CN109911966B

CN109911966B - Waste heat utilization seawater desalination device based on vortex tube effect

Info

Publication number: CN109911966B
Application number: CN201910256438.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡业发; 吴思宇; 谢凡
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date: 2019-04-01
Filing date: 2019-04-01
Publication date: 2020-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-01
Also published as: CN109911966A

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat utilization seawater desalination device based on a vortex tube effect. The evaporator adopts a vacuum low-temperature evaporator, and the seawater is evaporated by using the waste heat of the tail gas; the mixer mixes the tail gas after heat exchange with high-pressure air output by an air compressor to form high-pressure mixed gas; the vortex tube separates the high-pressure mixed gas into a cold end and a hot end; the condenser adopts an air-cooled condenser, and water vapor generated by the evaporation module is condensed into fresh water by using cold-end gas; the preheater consists of a seawater suction pump and a seawater preheater, and the seawater is preheated by hot-end gas. The invention has small occupied volume, high light-making efficiency, large oil-saving amount and low cost, and has great significance for environmental protection and energy saving.

Description

Waste heat utilization seawater desalination device based on vortex tube effect

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste heat desalination, relates to a technology for desalinating seawater on a ship, and particularly relates to a waste heat utilization seawater desalination device based on a vortex tube effect.

Background

Fresh water is an important guarantee resource for offshore operation, however, the fresh water storage of ships is severely limited due to limited space, and the arrangement of seawater desalination equipment on the ships is particularly important.

At present, the seawater desalination method for the ship mainly comprises a distillation method, a membrane method and a crystallization method, and the distillation method and the reverse osmosis method are mature in technology and most applied. The reverse osmosis seawater desalination device has low energy consumption, and the shipping volume is increased rapidly in recent years. However, due to the strict requirement for pretreatment of seawater, the service life of the device and the quality of the product water are not ideal for the fishing boat working in the offshore area with serious pollution. In a ship going out of the sea, a distillation seawater desalination device is a leading product and has more types. The hot technologies studied in the distillation method include multi-stage flash evaporation and low-temperature multi-effect distillation.

Meanwhile, a large amount of waste heat exists in tail gas of the ship diesel engine, a large amount of hot smoke is generated when the ship diesel engine works, and a large amount of unused heat energy is taken away by directly discharging the hot smoke outwards, so that the energy is not fully utilized when the ship diesel engine works normally. In addition, in order to ensure the safe operation of the diesel engine cylinder, cooling water is needed to cool the diesel engine cylinder, and cylinder jacket cooling water can take away the heat of the system. For marine diesel engines, the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel is very low, with only about 50% converted to mechanical work of the internal combustion engine, and the remaining 50% being waste heat. About 25% of waste heat is taken away by waste gas, about 20% of waste heat is taken away by cylinder jacket cooling water, and other waste heat loss accounts for about 5%. The ship cannot effectively utilize the energy, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is low.

The low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination technology is characterized in that a series of horizontal tube falling film evaporators are connected in series and divided into a plurality of effect groups, a certain amount of steam is input, and distilled water with the amount being multiple of the amount of the heated steam is obtained through multiple times of evaporation and condensation. Due to the low technical operation temperature and the large elasticity, various forms of low-grade heat sources can be utilized, and the waste heat of the ship tail gas can be effectively utilized. At present, some researches on desalination of sea water by using waste heat of ships have been conducted at home and abroad.

The invention patent application with publication number CN107555514A discloses a seawater desalination device by using ship flue gas waste heat and an application method thereof, which comprises a seawater storage tank, an inverted funnel-shaped device, a cooling part, an evaporation part, a conveying pipeline and a secondary cooling device. The device only once utilizes the flue gas, and flue gas waste heat utilization ratio is not high, and the inside simple structure of evaporating chamber mainly comprises the horizontal return bend that lets in high temperature waste gas for the easy scale deposit of return bend department just is difficult to the clearance, and sea water evaporation efficiency is low, and product quality of water is not high, is not convenient for drop into in-service use.

