CN113263182B - Fixed-point acoustic cavitation forming method and equipment for inner cavity of metal liquid drop - Google Patents
Fixed-point acoustic cavitation forming method and equipment for inner cavity of metal liquid drop Download PDFInfo
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- CN113263182B CN113263182B CN202110550574.6A CN202110550574A CN113263182B CN 113263182 B CN113263182 B CN 113263182B CN 202110550574 A CN202110550574 A CN 202110550574A CN 113263182 B CN113263182 B CN 113263182B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to a fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding method for an inner cavity of a metal liquid drop, which comprises the steps of moving the metal liquid drop into acoustic cavitation molding equipment to generate a standing wave sound field, and suspending the metal liquid drop by the standing wave sound field; generating a cavitation sound field to process the metal liquid drop, wherein the cavitation sound field is focused inside the metal liquid drop, so that an inner cavity is generated due to an acoustic cavitation effect; the metal droplets are then cooled, fixing the shape. The method and the equipment realize the processing of the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop without contact and cutting, and the cooled metal liquid drop has no deformation and excellent molding effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, and particularly relates to a fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding method and equipment for an inner cavity of a metal liquid drop.
Background
Compared with other suspensions, the acoustic suspension has the technical requirements of no magnetic conduction, electric conduction, light transmission and the like, and has no limitation of solid and liquid states. Many expert scholars have conducted intensive research and application so far, but according to the current state of research and development trend of the domestic and foreign acoustic suspension control technology, acoustic suspension is mainly applied to non-contact transmission and control at present, and no related technology for performing internal processing by using acoustic suspension is available.
Therefore, the fixed-point acoustic cavitation forming method for the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop in the acoustic suspension field is needed, microcavities and microcavity arrays are formed in the liquid drop material by utilizing the characteristic of acoustic cavitation, and the liquid drop is controlled to be suspended in the acoustic suspension field for cooling forming by utilizing the characteristic of three-dimensional standing wave sound field, so that the purpose of processing the inner cavity of the non-contact metal liquid drop is achieved, the cooled metal liquid drop is not deformed, the forming effect is excellent, and a new way for manufacturing the inner cavity array of the material without cutting processing is opened up.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing drawbacks and deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a method and apparatus for fixed-point acoustic cavitation forming of metal droplet lumens that meets one or more of the aforementioned needs.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a metal liquid drop inner cavity fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding method comprises the following steps:
moving the metal liquid drops into acoustic cavitation forming equipment to generate a standing wave sound field, wherein the standing wave sound field enables the metal liquid drops to suspend;
generating a cavitation sound field to process the metal liquid drop, wherein the cavitation sound field is focused inside the metal liquid drop, so that an inner cavity is generated due to an acoustic cavitation effect;
the metal droplets are cooled and fixed in shape.
Preferably, the cavitation sound field is generated by a needle tip ultrasound transducer.
Preferably, the standing wave sound field is a spherical meshed standing wave sound field.
As a preferable scheme, the standing wave sound field and the cavitation sound field are adjusted during processing, so that the shape, size, number and position of the inner cavity are adjusted.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a metal droplet inner cavity fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding apparatus, including:
the standing wave sound field generator is used for generating a standing wave sound field, and the standing wave sound field is used for suspending the metal liquid drops;
and the cavitation sound field generator is used for generating a focused cavitation sound field inside the metal liquid drop so as to generate an inner cavity due to the acoustic cavitation effect.
The cavitation sound field generator comprises a needle-tip-shaped ultrasonic transducer, wherein the needle-tip-shaped ultrasonic transducer comprises an ultrasonic needle tip and a piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate is used for exciting the ultrasonic needle tip to oscillate, and the ultrasonic needle tip oscillation generates a focused cavitation sound field inside the metal liquid drop.
Preferably, the standing wave sound field generator includes:
a first standing wave acoustic field emitter, a baffle for generating a standing wave acoustic field in a first direction;
a second standing wave acoustic field emitter, a second standing wave acoustic field reflector for generating a second direction standing wave acoustic field;
a third standing wave acoustic field emitter, a third standing wave acoustic field reflector for generating a third directional standing wave acoustic field;
the first, second and third directions are perpendicular to each other.
