CN113265550A - Vacuum distillation and forming device and method for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag - Google Patents
Vacuum distillation and forming device and method for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN113265550A CN113265550A CN202110455874.6A CN202110455874A CN113265550A CN 113265550 A CN113265550 A CN 113265550A CN 202110455874 A CN202110455874 A CN 202110455874A CN 113265550 A CN113265550 A CN 113265550A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D9/00—Machines or plants for casting ingots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vacuum distillation and forming device and method for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag. A vacuum distillation apparatus comprising: a vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11), and a heating furnace base (12) for installing the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11); a cooling device (13) is covered on part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11), and the rest part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) is positioned in the heating furnace seat (12); the cooling device (13) is positioned above the heating furnace base (12). The vacuum distillation device of the scheme has high distillation efficiency, and the production efficiency of refined calcium is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-purity calcium production, in particular to a vacuum distillation and forming device and method for extracting metal calcium from carbide slag.
Background
Calcium is a metal element with extremely active chemical properties, and can be widely applied to industries such as metallurgy, petrochemical industry and the like as a reducing agent in nuclear industry purification uranium and metallurgical industry, a deoxidizing agent of alloy and a dehydrating agent of oil. The existing production method of metal calcium mainly comprises two production processes of preparing metal calcium by using calcium oxide as a raw material through molten salt electrolysis and distillation and preparing metal calcium by using calcium oxide as a raw material through aluminothermic reduction. The production of preparing the metal calcium by the fused salt electrolytic distillation is introduced from the fifty years of China, the production is operated for more than 50 years so far, no major upgrade and transformation are carried out in the period, the production process and equipment are basically maintained at the level of fifty years, the process automation level is low, the production efficiency is low, and meanwhile, because the set of production process is not provided with matched environment-friendly facilities and monitoring means, the production site and the tail gas emission can not meet the environment-friendly requirement
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum distillation and forming device and a method for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vacuum distillation apparatus for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag, comprising: the vacuum calcium distillation furnace comprises a vacuum calcium distillation furnace and a heating furnace base for mounting the vacuum calcium distillation furnace;
a cooling device is covered on part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace, and the rest part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace is positioned in the heating furnace seat;
the cooling device is positioned above the heating furnace base.
According to one aspect of the invention, the vacuum calcium distillation furnace is provided with a feeding pipe and a refined calcium discharging pipe;
the feeding pipe is communicated with the part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace, which is positioned in the heating furnace seat;
the refined calcium discharge pipe is communicated with the part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace covered with the cooling device.
According to one aspect of the invention, a plurality of evaporation trays are arranged in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace;
and the evaporation trays are all annular trays.
According to one aspect of the invention, the evaporation tray comprises: the annular tray body is provided with an annular inner peripheral edge arranged at the edge of an inner ring of the annular tray body, an annular outer peripheral edge arranged at the edge of an outer ring of the annular tray body and an overflow piece arranged on the annular tray body;
the annular tray body, the annular inner peripheral edge and the annular outer peripheral edge form an annular liquid storage tank;
the annular disc body is provided with a liquid outlet hole penetrating through the body;
the overflow piece is arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet hole.
According to one aspect of the invention, the overflow comprises: a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate;
the second connecting plate is perpendicular to the first connecting plate;
the first connecting plate and the annular disc body are arranged on the annular disc body in parallel, and the overflow hole in the first connecting plate corresponds to the liquid outlet hole.
According to an aspect of the present invention, opposite ends of the first connecting plate are connected to the annular inner peripheral edge and the annular outer peripheral edge, respectively, in a radial direction of the annular disk body;
along the radial direction of the annular disc body, two opposite ends of the second connecting plate are respectively connected with the annular inner peripheral edge and the annular outer peripheral edge;
the height of the second connecting plate is lower than the depth of the annular liquid storage tank.
According to one aspect of the invention, a plurality of evaporation trays in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and the liquid outlet holes on the adjacent evaporation trays are arranged in a staggered manner.
According to one aspect of the invention, a collecting tray for collecting condensate is also arranged in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace;
the collecting tray is an annular tray, and continuous flanges are vertically arranged on the edge of the inner ring of the collecting tray.
According to one aspect of the invention, the collecting tray is positioned below the position where the fine calcium discharging pipe is connected with the vacuum calcium distilling furnace;
the position of the feeding pipe connected with the vacuum calcium distillation furnace is positioned below the collecting tray and above the evaporation tray.
According to one aspect of the invention, the vacuum calcium distillation furnace is further provided with a bottom tapping pipe.
According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling means is a hood having a regular shape;
and an accommodating cavity for accommodating a cooling medium is formed between the cooling device and the vacuum calcium distilling furnace.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a forming apparatus using the vacuum distillation apparatus for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag, comprising: the device comprises a vacuum distillation device, a raw material melting furnace, a feeding holding furnace, a fine calcium ingot casting device and a calcium-poor melt transfer device;
the raw material melting furnace is connected with the feeding heat preservation furnace, the feeding heat preservation furnace is connected with the vacuum distillation device, and the vacuum distillation device is respectively connected with the fine calcium ingot casting device and the low calcium melt transfer device.
According to one aspect of the invention, the feed holding furnace is communicated with a feed pipe of the vacuum distillation device;
the refined calcium ingot casting device is communicated with a refined calcium discharge pipe of the vacuum distillation device;
the calcium-poor molten liquid transfer device is communicated with a furnace bottom discharge pipe of the vacuum distillation device;
in the vertical direction, the feeding holding furnace, the fine calcium ingot casting device and the poor calcium melt transfer device are all arranged at positions lower than the vacuum distillation device.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the raw material melting furnace is disposed higher than the feed holding furnace in a vertical direction;
the bottom of the raw material melting furnace is provided with at least one material output pipe;
the raw material melting furnace is connected with the feeding heat preservation furnace through the material output pipe.