The invention patent of publication No. CN103145207B discloses a marine turbine flue gas waste heat two-stage recovery seawater desalination device, which comprises a steam generator, a first condensation heat exchanger, a second condensation heat exchanger, a blowdown heat exchanger, a fresh water storage, a conveying pipeline and a PID controller. The device forces continuous sewage discharge according to a certain seawater inlet proportion, avoids the salt concentration in the generator from rising, and reduces and prevents scaling phenomenon. And meanwhile, fresh seawater is adopted for two-stage temperature rise, so that the effective utilization of waste heat is improved. However, the device is additionally provided with a plurality of controllers, so that the cost of the device is improved, and meanwhile, the device is large in size and is not suitable for the desalination of sea water of ships.

The utility model discloses a utility model patent of publication No. CN206814421U "a vortex tube spraying sea water desalination device", includes air compressor, vortex tube refrigerator, humidifier, condenser, thick brine case, fresh water tank, water pump and sea water tank. The device combines a vortex tube refrigeration technology and a spray evaporation seawater desalination technology to realize the miniaturization of the seawater desalination device. However, the device directly mixes the cold and hot end airflow separated by the vortex tube with the atomized seawater, has higher requirement on the quality of the air introduced into the compressor, and the air is extremely easy to be polluted in the flowing process of the pipeline, so that the water quality of the product is lower.

Therefore, the defects of low energy utilization rate, small desalinated water amount and the like of the conventional marine seawater desalinating device exist. Meanwhile, a large amount of waste heat available in the tail gas of the diesel engine of the ship can provide a heat source for seawater desalination. Therefore, it is necessary to design a low-energy-consumption high-efficiency seawater desalination device and process, which can ensure that the energy is saved and the seawater desalination device can operate continuously, self-sufficiently and efficiently when producing desalinated seawater.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a waste heat utilization seawater desalination device based on a vortex tube effect, aiming at solving the defects of the existing marine seawater desalination technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a waste heat utilization sea water desalination device based on vortex tube effect is characterized in that: comprises an evaporator, a preheater, a condenser, an air compressor, a mixer and a vortex tube, wherein a seawater inlet pipe is arranged at a seawater inlet at the bottom of the evaporator, a steam outlet at the top is connected to a steam inlet of the condenser through a steam pipeline, the high-temperature waste gas inlet of the evaporator is connected with the high-temperature tail gas pipe on the ship through a waste gas pipe, the waste gas outlet of the evaporator is connected with the side suction inlet of the mixer through the waste gas pipe, the high-pressure gas inlet of the mixer is connected with the outlet of the air compressor through a pipeline, the air outlet of the mixer is connected with the air inlet of the vortex tube through a mixed gas pipeline, the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is connected with the cold air inlet of the condenser through a low-temperature gas pipeline, the hot end outlet of the vortex tube is connected with the preheater, the preheater is used for preheating seawater entering the evaporator, and a fresh water outlet is formed in the bottom of the condenser.

As an improvement, the waste heat utilization seawater desalination device further comprises a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected with a steam discharge port of the condenser and is used for forming a low-pressure environment for the whole waste heat utilization seawater desalination device.

As the improvement, the evaporimeter is the shell and tube evaporimeter, and it includes the evaporimeter shell and locates the evaporating pipe in the evaporimeter shell, both ends are equipped with steam chamber and raw materials room respectively about in the evaporimeter shell, and the raw materials room communicates with each other with the evaporating pipe lower extreme, and the steam chamber communicates with each other with the evaporating pipe top, raw materials room bottom is equipped with the sea water feed inlet, and the steam chamber top is equipped with steam outlet, be equipped with on the evaporimeter shell lateral wall with the communicating high temperature waste gas entry of inside shell side and exhaust outlet.

As an improvement, the side part of the raw material chamber is also provided with a concentrated seawater outlet with a control valve.

As an improvement, a heat exchange tube is sleeved outside the evaporation tube in the shell side, and a phase-change material with a heat storage function is filled in a gap between the inner wall of the heat exchange tube and the evaporation tube.

As an improvement, the blender includes compressed air intake pipe, blender shell and locates the venturi jet pipe in the blender shell, venturi jet pipe receives waist department and is equipped with the tail gas intake pipe as the side entry of inhaling, the compressed air intake pipe links to each other as the main entrance with the entry of venturi jet pipe, and the export of venturi jet pipe is equipped with the blast pipe as the blender export.

