CN113266609A

CN113266609A - Hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device and heat pump

Info

Publication number: CN113266609A
Application number: CN202110692071.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅朝清; 李赛; 傅皓
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-06-02
Filing date: 2021-06-22
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-22
Also published as: CN113266609B

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency hydrothermal liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a heat pump, and belongs to the field of compressors and heat pumps. The hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device compresses low-grade vapor or secondary vapor with the same component by using pressurized saturated vapor condensate, namely hydrothermal fluid, and because the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid is high, the low-grade vapor or the secondary vapor is not condensed, but is compressed in high-speed two-phase flow, the whole compression process is carried out under the condition of a large amount of hydrothermal fluid, for example, MVR, all mechanical compressors and vapor injection heat pumps cannot occur, and during adiabatic compression, more than 80% of energy is consumed in heating and overheating, and less than 20% of energy is used for pressurization; therefore, the energy consumption is low, and the supercharging ratio is high; the heat pump formed by the heat pump, the evaporator, the rectifying tower and the like can complete the target productivity without boiler steam and cooling water, thereby achieving the purposes of green, low carbon, carbon reduction and efficiency improvement; in addition, the secondary capacity expansion separation chamber is used as a secondary capacity expansion evaporation chamber of the evaporator and has the characteristics of high evaporation efficiency and good gas-liquid separation; the application field is extremely wide.

Description

Hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device and heat pump

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of compressors and heat pumps, in particular to a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a heat pump.

Background

It is known that: the utilization of low-grade steam or secondary steam is a major subject of energy conservation and emission reduction, green low-carbon economy, carbon neutralization and circular economy at present.

In the prior art, the following method is generally adopted to realize energy-saving utilization of low-grade steam or secondary steam.

1. Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) technique

The MVR is an energy-saving technology for reusing energy of secondary steam generated by evaporation so as to reduce the requirement on external energy, and the working process of the MVR is to compress the secondary steam through an MVR compressor, improve the temperature and the pressure, increase the enthalpy and then enter an evaporator for condensation so as to fully utilize the latent heat of the steam. Except for starting, no steam is needed in the whole evaporation process; therefore, the secondary steam which is originally discarded is fully utilized, the latent heat is recovered, the heat efficiency is improved, and the economical efficiency is equivalent to multi-effect evaporation of 20 effects. However, the MVR investment at one time is larger than that of multi-effect evaporation, and generally the MVR investment is more than 1.5 times of that of the multi-effect evaporation. In addition, the multi-effect evaporation has short construction period due to no special equipment, and the MVR has longer production period due to special compressor equipment, and the construction period is 3 times of that of the multi-effect evaporation. In addition, in view of the difficult compression of water vapor, MVR compression, like other adiabatic compression, is ultimately necessarily in a superheated state, where more than 80% of the energy is consumed for warming and superheating and less than 20% of the energy is used for supercharging. Taking 100 ℃ secondary steam as an example, the maximum saturation temperature rise of the MVR single-stage compressor is calculated to be 8 ℃ and become 108 ℃ saturated steam, see table 1, the compression ratio is about 1.32, which is an ideal point of the existing mechanical compression design, at this time, exactly 20% of the steam is used for pressurization, 80% of the steam is used for temperature rise and overheating, two MVR single-stage compressors are connected in series for saturation and temperature rise to be 16 ℃, namely, each single-stage compressor is saturated and temperature rise to be 8 ℃, and the use range is limited.

In addition, in order to ensure the long-period safe and stable operation of the mechanical vapor recompressor MVR, the salt content or other corrosive solute content in the secondary vapor entering the mechanical vapor recompressor MVR is required to be lower than 10ppm, while the evaporation efficiency of the evaporation chambers of the traditional evaporators at home and abroad is not high, particularly, the vapor-liquid separation is not ideal, and the secondary vapor with the corrosive solute enters downstream equipment and pipelines to cause serious corrosion and incapability of operation; and the problem of serious solute or product loss needs to be solved; MVR has to be equipped with a secondary steam tertiary washing system to solve this problem, increasing both the investment and the energy consumption.

2. Multiple effect evaporation

Taking water vapor as an example, in principle, the multi-effect evaporator is to utilize the latent heat of vaporization of raw steam for many times. However, in any event, the raw steam enters the system in a vapor state and exits the system in a vapor state. The enthalpy difference of steam entering and exiting the system is very small, for example, the steam is generated by saturated water steam at 164 ℃, 706.27kpa, enters the evaporation system, and is discharged out of the system by multi-effect evaporation and 42 ℃ secondary steam, the enthalpy of the steam is shown in table 1, the enthalpy difference is only 2763-. The greater problem is that: the steam generation required in the process depends on combustion or energy consumption, such as coal, petroleum and the like, which are generated by a boiler, and the energy combustion not only generates carbon dioxide emission (namely carbon emission) and the emission of harmful gas, but also can generate the emission of waste residues, waste liquid and the like; the secondary steam condensation has to use a large amount of circulating water, and the circulating water discharges the heat to the atmosphere through a circulating water cooling tower in a water evaporation or air heating mode, so that a large amount of waste heat is discharged to the atmosphere, the environment is polluted, and the air temperature rises.

3. Steam jet heat pump

The steam jet heat pump is also called as a steam jet pump, namely, high-pressure raw steam is expanded in a Laval nozzle of a steam jet ejector to generate supersonic flow, pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy of jet flow, low-grade steam or secondary steam is injected for pressurization, and mixed steam pressure after pressurization is smaller than the raw steam pressure; because the injection coefficient is not more than 1 generally, the utilization rate of low-grade steam or secondary steam is very low and is less than 50 percent; the energy consumption is very high, the raw steam consumption of high pressure is more than 50 percent, and the application is very few so far.

4. Liquid jet type gas compressor

The liquid jet type gas compressor converts the kinetic energy of jet flow through a nozzle by utilizing the pressure energy of liquid, and attracts gas to be compressed and boosted for utilization in a diffuser or a diffuser; generally, the single-nozzle gas compressor is composed of a single nozzle and a single diffuser or diffuser, and is commonly used for compressing gas with different components by normal-temperature liquid, so that the gas is pressurized and becomes saturated or supersaturated gas by the liquid components for utilization, such as water compressed air; if the steam with higher temperature than the liquid is used for compressing the same component, the steam is condensed to become a condenser or a jet vacuum pump due to the temperature difference. There is also an attempt to heat the high-pressure steam condensate by an electric heater to form a superheated condensate, which is lifted by a high-pressure water pump to form the high-pressure superheated condensate, secondary steam is sucked by the existing jet suction device, namely, a liquid jet type gas compressor (a single nozzle is matched with a single diffusion channel), and the secondary steam is mixed and released to form high-pressure high-temperature steam to be used as a heat source again, the secondary steam is completely utilized, but a better two-phase steam-liquid separation scheme is not provided, and the existing jet suction device, namely, the liquid jet type gas compressor, is a single nozzle and a single diffusion channel matched with the single nozzle, the flow rate and the possible compression condition of the superheated condensate are determined by the pressure energy of the superheated condensate, the dispersion degree of the superheated condensate sprayed after the nozzle and the correct matching of the nozzle and the diffusion channel. The same pressure energy, small nozzle, flow are also relatively small, the spray nozzle back spray superheated condensate dispersion degree is high, the compression secondary steam efficiency is high, otherwise along with the increase of the nozzle bore, the flow is correspondingly increased, the superheated condensate dispersion degree after the nozzle is sharply reduced, the compression secondary steam efficiency is sharply reduced, that is to say, the utilization capacity of the compressed secondary steam by adopting the existing jet suction device is limited, and the application range is more limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving the technical problem and provides a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a heat pump capable of efficiently using low-grade vapor or secondary vapor.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention provides a hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, which comprises a hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compressor, a two-stage expansion separation chamber and a hydrothermal solution circulation booster pump, wherein the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device comprises a hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compressor, a two-stage expansion separation chamber and a hydrothermal solution circulation booster pump; the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compressor is provided with a pressurization circulation hydrothermal solution inlet, a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet and a pattern plate of a multi-compression unit outlet; the secondary expansion separation chamber is provided with a two-phase flow inlet, a hot liquid outlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet;

a pressurized hot liquid outlet of the hydrothermal circulation booster pump is communicated with a pressurized circulation hydrothermal liquid inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor; the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet is communicated with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor outlet of an outside device or equipment; the pattern plate at the outlet of the multiple compression units of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor is communicated with the two-phase flow inlet of the secondary expansion separation chamber; a pressurized saturated steam outlet of the secondary expansion separation chamber is communicated with a pressurized saturated steam inlet of an external device or equipment; a hydrothermal solution outlet of the secondary expansion separation chamber is communicated with a hydrothermal solution inlet of the hydrothermal solution circulation booster pump;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device compresses low-grade vapor or secondary vapor to change the low-grade vapor or the secondary vapor into pressurized saturated vapor for utilization or recycling comprises the following steps:

1) pressurizing the pressurized saturated steam condensate or the hot liquid with the same temperature and the same component by a hot liquid circulating booster pump, injecting the pressurized circulating hot liquid from a hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compressor into a liquid chamber, distributing the pressurized circulating hot liquid to a plurality of nozzles through a pattern plate, wherein the number of the nozzles is more than or equal to 2; the steam is sprayed out of the gas-liquid mixing chamber, so that the pressure energy of the hydrothermal solution is converted into kinetic energy to form a conical hydrothermal solution spraying flow, low-grade steam or secondary steam entering the gas-liquid mixing chamber from the outside is sucked, the low-grade steam or the secondary steam enters multiple compression units corresponding to the nozzles one by one through the pattern plates, and the number of the compression units is more than or equal to 2; after the accelerating section of the compression unit is accelerated, the two-phase flow enters the two-phase flow compression section of the compression unit to form sound velocity or supersonic velocity two-phase flow, because the temperature of the hydrothermal solution is higher than that of the low-grade steam or secondary steam which is sucked and consists of the same components, the low-grade steam or secondary steam cannot be condensed, and because the hydrothermal solution has incompressibility, only the low-grade steam or secondary steam can be compressed in the sound velocity or supersonic velocity two-phase flow, at the moment, the hydrothermal solution which is dozens of times higher in mass than the temperature exists, and cannot become supercharged superheated steam, and the highest saturated steam which is at the same temperature as the high-temperature hydrothermal solution, namely supercharged saturated steam, is discharged through a pattern plate at the outlet of the multi-compression unit after the two-phase flow is subjected to pressure expansion through the pressure expansion section and then enters a secondary volume expansion separation chamber;

