JP2008220204A - Culture equipment for fishery product on water and method for culturing fishery product on water - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide new culture equipment for culturing fishery products on water capable of efficiently and economically drawing up deep sea water rich in nutritive value and utilizing the water for culturing the fishery products, and to provide a method for culturing the fishery products on water. <P>SOLUTION: The equipment is used for culturing the fishery products while feeding the deep sea water into a culture vessel 10 floated or fixed near the water surface. The culture vessel 10 is connected to a pumping passage 20 extending from the culture vessel 10 to the vicinity of the sea bottom and equipped with a bubble feeding means 30 for feeding bubbles containing oxygen to the pumping passage 20. Hence, the deep sea water rich in the nutritive value can efficiently and economically be drawn up, according to a rising stream of the bubbles and utilized for culturing the fishery products. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an aquatic aquaculture facility and an aquatic aquaculture method using deep water containing abundant nutrients such as deep sea water.

In general, deep sea water that exists in large quantities in the deep sea of several hundred meters to several thousand meters or more is rich in nutrient salts (minerals) such as phosphorus and nitrogen, and has a constant temperature and contains almost no pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is being considered that this is pumped up to near the sea surface where sunlight can reach sufficiently and used for fishing grounds for marine products such as kelp and abalone and marine greening.
For example, in the following Patent Document 1, a pipe that hangs down to a deep water region and pumps deep water is provided, a deep water discharge opening is provided at an upper portion thereof, and a ballast for stably floating is provided at the lower portion thereof. There has been proposed an invention relating to a large-scale marine fishing ground system in which a plurality of deep water pumping devices using a floating structure are arranged, and a plurality of fish cages for culturing seafood are arranged downstream of the deep water pumping device.

  In Patent Document 2 below, a thermally conductive hollow pipe capable of connecting a surface layer region and a deep layer region is prepared, the pipe is filled with deep water, and one end of the pipe is sealed. Place one end of the pipe filled with seawater in the surface layer area and the other end in the deep layer area. Leave the seawater in the pipe until it is substantially equal to the seawater outside the pipe, and then seal the pipe. An invention relating to a method of pumping deep water that has been cancelled has been proposed.

Patent Document 3 below proposes an invention related to a fishing ground that includes a deep water pumping device that pumps deep water and a staying tank that is installed in the sea and retains deep water.
Furthermore, various techniques for pumping such useful deep ocean water to the vicinity of the sea surface have been proposed.
For example, in Patent Document 4 below, an uplift pipe moored to a sinker submerged in a seabed at a depth of 300 to 600 m or deeper, and a luminescent layer mainly connected to the upper end of the uplift pipe and whose main body is shallower than a depth of 100 m. The deep ocean is composed of an underwater floating body that floats under the surface of the water, draws deep water of the above depth through the upwelling pipe, sucks the surface water from the suction port, mixes them, and discharges them from the discharge port to the light layer as a density flow Inventions related to a water pumping and diffusing device have been proposed.

Patent Document 5 below relates to a deep water pumping device including a floating body, a pump provided on the floating body, a riser pipe for pumping deep water, and a wind power generator provided on the floating body. An invention has been proposed.
Furthermore, as shown in Patent Document 6 below, the present inventor forms a bubble outlet in a pipe extending from the bottom of the water to the vicinity of the water surface, generates bubbles from the bubble outlet in water under high water pressure, and buoyancy of the bubbles. We have already proposed a technology that draws water from the bottom of the water near the surface of the water by using it to generate a water flow.

In recent years, a method has also been proposed in which artificial submarine mountains such as blocks are formed on the continental shelf to circulate deep water to the water surface.
JP 2001-292658 A JP 2001-336479 A JP 2003-333955 A JP 2000-27748 A JP 2003-343447 A JP 2004-183637 A

  By the way, in order to realize marine product culture and marine greening by utilizing such deep seawater with rich nutritional value, it is necessary to pump a large amount of deep seawater that exists at a high depth to the sea surface. In the above-described conventional technology, since the power is driven by mechanical power such as a pump or a steam turbine, a large amount of electric power or fossil fuel is consumed during its operation, which is economically profitable. There is a problem that does not fit.