As an improvement, the tail gas inlet pipe is connected with the waist-closing part of the Venturi jet pipe through a trumpet-shaped contraction type connecting pipe.

As the improvement, the vortex tube includes vortex shell and the vortex generator of locating in the vortex shell, be equipped with on the vortex shell with the communicating air inlet nozzle of vortex generator and air conditioning nozzle, the position relative with the air conditioning nozzle on the vortex shell is equipped with the communicating cold and hot separator tube with vortex generator, the cold and hot separator tube front end is equipped with the steam nozzle.

As an improvement, the preheater is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a hot end outlet of the vortex tube is connected with a tube pass inlet of the preheater, a tube pass outlet of the preheater exhausts air, a tube pass outlet of the preheater is connected with a seawater inlet tube, and a tube pass inlet is connected with a seawater supply pump.

The operation method of the seawater desalination device utilizing waste heat is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

high-temperature tail gas exhausted from a diesel engine on a ship enters a shell pass of an evaporator through a high-temperature waste gas inlet to heat seawater in an evaporation pipe, the seawater in the evaporation pipe rises to a steam chamber along the evaporation pipe after being heated and vaporized, enters a condenser through a steam outlet and is condensed to become fresh water, and the fresh water is exhausted through a seawater desalination outlet pipe of the condenser;

waste gas after the heating passes through the side suction inlet that the waste gas export got into the blender, the air that air compressor compressed simultaneously gets into the high-pressure gas import of blender, utilize efflux entrainment to mix the waste gas that comes out after the evaporimeter heating, mix in the gas outlet through the blender gets into the vortex tube, divide into cold and hot two air currents through the vortex tube, hot junction air current gets into the preheater and preheats the sea water that gets into the evaporimeter, the cold junction gets into the condenser, steam to getting into the condenser condenses, realize the circulation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a system for preheating and condensing seawater by using the waste heat of a marine diesel engine as a heat source and by cold and hot shunting of a vortex tube, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, can meet the fresh water requirement of a corresponding ship because the waste heat of the diesel engine is utilized to the maximum extent and the energy consumption is lower than that of the conventional seawater desalination device, and has good social benefit and wide application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural isometric view of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of a mixer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a vortex tube configuration in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a seawater desalination plant utilizing waste heat according to the present invention.

Wherein: 1-evaporator, 101-vapor chamber end cap, 102-vapor chamber, 103-evaporator housing, 104-high temperature exhaust gas inlet, 105-raw material chamber, 106-seawater inlet, 107-concentrated seawater outlet, 108-raw material chamber end cap, 109-exhaust gas outlet, 110-heat exchange tube, 111-evaporation tube, 112-vapor outlet, 113-connector, 2-preheater, 3-seawater supply pump, 4-evaporator bracket, 5-condenser, 6-airflow parameter monitoring device, 7-mixer, 701-compressed gas inlet tube, 702-mixer housing, 703-seal one, 704-exhaust tube, 705-venturi jet tube, 706-connecting tube, 707-exhaust gas inlet tube, 708-seal two, 8-vacuum pump, 9-air compressor, 10-cushion block, 11-vortex tube, 1101-hot gas nozzle, 1102-air inlet nozzle, 1103-cold gas nozzle, 1104-vortex generator, 1105-cold-heat separation tube, 1106-hot air exhaust port, 1107-vortex shell, 12-fresh water storage tank, 13-diesel engine, 14-electromagnetic flowmeter, 15-cold end flowmeter.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the seawater desalination device based on waste heat utilization of vortex tube effect comprises an evaporator 1, a preheater 2, a seawater supply pump 3, a condenser 5, an airflow parameter monitoring device 6, a mixer 7, a vacuum pump 8, an air compressor 9 and a vortex tube 11. The evaporator 1 is supported by the evaporator support 4, a high-temperature waste gas inlet 104 is formed in the side wall below the evaporator 1, the high-temperature waste gas inlet 104 is connected with an exhaust pipe of the diesel engine 13, a steam outlet 112 is formed in the top of the evaporator 1 and connected with a steam inlet of the condenser 5, a waste gas outlet 109 is formed in the side wall in the middle of the evaporator 1 and connected with a side suction inlet of the mixer 7, a seawater feeding hole 106 is formed in the bottom of the evaporator 1, and the seawater feeding hole 106 is connected with a seawater outlet in the top of the preheater 2 through a seawater inlet pipe. The seawater inlet at the bottom of the preheater 2 is connected with the outlet of the seawater supply pump 3, the side wall of the upper part of the preheater 2 is connected with the outlet of the hot end of the vortex tube 11 through a preheating tube, and the side of the lower part of the preheater 2 is provided with a waste gas outlet for discharging tail gas (discharged to the atmosphere). The inlet of the seawater supply pump 3 is connected to a seawater source for sucking seawater and sending it to the evaporator 1. The condenser 5 is an air-cooled condenser, a low-temperature gas inlet of the condenser 5 is connected with a cold end outlet of the vortex tube 11 through a low-temperature gas pipeline, a cold end flowmeter 15 used for monitoring the flow of the cold end outlet of the vortex tube 11 is arranged on the low-temperature gas pipeline, and a fresh water outlet connected with a fresh water storage tank 12 is arranged at the bottom of the condenser 5. The top of the mixer 7 is provided with a gas outlet, the gas outlet at the top of the mixer 7 is connected with a gas inlet of the vortex tube 11 through a gas mixture pipeline, the gas mixture pipeline is provided with a gas flow parameter monitoring device 6 for measuring gas inlet parameters of the vortex tube 11, and the gas flow parameter monitoring device 6 comprises a flow meter and a pressure sensor and is used for monitoring the flow and the pressure of the gas mixture entering the vortex tube 11. The condenser 5 is provided with a steam inlet at the top and a steam discharge port (not shown) at the lower side, and the steam discharge port is used for discharging excessive pressure in the condenser 5. A vacuum pump 8 is connected to the vapor discharge port of the condenser 5 for creating a low pressure environment for the entire apparatus. The lower part of the air compressor 9 is supported by a cushion block 10 and is arranged on the ground, and the top of the air compressor 9 is provided with an air outlet connected with a high-pressure air inlet of the mixer 7.