2) two phases flow into a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber, and firstly enter a first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber, because the cross-sectional area of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber is multiple times of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the multiple compression units, the first capacity expansion and speed reduction are realized by utilizing the principle that the flow rate of fluid is in inverse proportion to the flow area under a certain flow, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy; then the fluid enters a second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber, the cross-sectional area of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber is several times of that of the first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber, kinetic energy is further converted into pressure energy, meanwhile, under a certain flow rate, the pressure of the fluid is inversely proportional to the flow area, so that the pressure reduction of the fluid in the first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber is realized, the pressure energy of the hot liquid is converted into heat energy, and the enthalpy of the compressed steam is supplemented and the temperature is increased; the compressed steam enters a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber to realize that the pressure of the fluid is further reduced in the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber, the pressure energy of the hot liquid is further converted into heat energy, the compressed steam is further supplemented with enthalpy and heated to become saturated steam with the same temperature as the hot liquid, and the pressurized saturated steam is at low pressure; in addition, due to the fact that the two-stage velocity reduction and the two-stage pressure reduction are achieved, the purposes that liquid drops are settled downwards due to the fact that density difference of hot liquid and steam is large, steam is required to rise upwards are met, enough space and residence time are provided, saturated steam is well separated from the hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, and after foam is removed through the efficient umbrella-shaped wire mesh foam remover, due to the fact that the cross-sectional area of a pressurized saturated steam outlet is many times smaller than that of a second-stage expansion separation chamber, gas-liquid separation can be achieved under the scene lower than back pressure; the defoamed saturated steam becomes pressurized saturated steam at a pressurized saturated steam outlet, is discharged at a high speed, and enters a pressurized saturated steam inlet of an external device or equipment to realize utilization or cyclic utilization; the separated liquid drops are settled at the lower part of the second-stage expansion separation chamber and discharged from the hot liquid outlet;

3) hot liquid discharged from a hot liquid outlet of the secondary expansion separation chamber enters a hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump, and after being pressurized, the hot liquid enters the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor from the hot liquid outlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump again to realize cyclic utilization.

The hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit steam compression device utilizes the characteristics of incompressibility of hydrothermal fluid, large density difference of the hydrothermal fluid and steam and small enthalpy difference of saturated steam of different pressures (temperatures) of all substances according to the principles of hydrodynamics, energy conservation and conversion, takes steam as an example, and has the enthalpy difference of only 29kJ/kg between 100 ℃ saturated steam and 120 ℃; the method combines the defects of the prior method for realizing energy-saving utilization of low-grade steam or secondary steam, in particular the defect of a fluid jet type gas compressor consisting of a single nozzle matched with a single diffuser or diffuser, and adopts pressurized saturated steam condensate or hot liquid with the same temperature and the same component to realize the utilization or the cyclic utilization of the pressurized saturated steam obtained by compressing the low-grade steam or the secondary steam with the same component.

The hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compressor comprises a liquid chamber, a gas-liquid mixing chamber and a multi-compression unit chamber, wherein the liquid chamber is provided with a conical end socket or an elliptical end socket and a cylindrical inner cavity;

a conical seal head or an elliptical seal head of the liquid chamber is provided with a pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet; the upper pattern plate of the gas-liquid mixing chamber is provided with a plurality of nozzles, the number of the nozzles is more than or equal to 2 and is communicated with the liquid chamber, the side wall of a cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber is provided with a low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet, a plurality of compression units are arranged in the multi-compression unit chamber and are installed at the bottom of the lower pattern plate of the gas-liquid mixing chamber, and the number of the multi-compression units is more than or equal to 2 and is communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber;

the compression unit comprises an acceleration section with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity, a high-speed two-phase flow compression section with a cylindrical inner cavity and a diffusion section with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the end with the larger diameter of the accelerating section is arranged on a lower pattern plate of the gas-liquid mixing chamber and is communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber, the end with the smaller diameter is communicated with the end with the smaller diameter of the diffusion section through the high-speed two-phase flow compression section, and the end with the larger diameter of the diffusion section is communicated with the pattern plate at the outlet of the multi-compression unit;

the center line of the pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the liquid chamber, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the multi-compression unit chamber and the center line of the pattern plate at the outlet of the multi-compression unit are collinear;

the central line of the nozzle mounting hole of the upper pattern plate, the central line of the nozzle, the central line of the compression unit mounting hole of the lower pattern plate, the central line of the circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity of the acceleration section, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the high-speed two-phase flow compression section, the central line of the circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity of the diffusion section and the central line of the compression unit mounting hole of the pattern plate at the outlet of the multiple compression units are collinear;

the central line of the low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet is vertical to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber.

Specifically, the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber comprises a first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber with a cylindrical inner cavity, a second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber with an upper elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head, a lower elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head and a cylindrical inner cavity, and an umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber and the outer wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber;

the upper end of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber is provided with a two-phase flow inlet, the lower end of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber is provided with an outlet of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber and is also an inlet of the second-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber; a first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber is arranged on an upper oval end socket or a butterfly end socket of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber, a hot liquid outlet is arranged on a lower oval end socket or a butterfly end socket, a pressurized saturated steam outlet is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber, and a liquid level meter port and a liquid supplementing port are arranged at the lower part of the side wall;

the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber, the center line of the umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister and the center line of the hot liquid outlet are collinear;

the center line of the pressurized saturated vapor outlet is perpendicular to the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber.

The heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is an energy grade improving device and comprises the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator comprises a heating chamber and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber; the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber comprises a first-stage expansion evaporation chamber with a cylindrical inner cavity, a second-stage expansion evaporation chamber with an upper elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head, a lower elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head and a cylindrical inner cavity, and a gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber and the outer wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber;

the upper end of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with a boiling evaporation liquid inlet, the lower end of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with an outlet of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber, and the outlet of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber is also an inlet of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber; the upper elliptic seal head or butterfly seal head of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with a first-stage expansion evaporation chamber, the lower elliptic seal head or butterfly seal head is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid outlet, the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with a secondary steam outlet, and the lower part of the side wall is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid level meter port;

the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber, the center line of the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister and the center line of the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet are collinear;

the central line of the secondary steam outlet is vertical to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber

When crystals are separated out, the lower end enclosure of the evaporator is a conical end enclosure and serves as a secondary expansion evaporation chamber of the forced circulation evaporator, the conical end enclosure serves as a crystal settling tank, a crystallization liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the conical end enclosure, and a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet is formed in the lower portion of the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity;

at the moment, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber, the central line of the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister and the central line of the crystallization liquid outlet are collinear;

the central line of the secondary steam outlet and the central line of the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet are both vertical to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber.

The two-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber has the following characteristics:

1. because the cross-sectional area of the first-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber is several times of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of heating pipes of heating chambers of evaporators or evaporation liquid channels, the first capacity expansion and pressure reduction is realized by utilizing the principle that the pressure of fluid is in inverse proportion to the flow area under a certain flow rate, and the evaporation liquid in a boiling state is subjected to first pressure flash evaporation; then enters a second-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber, the cross-sectional area of the second-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber is several times of that of the first-stage capacity-expansion evaporation chamber, the evaporation liquid in a boiling state is subjected to second pressure flash evaporation, the evaporation backpressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, so that evaporation and concentration of the evaporation liquid are realized under the scene lower than the backpressure, the flow rate of the boiling evaporation liquid is not very large, a large evaporation ratio or evaporation intensity is generated, and the flash evaporation steam or the secondary steam is at a pressure lower than that of a secondary steam outlet due to the relationship of the flow area.

2. The evaporation is good, the gas-liquid separation is good, the pressure of the fluid is inversely proportional to the flow area, and the flow rate of the fluid is inversely proportional to the flow area; this means two reductions in the flow rate of the fluid, in the evaporation chamber, the concentrated evaporation liquid particles are subjected to the action of gravity in the vapour produced by evaporation, settling occurs due to the difference in density between vapour and liquid particles, and the vapour rises; the twice reduction of the vapor flow rate also reduces the resistance and buoyancy of the vapor or secondary vapor generated by evaporation to the gravity sedimentation of concentrated evaporation liquid particles or liquid drops; thereby the settling velocity of concentrated evaporation liquid particles is accelerated, evaporation is basically finished when the concentrated evaporation liquid particles are close to the concentrated liquid surface, the resistance and the buoyancy are smaller, the settling velocity is faster, and the separation efficiency is greatly improved.

Ascending steam or secondary steam enters a gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh foam catcher, the umbrella shape means that the foam catching area is increased, the area is increased like an umbrella, and the area for shielding rain is larger; however, the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh mist eliminator shields rain or mist on the reverse side of the umbrella, the area is large, the airflow is far away from the maximum allowable air speed, under the condition, the mist collides with the wire mesh, under the action of gravity, the mist forms larger droplets, or the droplets fall off the wire mesh or flow to the inner wall of the cylinder of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber along the gradient of the wire mesh mist eliminator and flow to the liquid level along the wall, and after passing through the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh mist eliminator, the vapor becomes dry saturated vapor, enters a large buffer space and is discharged from a secondary vapor outlet.

3. The gas-liquid separation efficiency is good, the corrosive substances (solute) carried by secondary steam are few, engineering debugging proves that the solute content in secondary steam condensate is below 10ppm, the solute content is converted into secondary steam which is far less than 10ppm required by MVR, a secondary steam tertiary washing facility is not required to be built like MVR, the problems of unsatisfactory gas-liquid separation of an evaporation chamber of a traditional evaporator, serious corrosion of downstream non-corrosion-resistant pipeline equipment and serious loss of solute or product are solved, if the secondary steam condensate is used for seawater desalination, the secondary steam condensate is even less than the drinking water standard recommended by the world health organization, the salinity is less than 200ppm TDS, and the quality of desalinated drinking water is improved.

4. The second stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber can also control the liquid level at a lower position and reduce the static pressure difference, thereby reducing the boiling point rising value caused by the static pressure difference and being beneficial to evaporation.