According to one aspect of the invention, the feed holding furnace comprises: a hollow heat-preserving furnace body;
the hollow heat-insulating furnace body is internally provided with a feeding cavity and a suction cavity so as to form an overflow device corresponding to the feeding cavity;
the material output pipe is arranged corresponding to the feeding cavity.
The feeding pipe is arranged corresponding to the material sucking cavity;
at least one feeding cavity is provided.
According to one aspect of the invention, the overflow device comprises: the lifting device comprises a driving unit, a lifting unit connected with the driving unit and a control unit connected with the driving unit;
the control unit is used for controlling the driving unit to drive the lifting unit to reciprocate relative to the feeding cavity.
According to one aspect of the invention, the fine calcium ingot casting device comprises: the device comprises a vacuum ingot casting chamber, a fine calcium heat-preservation ingot casting furnace arranged in the vacuum ingot casting chamber, and a mold unit positioned outside the vacuum ingot casting chamber;
the vacuum ingot casting chamber is provided with a first valve structure used for being connected with the mould unit;
and the refined calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace is used for receiving the output material of the refined calcium discharge pipe and transferring the output material to the mould unit.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the mold unit includes: the mould lifting device comprises an annular rail, a plurality of moulds arranged on the annular rail, a mould driving device used for driving the moulds to move on the annular rail, and a lifting support;
the lifting support is arranged opposite to the first valve structure;
the annular track is located between the lift support and the first valve structure.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the calcium-depleted molten metal transporting apparatus includes: the device comprises a low-calcium molten liquid transfer chamber, a low-calcium holding furnace arranged in the low-calcium molten liquid transfer chamber, and a low-calcium molten liquid transfer mold unit;
and the low-calcium holding furnace is used for receiving output materials of a furnace bottom discharge pipe and transferring the output materials to the low-calcium molten liquid transferring die unit.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the calcium-depleted melt transfer mold unit includes: the mould transition cavity, a transition track laid in the mould transition cavity and a molten liquid transferring mould arranged on the transition track;
the mold transition cavity comprises: the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are arranged in sequence;
a first gate valve is arranged between the first chamber and the second chamber, and a first sealing door is arranged at one end of the first chamber, which is far away from the second chamber;
and a second gate valve is arranged between the second chamber and the third chamber, and a second sealing door is arranged at one end of the third chamber far away from the second chamber.
According to one aspect of the invention, a mold pushing device for driving the melt transfer mold to move is arranged in the first chamber.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second chamber is located inside the calcium-depleted molten liquid transfer chamber, and the first chamber and the third chamber are located outside the calcium-depleted molten liquid transfer chamber;
the second chamber is also provided with a third gate valve communicated with the calcium-poor molten liquid transfer chamber.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a production method using the above forming apparatus, comprising:
s1, adding a raw material into a raw material melting furnace, and adding a molten salt covering agent for covering the raw material into the raw material melting furnace;
s2, sending the melted raw materials to the feeding heat preservation furnace;
s3, quantitatively conveying the melted raw materials to the vacuum distillation device by the feeding heat preservation furnace;
and S4, condensing calcium steam generated by the raw material in the vacuum distillation device into a calcium solution, conveying the calcium solution to the fine calcium ingot casting device through a fine calcium discharge pipe, and carrying out ingot casting and forming.
According to an aspect of the invention, further comprising:
s5, conveying the poor calcium copper alloy solution generated in the vacuum distillation device to a poor calcium molten liquid transfer device through a furnace bottom discharge pipe, and transferring the poor calcium copper alloy solution to an electrolysis process through the poor calcium molten liquid transfer device.
According to one aspect of the invention, in step S1, the raw material is an electrolyzed copper-calcium-rich alloy with 65% calcium content, 35% copper content and 2.18t/m density3。
According to an aspect of the present invention, in step S2, the feed material holding furnace is filled with an inert shielding gas, and the pressure in the feed material holding furnace is equal to atmospheric pressure.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in step S3, the feed holding furnace quantitatively feeds the melted raw material to the vacuum distillation apparatus through a feed pipe; wherein the temperature of the feeding pipe is kept between 600 and 650 ℃.
According to one aspect of the invention, in step S4, the temperature of the fine calcium discharge pipe is maintained at 850-880 ℃.
According to an aspect of the invention, in step S4, the temperature of the fine calcium holding ingot furnace in the fine calcium ingot casting device is maintained between 850 ℃ and 880 ℃.
According to an aspect of the invention, the step of feeding the calcium solution to a refined calcium ingot casting device and forming an ingot in step S4 includes:
s41, driving the molds to move along the annular track, so that one of the molds is aligned with the first valve structure;
s42, lifting and supporting the mould upwards by a lifting support so that the mould is abutted to the first valve structure;
s43, carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the mold and the first valve structure;
s44, opening the first valve structure, and pouring a calcium solution into the mold by using a fine calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace;
s45, after waiting for a preset interval, closing the first valve structure to enable the mold and the first valve structure to recover to atmospheric pressure;
s46, the lifting support moves downwards to enable the mold to be separated from the first valve structure, and steps S41 to S45 are executed in a circulating mode.
According to one aspect of the present invention, in step S5, the step of transferring the calcium-deficient copper alloy solution to the calcium-deficient molten metal transferring device through the furnace bottom discharging pipe and transferring the calcium-deficient copper alloy solution to the electrolysis process through the calcium-deficient molten metal transferring device includes:
s51, opening a first sealing door of a first cavity in the mold transition cavity, and pushing the melt transfer mold into the first cavity along the transition track;
s52, closing the first sealing door, and vacuumizing the first cavity;
s53, opening a first gate valve, and pushing the molten liquid transferring mold into a second chamber;
s54, opening a third gate valve, and pouring the low-calcium copper alloy solution into the melt transfer mold by using a low-calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace;
s55, closing the third gate valve, opening the second gate valve, and pushing the molten liquid transferring mold into a third chamber;
s56, closing the second gate valve, and filling air into the third chamber and recovering to normal pressure;
and S57, opening a second sealing door to take out the molten liquid transferring mold.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in step S5, the method further includes:
s58, closing the second sealing door and vacuumizing the third chamber.