As shown in fig. 3, the evaporator 1 is a vacuum evaporator, the evaporator 1 is composed of a vapor chamber end cover 101, a connecting member 113, a vapor chamber 102, an evaporator case 103, a raw material chamber 105, and a raw material chamber end cover 108, and the evaporator 1 is a vertical cylindrical structure as a whole. The upper end and the lower end in the evaporator shell 103 are respectively provided with a steam chamber 102 and a raw material chamber 105, the raw material chamber 105 is communicated with the lower end of an evaporation tube 111, the steam chamber 102 is communicated with the top end of the evaporation tube 111, the bottom of the raw material chamber 105 is provided with a seawater feeding hole 106, and the lower part and the upper part of the side wall of the evaporator shell 103 are respectively provided with a high-temperature waste gas inlet 104 and a waste gas outlet 109 which are communicated with the inner shell side. The heat exchange tube 110 is sleeved outside the evaporation tube 111 in the shell side, a phase change material with a heat storage function is filled in a gap between the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 110 and the evaporation tube 111, and the evaporation tube 111 penetrates through the shell side part of the evaporator 1. The steam chamber end cap 101 and the steam chamber 102 are respectively and uniformly provided with through holes to be connected with a connecting piece 113 (such as a bolt), and the connecting piece 113 connects the steam chamber end cap 101 and the steam chamber 102 together. The steam chamber 102 is provided with steam outlets 112 connected to the condenser 5. The lower end of the vapor chamber 102 is welded to the evaporator housing 103. A high-temperature waste gas inlet 104 connected with an exhaust port of the diesel engine 13 is arranged at the lower front part of the evaporator shell 103; an exhaust gas outlet 109 connected to the air inlet of the mixer 7 is provided at a rear middle portion of the evaporator housing 103. The lower end of the evaporator housing 103 is welded to the raw material chamber 105. The material chamber 105 and the material chamber end cap 108 are respectively and uniformly provided with through holes to be connected with a connecting piece 113, and the connecting piece 113 connects the material chamber 105 and the material chamber end cap 108 together. The bottom of the raw material chamber end cover 108 is provided with a seawater feeding hole 106 connected with the preheater 2. The heat exchange tube 110 and the evaporation tube 111 form an internal structure of the