Furthermore, the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device is a heat pump formed by the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and comprises the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a falling film evaporator; the falling film evaporator comprises a falling film heating chamber and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber; the steam is secondary steam;

furthermore, the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet which is a secondary steam inlet and a pressurized saturated steam outlet; the falling film evaporator is provided with a secondary steam outlet communicated with the secondary expansion evaporation chamber and a pressurized saturated steam inlet communicated with the falling film heating chamber; the secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the secondary steam outlet of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber; a saturated steam outlet pressurized by the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with a saturated steam inlet pressurized by the falling film heating chamber;

the heat pump realizes evaporative concentration of the evaporated liquid by compressing and recycling the secondary vapor, and comprises the following steps:

1) the evaporation liquid enters the falling film heating chamber from the upper part of the falling film evaporator and is distributed on the inner wall of the falling film pipe, the evaporation liquid descends in a film shape under the action of gravity, the film layer is very thin and is discharged from a saturated steam outlet pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device, the pressurized saturated steam entering the outer wall of the falling film pipe from a saturated steam inlet pressurized by the falling film heating chamber is heated to be in a boiling state, and the pressurized saturated steam enters a secondary expansion evaporation chamber of the falling film evaporator from a lower pattern plate;

2) the boiling state evaporating liquid firstly enters a first-stage capacity expansion evaporating chamber of a second-stage capacity expansion evaporating chamber and then enters a second-stage capacity expansion evaporating chamber, so that the boiling state evaporating liquid is subjected to second-stage pressure flash evaporation and second-stage speed reduction, the evaporation back pressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, evaporation and concentration of the evaporating liquid are realized in a scene lower than the back pressure due to the relationship of flow areas, and the boiling state evaporating liquid is not very high in flow rate due to the fact that a large amount of concentrated evaporating liquid is not circulated, so that a large evaporation ratio or evaporation intensity is generated, and the evaporation efficiency is high; simultaneously, flash steam or secondary steam is well separated from hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, enters an efficient gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister for defoaming, becomes saturated secondary steam from a secondary steam outlet and is discharged at a high speed; the separated liquid drops are settled on the lower part of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber and discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet to be used as a finished product;

3) and the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from the pressurized saturated steam outlet, and enters the falling film heating chamber of the falling film evaporator again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

The heat pump carries out the three steps repeatedly to achieve the aim of concentrating the evaporated liquid without boiler steam and cooling water.

Furthermore, the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is a heat pump formed by the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and comprises the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a plate evaporator; the plate-type evaporator comprises a plate-type heating chamber and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber; the steam is secondary steam;

furthermore, the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet which is a secondary steam inlet and a pressurized saturated steam outlet; the plate evaporator is provided with a secondary steam outlet communicated with the secondary expansion evaporation chamber and a pressurized saturated steam inlet communicated with the plate heating chamber; the secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the secondary steam outlet of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber; a saturated vapor outlet pressurized by the hydrothermal solution spraying multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with a saturated vapor inlet pressurized by the plate-type heating chamber;

1) the evaporated liquid enters an evaporated liquid channel of the plate-type heating chamber from an inlet of the plate-type heating chamber of the plate-type evaporator, is discharged from a saturated vapor outlet pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, enters pressurized saturated vapor of the pressurized saturated vapor channel adjacent to the evaporated liquid channel from the pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the plate-type heating chamber, is heated to a boiling state, and enters a secondary expansion evaporation chamber of the plate-type evaporator from an outlet of the evaporated liquid channel of the plate-type heating chamber;

3) and the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from the pressurized saturated steam outlet, and enters the plate-type evaporator plate-type heating chamber again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

Furthermore, the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is a heat pump formed by adopting the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and comprises a hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a forced circulation evaporator; the forced circulation evaporator comprises a forced circulation heating chamber, a secondary expansion evaporation chamber and a circulating pump; when crystals are separated out, the lower elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber is a conical seal head and is used as a second-stage expansion evaporation chamber of the forced circulation evaporator; the steam is secondary steam;

furthermore, the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet which is a secondary steam inlet and a pressurized saturated steam outlet; the forced circulation heating chamber is provided with a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet, a boiling evaporation liquid outlet and a pressurized saturated steam inlet; the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with a boiling evaporation liquid inlet, a secondary vapor outlet, a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet and a crystallization liquid outlet; the circulating pump is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid inlet and a pressurized concentrated evaporated liquid outlet; the secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the secondary steam outlet of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber; a saturated vapor outlet pressurized by the hydrothermal solution spraying multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with a saturated vapor inlet pressurized by the forced circulation heating chamber; the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber is communicated with the concentrated evaporated liquid inlet of the circulating pump; the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet pressurized by the circulating pump is communicated with the concentrated evaporated liquid inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber; the boiling evaporation liquid outlet of the forced circulation heating chamber is communicated with the boiling evaporation liquid inlet of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber;

1) the evaporation liquid enters the circulating pump from a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet of the circulating pump, is pressurized together with the concentrated evaporation liquid, is discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet pressurized by the pressurizing pump, then enters a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet at the lower part of the forced circulation heating chamber, is discharged from a saturated vapor outlet pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, enters the pressurized saturated vapor on the outer wall of the pipe from the pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber, is heated to a boiling state, and then enters a boiling evaporation liquid inlet of the secondary dilatation evaporation chamber from a boiling evaporation liquid outlet at the upper part of the forced circulation heating chamber;

2) the boiling state evaporated liquid firstly enters a first-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber of a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber and then enters a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber, so that the boiling state evaporated liquid is subjected to second-stage pressure flash evaporation and second-stage speed reduction, the evaporation back pressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, the evaporation and concentration of the evaporated liquid are realized in a scene lower than the back pressure due to the relationship of the flow area, and the boiling state evaporated liquid has large flow rate and generates small evaporation ratio due to the circulation of a large amount of the concentration evaporated liquid, but the flow rate base number is large, the total evaporation intensity is high, and the evaporation efficiency is also high; simultaneously, flash steam or secondary steam is well separated from hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, enters an efficient gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister for defoaming, becomes saturated secondary steam from a secondary steam outlet and is discharged at a high speed; the separated liquid drops are settled on the lower part of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber, discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet, most of the liquid drops enter a circulating pump, and the small liquid drops are used as finished products;

3) the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from the pressurized saturated steam outlet, and enters the forced circulation heating chamber again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized;

4) when crystals are separated out, the lower elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head of the second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber is a conical seal head which is used as a crystal settling tank, and the crystallization liquid is discharged from a crystallization liquid outlet at the bottom of the conical seal head to be processed; because of the forced circulation of the circulating pump, the flow velocity of the concentrated evaporated liquid in the heating pipe of the forced circulation heating chamber is large, so that fine crystal grains generated in the concentrated evaporated liquid are in a suspension state and are not easy to deposit on the inner wall of the pipe to form scale, and the heat transfer efficiency is high.

The heat pump carries out the four steps repeatedly to achieve the aim of concentrating the evaporated liquid without boiler steam and cooling water.

Furthermore, the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device is a heat pump formed by the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and comprises the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower and a reboiler; the rectification liquid contains A, B components, the volatile component is A, and the nonvolatile component is B; the vapor is component A vapor;

furthermore, the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet which is a low-grade steam inlet and a pressurized saturated steam outlet; the rectifying tower is provided with a middle rectifying liquid inlet of A, B components, a tower top A component vapor outlet, a tower bottom reboiling liquid outlet and a tower lower reboiling liquid inlet; the reboiler has a bottom reboiling liquid inlet, a top reboiling liquid outlet, and an upper pressurized component a vapor inlet; the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is characterized in that a low-grade vapor inlet is communicated with an A component vapor outlet at the top of the rectifying tower; the pressurized saturated vapor outlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the pressurized A component vapor inlet of the reboiler; a bottom reboiling liquid outlet of the rectifying tower is communicated with a bottom reboiling liquid inlet of the reboiler; a top reboiling liquid outlet of the reboiler is communicated with a lower reboiling liquid inlet of the rectifying tower;

the compression cycle of the heat pump to the A component vapor is utilized to realize the separation of the rectified liquid into A, B components, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) the rectified liquid is A, B component entering from the middle A, B component inlet of the rectifying tower, the tray or filler on the upper part of the rectifying tower is heated by the ascending steam to generate partial vaporization and partial condensation, the volatile component A is enriched in the steam, and the non-volatile component B is also enriched in the liquid phase; pure volatile component A steam is obtained at the top of the tower and is discharged from a component A steam outlet at the top of the tower; pure component B which is difficult to volatilize is obtained at the bottom of the tower and is discharged from a reboiled liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower;

2) the A component steam discharged from an A component steam outlet at the top of the rectifying tower enters the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit steam compression device from a low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit steam compression device, the pressurized A component condensate is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, the pressurized saturated steam is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet, and then enters a reboiler from a pressurized A component steam inlet of the reboiler to heat the reboiling fluid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized; the pressurized A component steam is condensed into A component condensate, the A component condensate is discharged from an outlet at the lower part of the shell pass of the reboiler, part of the A component condensate is used as reflux liquid to enter the top of the rectifying tower to ensure the purity of the A component steam, and the other part of the A component condensate is used as an A component product or hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device supplementary liquid;

3) the component B which is difficult to volatilize and is discharged from a reboiling liquid outlet at the bottom of the rectifying tower is partially used as reboiling liquid to enter the reboiler from a reboiling liquid inlet at the bottom of the reboiler, the component A steam which is pressurized by a shell side is heated on a tube side to gasify the reboiling liquid partially, the component B is discharged from a reboiling liquid outlet at the top, and then the component B enters the rectifying tower from a reboiling liquid inlet at the lower part of the rectifying tower to provide a heat source for heating the rectifying tower to generate partial vaporization and partial condensation; the other part is used as a component B product.

The heat pump is repeatedly carried out in the three steps, and the aim of continuously separating and purifying A, B components in the rectified liquid is achieved without boiler steam and cooling water.

Furthermore, the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device is a heat pump formed by the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and comprises the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower and a reboiler; the rectification liquid is A, B, C components, the volatile component is A, and the relatively volatile component is B; the nonvolatile component is C; the vapor is A component vapor and B component vapor;

the heat pump has the same structural form and the same steps as those of the heat pump with A, B components of the rectified liquid, and only the rectified liquid is A, B, C components, the heat pump with the same structural form and the same steps is required to jointly complete the separation of A, B, C components of the rectified liquid, the first heat pump completes the separation of A components, and the second heat pump completes the separation of B, C components; by analogy, separation of more components can be completed.

Furthermore, the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is a heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and comprises the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a low-grade vapor source and a higher-grade vapor heater; the steam is low-grade steam;

furthermore, the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet which is a low-grade steam inlet and a pressurized saturated steam outlet; the low-grade steam source is provided with a low-grade steam outlet; the higher grade steam heater has a pressurized saturated steam inlet; the low-grade steam outlet of the low-grade steam source, the low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compression device, the saturated steam outlet pressurized by the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compression device and the saturated steam inlet pressurized by the higher-grade steam heater are communicated in sequence;

the heat pump is used for pressurizing low-grade steam to heat materials, and comprises the following steps:

1) low-grade steam is discharged from a low-grade steam outlet of the low-grade steam source, enters a low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam by pressurized saturated steam condensate in the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, and is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet;

2) pressurized saturated steam discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device enters a shell pass of a higher-grade steam heater from a pressurized saturated steam inlet of the higher-grade steam heater to heat tube pass materials, so that the task of heating the materials is completed, latent heat is released by the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device to become condensate, and the condensate is discharged from a condensate outlet of the shell pass, so that the utilization of the pressurized heating materials of low-grade steam is realized.

Furthermore, the heat pump also comprises a condensate discharge tank and a condensate pump; the condensate outlet of the evaporator, the reboiler and the higher-grade steam heater is communicated with the inlet of the condensate discharge tank; the outlet of the condensate discharging tank is communicated with the inlet of the condensate pump; the outlet of the condensate pump is communicated with a supplementary liquid inlet of the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device or other users; as make-up fluid, overhead reflux or as heating evaporant, rectification and other materials, further utilizing the heat energy of the condensate.