According to one scheme of the invention, the vacuum distillation device has high distillation efficiency, and the production efficiency of refined calcium is greatly improved.
According to one scheme of the invention, the vacuum distillation device is provided with a plurality of trays for realizing different heating, distillation and recovery functions, thereby ensuring smooth and stable operation of each process stage, and ensuring the operation stability and long service life of the vacuum distillation device.
According to one scheme of the invention, the vacuum distillation device can meet the capacity of refined calcium of more than 3 tons/day, and the production of high-yield and high-purity refined calcium is realized.
According to the scheme of the invention, the raw material melting furnace is arranged above the feeding heat-preserving furnace, so that the liquid raw materials in the raw material melting furnace can be effectively and smoothly fed into the feeding heat-preserving furnace, the feeding is convenient and quick, and the feeding is easy to control.
According to one scheme of the invention, the feeding heat-preserving furnace is set to be under the protection of inert gas, and the constant-speed pressing of the solid with the equal cross section into the material supplementing cavity is adopted, so that the constant-quantity raw material enters the vacuum furnace, the balance of the material supplementing quantity in the vacuum furnace is effectively ensured, the feeding quantity is easy to control, and the stable working condition of the distillation environment in the furnace is realized.
According to one scheme of the invention, the intermittent discharging of the calcium-poor alloy with high melting point is realized through the vacuum ingot casting chamber, the continuous work of the vacuum distillation system is not influenced in the discharging process, the calcium-poor alloy can be returned to the electrolysis system when the calcium-poor alloy is hot, and the heat loss is reduced.
According to one scheme of the invention, ingot cooling of high-purity calcium is realized under vacuum through vacuum multi-station ingot casting, oxidation is prevented, and continuous discharging of the high-purity calcium is realized under the condition of not influencing vacuum distillation.
According to the scheme of the invention, the distance of the high-melting-point metal flowing out of the furnace body is shortened through vacuum ingot casting, the difficulty of auxiliary heating of the pipeline is reduced, and the risk of pipeline blockage is reduced.
According to one scheme of the invention, the utilization rate of heat energy is more than 95%, the lost heat is mainly the latent heat of fusion dissipated by solidification of high-purity calcium and the specific heat dissipated by cooling, and other heat can be fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically shows a structural view of a vacuum calcium distillation furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a block diagram of an evaporation tray according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 schematically shows a top view of an evaporation tray according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 schematically shows a block diagram of a mold unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a calcium-depleted molten metal transporting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the associated drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description only, and does not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, the above-described terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a vacuum distillation apparatus for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag according to the present invention includes: a vacuum calcium distilling furnace 11, and a heating furnace base 12 for installing the vacuum calcium distilling furnace 11. In this embodiment, a part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is covered with the cooling device 13, and the rest of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is located in the heating furnace base 12. In the present embodiment, the cooling device 13 is located above the heating furnace base 12.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is provided with a feed pipe 111 for continuous feeding and a fine calcium discharge pipe 112 for continuous discharging. In the present embodiment, the feeding pipe 111 communicates with the portion of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 located in the heating furnace base 12; the fine calcium discharge pipe 112 is communicated with the part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 covered with the cooling device 13.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of evaporation trays 113 are provided in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11; in this embodiment, the evaporation tray 113 is an annular tray. In the present embodiment, the evaporation tray 113 functions to heat and evaporate the material on the tray by taking heat from the wall of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the evaporation tray 113 includes: a ring-shaped disk 1131, a ring-shaped inner peripheral edge 1132 provided at an inner ring edge of the ring-shaped disk 1131, a ring-shaped outer peripheral edge 1133 provided at an outer ring edge of the ring-shaped disk 1131, and an overflow 1134 provided on the ring-shaped disk 1131. In this embodiment, the annular peripheral edge 1133 is connected to the inner wall of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 to allow the temperature on the furnace wall to be conducted to the evaporation tray 113 for evaporation.
In the present embodiment, annular disk 1131, annular inner peripheral edge 1132 and annular outer peripheral edge 1133 constitute annular liquid storage groove 113 a. The liquid in the upper layer is collected and heated after falling into the annular liquid sump 113a to effect the evaporation process.
In this embodiment, the annular disk 1131 is provided with liquid outlet holes 1135 penetrating through its body; the overflow pieces 1134 are arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet holes 1135.
In this embodiment, the overflow 1134 includes: first connecting plate 1134a, second connecting plate 1134 b; the second connecting plate 1134b is perpendicular to the first connecting plate 1134 a. In this embodiment, the first connecting plate 1134a is disposed on the annular disk 1131 in parallel with the annular disk 1131, and the overflow holes 1134c of the first connecting plate 1134a are disposed corresponding to the liquid outlet holes 1135.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, opposite ends of the first connecting plate 1134a are connected to the annular inner peripheral edge 1132 and the annular outer peripheral edge 1133, respectively, in a radial direction of the annular disk body 1131; opposite ends of the second connecting plate 1134b are connected to an annular inner peripheral edge 1132 and an annular outer peripheral edge 1133, respectively, in the radial direction of the annular disk body 1131. In this embodiment, the first connecting plate 1134a and the second connecting plate 1134b form an L-shaped structure, and the height of the second connecting plate 1134b is lower than the depth of the annular liquid storage groove 113a (i.e. the upper end of the second connecting plate 1134b does not exceed the annular inner peripheral edge 1132 and the annular outer peripheral edge 1133.
