CN113265708A - Tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process, which comprises the following steps: (1) cocoon selection: primarily selecting the tussah cocoons with living pupae by naked eyes and perception; (2) normal pressure low temperature relieving: (3) and (3) low-temperature reeling: reeling the reeled tussah cocoons by an automatic reeling machine immediately; (4) and (3) re-shaking: re-shaking and finishing the raw silk obtained in the step (3); (5) adding bone glue into the raw silk after re-shaking finishing through a sizing warping machine, and then carrying out sizing treatment; (6) burning the sized silk into burrs through a silk burning machine, wherein the burning speed is controlled at 120 m/min; (7) taking pupae: and (4) immediately carrying out manual pupa liner separation on the silkworm cocoons subjected to silk reeling in the step (3) to obtain live pupas. The reeled tussah silk is reeled by adopting an automatic reeling technology, so that the reeling efficiency is greatly improved, the labor is reduced, the cost is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the prepared tussah silk has a smooth surface and less hairiness, and the quality of the tussah silk is improved.

Description

Tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tussah silk reeling, and particularly relates to a tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process.

Background

The tussah originates from the south-luzhong area of Shandong province in China, and the yield of cocoon silk is second to that of silkworm. The prior tussah silk reeling is still manual silk reeling, has low production efficiency and high labor intensity, wastes a large amount of manpower and material resources and invisibly increases the production cost.

The method is characterized in that the tussah live pupa reeling is also designed in the patent '201410163769.5-tussah fresh cocoon live pupa reeling process', the tussah live pupa reeling is implemented by adopting a vacuumizing infiltration method to reel the tussah cocoons and enabling water to infiltrate into the tussah cocoons, so that the live pupa reeling is implemented, but the silkworm pupas are asphyxiated by oxygen lack in vacuum, so that the silkworm pupas also need low temperature, the process has higher requirements on environmental parameters such as vacuum degree, low temperature and the like, the implementation difficulty is large, and the environmental parameters have greater influence on the survival rate of the silkworm pupas; and the method is only suitable for a vertical reeling machine and cannot perform automatic reeling.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a tussah silkworm live cocoon reelability silk reeling process aiming at the defects of the prior art, which can carry out live cocoon reeling at normal temperature and normal pressure, reduce the waste of raw materials, improve the survival rate of silkworm chrysalis and the quality of tussah silk, and ensure that the obtained silkworm chrysalis has long survival time.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process comprises the following steps:

(1) cocoon selection: primarily selecting the tussah cocoons with living pupae by naked eyes and perception;

(2) normal pressure low temperature relieving:

preparing an unwinding liquid, wherein the unwinding liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of sodium zincate, 2-5 parts of sodium perborate, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium silicate, 5-20 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5-1 part of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1000 parts of water;

the cocoon reeling process includes adding fresh cocoon in 100 weight portions into reeling liquid in 500 weight portions, soaking fresh cocoon circularly at normal pressure for 10-20 sec each time, soaking interval for 90-120 sec, reeling temperature for 35-42 deg.c and reeling soaking for 4-6 hr;

wherein, the aqueous solution of the sodium zincate is alkaline and can slowly release sodium hydroxide, and sericin absorbs alkali in the aqueous alkali to intensify the swelling and increase the solubility; the process of slowly releasing alkali can uniformly unwind the silkworm cocoon from outside to inside and has the function of expanding sericin;

the sodium perborate has strong bleaching and reelability, but does not damage the fiber, is especially suitable for the tussah silk protein fiber, the sodium perborate decomposes and releases oxygen at 40 ℃, this can guarantee the silkworm chrysalis will not suffocate because of the anoxia in the reelability, in addition its aqueous solution is alkaline, it has good effects to reelability of the tussah cocoon;

wherein the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether has the function of quickly wetting the silkworm cocoons and accelerates the permeation of the reelability liquid into the silkworm cocoons;

(3) and (3) low-temperature reeling: immediately reeling the reeled tussah cocoons by using an automatic reeling machine, wherein the reeling process is free from magnetic eyes, the temperature of the reeling soup is controlled to be 20-35 ℃, and the speed of the automatic reeling machine is controlled to be 190 r/min;

(4) and (3) re-shaking: re-shaking and finishing the raw silk obtained in the step (3);

(5) single warp sizing: adding bone glue into the re-shaken and finished raw silk through a sizing warping machine, and then carrying out sizing treatment, wherein the sizing treatment temperature is controlled at 50-60 ℃, and the vehicle speed is controlled at 40-50 m/min;

(6) singeing at a fire hole: burning the sized silk into a burr through a silk burning machine, controlling the burning speed at 110-150m/min, and processing to obtain finished silk after burning;

(7) taking pupae: and (4) immediately manually separating the silkworm cocoons reeled in the step (3) from the pupa lining, obtaining live pupas, washing with clean water, and preserving after washing.