In summary, the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device and the heat pump have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1. the invention relates to a hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, which comprises a hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compressor, a two-stage expansion separation chamber and a hydrothermal fluid circulation booster pump; the pressurized saturated steam condensate or the hot liquid with the same temperature and the same component is used for compressing the low-grade steam or the secondary steam with the same component, because the hot liquid has high temperature, low-grade steam or secondary steam can not be generated for condensation, but is compressed in high-speed two-phase flow, under high back pressure, the pressure energy of the hot liquid in the low pressure environment is converted into heat energy to supplement enthalpy to the compressed steam, simultaneously, the steam and the hot liquid are well separated to become supercharged saturated steam for utilization or cyclic utilization, the hot liquid is supercharged by a hot liquid circulating booster pump and is compressed into low-grade steam or secondary steam to become supercharged saturated steam, the whole compression process is carried out under the condition of a large amount of hot liquid, then the MVR and all mechanical compressors and vapor jet heat pumps, when adiabatically compressed, wherein more than 80% of energy is consumed for temperature increase and overheating, and less than 20% of energy is used for pressure increase; the enthalpy difference of saturated steam at different pressures and temperatures is very small, so that the energy consumption is low and the pressure boost ratio is high; by accounting for the same saturation heating or pressure rise ratio, the theoretical energy consumption of a hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is less than 1/3 of the theoretical energy consumption of an MVR ideal design. More importantly, the low-grade steam or the secondary steam is pressurized or recycled, so that the raw steam and the cooling water of the boiler are saved; the low-carbon technology is used for producing green energy; the method plays an excellent role in solving the important problems of green low-carbon economy, carbon neutralization and recycling economy at present.

2. The hydrothermal solution spraying multi-unit vapor compression device has the advantages of simple structure, low material requirement, convenient manufacture and low manufacturing cost, so the investment is lower than that of a mechanical vapor recompression technology, MVR for short, and even lower than that of multi-effect evaporation. The construction period is shorter than MVR and even shorter than multi-effect evaporation.

3. The hydrothermal liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device overcomes the defect of low efficiency caused by limited capacity or large capacity of a liquid injection type gas compressor consisting of a single nozzle and a single diffuser or diffuser. Various designs of high efficiency and different scale can be made by changing the number of compression units, nozzle size, hot liquid flow rate, pressure, etc.

4. The hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device can be used for compressing gases with different components, such as water compressed air, a condenser for condensing vapor with the same component, a vacuum pump and the like, and has low energy consumption; if the superheated liquid with the temperature higher than the pressurized saturated steam condensate is adopted to compress the low-grade steam or the secondary steam, the pressurization ratio is high, and the energy consumption is lower.

5. The heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, namely the energy grade lifting device, comprises the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator comprises a heating chamber and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber; the secondary expansion evaporation chamber is the secondary expansion evaporation chamber of the evaporator in the form and structure of the secondary expansion separation chamber of the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device; the heating chambers are respectively a falling film heating chamber, a plate type heating chamber, a forced circulation heating chamber and a heat pump consisting of an evaporator consisting of a secondary expansion evaporation chamber and a hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, so that the heat pump has the characteristics of high evaporation efficiency and good gas-liquid separation, more importantly, the heat pump can be used for concentrating the evaporated solution, boiler raw steam and cooling water are not used, a large amount of energy is saved, and simultaneously, carbon reduction and efficiency improvement are realized. And a secondary steam tertiary washing facility is not required to be built like MVR, the problems of non-ideal gas-liquid separation of an evaporation chamber of the traditional evaporator, serious corrosion of downstream non-corrosion-resistant pipeline equipment and serious solute (product) loss are solved, if the evaporator is used for seawater desalination, the evaporator is smaller than the drinking water standard recommended by the world health organization, the salinity is less than 200ppm TDS, and the quality of the desalinated drinking water is improved.

6. The heat pump comprises the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower and a reboiler; the heat pump achieves the aim of continuously separating and purifying A, B components of the rectification liquid or A, B, C and more components of the rectification liquid without boiler raw steam and cooling water, saves a large amount of energy and reduces carbon and improves efficiency.

7. The heat pump comprises the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a low-grade vapor source and a higher-grade vapor heater; the heat pump; the material heating task is completed, the utilization of the pressurization heating material of the low-grade steam is realized, and the energy of the low-grade steam is fully utilized to save energy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system configured for a hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device, including a hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor, a secondary expansion separation chamber, and a hydrothermal circulation booster pump according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a multiple unit vapor compressor for hot liquid injection in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a separation chamber in an embodiment of the invention, which is a two-stage expansion;

FIG. 4 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention with a two-stage expansion separation chamber as a two-stage expansion evaporation chamber;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a secondary expansion evaporation chamber when crystals are precipitated according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the system configuration of the apparatus of the present invention in which the heat pump is a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and the falling film evaporator is a falling film heating chamber and a two-stage flash evaporation chamber;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the system configuration of the embodiment of the present invention in which the heat pump is a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, and the plate evaporator is a plate heating chamber and a two-stage flash evaporation chamber;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the system configuration of the present invention in which the heat pump is a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, the forced circulation evaporator is a forced circulation heating chamber, a two-stage flash evaporation chamber, and a circulation pump;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention in which the heat pump is a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifier, a reboiler, and the liquid is A, B components;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention in which the heat pump is a hot liquid injection multiple unit vapor compression device, a rectifier, a reboiler, and the liquid is A, B, C components;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention in which the heat pump is a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a low-grade vapor source, and a higher-grade vapor heater;

the following are marked in the figure: 1-hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compressor, 101-pressurized circulation hydrothermal fluid inlet, 102-liquid chamber, 103-nozzle, 104-gas-liquid mixing chamber, 105-low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet, 106-compression unit, 1061-acceleration section, 1062 high-speed two-phase flow compression section, 1063-diffusion section, 107-compression unit chamber, 1081-upper flower plate, 1082-lower flower plate, 109-flower plate of multi-compression unit outlet, 2-secondary expansion separation chamber, 201-two-phase flow inlet, 202-first-stage expansion separation chamber, 203-second-stage expansion evaporation chamber, 204-umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister, 205-pressurized saturated vapor outlet, 206-hydrothermal fluid outlet, 207-liquid level meter port, 208-liquid supplement port, 22-secondary expansion evaporation chamber, 221-boiling evaporation liquid inlet, 222-first-stage expansion evaporation chamber, 223-second-stage expansion evaporation chamber, 224-gas phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister, 225-secondary steam outlet, 226-concentrated evaporation liquid outlet, 227-concentrated evaporation liquid level meter port, 229 crystallization liquid outlet-, 3-hydrothermal circulation booster pump, 4-falling film heating chamber, 5-plate heating chamber, 6-forced circulation heating chamber, 7-rectifying tower, 8-reboiler, 9-condensate discharge tank, 10-condensate pump, 11-circulating pump, 12-higher-grade steam heater and 13-low-grade steam source.

Detailed Description

The enthalpy difference between different pressures and different saturated steam temperatures of any substance (including inorganic substances, organic substances, simple substances and the like) is very small, and dry saturated steam (generally called saturated steam) with the dryness X of 1.00 and the superheat degree of 0 has the characteristics of one-to-one correspondence between temperature, pressure and enthalpy. In other words, given the enthalpy, the pressure and temperature of the saturated steam are determined. The state parameters of saturated steam and water (condensate) on the saturation line are extracted as shown in the attached table 1;

TABLE 1 parameters of saturated steam and water (condensate) at different temperatures

As can be seen from table 1, the enthalpy difference of the saturated water vapor at different temperatures is very small. Therefore, if the low-grade steam or the secondary steam can be pressurized to supplement enthalpy, the utilization of the low-grade steam or the secondary steam is an excellent choice.

Taking steam as an example, the enthalpy difference between saturated steam at 100 ℃ and saturated steam at 120 ℃ is 2706-; the utilization of the low-grade steam or secondary steam at 100 ℃ can be realized only by pressurizing the low-grade steam or secondary steam and supplementing the enthalpy of the low-grade steam or secondary steam into saturated steam pressurized at 120 ℃. The saturation temperature is raised by 20 ℃, the compression ratio is 1.96, which exceeds the total saturation temperature rise and the compression ratio of 2 series-connected MVR compressors, and at the moment, the theoretical thermal efficiency eta of the heat pump, namely the percentage of the difference between the heat quantity used back and the supplementary heat quantity of the heat pump and the recycled heat quantity, is as follows:

η＝((2706-29)/2706)X100％＝98.93％

coefficient of performance COP of the heat pump at this time, i.e., the ratio of the energy output by the heat pump to the energy consumed by the heat pump:

COP＝(2677+29)/29＝2706/29＝93.31

such theoretical thermal efficiency η and coefficient of performance COP of a heat pump are not conceivable.

By utilizing the hydrodynamics, the energy conservation and conversion principle, the expansion separation and flash evaporation principle and combining the actual situation that the enthalpy difference of saturated vapor of different pressures of all substances is very small, the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device of the invention compresses low-grade vapor or secondary vapor of the same component by using pressurized saturated vapor condensate or hydrothermal liquid of the same component at the same temperature, because the hydrothermal liquid temperature is high, the low-grade vapor or the secondary vapor cannot be condensed, but the hydrothermal liquid is compressed in high-speed two-phase flow by utilizing the incompressibility of the hydrothermal liquid, the heat energy is converted into heat energy to supplement the enthalpy of the vapor, the whole compression process is carried out under the condition of large amount of hydrothermal liquid, the MVR, all mechanical compressors and vapor injection heat pumps cannot be generated, when the heat insulation compression is carried out, more than 80 percent of energy is consumed for heating and overheating, and less than 20 percent of energy is used for pressurization; the enthalpy difference of saturated vapor with different pressures (temperatures) is very small, so that the pressure ratio is high, the energy consumption is low, and the theoretical energy consumption of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compression device is less than 1/3 of the theoretical energy consumption of the MVR ideal design when the same saturated temperature rise or pressure rise ratio is calculated. In addition, various designs with high efficiency and different scales can be made by changing the number of compression units, the size of the nozzle, the flow rate of hot liquid, the pressure and the like.

If the hydrothermal liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is used, the normal-temperature liquid is used for compressing gases with different components, such as water compressed air, or the vapor with the same component is condensed and used as a multi-purpose compressor such as a vacuum pump, and the energy consumption is low in efficiency and high in efficiency; if the superheated liquid with the temperature higher than the pressurized saturated steam condensate is adopted to compress the low-grade steam or the secondary steam, the pressurization ratio is high, and the energy consumption is lower.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: provided are a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and a heat pump, which can efficiently use low-grade vapor or secondary vapor.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, which includes a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1, a two-stage flash chamber 2, and a hot liquid circulation booster pump 3; the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1 is provided with a supercharging circulation hydrothermal solution inlet 101, a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 and a multi-compression unit outlet pattern plate 109; the secondary flash chamber 2 has a two-phase flow inlet 201, a hot liquid outlet 206 and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205;

a pressurized hot liquid outlet of the hydrothermal circulation booster pump 3 is communicated with a pressurized circulation hydrothermal liquid inlet 101 of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1; a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1 low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 is communicated with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor outlet of an external device or equipment; the pattern plate 109 at the outlet of the multiple compression units of the hydrothermal injection multiple-unit vapor compressor 1 is communicated with the two-phase flow inlet 201 of the secondary expansion and separation chamber 2; the pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205 of the secondary expansion separation chamber 2 is communicated with a pressurized saturated vapor inlet of an external device or equipment; a hydrothermal solution outlet 206 of the secondary expansion separation chamber 2 is communicated with a hydrothermal solution inlet of the hydrothermal solution circulation booster pump 3;

1) pressurizing the pressurized saturated steam condensate or the hot liquid with the same temperature and the same component by a hot liquid circulating booster pump 3, injecting the pressurized circulating hot liquid from a hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compressor 1 into a liquid chamber 102 from a hot liquid inlet 101, and distributing the pressurized circulating hot liquid to a plurality of nozzles 103 through a pattern plate, wherein the number of the nozzles is more than or equal to 2; the steam is sprayed out of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104, so that the pressure energy of the hydrothermal solution is converted into kinetic energy to form a conical hydrothermal solution spraying flow, low-grade steam or secondary steam entering the gas-liquid mixing chamber from the outside is sucked, the low-grade steam or the secondary steam enters the multiple compression units 106 corresponding to the nozzles 103 one by one through the pattern plates, and the number of the compression units is more than or equal to 2; after the acceleration section 1081 of the compression unit 106 is accelerated, the two-phase flow enters the two-phase flow compression section 1082 of the compression unit 106 to form a sound velocity or supersonic velocity two-phase flow, because the temperature of the hydrothermal solution is higher than that of the low-grade steam or the secondary steam which is sucked and composed of the same components, the low-grade steam or the secondary steam cannot be condensed, and because the hydrothermal solution has incompressibility, only the low-grade steam or the secondary steam can be compressed in the sound velocity or supersonic velocity two-phase flow, at this time, the hydrothermal solution with the mass which is dozens of times higher than the mass of the hydrothermal solution exists, and the superheated steam which cannot be used for supercharging is also present, the highest saturated steam which is at the same temperature as the high-temperature hydrothermal solution, namely supercharged saturated steam, is discharged through a flower plate 109 at the outlet of a multi-compression unit after the two-phase flow passes through the pressure expansion section 1083 for pressure expansion and separation, and enters the second-stage capacity separation chamber 2;

2) the two phases flow into the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 2, and firstly enter the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 202, because the cross-sectional area of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 202 is multiple times of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the multiple compression units 106, the first capacity expansion and speed reduction is realized by utilizing the principle that the flow rate of fluid and the flow area are in inverse proportion under a certain flow, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy; then enters a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 203, the cross sectional area of the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 203 is multiple times of the cross sectional area of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 202, kinetic energy is further converted into pressure energy, meanwhile, under a certain flow rate, the pressure of fluid is inversely proportional to the flow area, so that the pressure reduction of the fluid in the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 202 is realized, the pressure energy of hot liquid is converted into heat energy, and the enthalpy of the compressed steam is supplemented and the temperature is increased; entering a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 203 to realize that the fluid is further depressurized in the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 203, and the pressure energy of the hot liquid is further converted into heat energy, so that the compressed vapor is further supplemented with enthalpy and heated to become saturated vapor with the same temperature as the hot liquid, and the pressurized saturated vapor is at low pressure; in addition, due to the fact that the two-stage velocity reduction and the two-stage pressure reduction are achieved, the purpose that liquid drops are settled downwards due to the fact that density difference of hot liquid and steam is large, steam tends to rise upwards is met, enough space and residence time are provided, saturated steam is well separated from the hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, and after foam is removed through the efficient umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (204), due to the fact that the cross-sectional area of the pressurized saturated steam outlet 205 is many times smaller than that of the second-stage expansion separation chamber 203, gas-liquid separation can be achieved under the condition that the back pressure is lower; the defoamed saturated steam becomes pressurized saturated steam at a pressurized saturated steam outlet 205, is discharged at a high speed, and enters a pressurized saturated steam inlet of an outdoor device or equipment to realize utilization or recycling; the separated liquid drops settle at the lower part of the second-stage flash separation chamber 2 and are discharged from the hot liquid outlet 206;

3) hot liquid discharged from the hot liquid outlet 206 of the secondary flash chamber 2 enters the hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump 3, and after being pressurized, the hot liquid enters the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1 from the hot liquid outlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump 3 to realize cyclic utilization.

Example two

As shown in fig. 2, the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device includes a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1, a two-stage expansion and separation chamber 2, and a hot liquid circulation booster pump 3; the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1 comprises a liquid chamber 102 with a conical head or an elliptical head and a cylindrical inner cavity, a gas-liquid mixing chamber 104 with a cylindrical inner cavity, an upper flower plate 1081 and a lower flower plate 1082, and a multi-compression unit chamber 107 with a cylindrical inner cavity and a flower plate 109 with a plurality of compression unit outlets at the bottom;

a conical seal head or an elliptical seal head of the liquid chamber 102 is provided with a pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet 101; the upper flower plate 1081 of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 103, the number of the nozzles 103 is more than or equal to 2 and is communicated with the liquid chamber 102, the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104 is provided with a low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet 105, the multi-compression unit chamber 107 is internally provided with a multi-compression unit 106, the multi-compression unit 106 is arranged at the bottom of the lower flower plate 1082 of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104, and the number of the multi-compression unit 106 is more than or equal to 2 and is communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104;

the compression unit 106 comprises an acceleration section 1061 with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity, a high-speed two-phase flow compression section 1062 with a cylindrical inner cavity and a diffusion section 1063 with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the end with the larger diameter of the accelerating section 1061 is arranged on a lower pattern plate 1082 of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104 and is communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104, the end with the smaller diameter is communicated with the end with the smaller diameter of the diffusion section 1063 through the high-speed two-phase flow compression section 1062, and the end with the larger diameter of the diffusion section 1063 is communicated with the pattern plate 109 at the outlet of the multi-compression unit;

the central line of the pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet 101, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the liquid chamber 102, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the multi-compression unit chamber 107 and the central line of the flower plate 109 at the outlet of the multi-compression unit are collinear;

the center line of the nozzle mounting hole of the upper flower plate 1081, the center line of the nozzle 103, the center line of the mounting hole of the compression unit 106 of the lower flower plate 1082, the center line of the truncated cone-shaped inner cavity of the acceleration section 1061, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the high-speed two-phase flow compression section 1062, the center line of the truncated cone-shaped inner cavity of the diffusion section 1063 and the center line of the mounting hole of the compression unit 106 of the flower plate 109 at the outlet of the multiple compression units are collinear;

the central line of the low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet 105 is vertical to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 104.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 3, the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device includes a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor 1, a two-stage expansion and separation chamber 2, and a hot liquid circulation booster pump 3; the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 2 comprises a first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 202 with a cylindrical inner cavity, a second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 203 with an upper elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head, a lower elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head and a cylindrical inner cavity, and an umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 204 is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 203 and the outer wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 202;

the upper end of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber 202 is provided with a two-phase flow inlet 201, and the lower end is provided with an outlet of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber and is also an inlet of the second-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber; a first-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 202 is arranged on an upper elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 203, a hot liquid outlet 206 is arranged on a lower elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head, a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205 is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity-expansion separation chamber 203, and a liquid level meter port 207 and a liquid supplementing port 208 are arranged on the lower portion of the side wall;

the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 202, the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber 203, the center line of the umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 204 and the center line of the hot liquid outlet 206 are collinear;

the centerline of the pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205 is perpendicular to the centerline of the cylindrical interior of the second stage diffusion separation chamber 203.

Example four

As shown in fig. 4, the heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, i.e. the energy grade raising device, includes the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and the evaporator; the evaporator comprises a heating chamber and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22; the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 is the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 of the evaporator in the form and structure of the secondary expansion separation chamber 2 of the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device; the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 22 comprises a first-stage expansion evaporation chamber 222 with a cylindrical inner cavity, a second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 223 with an upper elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head, a lower elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head and a cylindrical inner cavity, and a gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 224 is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 223 and the outer wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber 222;

the upper end of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber 222 is provided with a boiling evaporation liquid inlet 221, and the lower end of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with an outlet of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber and is also an inlet of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber; the upper elliptic end socket or butterfly-shaped end socket of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 223 is provided with a first-stage expansion evaporation chamber 222, the lower elliptic end socket or butterfly-shaped end socket is provided with a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet 226, the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 223 is provided with a secondary steam outlet 225, and the lower part of the side wall is provided with a concentrated evaporation liquid level meter port 227;

the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage flash evaporation chamber 222, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage flash evaporation chamber 223, the central line of the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 224 and the central line of the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet 226 are collinear;

the center line of the secondary vapor outlet 225 is perpendicular to the center line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage flash evaporation chamber 223.