With the above-described arrangement of the evaporation pan, the annular liquid storage 113a is divided by the overflow 1134, wherein the liquid in the annular liquid storage 113a can be retained for a longer time under the influence of the thickness of the first connecting plate 1134a and the height of the second connecting plate 1134b, so as to achieve a sufficient evaporation process. Meanwhile, under the influence of the thickness of the first connecting plate 1134a and the influence of the height of the second connecting plate 1134b, the flowing speed of liquid in the upper evaporation tray to the lower evaporation tray can be controlled, so that the liquid in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is efficiently evaporated, and the storage at the bottom of the furnace is reduced.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of evaporation trays 113 in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 are arranged in parallel with each other in the vertical direction, and the liquid outlet holes 1135 on the adjacent evaporation trays 113 are arranged in a staggered manner.
Through the arrangement, the position of the liquid flowing down from the upper layer can have a certain distance with the liquid outlet holes 1135 of the lower layer evaporation tray 113, so that the liquid can be fully heated and evaporated on the lower layer evaporation tray, and the evaporation efficiency of the invention is ensured.
In the present embodiment, the evaporation tray 113 is provided with 7 layers. The evaporation tray 113 ensures the long service life of the vacuum distillation device, and the heat utilization rate of the temperature field is easier to control, thereby achieving the advantage of high heat utilization rate.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 has a hollow structure formed by connecting a middle cylinder, an upper head and a lower head, wherein the middle cylinder is welded to the upper head and the lower head, respectively.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness of the middle cylinder of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 satisfies the following equation:
wherein S is0Denotes the wall thickness (mm), D, of the middle cylinderBThe inner diameter (mm) of the middle cylinder is shown, P is the external pressure design pressure (MPa), and P is 0.1MPa and E is selected as the vacuum containertWhich represents the modulus of elasticity (MPa) at the temperature of the material t deg.c (here 1000 deg.c, 2000MPa), and L represents the calculated length of the middle cylinder (mm).
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a collecting tray 115 for collecting condensate is further provided in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11. In this embodiment, the collection tray 115 is an annular tray, and a continuous rim 1151 is provided vertically on the inner circumferential edge of the collection tray 115.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a collecting tray 115 is located below a position where a refined calcium discharging pipe 112 is connected to a vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11; the location where the feed pipe 111 is connected to the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is below the collection tray 115 and above the evaporation tray 113.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is further provided with a bottom tapping pipe 116.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling device 13 is a cover having a regular shape. In the present embodiment, a receiving chamber for receiving a cooling medium is formed between the cooling device 13 and the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11. In the present embodiment, the cooling device 13 is disposed at the upper part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11, a cooling medium such as cooling water can be filled between the cooling device and the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11, and calcium vapor generated in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is cooled at the upper part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 and converted into liquid, which is collected and output by the collecting tray 115. The cooling medium between the cooling device 13 and the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 can radiate the absorbed heat to the outside, and certainly, in order to increase the heat radiation speed, the flowing cooling medium can also be adopted to perform circulating heat exchange on the cooling medium between the cooling device 13 and the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11.
Through the arrangement, the vacuum distillation device can meet the capacity that refined calcium is more than 3 tons/day, and the production of high-yield and high-purity refined calcium is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heating furnace base 12 is heated by using regenerative burners, in which a mixer of air and natural gas preheated to 300 ℃ is used as fuel. In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas generated after combustion is introduced into a flue laid by refractory bricks, and a cooling water exchange pipe is arranged in the flue.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the forming apparatus using the vacuum distillation apparatus for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a vacuum distillation device 1, a raw material melting furnace 2, a feeding holding furnace 3, a refined calcium ingot casting device 4 and a poor calcium melt transfer device 5. In the embodiment, the raw material melting furnace 2 is connected with the feeding holding furnace 3, the feeding holding furnace 3 is connected with the vacuum distillation device 1, and the vacuum distillation device 1 is respectively connected with the refined calcium ingot casting device 4 and the calcium-poor molten liquid transfer device 5. In this embodiment, the raw material melting furnace 2 is provided with a heat insulating cover to prevent heat loss, thereby effectively saving energy.
As shown in FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the feed holding furnace 3 is communicated with the feed pipe 111 of the vacuum distillation apparatus 1; the refined calcium ingot casting device 4 is communicated with a refined calcium discharge pipe 112 of the vacuum distillation device 1; the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer device 5 is communicated with a furnace bottom discharge pipe 116 of the vacuum distillation device 1. In the present embodiment, the feeding holding furnace 3, the fine calcium ingot casting device 4 and the low calcium molten metal transfer device 5 are all arranged at positions lower than the vacuum distillation device 1 in the vertical direction.
Through the arrangement, the vacuum distillation device 1 is arranged above the feeding holding furnace 3, and the feeding of the materials from bottom to top is realized through the siphon effect of the connecting feeding pipe 111. In this embodiment, in order to ensure normal feeding of the feeding pipe 111, an internal heating mode (i.e., a small blind pipe is arranged in the pipeline, a heating rod is arranged in the blind pipe, and heat is dissipated from the center to the periphery, so that the internal temperature in the pipeline is higher than the melting point of the fluid to ensure smooth circulation of the fluid) is adopted to ensure that the temperature of the feeding pipe 111 is controlled within a reasonable range, thereby ensuring normal conveying of the material.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a raw material melting furnace 2 is disposed at a position higher than a position of a feed material holding furnace 3 in a vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the bottom of the raw material melting furnace 2 is provided with at least one material delivery pipe 21. In the present embodiment, the raw material melting furnace 2 is connected to the feed holding furnace 3 through a material delivery pipe 21. Through the above setting, with raw materials melting furnace 2 setting in the top of feeding heat preservation stove 3, effectively guaranteed that the liquid raw materials in raw materials melting furnace 2 can be by smooth effectual delivering to feeding heat preservation stove 3 in, defeated material convenient and fast, it is easily controlled.