evaporator

1, and 8 × 8 arrays of the evaporation tube 111 are uniformly distributed in the evaporator shell 103 from top to bottom respectively and are of an internal hollow copper tube structure, so that heat exchange is performed with maximum efficiency. The heat exchange pipe 110 is an inner hollow metal pipe in which a phase change material is sealed. The side of the raw material chamber 105 is also provided with a concentrated seawater outlet 107 with a control valve, when the evaporator 1 moves for a period of time, the concentration of seawater in the raw material chamber 105 will become high, which seriously affects the evaporation efficiency, at this time, the evaporator 1 can be stopped, the control valve on the concentrated seawater outlet 107 is opened, the concentrated seawater in the evaporator is discharged, fresh seawater enters again, and the seawater desalination is continued.

As shown in FIG. 4, the mixer has an internal structure, a compressed air inlet pipe 701 is connected with the left end of the mixer housing 702 at the right end, and is connected with the left end of the venturi jet pipe 705 through a second sealing element 708. The venturi jet pipe 705 is in an X shape, the upper end of a tail gas inlet pipe 707 is connected with a connecting pipe 706, the connecting pipe 706 is designed into a horn shape, and the small end of the connecting pipe 706 is connected with the narrowest part (namely the waist part) in the middle of the venturi jet pipe 705. The outlet at the right end of venturi jet pipe 705 is connected with exhaust pipe 704 through sealing element one 703, and exhaust pipe 704 is fixed through mixer housing 702.

As shown in fig. 5, the vortex tube 11 has an internal structure, the vortex tube 11 includes a vortex housing 1107 and a vortex generator 1104 arranged in the vortex housing 1107, the vortex housing 1107 is provided with an air inlet and a cold air nozzle 1103 which are communicated with the vortex generator 1104, the air inlet is provided with an air inlet nozzle 1102, the vortex housing 1107 is provided with a cold and hot separation tube 1105 which is communicated with the vortex generator 1104 at a position opposite to the cold air nozzle 1103, and the front end of the cold and hot separation tube 1105 is provided with a hot air nozzle 1101. The upper end of the air inlet nozzle 1102 is connected to the air outlet exhaust pipe 704 of the mixer 7, the lower end thereof is connected to the swirl generator 1104, the rear end of the swirl generator 1104 is connected to the cold air nozzle 1103, and the front end thereof is connected to the cold-heat separation pipe 1105. The cold air nozzle 1103 is formed in a horn shape, and has a small end connected to the swirl generator 1104 and a large end connected to the condenser 5. The material of the cold-hot separation pipe 1105 is stainless steel type 316. The front end of the cold-heat separation pipe 1105 is provided with a hot air exhaust port 1106, the hot air exhaust port 1106 is arranged at the radial central position of the cold-heat separation pipe 1105 and used for changing the flow direction of cold air flow, the front end of the hot air exhaust port 1106 is provided with a hot air nozzle 1101, the hot air nozzle 1101 is arranged as an annular nozzle, and gas is sprayed out from the edge position of the nozzle.

As shown in fig. 6, the specific working mode of the present invention is: high-temperature tail gas discharged by the diesel engine 13 is introduced into the vacuum low-temperature evaporator 1 (the pressure of the whole steam pipeline is in a low-pressure environment through the vacuum pump 8), the tail gas waste heat enables seawater to be evaporated and then climbs along the pipe wall of the evaporation pipe 111 to enter the condenser 5, the tail gas after heat exchange enters the mixer 7 to be mixed with compressed air generated by the air compressor 9 in proportion to form mixed gas, and the mixed gas is input into the vortex pipe 11. The mixed gas is separated in the vortex tube 11 to form a cold end and a hot end, wherein the gas at the cold end is introduced into the condenser 5 to condense the water vapor generated in the evaporator 1 into fresh water, the gas at the hot end is introduced into the preheater 2 to preheat the seawater entering the evaporator 1, the low-temperature gas at the cold end is discharged out of the system or to the atmosphere after cooling the evaporator 1, and the high-temperature gas at the hot end is discharged out of the system or to the atmosphere after heat exchange with the seawater through the preheater 2.