As shown in fig. 5, when crystals are separated out, the lower end enclosure is a conical end enclosure serving as a secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 of the forced circulation evaporator, the conical end enclosure serves as a crystal settling tank, the bottom of the conical end enclosure is provided with a crystallized liquid outlet 229, and a concentrated evaporated liquid outlet 226 is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the cylindrical cavity;

at the moment, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion evaporation 222 chamber, the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation 223 chamber, the central line of the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 224 and the central line of the crystallization liquid outlet 229 are collinear;

the central line of the secondary vapor outlet 225 and the central line of the concentrated evaporation liquid outlet 226 are both perpendicular to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 223.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 6, the heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device comprises the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator is a falling film evaporator and comprises a falling film heating chamber 4 and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22; the steam is secondary steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 which is a secondary vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205; the falling film evaporator is provided with a secondary steam outlet 225 communicated with the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 and a pressurized saturated steam inlet communicated with the falling film heating chamber 4; the secondary vapor inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the secondary vapor outlet 225 of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22; the pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205 of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the falling film heating chamber 4;

1) the evaporation liquid enters the falling film heating chamber 4 from the upper part of the falling film evaporator and is distributed on the inner wall of the falling film pipe, the evaporation liquid descends in a film shape under the action of gravity, the film layer is very thin and is discharged from a saturated steam outlet 205 pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device, the pressurized saturated steam entering the outer wall of the falling film pipe from a pressurized saturated steam inlet of the falling film heating chamber 4 is heated to be in a boiling state, and the pressurized saturated steam enters a secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 of the falling film evaporator from a lower flower plate;

2) the boiling state evaporating liquid firstly enters a first-stage capacity expansion evaporating chamber 222 of a second-stage capacity expansion evaporating chamber 22 and then enters a second-stage capacity expansion evaporating chamber 223, so that the boiling state evaporating liquid is subjected to second-stage pressure flash evaporation and second-stage speed reduction, the evaporation back pressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, evaporation and concentration of the evaporating liquid are realized in a scene lower than the back pressure due to the relationship of the flow area, the flow of the boiling state evaporating liquid is not very large due to the fact that a large amount of concentrated evaporating liquid is not circulated, a large evaporation ratio or evaporation intensity is generated, and the evaporation efficiency is high; simultaneously, flash steam or secondary steam is well separated from hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, enters an efficient gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 224 for defoaming, becomes saturated secondary steam from a secondary steam outlet 225 and is discharged at a high speed; the separated liquid drops are settled at the lower part of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 223 and discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet 226 to be used as a finished product;

3) and the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet 225 enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from the pressurized saturated steam outlet 205, and enters the falling film heating chamber 4 of the falling film evaporator again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

EXAMPLE six

As shown in fig. 7, the heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device comprises the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator is a plate evaporator, and comprises a plate-wrapped heating chamber 5 and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22; the steam is secondary steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 which is a secondary vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205; the plate evaporator is provided with a secondary steam outlet 225 communicated with the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 and a pressurized saturated steam inlet communicated with the plate heating chamber 5; the secondary vapor inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the secondary vapor outlet 225 of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22; the pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205 of the hydrothermal spray multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the plate-type heating chamber 5;

1) the evaporated liquid enters the evaporated liquid channel of the plate-type evaporator plate-type heating chamber 5 from the inlet of the plate-type evaporator plate-type heating chamber 5, is discharged from the saturated vapor outlet 205 pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, enters the pressurized saturated vapor channel adjacent to the evaporated liquid channel from the pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the plate-type heating chamber 5, is heated to a boiling state, and enters the plate-type evaporator secondary capacity expansion evaporation chamber 22 from the evaporated liquid channel outlet of the plate-type heating chamber 5;

3) the secondary vapor discharged from the secondary vapor outlet 225 enters the secondary vapor inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated vapor, then is discharged from the pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205, and enters the plate evaporator plate heating chamber 5 again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

The plate-type heating chamber 5 of the plate-type evaporator of the heat pump has the characteristic of high heat transfer efficiency, and the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 has the characteristics of high evaporation efficiency and good gas-liquid separation, and is a wonderful combination:

EXAMPLE seven

As shown in fig. 8, the heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device includes a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator is a forced circulation evaporator; the forced circulation evaporator comprises a forced circulation heating chamber 6, a secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 and a circulating pump 11; the steam is secondary steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 which is a secondary vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205; the forced circulation heating chamber 6 is provided with a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet, a boiling evaporation liquid outlet and a pressurized saturated steam inlet; the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 22 is provided with a boiling evaporation liquid inlet 221, a secondary vapor outlet 225, a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet 226 and a crystallization liquid outlet 229; the circulating pump 11 is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid inlet and a pressurized concentrated evaporated liquid outlet; the secondary vapor inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the secondary vapor outlet 225 of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22; the saturated vapor outlet 205 of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with the saturated vapor inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber 6; the concentrated evaporation liquid outlet 226 of the second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber 22 is communicated with the concentrated evaporation liquid inlet of the circulating pump 11; the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet pressurized by the circulating pump 11 is communicated with the concentrated evaporated liquid inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber 6; the boiling evaporation liquid outlet of the forced circulation heating chamber 6 is communicated with the boiling evaporation liquid inlet 221 of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22);

1) the evaporation liquid enters the circulating pump 11 from a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet of the circulating pump 11, is pressurized together with the concentrated evaporation liquid, is discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet pressurized by the pressurizing pump 11, then enters a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet at the lower part of the forced circulation heating chamber 6, is discharged from a saturated vapor outlet 205 pressurized by the hydrothermal liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, enters a pressurized saturated vapor at the outer wall of the pipe from a pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber 6, is heated to a boiling state, and then enters a boiling evaporation liquid inlet 221 of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber 22 from a boiling evaporation liquid outlet at the upper part of the forced circulation heating chamber 6;

2) the boiling state evaporated liquid firstly enters a first-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber 222 of a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber 22 and then enters a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber 223, so that the boiling state evaporated liquid is subjected to second-stage pressure flash evaporation and second-stage speed reduction, the evaporation back pressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, the evaporation and concentration of the evaporated liquid are realized in a scene lower than the back pressure due to the relationship of the flow area, and the boiling state evaporated liquid has large flow and generates a small evaporation ratio due to the circulation of a large amount of the concentration evaporated liquid, but the flow base number is large, the total evaporation intensity is high, and the evaporation efficiency is also high; simultaneously, flash steam or secondary steam is well separated from hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, enters an efficient gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister 224 for defoaming, becomes saturated secondary steam from a secondary steam outlet 225 and is discharged at a high speed; the separated liquid drops are settled at the lower part of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber 22, discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet 226, most of the liquid drops enter the circulating pump 11, and the small liquid drops are used as finished products;

3) the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet 225 enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet 205, and enters the forced circulation heating chamber 6 again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized;

4) when crystals are separated out, the lower elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head of the second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber 223 is a conical seal head which is used as a crystal settling tank, and the crystallization liquid is discharged from a crystallization liquid outlet 229 at the bottom of the crystallization liquid outlet to be processed; because of the forced circulation of the circulating pump 11, the flow velocity of the concentrated evaporated liquid in the heating pipe of the forced circulation heating chamber 6 is large, so that fine crystal grains generated in the concentrated evaporated liquid are in a suspension state, are not easy to deposit on the inner wall of the pipe to form scale, and the heat transfer efficiency is high.

Example eight

As shown in fig. 9, the heat pump configured by using the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device includes a hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower 7, and a reboiler 8; the rectification liquid contains A, B components, the volatile component is A, and the nonvolatile component is B; the vapor is component A vapor;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 which is a low-grade vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205; the rectifying tower 7 is provided with a middle rectifying liquid inlet of A, B components, a tower top A component vapor outlet, a tower bottom reboiling liquid outlet and a tower lower reboiling liquid inlet; the reboiler 8 has a bottom reboiler inlet, a top reboiler outlet and an upper pressurized component a vapor inlet; the low-grade steam inlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the component A steam outlet at the top of the rectifying tower 7; the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205 is in communication with the reboiler 8 pressurized a component vapor inlet; the bottom reboiling liquid outlet of the rectifying tower 7 is communicated with the bottom reboiling liquid inlet of the reboiler 8; a top reboiling liquid outlet of the reboiler 8 is communicated with a lower reboiling liquid inlet of the rectifying tower 7;

1) the rectified liquid is A, B component entering from the middle A, B component inlet of the rectifying tower 7, the tray or filler on the upper part of the rectifying tower 7 is heated by the ascending steam to generate partial vaporization and partial condensation, the volatile component A is enriched in the steam, and the non-volatile component B is also enriched in the liquid phase; pure volatile component A steam is obtained at the top of the tower and is discharged from a component A steam outlet at the top of the tower; pure component B which is difficult to volatilize is obtained at the bottom of the tower and is discharged from a reboiled liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower;

2) the A component steam discharged from the A component steam outlet at the top of the rectifying tower 7 enters the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device from the low-grade steam inlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device, the pressurized A component condensate is compressed into pressurized saturated steam and discharged from the pressurized saturated steam outlet 205, and then enters the reboiler 8 from the pressurized A component steam inlet of the reboiler 8 to heat the reboiling liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized; the pressurized A component steam is condensed into A component condensate, the A component condensate is discharged from an outlet at the lower part of a shell pass of a reboiler 8, part of the A component condensate is used as reflux to the top of a rectifying tower 7 to ensure the purity of the A component steam, and the other part of the A component condensate is used as an A component product or as a hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device supplementary liquid;

3) the nonvolatile component B discharged from the outlet of the reboiling liquid at the bottom of the rectifying tower 7 partially serves as reboiling liquid and enters the reboiler 8 from the inlet of the reboiling liquid at the bottom of the reboiler 8, the component A steam pressurized by the shell side is heated on the tube side to gasify the reboiling liquid partially, the reboiling liquid is discharged from the outlet of the reboiling liquid at the top, and then enters the rectifying tower 7 from the inlet of the reboiling liquid at the lower part of the rectifying tower 7 to provide a heat source for heating the rectifying tower 7 to generate partial vaporization and partial condensation; the other part is used as a component B product.

The heat pump is repeatedly carried out in the three steps, so that the aim of continuously separating and purifying A, B components in the rectified liquid is fulfilled, and boiler steam and cooling water are not needed.

Example nine

As shown in fig. 10, the heat pump configured by using the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device includes a hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower 7, and a reboiler 8; the rectification liquid is A, B, C components, the volatile component is A, and the relatively volatile component is B; the nonvolatile component is C; the vapor is A component vapor and B component vapor;

the heat pump has the same structural form and the same steps as those of a heat pump with A, B components of rectification liquid, only because the rectification liquid is A, B, C components, the two heat pumps have the same structural form and the same steps, the separation of A, B, C components of the rectification liquid is completed together, the separation of A components is completed by the first heat pump, and the separation of B, C components is completed by the second heat pump; by analogy, separation of more components can be completed.

Example ten

As shown in fig. 11, the heat pump formed by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device includes a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a low-grade vapor source 13, and a higher-grade vapor heater 12; the steam is low-grade steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet 105 which is a low-grade vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet 205; the low-grade steam source 13 has a low-grade steam outlet; the higher grade steam heater 12 has a pressurized saturated steam inlet; the low-grade steam outlet of the low-grade steam source 13, the low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit steam compression device, the saturated steam outlet 205 pressurized by the hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit steam compression device and the saturated steam inlet pressurized by the higher-grade steam heater 12 are communicated in sequence;

1) low-grade steam is discharged from a low-grade steam outlet of the low-grade steam source 13, enters a low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam by pressurized saturated steam condensate in the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, and is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet 205;

2) the pressurized saturated steam discharged from the saturated steam outlet 205 pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device enters the shell pass of the higher-grade steam heater 12 from the saturated steam inlet pressurized by the higher-grade steam heater 12 to heat the tube pass material, so that the task of heating the material is completed, the material releases latent heat to become condensate, and the condensate is discharged from the condensate outlet of the shell pass, so that the utilization of the pressurized heating material of the low-grade steam is realized.

EXAMPLE eleven

In order to realize the utilization of the heat energy of the condensate, as shown in fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, the heat pump further comprises a condensate discharge tank 9 and a condensate pump 10; the condensate outlets of the evaporator, the reboiler 8 and the higher-grade steam heater 12 are communicated with the inlet of the condensate discharge tank 9; an outlet of the condensate discharging tank 9 is communicated with an inlet of a condensate pump 10; the outlet of the condensate pump 10 is communicated with the inlets of the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, such as the make-up liquid inlet 208 and the like; as make-up liquid, tower top reflux liquid or heating evaporating liquid, rectifying liquid and other material, and further utilize the heat energy of condensate.

In summary, compared to the prior art, the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and the heat pump of the first to eleventh embodiments have the following advantages:

Claims

1. A hydrothermal fluid injection multi-unit vapor compression device characterized by: comprises a hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1), a secondary expansion separation chamber (2) and a hydrothermal circulation booster pump (3); the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1) is provided with a pressurized circulation hot liquid inlet (101), a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet (105) and a multi-compression unit outlet pattern plate (109); the secondary expansion separation chamber (2) is provided with a two-phase flow inlet (201), a hot liquid outlet (206) and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205);

a pressurized hot liquid outlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump (3) is communicated with a pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet (101) of the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1); a low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet (105) of the hydrothermal solution injection multi-unit steam compressor (1) is communicated with a low-grade steam or secondary steam outlet of an external device or equipment; a pattern plate (109) at the outlet of a plurality of compression units of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1) is communicated with a two-phase flow inlet (201) of the secondary expansion separation chamber (2); a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205) of the secondary expansion separation chamber (2) is communicated with a pressurized saturated vapor inlet of an external device or equipment; a hydrothermal solution outlet (206) of the secondary expansion separation chamber (2) is communicated with a hydrothermal solution inlet of the hydrothermal solution circulation booster pump (3);

1) pressurizing the pressurized saturated steam condensate or the hot liquid with the same temperature and the same component by a hot liquid circulating booster pump (3), injecting the pressurized circulating hot liquid from a hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compressor (1) into a liquid chamber (102) through a pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet (101), and distributing the pressurized circulating hot liquid to a plurality of nozzles (103) through a pattern plate, wherein the number of the nozzles is more than or equal to 2; the steam is sprayed out of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104), so that the pressure energy of the hot liquid is converted into kinetic energy to form a conical hot liquid spraying flow, low-grade steam or secondary steam entering the gas-liquid mixing chamber from the outside is sucked, the low-grade steam or the secondary steam enters multiple compression units (106) which correspond to the nozzles (103) one by one through a pattern plate, and the number of the compression units is more than or equal to 2; after an acceleration section (1081) of a compression unit (106) is accelerated, the two-phase flow enters a two-phase flow compression section (1082) of the compression unit (106) to form a sound velocity or supersonic velocity two-phase flow, because the temperature of the hot liquid is higher than that of low-grade steam or secondary steam which is sucked and has the same composition, the low-grade steam or the secondary steam cannot be condensed, and because the hot liquid has incompressibility, only the low-grade steam or the secondary steam can be compressed in the sound velocity or supersonic velocity two-phase flow, at the moment, the hot liquid with the mass which is dozens of times higher than the temperature exists, the hot liquid cannot become supercharged superheated steam, and the highest saturated steam is also at the same temperature as the high-temperature hot liquid, namely supercharged saturated steam, two phases flow through a diffusion section (1083) for diffusion and then are discharged through a pattern plate (109) at the outlet of a multi-compression unit and enter a secondary diffusion separation chamber (2;

2) the two phases flow into a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (2), and firstly enter a first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (202), because the transverse cutting area of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (202) is multiple times of the sum of the transverse cutting areas of the outlets of the multiple compression units (106), the first capacity expansion and speed reduction are realized by utilizing the principle that the flow velocity of fluid is in inverse proportion to the flow area under a certain flow, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy; then enters a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (203), the cross sectional area of the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (203) is multiple times of the cross sectional area of the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (202), kinetic energy is further converted into pressure energy, meanwhile, under a certain flow rate, the pressure of fluid is inversely proportional to the flow area, so that the pressure of the fluid is reduced in the first-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (202), the pressure energy of hot liquid is converted into heat energy, and the enthalpy of compressed steam is supplemented and the temperature is increased; the steam enters a second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (203), so that the fluid is further depressurized in the second-stage capacity expansion separation chamber (203), the pressure energy of the hot liquid is further converted into heat energy, the compressed steam is further subjected to enthalpy compensation and temperature rise to become saturated steam with the same temperature as the hot liquid, and the pressurized saturated steam is at low pressure; in addition, due to the fact that the two-stage velocity reduction and the two-stage pressure reduction are achieved, the purpose that liquid drops are settled downwards due to the fact that density difference of hot liquid and steam is large, steam tends to rise upwards is met, enough space and residence time are provided, saturated steam is well separated from the hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, and after foam is removed through the efficient umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (204), due to the fact that the cross-sectional area of a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205) is many times smaller than that of a second-stage expansion separation chamber (203), gas-liquid separation can be achieved under the condition that the back pressure is lower; the defoamed saturated steam becomes pressurized saturated steam at a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205), is discharged at a high speed, and enters a pressurized saturated steam inlet of an outdoor device or equipment to realize utilization or recycling; the separated liquid drops are settled at the lower part of the second-stage expansion separation chamber (2) and are discharged from a hot liquid outlet (206);

3) hot liquid discharged from a hot liquid outlet (206) of the secondary expansion separation chamber (2) enters a hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump (3), and after being boosted, the hot liquid enters the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1) from the hot liquid outlet of the hot liquid circulation booster pump (3) to realize cyclic utilization.

2. A hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device as set forth in claim 1 wherein: comprises a hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1), a secondary expansion separation chamber (2) and a hydrothermal circulation booster pump (3); the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1) comprises a liquid chamber (102) with a conical head or an elliptical head and a cylindrical inner cavity, a gas-liquid mixing chamber (104) with a cylindrical inner cavity, an upper flower plate (1081) and a lower flower plate (1082), and a multi-compression unit chamber (107) with a cylindrical inner cavity and a flower plate (109) with a multi-compression unit outlet at the bottom;

a conical seal head or an elliptical seal head of the liquid chamber (102) is provided with a pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet (101); the upper pattern plate (1081) of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104) is provided with a plurality of nozzles (103), the number of the nozzles (103) is more than or equal to 2 and is communicated with the liquid chamber (102), the side wall of a cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104) is provided with a low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet (105), a multi-compression unit (106) is arranged in the multi-compression unit chamber (107), the multi-compression unit (106) is arranged at the bottom of the lower pattern plate (1082) of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104), and the number of the multi-compression unit (106) is more than or equal to 2 and is communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104);

the compression unit (106) comprises an acceleration section (1061) with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity, a high-speed two-phase flow compression section (1062) with a cylindrical inner cavity and a diffusion section (1063) with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the end with the larger diameter of the accelerating section (1061) is arranged on a lower pattern plate (1082) of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104) and communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104), the end with the smaller diameter is communicated with the end with the smaller diameter of the pressure expanding section (1063) through the high-speed two-phase flow compression section (1062), and the end with the larger diameter of the pressure expanding section (1063) is communicated with a pattern plate (109) at the outlet of a plurality of compression units;

the central line of the pressurized circulating hot liquid inlet (101), the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the liquid chamber (102), the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104), the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the multi-compression unit chamber (107) and the central line of the pattern plate (109) of the multi-compression unit outlet are collinear;

the central line of a nozzle mounting hole of the upper flower plate (1081), the central line of the nozzle (103), the central line of a mounting hole of a compression unit (106) of the lower flower plate (1082), the central line of a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity of the acceleration section (1061), the central line of a cylindrical inner cavity of the high-speed two-phase flow compression section (1062), the central line of a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity of the diffusion section (1063) and the central line of a mounting hole of a compression unit (106) of the flower plate (109) at the outlet of the multiple compression units are collinear;

the central line of the low-grade steam or secondary steam inlet (105) is vertical to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (104).

3. A hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device as set forth in claim 1 wherein: comprises a hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compressor (1), a secondary expansion separation chamber (2) and a hydrothermal circulation booster pump (3); the secondary expansion separation chamber (2) comprises a first-stage expansion separation chamber (202) with a cylindrical inner cavity, a second-stage expansion separation chamber (203) with an upper elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head, a lower elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head and a cylindrical inner cavity, and an umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (204) is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion separation chamber (203) and the outer wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion separation chamber (202);

the upper end of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber (202) is provided with a two-phase flow inlet (201), and the lower end of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber is provided with an outlet of the first-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber and is also an inlet of the second-stage capacity-expansion separating chamber; a first-stage expansion separation chamber (202) is arranged on an upper elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head of the second-stage expansion separation chamber (203), a hot liquid outlet (206) is arranged on a lower elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head, a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205) is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of a cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion separation chamber (203), and a liquid level meter port (207) and a liquid supplementing port (208) are arranged at the lower part of the side wall;

the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage flash separation chamber (202), the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage flash separation chamber (203), the central line of the umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (204) and the central line of the hot liquid outlet (206) are collinear;

the centerline of the pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205) is perpendicular to the centerline of the cylindrical interior of the second stage diffusion separation chamber (203).

4. A heat pump comprising a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator comprises a heating chamber and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22); the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (22) comprises a first-stage expansion evaporation chamber (222) with a cylindrical inner cavity, a second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223) with an upper elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head, a lower elliptical seal head or a butterfly seal head and a cylindrical inner cavity, and a gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (224) is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223) and the outer wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber (222);

the upper end of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber (222) is provided with a boiling evaporation liquid inlet (221), the lower end of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber is provided with an outlet of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber, and the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber is also an inlet of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber; the upper elliptic end socket or butterfly-shaped end socket of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223) is provided with a first-stage expansion evaporation chamber (222), the lower elliptic end socket or butterfly-shaped end socket is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid outlet (226), the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223) is provided with a secondary steam outlet (225), and the lower part of the side wall is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid level meter port (227);

the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first-stage expansion evaporation chamber (222), the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223), the central line of the gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (224) and the central line of the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet (226) are collinear;

the central line of the secondary steam outlet (225) is vertical to the central line of the cylindrical inner cavity of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223).