Preferably, the low-temperature reeling in the step (3) comprises groping, groping and reeling;

the end groping is to adopt an end groping broom to grove the fresh cocoons for 40 to 80 times in the soup of the silk reeling pot, and to discharge the cocoons with end groping, wherein the temperature of the end groping soup is controlled to be 20 to 35 ℃;

the thread tidying is that after cocoons come out, the silk collecting machine is used for collecting silk, the silk collecting soup temperature is controlled at 35 ℃, and the silk collecting and sizing are 5 grains per thread;

the silk reeling and end feeding is performed by an automatic silk reeling machine; end feeding: 7 times per minute, wool feeding: 1.4 times/min, the filament yield is 88.3 percent, and the recovery rate is 70.2 percent.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) tussah silk is a natural protein, and contains a large amount of sericin, oil wax, ash and pigment. The silk glue and the oil wax are difficult to wet and permeate, the performance of the silk glue in water is similar to that of the gelatin, the silk glue is prepared into weak alkaline reeled solution when meeting alkali, the damage to the silk glue is light, the tussah cocoons can be quickly permeated from outside to inside, and a circulating soaking and reeling mode is matched, so that in the process of contacting the reeled solution, the reeled solution quickly permeates to evenly reele the cocoons from outside to inside, and simultaneously, the contact is carried out for 10-20 seconds each time, the reeled solution is ensured not to enter the interiors of the cocoons to damage the silkworm chrysalis, the cocoons are soaked again at intervals of 90-120 seconds, and the sufficient breathing time of the silkworm chrysalis is ensured; through intermittent soaking and reelability, good reelability can be achieved, the high survival rate of the silkworm chrysalis is ensured, and the obtained silkworm chrysalis has long survival time;

(2) after low-temperature reeling, single-warp sizing and fire port singeing are sequentially carried out on raw silk, and the single-warp sizing can better bond the twisted silk; the burr singeing can burn the hair feather at the fuzzing part on the silk thread; the single-warp sizing silk and the fire port singeing effectively improve the quality of the finished silk threads, the finished silk threads have smooth appearance surface and rare hairiness, each index reaches above 3A grade, and the finished silk threads completely accord with the national standard GB/T14578-2003.

The reeled tussah silk is reeled by adopting an automatic reeling technology, so that the reeling efficiency is greatly improved, the labor is reduced, the cost is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the prepared tussah silk has a smooth surface and less hairiness, and the quality of the tussah silk is improved.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.

Examples

The tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) cocoon selection: primarily selecting the tussah cocoons with living pupae by naked eyes and perception;

(2) normal pressure low temperature relieving:

preparing a solution for reelability, respectively taking 15kg of sodium zincate, 5kg of sodium perborate, 1kg of sodium silicate, 18kg of hydrogen peroxide with the concentration of 27.5%, 1kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1000kg of water, mixing and stirring uniformly, heating to 38 ℃, taking 200kg of selected tussah silkworm, soaking and reelability by adopting a circulating cocoon soaking machine in a normal-pressure environment, wherein each soaking time of the silkworm cocoon is 15 seconds, the soaking interval time is 120 seconds, and continuously and circularly soaking and reelability for 5 hours;

(3) and (3) low-temperature reeling:

groping and groping: in the silk reeling pot soup with the soup temperature of 30 ℃, a groping end broom is adopted to grove end 80 times on the reeled silkworm cocoons, and the groped end cocoons are discharged;

thread picking: after cocoon comes out, carrying out silk gathering through a silk gathering machine, controlling the temperature of silk gathering soup at 35 ℃, and setting silk gathering grains to be 5 grains/end, wherein the grain gathering adopts a threading-free magnetic eye;

reeling at 32 deg.C with automatic reeling machine at 180 r/min;

end feeding: 7 times per minute, wool feeding: 1.4 times/min, the thread yield is 88.3 percent, and the recovery rate is 70.2 percent;