In the embodiment of the invention, the evaporation module is designed as a climbing film evaporator, the evaporation tube 111 is composed of a plurality of vertical long tubes, in the evaporation process, seawater enters the tube pass from the bottom of the evaporator 1, high-temperature tail gas enters the shell pass of the evaporator 1 to heat the evaporation tube 111, the seawater is heated and boiled and vaporized rapidly in the evaporation tube 111, and the generated steam rises at a high speed in the tube of the evaporation tube 111. The seawater is driven by the steam which rises rapidly, and rises like a film along the inner wall of the pipe, and the film is also evaporated in the rising process. The vertical tube climbing film evaporator 1 has high heat transfer coefficient, a water pump is not needed to be used for improving the main power during feeding, a large amount of pump energy is saved, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the vertical tube climbing film evaporator can be used for carrying out small-scale seawater and fresh water on occasions such as ships.

The mixing module disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is designed into a Venturi mixer, the optimum inlet air pressure of the Venturi mixer selected by the device is about 0.7MPa, and the optimum inlet air temperature is 100 ℃. The mixer 7 mixes the tail gas with the pressure of atmospheric pressure with the high-pressure air provided by the air compressor, the air compressed by the air compressor is ejected from the high-pressure air inlet of the venturi jet pipe 705 at high speed in the mixing process, negative pressure is formed in the air suction chamber, the tail gas entering the secondary flow inlet (namely the tail gas inlet pipe 707) is ejected, and the tail gas is fully mixed with the tail gas in the venturi pipe and then is output. The mixing module can control the pressure and the temperature of the mixed compressed air and tail gas by adjusting the flow rate of the compressed air. After detecting the state parameters of the tail gas, the air compressor automatically adjusts the gas output, so that the pressure and the temperature of the gas outlet of the mixer 7 can reach the pressure and the temperature required by the vortex tube 11 under the condition of ensuring the secondary flow.

In the embodiment of the invention, the cold-heat separation module is designed to be a vortex tube structure, and the vortex tube 11 can enable the outlets of the cold end and the hot end to be opposite by adjusting the pressure difference between the hot end adjusting valve and the cold end cold pore plate, so that the cold-heat separation efficiency is improved. The system utilizes the cold-hot separation function of the vortex tube 11, high-pressure gas with the temperature of about 50 ℃ obtained by the mixing module is introduced into the air inlet of the vortex tube 11, the gas with the temperature of about 130 ℃ obtained at the hot end is introduced into the preheater 2 for preheating seawater through the separation function of the vortex tube 11, and the gas with the temperature of about 10 ℃ obtained at the cold end is introduced into the condenser 5 for cooling and condensing water vapor.

In the embodiment of the invention, the preheater 2 utilizes hot end airflow generated by separating compressed gas through the vortex tube 11 to carry out seawater pretreatment, namely seawater preheating. The hot end of the vortex tube 11 generates 100 ℃ air flow, the preheater 2 is arranged on the seawater inlet tube, heat flow is introduced into the preheater 2 to fully exchange heat with normal-temperature seawater, the seawater is heated to 35 ℃, the mobility of the seawater is increased, and the seawater desalination efficiency is improved. The flow rate and the actual use condition of the heat exchange seawater required by the invention are analyzed, the preheater 2 is designed into a detachable plate type heat exchanger, the maximum flow rate can reach 6000kg/h, and the flow rate desalination in the system flow is met.

In the embodiment of the invention, the condenser 5 adopts an air-cooled condenser, and realizes condensation effect through cold and heat exchange between low-temperature tail gas and water vapor. The water vapor in the evaporator 1 climbs along the pipe wall to enter the condenser 5, and exchanges heat with cold air flow from the cold end of the vortex tube 11, the water vapor is condensed into water flow to enter the fresh water tank, and the exchanged cold air is directly discharged from the exhaust port.

In the embodiment of the invention, the invention adopts an automatic control technology, and the control technology consists of a circuit consisting of an MCS51 singlechip, a temperature sensor and a flow valve. The embodiment of the invention can also be provided with a temperature sensor at the waste gas outlet of the evaporator 1 for controlling the mixed gas, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the tail gas passing through the evaporator 1 and sends information to the singlechip, the singlechip determines the mixing proportion of the tail gas and the compressed gas through calculation, and the flow of the two gases is adjusted by controlling the flow valve to realize the stable input of the temperature of the mixed gas. For the detection of the vortex tube 11, the operation state of the vortex tube is controlled by detecting the flow and pressure information of the inlet of the vortex tube and the flow information of the outlet of the cold end of the vortex tube, meanwhile, temperature sensors can be respectively arranged at the cold end and the hot end of the vortex tube 11, the temperature sensors detect the cold end gas and the hot end gas of the vortex tube 11 and send electric signals to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer displays the corresponding temperature to the display screen.

