishes swallow the floating pellet feed floating on the water surface of the air storage cover 1 and simultaneously swallow the air in the air storage cover 1; stopping feeding the floating granulated feed before feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage; and turning off the lamp 4 after the last time of feeding the sinking pellet feed in the whole net cage is finished every day, and stopping the work of the air-supplementing feeding pipe 2.
And fourthly, after 10 days of fish culture in the caisson, turning on a light 4 before the feeding system full net cage is used for feeding the sinking granulated feed for the first time every day for 30 minutes, filling air through the air supplementing feeding pipe 2, turning off the light after the last feeding of the sinking granulated feed is finished, and enabling the air supplementing feeding pipe 2 to work.
A fish behavior monitoring device can be arranged below the gas storage cover 1 in the breeding net cage, and the time and the duration of turning on the lamp 4, inflating and throwing the floating granulated feed are adjusted by observing the behavior of the bred fish according to the density and the specification of the bred fish.
Experiments show that the culture effect of the fish treated by aeration and the gas storage hood is obviously improved after the oncorhynchus mykiss with the initial specification of 63.84 +/-2.03 g is cultured in a caisson for 35 days (see the following table). After 35 days of caisson culture, the growth rate of the Oncorhynchus Mykiss decreases by 23.5%, and the mortality rate increases by 23.08%. If the aeration bubble is increased, the growth rate of the fish is improved by 7.69 percent and the death rate is reduced by 7.69 percent compared with that of the fish treated by the caisson. If the air storage cover is added on the basis of the inflatable bubble, the growth rate is improved by 16.41 percent compared with that of the caisson treatment, and no death phenomenon occurs. It is expected that if feeding luring and lighting luring are added, the cultured fishes can find and utilize the air in the air storage cover more easily, and the culture effect is further improved.
TABLE 1 air-supplementing trout-breeding effect after caisson
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for tonifying air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) a gas storage cover is arranged at the fixed position of the fish-farming net cage, a lamp is arranged in the gas storage cover, and an outlet of the air-replenishing feeding pipe is arranged below the gas storage cover;
(2) in the early stage of fish culture in the caisson, turning on the light a period of time before the sinking pellet feed is fed into the whole caisson every day, turning off the light after the sinking pellet feed is fed into the whole caisson for the last time, and continuing for a plurality of days, so that the cultured fishes can realize the relevance between turning on the light and feeding, approach to and find the air stored in the air storage cover, and swallow the air;
(3) in the next period, the light is turned on at first a period of time before the full net cage is thrown every day, the floating granulated feed is continuously and slightly thrown in along with pumped air through the air replenishing feeding pipe, the thrown floating granulated feed finally floats to the air storage cover, and the cultured fishes swallow the air in the air storage cover when swallowing the floating granulated feed floating on the water surface of the air storage cover; then the sinking granulated feed is fed into the whole net cage, and meanwhile, the floating granulated feed is not fed into the air-replenishing feeding pipe; turning off the light after the last time of feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage is finished every day, and stopping the work of feeding the feeding pipe by supplementing air;
(4) and turning on the light a period of time before the first time of feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage every day, filling air into the air supplementing feeding pipe, turning off the light after the last time of feeding the sinking granulated feed into the whole net cage is finished, and stopping the work of the air supplementing feeding pipe.
2. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the gas storage cover is a container with a downward opening and is fixed on a central upright post and/or a truss structure of the net cage; the light color of the lamp can make the cultured fish approach.
3. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fish behavior monitoring equipment is arranged below the gas storage cover.
4. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the gas storage cover is umbrella-shaped or bell-shaped.
5. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the light color of the lamp is blue.
6. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the floating granulated feed is thrown below the air storage cover along with air through the lower opening of the air supply feeding pipe and finally floats on the water surface in the air storage cover.
7. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the duration of the step (2) is 2-5 days; the duration of the step (3) is 5-10 days.
8. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: and (4) turning on the lamp 20-40min before feeding every day.
9. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the cultured fish is swimming bladder fish.
10. The method for supplementing air in swim bladder of submerged fish in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the cultured fish is of the order Salmoniformes, Cypriniformes or Clupeiformes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110737849.7A CN113273522B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Air supplementing method for air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110737849.7A CN113273522B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Air supplementing method for air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish |
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| CN113273522A true CN113273522A (en) | 2021-08-20 |
| CN113273522B CN113273522B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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| CN202110737849.7A Active CN113273522B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Air supplementing method for air in swim bladder of submerged cultured fish |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114342869A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-15 | 中国海洋大学 | Swimming bladder air supplementing device and method for submerged culture of cold-water fishes in warm sea area in summer |
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| CN107396860A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-28 | 舒城县万佛湖渔业总公司 | A kind of cultural method of cellular-type net cage feeding mixing fish |
| CN107821267A (en) * | 2017-09-24 | 2018-03-23 | 中国海洋大学 | It is a kind of be used for can decanter type fish culture cage making-up air device |
| CN111869618A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-03 | 日照市万泽丰渔业有限公司 | Air supplement device for settleable fish culture net cage |
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2021
- 2021-06-30 CN CN202110737849.7A patent/CN113273522B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101329040A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2008-12-24 | 西安立明电子科技有限责任公司 | Underwater fishing lamp for high-power blue green light LED ship |
| CN107114287A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-09-01 | 金成旭 | Cultivation apparatus in salmon class water |
| CN107087730A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-25 | 曾坚 | Soft inflated buoyancy feed |
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| CN114342869A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-15 | 中国海洋大学 | Swimming bladder air supplementing device and method for submerged culture of cold-water fishes in warm sea area in summer |
| CN114342869B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-01-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Swimming bladder air supplementing device and method for submerged culture of cold-water fishes in warm sea area in summer |
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| CN113273522B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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