In the embodiment, a material conveying switch valve for controlling the on-off of the material output pipe 21 is arranged on the raw material melting furnace 2, and is used for ensuring that the material can be quantitatively conveyed downstream so as to ensure that the downstream equipment can normally operate.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the feed holding furnace 3 includes: a hollow heat-insulating furnace body 31. In the present embodiment, the hollow holding furnace body 31 has a material supplementing chamber 32 and a material sucking chamber 33 therein, and an overflow device 34 corresponding to the material supplementing chamber 32. In this embodiment, the material output pipe 21 is disposed corresponding to the feeding chamber 32. The feeding pipe 111 is arranged corresponding to the material sucking cavity 33; in this embodiment, the feeding lumen 32 is at least one, i.e., it can be one or more (e.g., two, three, etc.). In this embodiment, when the feeding chamber 32 is provided in plural, the material output pipes 21 are also provided in equal number to ensure one-to-one correspondence. In this embodiment, two feeding cavities 32 are provided, one suction cavity 33 is provided, the three cavities are mutually independent and arranged in a shape like a Chinese character pin, an overflow port corresponding to the suction cavity 33 is provided at the top edge port of one side of the feeding cavity 32 close to the suction cavity 33, and when the feeding cavity 32 feeds the material to the suction cavity 33 at a constant speed through the overflow port under the action of the overflow device 34.
As shown in fig. 1, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the overflow device 34 includes: the driving unit 341, the lifting unit 342 connected to the driving unit 341, and the control unit connected to the driving unit 341. In this embodiment, the control unit is configured to control the driving unit 341 to drive the lifting unit 342 to reciprocate relative to the feeding chamber 32. In the present embodiment, the control unit is formed by a PLC, in the present embodiment, the lifting unit 342 includes a lifting device and a drain tank, and the driving unit 341 may be a motor. In this embodiment, the control unit controls the start and stop of the driving unit 341, and after the speed of the driving unit 341 is adjusted by the frequency converter, the lifting device (e.g., a screw rod lifting mechanism) drives the liquid discharging barrel to perform lifting motion (e.g., uniform descending), and the uniform descending liquid discharging barrel realizes a uniform feeding process in which liquid in the feeding cavity 32 overflows from the overflow port at a uniform speed, thereby realizing a stable pressure state and a distillation state of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a fine calcium ingot casting apparatus 4 includes: a vacuum ingot casting chamber 41, a fine calcium heat preservation ingot casting furnace 42 arranged in the vacuum ingot casting chamber 41, and a mould unit 43 positioned outside the vacuum ingot casting chamber 41. In the present embodiment, the vacuum casting chamber 41 is provided with a first valve structure 411 for connection with the mold unit 43; the fine calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace 42 is used for receiving output materials of the fine calcium discharge pipe 112 and transferring the output materials to the mold unit 43.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the mold unit 43 includes: an endless track 431, a plurality of molds 432 provided on the endless track 431, a mold driving device 433 for driving the molds 432 to move on the endless track 431, and a lifting support 434. In this embodiment, the poppet support 434 is disposed opposite the first valve structure 411; the annular track 431 is located between the poppet support 434 and the first valve structure 411. In the present embodiment, the circular rail 431 is a rectangular circular rail, and the mold 432 on the circular rail can be moved by the mold driving device 433 to realize the circular movement of the mold. In this embodiment, a plurality of mold driving devices 433 are provided, and the mold driving devices 433 may be provided at the start positions of each side of the circular track based on the traveling direction of the molds 432 on the circular track, so as to sequentially move the molds on the entire circular track. In the present embodiment, the die driving device 433 is a hydraulic driving device. In the present embodiment, the elevating support 434 is a hydraulic elevating support.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a calcium-depleted molten metal transporting apparatus 5 includes: a calcium-deficient molten liquid transfer chamber 51, a calcium-deficient heat-preserving ingot furnace 52 arranged in the calcium-deficient molten liquid transfer chamber 51, and a calcium-deficient molten liquid transfer mold unit 53. In the present embodiment, the calcium-depleted holding furnace 52 is configured to receive an output material of the furnace bottom tapping pipe 116 and transfer the output material to the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer mold unit 53.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the calcium-depleted molten metal transporting mold unit 53 includes: a mold transition cavity 531, a transition rail 532 laid in the mold transition cavity 531, and a melt transfer mold 533 disposed on the transition rail 532. In the present embodiment, the mold transition cavity 531 includes: a first chamber 5311, a second chamber 5312 and a third chamber 5313 arranged in this order. A first gate valve 531a is arranged between the first chamber 5311 and the second chamber 5312, and a first sealing door 531b is arranged at one end of the first chamber 5311 far away from the second chamber 5312; a second gate valve 531c is disposed between the second chamber 5312 and the third chamber 5313, and a second sealing door 531d is disposed at an end of the third chamber 5313 away from the second chamber 5312.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a mold pushing device 5311a for driving the melt transfer mold 533 to move is disposed in the first chamber 5311.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second chamber 5312 is located inside the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer chamber 51, and the first chamber 5311 and the third chamber 5313 are located outside the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer chamber 51; the second chamber 5312 is also provided with a third gate valve 5312a for communicating with the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer chamber 51.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a production method using the aforementioned molding apparatus of the present invention includes:
s1, adding raw materials into a raw material melting furnace 2, and adding a molten salt covering agent for covering the raw materials into the raw material melting furnace 2;
s2, feeding the melted raw materials to a feeding holding furnace 3;
s3, quantitatively conveying the melted raw materials to the vacuum distillation device 1 by the feeding heat preservation furnace 3;
and S4, condensing calcium steam generated by the raw material in the vacuum distillation device 1 into a calcium solution, then sending the calcium solution to the refined calcium ingot casting device 4 through the refined calcium discharge pipe 112, and carrying out ingot casting and forming.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the production method of the invention further comprises:
s5, the poor calcium copper alloy solution generated in the vacuum distillation device 1 is sent to the poor calcium molten liquid transfer device 5 through the furnace bottom discharge pipe 116 and transferred to the electrolysis process through the poor calcium molten liquid transfer device 5.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the raw material is an electrolyzed Cu-Ca-rich alloy with a Ca content of 65%, a Cu content of 35%, and a density of 2.18t/m3。
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the feed holding furnace 3 is filled with an inert shielding gas, and the pressure in the feed holding furnace 3 is equal to the atmospheric pressure. In this embodiment, argon gas may be used as the inert shielding gas.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the feed-holding furnace 3 quantitatively feeds the melted raw material to the vacuum distillation apparatus 1 through the feed pipe 111; wherein the temperature of the feeding pipe 111 is kept between 600 and 650 ℃. In this embodiment, the feeding pipe 111 is internally heated to keep its temperature constant.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the temperature of the fine calcium discharge pipe 112 is maintained at 850 to 880 ℃. In this embodiment, the fine calcium discharge pipe 112 is internally heated to keep the temperature constant.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the temperature of the fine calcium holding furnace 42 in the fine calcium ingot casting device 4 is maintained at 850 ℃ to 880 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is 4000 to 8000Pa in step S4. The furnace wall temperature of the vacuum calcium distilling furnace 11 was 1200 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1, according to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the vacuum calcium distillation furnace 11 is initially operated to increase the temperature from low to high, each temperature increase gradient being 50 ℃. The accuracy of temperature control is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of feeding the calcium solution to the refined calcium ingot casting device 4 and forming an ingot in step S4 includes:
s41, driving the dies 432 to move along the circular track 431 such that one of the dies 432 is aligned with the first valve structure 411;
s42, the lifting support 434 lifts the mold 432 upwards, so that the mold 432 is abutted against the first valve structure 411;
s43, carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the mold 432 and the first valve structure 411; in this embodiment, the degree of vacuum is set to 10Pa or less. In this embodiment, since the vacuum casting chamber 41 is a vacuum environment, the environment at the connection position of the mold needs to be evacuated to ensure the consistency of the internal and external environments, so as to achieve the beneficial effect of ensuring the product quality. In this embodiment, the first valve structure 411 may be configured as a chamber structure with a gate to realize the butt connection with the mold, so as to ensure the sealing property and benefit the vacuum pumping operation.
S44, opening the first valve structure 411, and pouring a calcium solution into the mold 432 by the fine calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace 42; in this embodiment, one end of the bottom of the fine calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace 42 is hinged to the vacuum ingot chamber 41, the other end is hinged to the telescopic device, and the tilting function of the fine calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace 42 is realized through the action of the telescopic device. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the fine calcium holding ingot furnace 42 is maintained at 850 ℃.
S45, after waiting for the preset interval, closing the first valve structure 411 to enable the mold 432 and the first valve structure 411 to recover to atmospheric pressure; in the present embodiment, the pouring operation of the fine calcium holding ingot furnace 42 causes the calcium solution to be poured into the fine calcium solution transferring mold. After casting, wait 20 minutes. The first valve structure 411 is closed. Then, the space between the mold 432 and the first gate structure 411 is returned to the atmospheric state to achieve the same atmospheric pressure as the outside.
S46, the elevating support 434 is moved downward so that the mold 432 is separated from the first valve structure 411, and steps S41 to S45 are cyclically performed. In this embodiment, the mold 432 is replaced on the circular track, the next mold is sent under the first valve structure 411 for ingot casting by the mold driving device 433, and the mold with the material is moved on the circular track to the next station for further cooling.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the step of transferring the calcium-depleted copper alloy solution to the calcium-depleted melt transfer device 5 through the furnace bottom tapping pipe 116 and transferring the calcium-depleted copper alloy solution to the electrolysis process through the calcium-depleted melt transfer device 5 includes:
s51, opening a first sealing door 531b of a first cavity 5311 in the mold transition cavity 531, and pushing the melt transfer mold 533 into the first cavity 5311 along the transition track 532;
s52, closing the first sealing door 531b, and vacuumizing the first cavity 5311;
s53, opening the first gate valve 531a, and pushing the melt transfer mold 533 into the second chamber 5312;
s54, opening a third gate valve 5312a, and pouring the poor calcium copper alloy solution into the melt transfer mold 533 by the poor calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace 52; in the present embodiment, the calcium content in the calcium-copper alloy solution is 40%, and the copper content is 60%. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the calcium-deficient heat-retaining ingot furnace 52 is set at 800 ℃.
S55, closing the third gate valve 5312a, opening the second gate valve 531c, and pushing the melt transfer mold 533 into the third chamber 5313;
s56, closing the second gate valve 531c, and filling air into the third chamber 5313 and restoring to normal pressure;
s57, opening the second sealing door 531d to take out the molten liquid transferring mold 533.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, step S5 further includes:
s58. close the second sealing door 531d and evacuate the third chamber 5313.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of particular aspects of the present invention and devices and structures not specifically described herein are understood to be those of ordinary skill in the art and are intended to be implemented in such conventional ways.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A vacuum distillation apparatus for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag, comprising: a vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11), and a heating furnace base (12) for installing the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11);
a cooling device (13) is covered on part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11), and the rest part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) is positioned in the heating furnace seat (12);
the cooling device (13) is positioned above the heating furnace base (12).
2. The vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) is provided with a feed pipe (111) and a fine calcium discharge pipe (112);
the feeding pipe (111) is communicated with the part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) positioned in the heating furnace base (12);
the refined calcium discharge pipe (112) is communicated with the part of the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) covered with the cooling device (13);
a plurality of evaporation trays (113) are arranged in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11);
the evaporation trays (113) are all annular trays.
3. The vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the evaporation tray (113) comprises: the device comprises a ring-shaped disc body (1131), a ring-shaped inner peripheral edge (1132) arranged at the inner ring edge of the ring-shaped disc body (1131), a ring-shaped outer peripheral edge (1133) arranged at the outer ring edge of the ring-shaped disc body (1131), and an overflow piece (1134) arranged on the ring-shaped disc body (1131);
the annular disc body (1131), the annular inner peripheral edge (1132) and the annular outer peripheral edge (1133) form an annular liquid storage groove (113 a);
the annular disc body (1131) is provided with a liquid outlet hole (1135) penetrating through the body of the annular disc body;
the overflow piece (1134) is arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet hole (1135);
the overflow (1134) comprises: a first connecting plate (1134a), a second connecting plate (1134 b);
the second connecting plate (1134b) is arranged perpendicular to the first connecting plate (1134 a);
the first connecting plate (1134a) and the annular disc body (1131) are arranged on the annular disc body (1131) in parallel, and overflow holes (1134c) on the first connecting plate (1134a) are arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet holes (1135);
along the radial direction of the annular disc body (1131), two opposite ends of the first connecting plate (1134a) are respectively connected with the annular inner peripheral edge (1132) and the annular outer peripheral edge (1133);
along the radial direction of the annular disc body (1131), two opposite ends of the second connecting plate (1134b) are respectively connected with the annular inner peripheral edge (1132) and the annular outer peripheral edge (1133);
the height of the second connecting plate (1134b) is lower than the depth of the annular liquid storage groove (113 a);
a plurality of evaporation trays (113) in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and the liquid outlet holes (1135) on the adjacent evaporation trays (113) are arranged in a staggered mode.
4. The vacuum distillation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a collecting tray (115) for collecting condensate is further provided in the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11);
the collecting tray (115) is an annular tray, and a continuous flange (1151) is vertically arranged on the edge of the inner ring of the collecting tray (115);
the collecting tray (115) is positioned below the position where the refined calcium discharging pipe (112) is connected with the vacuum calcium distilling furnace (11);
the position of the feeding pipe (111) connected with the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) is positioned below the collecting tray (115) and above the evaporation tray (113);
the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11) is also provided with a furnace bottom discharge pipe (116).
5. A vacuum distillation apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cooling means (13) is a hood having a regular shape;
a containing cavity for containing a cooling medium is formed between the cooling device (13) and the vacuum calcium distillation furnace (11).
6. A forming apparatus using the vacuum distillation apparatus for extracting calcium metal from carbide slag according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: the device comprises a vacuum distillation device (1), a raw material melting furnace (2), a feeding heat preservation furnace (3), a refined calcium ingot casting device (4) and a poor calcium melt transfer device (5);
the raw material melting furnace (2) is connected with the feeding heat-preserving furnace (3), the feeding heat-preserving furnace (3) is connected with the vacuum distillation device (1), and the vacuum distillation device (1) is respectively connected with the fine calcium ingot casting device (4) and the poor calcium melt transfer device (5).
7. The molding apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the feed holding furnace (3) communicates with a feed pipe (111) of the vacuum distillation apparatus (1);
the refined calcium ingot casting device (4) is communicated with a refined calcium discharge pipe (112) of the vacuum distillation device (1);
the calcium-poor molten liquid transfer device (5) is communicated with a furnace bottom discharge pipe (116) of the vacuum distillation device (1);
in the vertical direction, the arrangement positions of the feeding holding furnace (3), the fine calcium ingot casting device (4) and the low calcium melt transfer device (5) are all lower than the position of the vacuum distillation device (1);
the arrangement position of the raw material melting furnace (2) is higher than that of the feeding holding furnace (3) along the vertical direction;
the bottom of the raw material melting furnace (2) is provided with at least one material output pipe (21);
the raw material melting furnace (2) is connected with the feeding heat preservation furnace (3) through the material output pipe (21);
the feed holding furnace (3) comprises: a hollow heat-insulating furnace body (31);
the hollow heat-preserving furnace body (31) is internally provided with a material supplementing cavity (32) and a material sucking cavity (33) so as to form an overflow device (34) corresponding to the material supplementing cavity (32);
the material output pipe (21) is arranged corresponding to the material supplementing cavity (32).
The feeding pipe (111) is arranged corresponding to the material suction cavity (33);
at least one feeding cavity (32);
the overflow device (34) comprises: a driving unit (341), a lifting unit (342) connected to the driving unit (341), and a control unit connected to the driving unit (341);
the control unit is used for controlling the driving unit (341) to drive the lifting unit (342) to reciprocate relative to the material supplementing cavity (32).