It should be noted that although not shown in the drawings, according to the control requirement, the present invention may be provided with control valves at the outlet of the air compressor 9, the inlet and outlet pipelines of the mixer 7, the inlet and outlet pipelines of the vortex tube 11, the inlet and outlet pipelines of the evaporator 1, the inlet and outlet pipelines of the condenser 5, and the inlet and outlet pipelines of the seawater supply pump 3, and the control valves may be controlled by a controller, such as a single chip microcomputer, or manually.

The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and any modification or variation made based on the present invention is within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A waste heat utilization sea water desalination device based on vortex tube effect is characterized in that: comprises an evaporator, a preheater, a condenser, an air compressor, a mixer and a vortex tube, wherein a seawater inlet pipe is arranged at a seawater inlet at the bottom of the evaporator, a steam outlet at the top is connected to a steam inlet of the condenser through a steam pipeline, the high-temperature waste gas inlet of the evaporator is connected with the high-temperature tail gas pipe on the ship through a waste gas pipe, the waste gas outlet of the evaporator is connected with the side suction inlet of the mixer through the waste gas pipe, the high-pressure gas inlet of the mixer is connected with the outlet of the air compressor through a pipeline, the air outlet of the mixer is connected with the air inlet of the vortex tube through a mixed gas pipeline, the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is connected with the cold air inlet of the condenser through a low-temperature gas pipeline, the hot end outlet of the vortex tube is connected with the preheater, the preheater is used for preheating seawater entering the evaporator, the bottom of the condenser is provided with a fresh water outlet, and the side part of the condenser is provided with a steam discharge outlet.

2. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 1, wherein: the seawater desalination device further comprises a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is connected with a steam discharge port of the condenser and is used for forming a low-pressure environment for the whole waste heat utilization seawater desalination device.

3. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 2, wherein: the evaporimeter is shell and tube type evaporimeter, and it includes the evaporimeter shell and locates the evaporating pipe in the evaporimeter shell, both ends are equipped with steam chamber and raw materials room respectively about in the evaporimeter shell, and the raw materials room communicates with each other with the evaporating pipe lower extreme, and the steam chamber communicates with each other with the evaporating pipe top, raw materials room bottom is equipped with the sea water feed inlet, and the steam chamber top is equipped with steam outlet, be equipped with on the evaporimeter shell lateral wall with the communicating high temperature waste gas entry of inside shell side and waste gas outlet.

4. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 3, wherein: the side part of the raw material chamber is also provided with a concentrated seawater outlet with a control valve.

5. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 3, wherein: the heat exchange tube is sleeved outside the evaporation tube in the shell pass, and a phase change material with a heat storage function is filled in a gap between the inner wall of the heat exchange tube and the evaporation tube.

6. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 3, wherein: the blender includes compressed gas intake pipe, blender shell and locates the venturi jet pipe in the blender shell, venturi jet pipe waist portion department of receiving is equipped with the tail gas intake pipe as the side suction mouth, the compressed gas intake pipe links to each other as the main entrance with the entry of venturi jet pipe, and the export of venturi jet pipe is equipped with the blast pipe as the export of blender.

7. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 6, wherein: the tail gas intake pipe is connected with the waist-closing part of the Venturi jet pipe through a horn-shaped contraction type connecting pipe.

8. The seawater desalination apparatus using waste heat according to claim 6, wherein: the vortex tube includes vortex shell and locates the vortex generator in the vortex shell, be equipped with on the vortex shell with the communicating air inlet nozzle and the air conditioning nozzle of vortex generator, the position relative with the air conditioning nozzle on the vortex shell is equipped with the cold and hot separator tube that communicates with each other with the vortex generator, the cold and hot separator tube front end is equipped with the steam nozzle.

9. A method for operating a seawater desalination plant using waste heat as claimed in claim 8, comprising the steps of: