CN113263816A - 一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层，其中，防刮层由抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂组成；防爆层由聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂组成；防静电层由聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂80‑85％、抗静电聚酯树脂15‑20％；离型层由含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂组成；本发明提供的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，通过多层共挤、双向拉伸技术制备，不仅具有抗静电、耐磨、耐污、耐高温、抗老化等性能，而且具有防刮、防爆、隔热、防紫外线等功效，可满足当前汽车、电子、装饰等行业使用要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及离型膜技术领域，具体涉及一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
防爆复合离型膜是一种粘贴在汽车玻璃、装饰玻璃或电容屏玻璃上的高分子薄膜材料，当与汽车玻璃、装饰玻璃和手机电容屏玻璃粘贴后，能够有效缓冲撞击，防止爆裂破碎引起玻璃飞散，减少隐性伤害，从而保障用户和周围物体安全。
目前国内市场上的防爆离型膜主要采用单层结构的聚酯或聚烯烃类高分子薄膜为基膜，通过多层涂布或多层贴合的方式生产，在防爆、隔热和防紫外线等方面性能均较差。
近年来随着汽车、电子、装饰等行业的发展，防爆离型膜市场需求得到了快速增长。与此同时防爆离型膜新的产品与技术也相应得到开发，并引起了国内相关行业的关注。
中国专利数据库中公开了一种手机背壳防爆离型膜的发明专利技术，该专利的申请号：201811563757.6；申请日：2018年12月20日；公开号：CN111349262A；公开日：2020年6月30日；该发明的手机背壳防爆离型膜通过在PET基膜上依次用刮刀涂布上硅胶涂层、防静电涂层、防爆层和防刮伤膜层，并在各涂层之间通过粘结剂粘合，最后通过干燥后贴合离型膜层制得成品。通过上述方法制备的手机背壳防爆离型膜成品具有一定的抗拉强度、断裂强度和防爆性能，但同时存在以下不足：首先该发明的防爆离型膜采用多层涂覆粘合工艺制备，不仅生产工序复杂，加工难度大，而且生产成本高，产品质量难以控制；此外，上述手机背壳防爆离型膜所采用的硅胶涂层，存在不耐磨、离型力不稳定、易出现晶点、彩虹、花斑及线条等现象，因此难以满足国内汽车、电子、装饰等行业使用要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜及其制备方法，有效解决背景技术中所提出的问题，以满足当前汽车、电子、装饰等行业使用要求。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层，其中，防刮层由抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂70-80％、防紫外线聚酯树脂5-10％、聚碳酸酯树脂15-20％；防爆层由聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂70-80％、改性聚酯树脂5-10％、增韧弹性体树脂15-20％；防静电层由聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂80-85％、抗静电聚酯树脂15-20％；离型层由含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：含氟聚酯树脂60-80％；改性聚酯树脂20-40％。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，通过多层共挤方式、双向拉伸技术制备，总厚度为80-200微米。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜中，防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层厚度比例为3：3：1：1。
作为优化的，本发明中所述的聚酯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯树脂、聚芳酯树脂或共聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
作为优化的，本发明中所述的抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂为含多晶金刚石烧结体微纳材料的聚酯树脂。
作为优化的，本发明中所述的防紫外线聚酯树脂为含邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯防紫外剂的聚酯树脂或含2-(2ˊ-羟基-5ˊ-甲基苯基)苯并三氮唑的聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
作为优化的，本发明中所述的增韧弹性体树脂为含丁腈橡胶的聚酯树脂或含氟橡胶的聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
作为优化的，本发明中所述的含氟聚酯树脂为全氟烷氧基树脂、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、聚氯三氟乙烯、聚六氟丙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯或乙烯一氯三氟乙烯共聚合物中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
作为优化的，本发明中所述的改性聚酯树脂为含纳米二氧化铈/纳米蒙脱土粉体的聚酯树脂或含纳米氟稀土/纳米氧化铝粉体的聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
本发明中所述的一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1)制备防刮层混合料：将抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得防刮层混合料。
步骤2)制备防爆层混合料：将聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得防爆层用料。
步骤3)制备防静电层混合料：将聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得防静电层用料。
步骤4)离型层混合料制备：将含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得离型层混合料。
步骤5)制备抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜：将制备的上述防刮层混合料、防爆层混合料、防静电层混合料和离型层混合料分别加入不同双螺杆挤出机中，通过熔融共挤、双向拉伸、收卷等工序制得包括防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层四层结构的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜成品，其中，所述防刮层厚度为30-42微米、防爆层厚度为30-42微米、防静电层厚度为10-14微米和离型层厚度为10-14微米。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提供的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，通过选用抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂、含氟聚酯树脂、含增韧弹性体的树脂、含二氧化铈的改性聚酯树脂和防紫外线聚酯树脂等特殊高分子材料制备，极大改善了离型膜的耐磨、耐污、耐高温、抗老化和等性能。本发明提供的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜通过多层共挤方式制备，制品表面无需涂布任何有机硅离型剂，有效解决了常规防爆离型膜耐迁移性差、离型力不稳定、易出现晶点、彩虹、花斑及线条等问题。此外，本发明提供的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，通过设计防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层组成结构，使制品能够实现防刮、防爆、抗紫外和隔热等功能，并能够满足当前汽车、电子、装饰等行业使用要求。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜的结构示意图。
图中，1-防刮层、2-防爆层、3-防静电层、4-离型层。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，下面结合实施方式作更进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层1、防爆层2、防静电层3和离型层4，其中，防刮层1由聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂70％、防紫外线聚酯树脂10％、聚碳酸酯树脂20％；防爆层2由聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂70％、增韧弹性体树脂30％；防静电层3由聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂80％、抗静电聚酯树脂20％；离型层4由含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：含氟聚酯树脂60％、改性聚酯树脂40％。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜为四层结构，采用多层共挤方式、双向拉伸技术制备，总厚度为80微米。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜中，防刮层1、防爆层2、防静电层3和离型层4厚度比例为3：3：1：1。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜制备方法如下：
1、防刮层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2小时，即得防刮层混合料。
2、防爆层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2小时，即得防爆层用料。
3、防静电层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2小时，即得防静电层用料。
4、离型层混合料的制备：将含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2小时，即得离型层混合料。
5、抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜的制备：将制备的上述防刮层混合料、防爆层混合料、防静电层混合料和离型层混合料分别加入不同双螺杆挤出机中，通过熔融共挤、双向拉伸、收卷等工序制得抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜成品；所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型四层结构，其中防刮层厚度为30微米、防爆层厚度为30微米、防静电层厚度为10微米、离型层厚度为10微米。
实施例2
一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层1、防爆层2、防静电层3和离型层4，其中，防刮层1由聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂75％、防紫外线聚酯树脂7％、聚碳酸酯树脂18％；防爆层2由聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂75％、增韧弹性体树脂25％；防静电层3由聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂85％、抗静电聚酯树脂15％；离型层4由含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：含氟聚酯树脂70％、改性聚酯树脂30％。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜为四层结构，采用多层共挤方式、双向拉伸技术制备，总厚度为120微米。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜中，防刮层1、防爆层2、防静电层3和离型层4厚度比例为3：3：1：1。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜制备方法如下：
1、防刮层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为3小时，即得防刮层混合料。
2、防爆层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为3小时，即得防爆层用料。
3、防静电层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为3小时，即得防静电层用料。
4、离型层混合料的制备：将含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为3小时，即得离型层混合料。
5、抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜的制备：将制备的上述防刮层混合料、防爆层混合料、防静电层混合料和离型层混合料分别加入不同双螺杆挤出机中，通过熔融共挤、双向拉伸、收卷等工序制得抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜成品；所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型四层结构，其中防刮层厚度为36微米、防爆层厚度为36微米、防静电层厚度为12微米、离型层厚度为12微米。
实施例3
一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层1、防爆层2、防静电层3和离型层4，其中，防刮层1由聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂80％、防紫外线聚酯树脂5％、聚碳酸酯树脂15％；防爆层2由聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂80％、增韧弹性体树脂20％；防静电层3由聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂85％、抗静电聚酯树脂15％；离型层4由含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：含氟聚酯树脂80％、改性聚酯树脂20％。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜为四层结构，采用多层共挤方式、双向拉伸技术制备，总厚度为180微米。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜中，防刮层1、防爆层2、防静电层3和离型层4厚度比例为3：3：1：1。
所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜制备方法如下：
1、防刮层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为4小时，即得防刮层混合料。
2、防爆层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为4小时，即得防爆层用料。
3、防静电层混合料的制备：将聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为4小时，即得防静电层用料。
4、离型层混合料的制备：将含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为4小时，即得离型层混合料。
5、抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜的制备：将制备的上述防刮层混合料、防爆层混合料、防静电层混合料和离型层混合料分别加入不同双螺杆挤出机中，通过熔融共挤、双向拉伸、收卷等工序制得抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜成品；所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型四层结构，其中防刮层厚度为42微米、防爆层厚度为42微米、防静电层厚度为14微米、离型层厚度为14微米。
上述实施例1-3制备获得的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜通过性能测试，结果如表1所示：
附表1：抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜与常规聚酯离型膜性能比较
在上述测试表中，所述的表面张力采用达因笔进行测试；拉伸强度和剥离力均采用国标GBT 25256-2010类似方法进行测试；所述的抗冲击性采用一个固定质量的重锤以不同高度自由地落于试样上的方法进行测试；所述的隔热和防紫外线性能测试则采用一般的导热率测试仪、防紫外线测试仪进行检测。
由上表可以看出，本发明提供的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，表面张力、拉伸强度和剥离力均满足使用要求，抗磨层硬度、紫外线阻隔率、隔热率均明显优于常规聚酯离型膜，尤其在45cm的高度下，试样显示出较好的抗冲击性能，未出现明显开裂现象。由此可见，本发明中提供的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜能够满足当前汽车、电子、装饰等行业使用要求，因此具有广阔的应用前景。
以上仅为本发明较佳的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的实施方式及保护范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均应当包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于，所述离型膜自上而下设置有防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层，其中，防刮层由抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂70-80％、防紫外线聚酯树脂5-10％、聚碳酸酯树脂15-20％；防爆层由聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂70-80％、改性聚酯树脂5-10％、增韧弹性体树脂15-20％；防静电层由聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：聚酯树脂80-85％、抗静电聚酯树脂15-20％；离型层由含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂组成，各组分的重量百分比为：含氟聚酯树脂60-80％；改性聚酯树脂20-40％；所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，通过多层共挤方式、双向拉伸技术制备，总厚度为80-200微米。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于，所述抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜中，防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层厚度比例为3：3：1：1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于，所述的聚酯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯树脂、聚芳酯树脂或共聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于：所述抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂为含多晶金刚石烧结体微纳材料的聚酯树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于：所述防紫外线聚酯树脂为含邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯防紫外剂的聚酯树脂或含2-(2ˊ-羟基-5ˊ-甲基苯基)苯并三氮唑的聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于：所述增韧弹性体树脂为含丁腈橡胶的聚酯树脂或含氟橡胶的聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于：所述含氟聚酯树脂为全氟烷氧基树脂、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、聚氯三氟乙烯、聚六氟丙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯或乙烯一氯三氟乙烯共聚合物中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜，其特征在于：所述改性聚酯树脂为含纳米二氧化铈/纳米蒙脱土粉体的聚酯树脂，或含纳米氟稀土/纳米氧化铝粉体的聚酯树脂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
9.一种如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜及其制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1)制备防刮层混合料：将抗刮耐磨聚酯树脂、防紫外线聚酯树脂和聚碳酸酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得防刮层混合料；
步骤2)制备防爆层混合料：将聚酯树脂、增韧弹性体树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得防爆层用料；
步骤3)制备防静电层混合料：将聚酯树脂、抗静电聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得防静电层用料；
步骤4)离型层混合料制备：将含氟聚酯树脂、改性聚酯树脂按各组分的重量百分比配制，并送入干燥釜中干燥和混合，烘干混合时间通常为2-4小时，即得离型层混合料；
步骤5)制备抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜：将制备的上述防刮层混合料、防爆层混合料、防静电层混合料和离型层混合料分别加入不同双螺杆挤出机中，通过熔融共挤、双向拉伸、收卷等工序制得包括防刮层、防爆层、防静电层和离型层四层结构的抗冲击防爆聚酯离型膜成品，其中，所述防刮层厚度为30-42微米、防爆层厚度为30-42微米、防静电层厚度为10-14微米和离型层厚度为10-14微米。
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