(4) and (3) re-shaking: re-shaking and finishing the raw silk obtained in the step (3);

(5) single warp sizing: adding bone glue into the re-shaken and finished raw silk through a sizing warping machine, and then carrying out sizing treatment, wherein the sizing treatment temperature is controlled at 50-60 ℃, and the speed is controlled at 50 m/min;

(6) singeing at a fire hole: burning the sized silk into burrs through a silk burning machine, wherein the burning speed is controlled at 120 m/min;

after the fire hole is singed, processing to obtain finished filaments, packaging and warehousing;

detecting finished yarn:

average fineness: 34.22D

Fineness deviation ratio: 1.94 percent

Breaking strength: 3.10CN/dtex

Elongation at break: 20.1 percent of

Cohesion: 20 times (twice)

Cleaning: 90 minutes

Each index reaches above 3A grade and completely conforms to the national standard GB/T14578-2003;

(7) taking pupae: and (4) manually separating the silkworm cocoons reeled in the step (3) from the pupa lining within 5 minutes, obtaining live pupas, cleaning with clear water, and storing after cleaning, wherein the storage temperature is controlled at 5 ℃, and the humidity is controlled at 20%. The following is a comparison table of different reelability parameters for the survival rate and survival time of the reeled live pupae under the same reeling process:

as can be seen from the above table, in comparison with comparative example 1, in the whole immersion and reelability mode, the silkworm pupas are suffocated and die due to the entering of the reelability solution, and the survival rate of the silkworm pupas is extremely low, so that the reelability method adopting the circular immersion mode can greatly improve the survival rate of the silkworm pupas; example 1 compared with comparative example 5, it is shown that too long soaking time per time results in decreased survival rate of silkworm pupae and greatly shortened survival time of silkworm pupae.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification and replacement based on the technical solution and inventive concept provided by the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A tussah living cocoon reelability silk reeling process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) cocoon selection: primarily selecting the tussah cocoons with living pupae by naked eyes and perception;

(2) normal pressure low temperature relieving:

preparing an unwinding liquid, wherein the unwinding liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of sodium zincate, 2-5 parts of sodium perborate, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium silicate, 5-20 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 0.5-1 part of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1000 parts of water;

the cocoon reeling process includes adding fresh cocoon in 100 weight portions into reeling liquid in 500 weight portions, soaking fresh cocoon circularly at normal pressure for 10-20 sec each time, soaking interval for 90-120 sec, reeling temperature for 35-42 deg.c and reeling soaking for 4-6 hr;

(3) and (3) low-temperature reeling: immediately reeling the reeled tussah cocoons by using an automatic reeling machine, wherein the reeling process is free from magnetic eyes, the temperature of the reeling soup is controlled to be 20-35 ℃, and the speed of the automatic reeling machine is controlled to be 190 r/min;

(4) and (3) re-shaking: re-shaking and finishing the raw silk obtained in the step (3);

(5) single warp sizing: adding bone glue into the re-shaken and finished raw silk through a sizing warping machine, and then carrying out sizing treatment, wherein the sizing treatment temperature is controlled at 50-60 ℃, and the vehicle speed is controlled at 40-50 m/min;

(6) singeing at a fire hole: burning the sized silk into a burr through a silk burning machine, controlling the burning speed at 110-150m/min, and processing to obtain finished silk after burning;

(7) taking pupae: and (4) immediately manually separating the silkworm cocoons reeled in the step (3) from the pupa lining, obtaining live pupas, washing with clean water, and preserving after washing.

2. The tussah living cocoon reeling silk reeling process of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature silk reeling in the step (3) comprises groping, groping and silk reeling feeding;

the end groping is to adopt an end groping broom to grove the fresh cocoons for 40 to 80 times in the soup of the silk reeling pot, and to discharge the cocoons with end groping, wherein the temperature of the end groping soup is controlled to be 20 to 35 ℃;

the thread tidying is that after cocoons come out, the silk collecting machine is used for collecting silk, the silk collecting soup temperature is controlled at 35 ℃, and the silk collecting and sizing are 5 grains per thread;

the silk reeling and end feeding is performed by an automatic silk reeling machine; end feeding: 7 times per minute, wool feeding: 1.4 times/min, the filament yield is 88.3 percent, and the recovery rate is 70.2 percent.