In addition, the method of creating artificial submarine mountains such as blocks on the continental shelf and circulating deep water to the water surface side requires large-scale offshore construction, so it is not economically feasible and expected. It is also possible to cause environmental damage.
In addition, since sufficient oxygen is not dissolved in the deep sea water drawn from the seabed, marine products such as zooplankton and seafood that require oxygen show remarkable growth as expected. There is no problem.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised to effectively solve such problems, and its purpose is to efficiently and economically pump deep ocean water rich in nutrients and use it for aquaculture. It is intended to provide a novel aquatic aquaculture equipment and aquatic aquaculture method that can be carried out.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an aquatic aquaculture facility and a marine aquaculture method in which the growth of marine products is more remarkable than usual.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1
A facility for cultivating marine products while supplying deep water in an aquaculture tank floated or fixed near the water surface, and connected to the aquaculture tank and a pumping path extending to the vicinity of the bottom of the fish tank. The aquatic aquaculture equipment is characterized by further comprising bubble supply means for supplying bubbles containing oxygen.

The invention of claim 2
The marine product aquaculture facility according to claim 1, wherein the aquaculture tank has a water supply port for introducing deep water pumped up in the pumping channel at one end portion of the main body of the aquaculture tank formed in a boat shape. It is a marine product aquaculture facility characterized by having a drain outlet at the end.
The invention of claim 3
The marine product aquaculture facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aquaculture tank has a double bottom structure in which the bottom of the aquaculture tank body formed in a boat shape is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate. The upper plate is a marine product aquaculture facility characterized by comprising a perforated plate or a net-like plate.

The invention of claim 4
The aquatic aquaculture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aquaculture tank is detachable from the pumping channel.
The invention of claim 5
5. The aquaculture equipment according to claim 1, wherein the bubble supply means includes a compressor that compresses air in the atmosphere, a tank that stores air compressed by the compressor, and the tank And a nozzle for generating air bubbles by blowing compressed air into the pumping channel.

The invention of claim 6
6. The aquatic aquaculture facility according to claim 5, wherein the compressor is driven by an electric motor generated by a power generator using either one or both of wind power generation and solar power generation. Equipment.
The invention of claim 7
6. The aquatic aquaculture facility according to claim 5, wherein the compressor is driven by a windmill that is operated by wind on the water.

On the other hand, the invention of claim 8
A method for cultivating marine products while supplying deep water in an aquaculture tank that is floated or fixed near the water surface, wherein the aquaculture tank is connected to a pumping path that extends to the vicinity of the bottom of the tank, and the pumping path An aquatic aquaculture method characterized in that bubbles are supplied inside to generate an upward flow, and deep water near the bottom of the water is pumped up and supplied into the culture tank.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when bubbles containing oxygen are supplied to the pumping path by the bubble supplying means, the bubbles rise in the pumping path, and accordingly, an upward flow is generated in the pumping path. And by this upward flow, deep water from the bottom of the pumping path is sequentially sucked into the pumping path and rises (pumped), and then flows from the upper part into the aquaculture tank floating or fixed near the water surface. .

As a result, the deep ocean water rich in nutrients can be pumped efficiently and economically and used for aquaculture. And will grow well.
Furthermore, since this bubble is a gas containing a large amount of oxygen such as air, a large amount of oxygen dissolves into the deep water during the rise of the pumping channel, so that deep water rich in oxygen can be supplied.

As a result, marine products such as phytoplankton and seafood that require oxygen grow well, so that the surrounding fishing ground environment can be improved as well as the inside of the aquaculture tank.
According to the invention described in claim 2, the aquaculture tank has a water supply inlet for introducing deep water pumped up in the pumping channel at one end portion of the aquaculture tank main body formed in a substantially boat shape, Since it has a drain outlet at the other end, the deep layer water pumped up from the pumping channel can be satisfactorily and continuously supplied to the entire culture tank.

According to the invention of claim 3, the culture tank further has a double bottom structure in which the bottom part of the culture tank body formed in a substantially boat shape is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate. Since the plate is composed of a perforated plate or a net-like plate, it is possible to construct an aquaculture system having a material circulation as a core as described later.
According to the invention of claim 4, since the aquaculture tank is detachable from the pumping channel, only the aquaculture tank is towed to the port by a tugboat etc. Seafood such as Moreover, only this aquaculture tank can be exchanged for a new one if necessary.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the bubble supply means includes a compressor that compresses air in the atmosphere, a tank that stores air compressed by the compressor, and the compressed air in the tank as the pumping path. And a nozzle that generates bubbles by blowing into the tank, so that air containing a large amount of oxygen is pressurized by a compressor and stored in the tank, and is appropriately blown from the nozzle into the pumping path to generate bubbles. Can do.
According to the inventions of claims 6 and 7, since the compressor uses clean energy such as wind power or sunlight, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the surrounding environment, and to supply power and fuel. Inconveniences such as cutting can be avoided in advance.

On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 8, as in the invention of claim 1, the deep-sea water rich in nutrition can be pumped efficiently and economically and used for aquaculture. The kelp and abalone that are cultivated inside will always be exposed to nutrient-rich deep water and grow well.
Furthermore, since the oxygen in the bubbles dissolves into the deep water during the rise of the pumping channel, deep water rich in oxygen can be supplied.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1-6 shows one Embodiment of the fishery product aquaculture equipment 100 based on this invention.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, this marine product aquaculture equipment 100 includes an aquaculture tank 10 suspended near the sea surface offshore of the ocean, a pumping path 20 extending from the culture tank 10 to the vicinity of the bottom of the water, and the pumping path. 20 is mainly composed of bubble supply means 30 for supplying bubbles containing oxygen.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, the aquaculture tank 10 has a water supply port 12 at one end of an aquaculture tank main body 11 formed in a substantially boat shape and a drainage port 13 at the other end. After the deep water pumped in the channel 20 is introduced from the water supply port 12 into the culture tank main body 11, the water is sequentially discharged from the drain port 13. The drainage port 13 is covered with a net member 14, which prevents marine products such as kelp and abalone cultivated in the culture tank body 11 from flowing out and harmful marine organisms that eat these marine products. (Such as fish) is prevented from entering.

In addition, the bottom of the culture tank main body 11 of the culture tank 10 has a double bottom structure composed of an upper plate 15 and a lower plate 17, and the upper plate 15 is made of a porous plate or a net-like plate (mesh). It is possible to seize marine products to be cultivated. That is, seaweeds, abalone, fish, and the like grow on the upper plate 15, and feces that have passed through the upper plate 15 accumulate in mud on the lower plate 17. Living organisms that eat bottom mud are growing.
In addition, three floating bodies (floats) 16 each having a substantially cylindrical shape are attached to both sides of the upper end of the culture tank main body 11 so as to surround the culture tank main body 11. It floats in the vicinity and floats stably.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the pumping channel 20 is composed of a tubular body (pipe) 21 made of resin, metal, or the like that extends substantially vertically from the aquaculture tank 10 to the vicinity of the bottom of the water. The opening 22 side is located near the seabed, so that the deep water near it is pumped up to the sea surface. A discharge port 24 is formed in the vicinity of the upper opening 23 of the tubular body 21, and deep water pumped up in communication with the culture tank 10 through a connecting pipe 25 extending substantially horizontally from the outlet 24 is cultured. It guides in the tank 10. Further, as shown in the figure, the discharge port 24 of the pumping channel 20 and the water supply port 12 of the culture tank 10 are detachable (connectable and separable) via a connecting pipe 25. Further, a flow direction adjusting plate 26 inclined toward the discharge port 24 is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port 24 of the pumping channel 20, and guides deep water that has risen in the pumping channel 20 toward the discharge port 24. It is supposed to be. Note that the bottom of the pumping path 20 is fixed to the seabed side by an anchor (not shown) so as not to be washed away by a sea current or the like. The size (inner diameter) of the tubular body 21 is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of a polyethylene pipe with an inner diameter of 270 mm, in the case of using a conventional pump, the depth is from 374 m to 4000 m ³ / day. Water intake is possible.

  On the other hand, the bubble supply means 30 includes a base 31 that floats on the sea surface, a power generation device 34 such as a solar power generation panel 32 and a wind power generator 33 mounted on the base 31, and power generation by the power generation device 34. A compressor 35 having an electric motor (not shown) driven by the generated electric power, a tank 36 for storing air compressed by the compressor 35, a nozzle 37 attached to the lower end of the pumping path 20, and It mainly consists of a control circuit that does not.

  The air in the atmosphere is compressed by the compressor 35 and stored in the tank 36. When the internal pressure of the tank 36 reaches a predetermined pressure, the control circuit opens a valve (not shown) and is stored in the tank 36. Compressed air is sent to the nozzle 37 through the pressure-resistant pipe 38, and compressed air is blown into the pumping path 20 from the nozzle 37 to generate bubbles.

Here, the air pressure of the compressed air sent from the compressor 35 to the nozzle 37 differs depending on the position of the nozzle 37, that is, the relationship with the water pressure. For example, if roughly calculated to be 1 atmosphere 10 m, the pressure is about 300. If it is about atmospheric pressure, it becomes possible to send compressed air sufficiently to the deep sea of about 3000 m.
The compressor 35 is driven by a power generation device 34 such as a solar power generation panel 32 or a wind power generator 33, and the rotating shaft of the wind turbine constituting the wind power generator 33 is directly or via a transmission. Then, it may be connected to the shaft of the compressor 35 and directly driven by the rotational force of the wind turbine.

Next, the operation and effect of the aquaculture equipment 100 of the present invention having such a configuration will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the air compressed by the compressor 35 of the bubble supply means 30 is stored in a tank 36, and when it reaches a predetermined pressure, it is sent to a nozzle 37 via a pressure-resistant pipe 38, and from the nozzle 37 to the pumping path 20. After being blown out, the inside of the pumping channel 20 is lifted by the buoyancy. Then, the volume of the bubbles expands with a decrease in the water pressure at the time of the rising, and further, the bubbles are accelerated and accelerated in the pumping path 20 and then released into the atmosphere from the upper opening 23. When 1 cm ³ bubbles are generated at a depth of 1000 m, 100 ³ bubbles are generated on the surface of the water, and the buoyancy increases the water in the pumping path 20.

As a result, an upward flow of seawater is constantly generated in the pumping channel 20, and accordingly, deep water flows into the pumping channel 20 as if being drawn from the lower opening 22 of the pumping channel 20, and the pumping channel The inside of the tank 20 is pumped up and flows into the aquaculture tank 10 from the discharge port 24 through the connecting pipe 25.
The deep water that has flowed into the aquaculture tank 10 contributes to the growth of seaweed and abalone cultivated in the aquaculture tank 10, and is then discharged from the drain outlet 13 and further surrounding marine greening, etc. Will be used.

As described above, the aquaculture equipment 100 according to the present invention uses the buoyancy of bubbles to pump deep water, so that it can efficiently and economically pump deep sea water with rich nutritional value. It can be used for aquaculture.
Furthermore, since this bubble is a gas containing a large amount of oxygen, a large amount of oxygen is dissolved in the deep water during the ascending of the pumping channel 20, so that deep water rich in oxygen can be supplied.

As a result, marine products such as phytoplankton and seafood that require oxygen grow well, so that the surrounding fishing ground environment can be improved as well as the inside of the culture tank 10.
In addition, seaweeds, fish, shellfish, etc. can be cultivated at a stable water temperature, and at the same time, the abundant minerals contained in deep water can be supplied to the surrounding sea area. Greening can also be achieved.

In addition, when algae and other seaweeds are also cultivated at the same time when abalone and other shellfish are cultivated in the aquaculture tank 10, the abalone and other shellfish grow using the seaweed as a bait. This eliminates the need to supply food and saves labor.
Further, since the bottom of the aquaculture tank 10 has a double bottom structure and the upper plate 15 side is a perforated plate or a net-like plate (mesh), feces such as abalone and fish are placed on the bottom of the aquaculture tank 10 (lower plate 17). Will accumulate. Therefore, by putting organisms that eat bottom mud, such as sea cucumbers, into the bottom of the aquaculture tank 10, seaweed growth → growth of shellfish that eat seaweed → sea cucumbers that feed on organic matter such as feces generated from shellfish An aquaculture system centered on material circulation such as growth can be constructed in one aquaculture tank 10.

Further, the deep water pumped up in this way has a stable temperature throughout the year, and maintains a water temperature of 15 to 20 ° where abalone grows, so that it grows quickly. In addition, it is easy to cultivate seaweeds such as kelp, seaweed, and sea bream because of its low temperature stability, abundant inorganic salts, and cleanliness.
In addition, since marine products such as phytoplankton and seafood that require oxygen grow well, it is possible to improve the surrounding fishing ground environment as well as the aquaculture tank.

In addition, seaweeds, abalone, and sea cucumbers grow just by floating on the sea, so there is little effort in maintenance.
In addition, since the energy generated by the bubbles uses clean energy using either or both of wind power generation and solar power generation, the influence of the surrounding environment can be eliminated, and power supply and Inconveniences such as running out of fuel can be avoided in advance.

  The compressor 35 constituting a part of the bubble supply means 30 is driven directly by a power generation device 34 such as a solar power generation panel 32 and a wind power generator 33 or by a windmill. If a power generation panel 32 and a wind power generator (windmill) 33 are provided, the power generated by the solar power generation panel 32 is used when there is almost no wind. Therefore, it is possible to always generate energy for generating bubbles for pumping deep water.

  If seafood such as seaweeds, abalone, sea cucumbers, etc. have grown sufficiently in the culture tank 10 in this way, the worker enters the culture tank 10 at that location (diving) and collects the grown seafood. However, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the aquaculture tank 10 is separated from the connecting pipe 25 of the pumping channel 20 and replaced with a new aquaculture tank 10 that has been towed from the port. It is also possible to tow to the port, etc., and to take out the entire aquaculture tank 10 and then perform the sampling work on land.

As a result, the sampling operation can be performed more easily and reliably, and maintenance and repair operations such as cleaning of the aquaculture tank 10 can be easily performed on land.
In addition, after the maintenance and repair work has been completed, the aquaculture tank 10 is timed so that the seaweed planting and abalone and other young shellfish are released, and then towed offshore to replace the old culture tank 10 By doing so, an efficient aquaculture business can be realized.

  Further, in this case, as shown in FIG. 6, in the aquatic aquaculture equipment 100 of the present invention, if the bubble supplying means 30 is fixed by the anchor 50, the inconvenience of being swept away by the tide is eliminated. be able to. Moreover, as shown in the drawing, the environment in which seaweeds grow around the culture tank 10 is also effective as a hiding place for fry fish. Furthermore, since seaweeds grow well in the surroundings of the aquaculture tank 10 due to the deep water discharged from the aquaculture tank 10, it is possible to create a spawning place for fish that lay eggs in the flow algae such as saury.

  In the present embodiment, the fishery aquaculture equipment 100 of the present invention has been described in an example installed in the ocean, but since deep water with high nutritional value exists not only in the ocean, but also in lakes and swamps, Of course, the present invention may be applied to the case where freshwater fish and the like are cultivated by installing the aquaculture equipment 100 in a lake or the like. Further, the aquaculture tank 10 may be used while being floated on the water surface by a floating body 16 or may be fixed and used via a seabed structure, for example. Further, in the present embodiment, the aquaculture tank 10 is formed in a boat shape, and the structure is such that deep water is supplied by connecting the pumping channel 20 to the end thereof. It is not limited to this, For example, you may form in a fan shape or a circle. Further, there may be two or more pumping channels 20 connected to the culture tank 10, and a structure that is directly connected to the center of the culture tank 10 or the like may be used.

1 is an overall view showing an embodiment of an aquaculture equipment 100 according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the aquaculture tank. 1 is a plan view showing an aquaculture equipment 100 according to the present invention. It is a top view which shows the state which cut | disconnected the culture tank 10 from the pumping path 20, etc. FIG. It is a top view which shows the state which is towing only the culture tank 10 with the tugboat 40. FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the state which installed the marine product aquaculture equipment 100 which concerns on this invention in the offshore of the ocean.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Aquaculture equipment 10 ... Aquaculture tank 11 ... Aquaculture tank body 12 ... Water supply port 13 ... Drainage port 14 ... Net member 15 ... Upper plate (perforated plate or mesh plate (mesh))
16 ... Floating body
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 17 ... Lower plate 20 ... Pumping channel 21 ... Tubular body 22 ... Lower opening 23 ... Upper opening 24 ... Discharge port 25 ... Connecting pipe 26 ... Flow direction adjusting plate 30 ... Bubble supply means 31 ... Base 32 ... Solar power generation panel 33 ... Wind generator (windmill)
34 ... Power generation device 35 ... Compressor 36 ... Tank 37 ... Nozzle 38 ... Pressure resistant pipe 40 ... Tug boat 50 ... Anchor

Claims (8)

A facility for cultivating marine products while supplying deep water into an aquaculture tank floating or fixed near the water surface,
An aquatic aquaculture facility characterized in that a pumping path extending to the bottom of the water is connected to the aquaculture tank, and a bubble supplying means for supplying bubbles containing oxygen to the pumping path is provided. In the marine product aquaculture equipment according to claim 1,
The aquaculture tank has a water supply port for introducing deep water pumped up in the pumping channel at one end of a culture tank body formed in a substantially boat shape, and a drainage port at the other end. Seafood aquaculture equipment. In the marine product aquaculture equipment according to claim 1 or 2,
The aquaculture tank has a double bottom structure in which the bottom of the aquaculture tank body formed in a substantially boat shape is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate, and the upper plate is made of a perforated plate or a net-like plate. Marine aquaculture equipment characterized by that. In the marine product aquaculture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The aquaculture equipment, wherein the aquaculture tank is detachable from the pumping channel. In the marine product aquaculture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The bubble supply means includes a compressor that compresses air in the atmosphere, a tank that stores air compressed by the compressor, a nozzle that blows compressed air in the tank into the pumping path, and generates bubbles. A marine aquaculture facility characterized by comprising: In the seafood aquaculture facility according to claim 5,
The aquaculture equipment, wherein the compressor is driven by an electric motor that is generated by a power generation device that uses either or both of wind power generation and solar power generation. In the seafood aquaculture facility according to claim 5,
The aquaculture equipment for aquatic products, wherein the compressor is driven by a windmill that is operated by wind on the water. A method for cultivating marine products while supplying deep water into an aquaculture tank floating or fixed near the water surface,
A pumping channel extending to the bottom of the water is connected to the aquaculture tank, and air bubbles are supplied into the pumping tank to generate an upward flow in the pumping tank, and deep water near the bottom of the water is pumped up into the culture tank. A marine product aquaculture method characterized by supplying.

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