8. The forming apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the fine calcium ingot casting apparatus (4) comprises: the device comprises a vacuum ingot casting chamber (41), a fine calcium heat preservation ingot casting furnace (42) arranged in the vacuum ingot casting chamber (41), and a mould unit (43) positioned outside the vacuum ingot casting chamber (41);
the vacuum ingot casting chamber (41) is provided with a first valve structure (411) used for being connected with the mould unit (43);
the refined calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace (42) is used for receiving the output material of the refined calcium discharge pipe (112) and transferring the output material to the mould unit (43);
the mold unit (43) includes: an endless track (431), a plurality of molds (432) provided on the endless track (431), a mold driving device (433) for driving the molds (432) to move on the endless track (431), and a lifting support (434);
said lifting support (434) being disposed opposite said first valve structure (411);
the annular track (431) is located between the lifting support (434) and the first valve structure (411);
the calcium-depleted melt transfer device (5) comprises: the device comprises a low-calcium molten liquid transfer chamber (51), a low-calcium holding furnace (52) arranged in the low-calcium molten liquid transfer chamber (51), and a low-calcium molten liquid transfer die unit (53);
the low-calcium holding furnace (52) is used for receiving output materials of a furnace bottom discharge pipe (116) and transferring the output materials to the low-calcium molten liquid transferring mould unit (53);
the calcium-depleted melt transfer die unit (53) includes: the mould comprises a mould transition cavity (531), a transition track (532) paved in the mould transition cavity (531), and a melt transfer mould (533) arranged on the transition track (532);
the mold transition cavity (531) comprises: a first chamber (5311), a second chamber (5312) and a third chamber (5313) arranged in sequence;
a first gate valve (531a) is arranged between the first cavity (5311) and the second cavity (5312), and a first sealing door (531b) is arranged at one end, far away from the second cavity (5312), of the first cavity (5311);
a second gate valve (531c) is arranged between the second chamber (5312) and the third chamber (5313), and a second sealing door (531d) is arranged at one end, far away from the second chamber (5312), of the third chamber (5313);
a mould pushing device (5311a) for driving the melt transfer mould (533) to move is arranged in the first chamber (5311);
the second chamber (5312) is located in the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer chamber (51), and the first chamber (5311) and the third chamber (5313) are located outside the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer chamber (51);
the second chamber (5312) is also provided with a third gate valve (5312a) for communicating with the calcium-depleted molten metal transfer chamber (51).
9. A production method using the molding apparatus of any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising:
s1, adding raw materials into a raw material melting furnace (2), and adding a molten salt covering agent for covering the raw materials into the raw material melting furnace (2);
s2, sending the melted raw materials to the feeding holding furnace (3);
s3, quantitatively conveying the melted raw materials to the vacuum distillation device (1) by the feeding heat preservation furnace (3);
and S4, condensing calcium steam generated by the raw material in the vacuum distillation device (1) into a calcium solution, then sending the calcium solution to the refined calcium ingot casting device (4) through a refined calcium discharge pipe (112), and carrying out ingot casting and forming.
10. The production method according to claim 9, further comprising:
s5, the poor calcium copper alloy solution generated in the vacuum distillation device (1) is sent to a poor calcium melt transfer device (5) through a furnace bottom discharge pipe (116) and transferred to an electrolysis process through the poor calcium melt transfer device (5).
11. The production method according to claim 10, wherein in step S1, the raw material is an electrolyzed copper-calcium-rich alloy having a calcium content of 65%, a copper content of 35%, and a density of 2.18t/m3。
In step S2, inert shielding gas is filled in the feeding holding furnace (3), and the air pressure in the feeding holding furnace (3) is the same as the atmospheric pressure;
in step S3, the feeding holding furnace (3) quantitatively feeds the melted raw material to the vacuum distillation apparatus (1) through a feeding pipe (111); wherein the temperature of the feeding pipe (111) is kept between 600 and 650 ℃;
in the step S4, the temperature of the fine calcium discharge pipe (112) is kept at 850-880 ℃;
in the step S4, the temperature of a refined calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace (42) in the refined calcium ingot casting device (4) is kept between 850 ℃ and 880 ℃;
in step S4, the step of feeding the calcium solution to a refined calcium ingot casting device (4) and forming an ingot includes:
s41, driving the moulds (432) to move along the annular track (431) so that one of the moulds (432) is aligned with the first valve structure (411);
s42, lifting and supporting (434) upwards jacking the mold (432) to enable the mold (432) to be in contact with the first valve structure (411);
s43, carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the mold (432) and the first valve structure (411);
s44, opening the first valve structure (411), and pouring a calcium solution into the mold (432) by using a fine calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace (42);
s45, after waiting for a preset interval, closing the first valve structure (411) to enable the mold (432) and the first valve structure (411) to recover to atmospheric pressure;
s46, the lifting support (434) moves downwards to separate the mould (432) from the first valve structure (411), and steps S41 to S45 are executed in a circulating manner;
in step S5, the step of transferring the calcium-deficient copper alloy solution to the calcium-deficient molten metal transfer device (5) through the furnace bottom discharge pipe (116) and transferring the calcium-deficient copper alloy solution to the electrolysis process through the calcium-deficient molten metal transfer device (5) includes:
s51, opening a first sealing door (531b) of a first cavity (5311) in the mold transition cavity (531), and pushing the melt transfer mold (533) into the first cavity (5311) along the transition track (532);
s52, closing the first sealing door (531b), and vacuumizing the first cavity (5311);
s53, opening a first gate valve (531a), and pushing the molten liquid transferring mold (533) into a second chamber (5312);
s54, opening a third gate valve (5312a), and pouring the poor-calcium copper alloy solution into the melt transfer mold (533) by the poor-calcium heat-preservation ingot furnace (52);
s55, closing the third gate valve (5312a), opening a second gate valve (531c), and pushing the molten liquid transferring mold (533) into a third chamber (5313);
s56, closing the second gate valve (531c), and filling air into the third chamber (5313) and recovering to normal pressure;
s57, opening a second sealing door (531d) to take out the molten liquid transferring mold (533);
in step S5, the method further includes:
s58, closing the second sealing door (531d) and vacuumizing the third chamber (5313).
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| CN117778757A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 长治县金世恒合金科技有限公司 | Metal calcium reduction device |
| CN117778757B (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-05-14 | 长治县金世恒合金科技有限公司 | Metal calcium reduction device |
| CN118253102A (en) * | 2024-05-29 | 2024-06-28 | 淄博市特种设备检验研究院 | Modular distillation furnace equipment |
| CN118253102B (en) * | 2024-05-29 | 2024-09-03 | 淄博市特种设备检验研究院 | Modular distillation furnace equipment |
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