5. The heat pump of claim 4, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator is a falling film evaporator and comprises a falling film heating chamber (4) and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22); the steam is secondary steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet (105) which is a secondary vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205); the falling film evaporator is provided with a secondary steam outlet (225) communicated with the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) and a pressurized saturated steam inlet communicated with the falling film heating chamber (4); the secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the secondary steam outlet (225) of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22); a saturated vapor outlet (205) pressurized by the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with a saturated vapor inlet pressurized by the falling film heating chamber (4);

1) the evaporation liquid enters the falling film heating chamber (4) from the upper part of the falling film evaporator and is distributed on the inner wall of the falling film pipe, the evaporation liquid descends in a film shape under the action of gravity, the film layer is very thin and is discharged from a saturated vapor outlet (205) pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, the pressurized saturated vapor entering the outer wall of the falling film pipe from a pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the falling film heating chamber (4) is heated to a boiling state, and the pressurized saturated vapor enters a secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) of the falling film evaporator from a lower pattern plate;

2) the boiling state evaporated liquid firstly enters a first-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (222) of a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (22) and then enters a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (223), so that the boiling state evaporated liquid is subjected to second-stage pressure flash evaporation and second-stage speed reduction, the evaporation back pressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, the evaporation and concentration evaporated liquid is realized in a scene lower than the back pressure due to the relationship of the flow area, and the boiling state evaporated liquid flow is not very large due to the fact that a large amount of concentrated evaporated liquid is not circulated, so that a large evaporation ratio or evaporation intensity is generated, and the evaporation efficiency is high; simultaneously, flash steam or secondary steam is well separated from hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, enters an efficient gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (224) for defoaming, becomes saturated secondary steam from a secondary steam outlet (225) and is discharged at a high speed; the separated liquid drops are settled at the lower part of the second-stage expansion evaporation chamber (223) and discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet (226) to be used as a finished product;

3) and the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet (225) enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205), and enters a falling film evaporator falling film heating chamber (4) again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

6. The heat pump of claim 4, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator is a plate evaporator, and comprises a plate-wrapping type heating chamber (5) and a secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22); the steam is secondary steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet (105) which is a secondary vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205); the plate-type evaporator is provided with a secondary steam outlet (225) communicated with the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) and a pressurized saturated steam inlet communicated with the plate-type heating chamber (5); the secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the secondary steam outlet (225) of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22); a saturated vapor outlet (205) pressurized by the hydrothermal injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with a saturated vapor inlet pressurized by the plate-type heating chamber (5);

1) the evaporated liquid enters an evaporated liquid channel of the plate-type heating chamber (5) from an inlet of the plate-type evaporator plate-type heating chamber (5), is discharged from a saturated vapor outlet (205) pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, enters the pressurized saturated vapor channel adjacent to the evaporated liquid channel from the pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the plate-type heating chamber (5), is heated to a boiling state, and enters a plate-type evaporator secondary flash evaporation chamber (22) from an outlet of the evaporated liquid channel of the plate-type heating chamber (5);

3) the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet (225) enters a secondary steam inlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205), and enters the plate evaporator plate heating chamber (5) again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

7. The heat pump of claim 4, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device and an evaporator; the evaporator is a forced circulation evaporator; the forced circulation evaporator comprises a forced circulation heating chamber (6), a secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) and a circulating pump (11); the steam is secondary steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is provided with a low-grade vapor or secondary vapor inlet (105) which is a secondary vapor inlet and a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205); the forced circulation heating chamber (6) is provided with a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet, a boiling evaporation liquid outlet and a pressurized saturated steam inlet; the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) is provided with a boiling evaporation liquid inlet (221), a secondary vapor outlet (225), a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet (226) and a crystallization liquid outlet (229); the circulating pump (11) is provided with a concentrated evaporated liquid inlet and a pressurized concentrated evaporated liquid outlet; the secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the secondary steam outlet (225) of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22); a saturated vapor outlet (205) pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with a saturated vapor inlet pressurized by the forced circulation heating chamber (6); the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet (226) of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) is communicated with the concentrated evaporated liquid inlet of the circulating pump (11); the concentrated evaporated liquid outlet pressurized by the circulating pump (11) is communicated with the concentrated evaporated liquid inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber (6); the boiling evaporation liquid outlet of the forced circulation heating chamber (6) is communicated with the boiling evaporation liquid inlet (221) of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22);

1) the evaporation liquid enters the circulating pump (11) from a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet of the circulating pump (11), is pressurized together with the concentrated evaporation liquid, is discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet pressurized by the pressurizing pump (11), then enters a concentrated evaporation liquid inlet at the lower part of the forced circulation heating chamber (6), is discharged from a saturated vapor outlet (205) pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, enters a pressurized saturated vapor at the outer wall of the tube from a pressurized saturated vapor inlet of the forced circulation heating chamber (6), is heated to a boiling state, and then enters a boiling evaporation liquid inlet (221) of the secondary expansion evaporation chamber (22) from a boiling evaporation liquid outlet at the upper part of the forced circulation heating chamber (6);

2) the boiling state evaporated liquid firstly enters a first-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (222) of a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (22) and then enters a second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (223), so that the boiling state evaporated liquid is subjected to second-stage pressure flash evaporation and second-stage speed reduction, the evaporation back pressure is generally in a normal pressure or vacuum state, the evaporation and concentration of the evaporated liquid are realized in a scene lower than the back pressure due to the relationship of the flow area, and the boiling state evaporated liquid has large flow and generates a small evaporation ratio although the flow base number is large, the total evaporation intensity is high, and the evaporation efficiency is also high due to the circulation of a large amount of the concentrated evaporated liquid; simultaneously, flash steam or secondary steam is well separated from hot liquid from gas-liquid two-phase flow, enters an efficient gas-phase umbrella-shaped wire mesh demister (224) for defoaming, becomes saturated secondary steam from a secondary steam outlet (225) and is discharged at a high speed; the separated liquid drops are settled at the lower part of the second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (22), discharged from a concentrated evaporation liquid outlet (226), and the majority of the liquid drops enter a circulating pump (11), and the minority of the liquid drops are used as finished products;

3) the secondary steam discharged from the secondary steam outlet (225) enters a secondary steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205), and enters the forced circulation heating chamber (6) again to heat the evaporated liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized;

4) when crystals are separated out, the lower elliptical seal head or butterfly seal head of the second-stage capacity expansion evaporation chamber (223) is a conical seal head which is used as a crystal settling tank, and the crystallization liquid is discharged from a crystallization liquid outlet (229) at the bottom of the crystallization liquid to be processed; because of the forced circulation of the circulating pump (11), the flow velocity of the concentrated evaporated liquid in the heating pipe of the forced circulation heating chamber (6) is large, so that fine crystal grains generated in the concentrated evaporated liquid are in a suspension state, are not easy to deposit on the inner wall of the pipe to form scales, and the heat transfer efficiency is high.

8. A heat pump comprising a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower (7) and a reboiler (8); the rectification liquid contains A, B components, the volatile component is A, and the nonvolatile component is B; the vapor is component A vapor;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet (105), a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205); the rectifying tower (7) is provided with a middle rectifying liquid inlet of A, B components, a tower top A component vapor outlet, a tower bottom reboiling liquid outlet and a tower lower reboiling liquid inlet; the reboiler (8) has a bottom reboiling liquid inlet, a top reboiling liquid outlet, and an upper pressurized component a vapor inlet; the low-grade steam inlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is communicated with the component A steam outlet at the top of the rectifying tower (7); a pressurized saturated vapor outlet (205) of the hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device is communicated with a pressurized A component vapor inlet of the reboiler (8); the bottom reboiling liquid outlet of the rectifying tower (7) is communicated with the bottom reboiling liquid inlet of the reboiler (8); the top reboiling liquid outlet of the reboiler (8) is communicated with the lower reboiling liquid inlet of the rectifying tower (7);

1) the rectified liquid is A, B component entering from the middle A, B component inlet of the rectifying tower (7), the tray or filler on the upper part of the rectifying tower (7) is heated by the ascending steam to generate partial vaporization and partial condensation, the volatile component A is enriched in the steam, and the nonvolatile component B is also enriched in the liquid phase; pure volatile component A steam is obtained at the top of the tower and is discharged from a component A steam outlet at the top of the tower; pure component B which is difficult to volatilize is obtained at the bottom of the tower and is discharged from a reboiled liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower;

2) a component steam discharged from an A component steam outlet at the top of the rectifying tower (7) enters a hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device from a low-grade steam inlet of the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device, the pressurized A component condensate is compressed into pressurized saturated steam, the pressurized saturated steam is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205), and then enters a reboiler (8) from a pressurized A component steam inlet of the reboiler (8) to heat the reboiled liquid, so that the cyclic utilization is realized; the pressurized A component steam is condensed into A component condensate, the A component condensate is discharged from an outlet at the lower part of a shell pass of a reboiler (8), part of the A component condensate is used as reflux to the top of a rectifying tower (7) to ensure the purity of the A component steam, and the other part of the A component condensate is used as an A component product or hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device supplementary liquid;

3) the nonvolatile component B discharged from a reboiling liquid outlet at the bottom of the rectifying tower (7) partially serves as reboiling liquid and enters the reboiler (8) from a reboiling liquid inlet at the bottom of the reboiler (8), the reboiling liquid is partially gasified by heating of the component A steam pressurized by a shell pass on a tube pass and is discharged from a reboiling liquid outlet at the top, and then the nonvolatile component B enters the rectifying tower (7) from a reboiling liquid inlet at the lower part of the rectifying tower (7) to provide a heat source for heating the rectifying tower (7) to generate partial vaporization and partial condensation; the other part is used as a component B product.

9. The heat pump of claim 8, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a rectifying tower (7) and a reboiler (8); the rectification liquid is A, B, C components, the volatile component is A, and the relatively volatile component is B; the nonvolatile component is C; the vapor is A component vapor and B component vapor;

the heat pump has the same structural form and the same steps as those of a heat pump with A, B components of rectification liquid, and only because the rectification liquid is A, B, C components, the two heat pumps with the same structural form and the same steps are required to jointly complete the separation of A, B, C components of the rectification liquid, the first heat pump completes the separation of A components, and the second heat pump completes the separation of B, C components; by analogy, separation of more components can be completed.

10. A heat pump comprising a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heat pump comprises a hot liquid injection multi-unit vapor compression device, a low-grade vapor source (13) and a higher-grade vapor heater (12); the steam is low-grade steam;

the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device is provided with a low-grade steam inlet or a secondary steam inlet (105), a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205); the low-grade steam source (13) is provided with a low-grade steam outlet; the higher grade steam heater (12) has a pressurized saturated steam inlet; the low-grade steam outlet of the low-grade steam source (13), the low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, the saturated steam outlet (205) pressurized by the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device and the saturated steam inlet pressurized by the higher-grade steam heater (12) are communicated in sequence;

1) low-grade steam is discharged from a low-grade steam outlet of the low-grade steam source (13), enters a low-grade steam inlet of the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, is compressed into pressurized saturated steam by pressurized saturated steam condensate in the hydrothermal injection multi-unit steam compression device, and is discharged from a pressurized saturated steam outlet (205);

2) pressurized saturated steam discharged from a saturated steam outlet (205) pressurized by the hot liquid injection multi-unit steam compression device enters a shell pass of a higher-grade steam heater (12) from a saturated steam inlet pressurized by the higher-grade steam heater (12) to heat tube pass materials, the task of heating the materials is completed, latent heat is released by the materials to become condensate, the condensate is discharged from a condensate outlet arranged on the shell pass, and the utilization of the pressurized heating materials of low-grade steam is realized.