As a further preferable aspect, the second standing wave sound field emitter and the third standing wave sound field emitter include hemispherical shell-shaped emitter plates, and the inner side surfaces of the emitter plates are provided with variable pitch spiral grooves, so that ultrasonic waves emitted by the second standing wave sound field emitter and the third standing wave sound field emitter can intersect to form a spherical standing wave sound field. .
Preferably, the standing wave sound field generator and the cavitation sound field generator can adjust the generated sound field, thereby adjusting the shape, size, number and position of the inner cavity.
As a further preferred solution, the cavitation acoustic field generator is movable to change the position of the cavitation acoustic field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method and the equipment realize the processing of the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop without contact and cutting, and the cooled metal liquid drop has no deformation and excellent molding effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal droplet inner cavity fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding device in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the emitter plate and spherical standing wave acoustic field of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a transmitting plate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic transducer of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the acoustic cavitation process of the lumen of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the process of acoustic cavitation of the inner cavity of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of multiple cavity acoustic cavitation processing in accordance with example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the invention, from which other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Example 1: the structure of the fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding device for the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding device comprises:
a standing wave acoustic field generator for suspending the metal droplets and a cavitation acoustic field generator for generating a focused cavitation acoustic field inside the metal droplets, processing the metal droplets by acoustic cavitation effect to form an inner cavity.
The standing wave sound field generator comprises a first standing wave sound field emitter 2, a baffle 7, a second standing wave sound field emitter 3, a second standing wave sound field reflector 4, a third standing wave sound field emitter 5 and a third standing wave sound field reflector 6. Wherein the first standing wave sound field emitter 2 and the baffle 7 are a group, are oppositely arranged in the vertical direction, and generate a standing wave sound field in the vertical direction. The second standing wave sound field emitter 3 and the second standing wave sound field reflector 4 are arranged in a group and are oppositely arranged in the horizontal direction; the third standing wave sound field emitter 5 and the third standing wave sound field reflector 6 are a group and are oppositely arranged in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the second standing wave sound field emitter.
The bottom of the first standing wave sound field emitter 2 is also provided with a baffle 8 for reflecting ultrasonic waves in cooperation with the baffle 7 to form standing waves. The front ends of the second standing wave sound field emitter 3 and the third standing wave sound field emitter 5 have the same structure, and are hemispherical shell-shaped emitting plates as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inner sides of the hemispherical shells face to the standing wave sound field reflectors which are opposite to each other, and the inner side surfaces of the hemispherical shells are provided with spiral groove structures with variable pitches. The ultrasonic waves emitted by the second standing wave sound field emitter 3 and the third standing wave sound field emitter 5 are reflected by the respective opposite standing wave sound field reflectors and then intersect to form a spherical grid standing wave sound field, and the standing wave sound field is shown in fig. 2. The schematic diagram of the acoustic cavitation of the inner cavity is shown in fig. 5, and in cooperation with the standing waves generated by the first standing wave acoustic field emitter 2 and the baffle 7, in the spherical grid standing wave acoustic field, the metal liquid drops are suspended in the center of the standing wave acoustic field.
The cavitation sound field generator mainly comprises a needle-tip-shaped ultrasonic transducer 1 arranged on a baffle 7, the structure of the needle-tip-shaped ultrasonic transducer is shown in fig. 4, and the cavitation sound field generator mainly comprises an annular ceramic plate 1-2 and an ultrasonic needle tip 1-1 arranged on the annular ceramic plate 1-2. The annular ceramic piece 1-2 is piezoelectric ceramic, and when the piezoelectric ceramic piece is electrified, vibration excitation is generated on the ultrasonic needle point 1-1, so that a cavitation sound field focused inside the metal liquid drop is generated on the ultrasonic needle point, and a cavity is formed inside the metal liquid drop by utilizing the acoustic cavitation effect.
The process of the embodiment for the acoustic cavitation of the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop is shown in fig. 6: first, molten metal droplets 9 are placed on a baffle 7, and the metal droplets may be gallium, indium, tin, etc. with low melting point, and gallium is selected in this embodiment. And generating a standing wave sound field through a standing wave sound field generator to suspend the metal liquid drops. The three-way sound field generated by the standing wave sound field generator can achieve the suspension of the metal liquid drops 9 in the standing wave sound field and the operability of the three-way regulation by regulating the power, the frequency and other parameters of the standing wave sound field emitters 2, 3 and 5, so that the metal liquid drops 9 are subjected to suspension modulation in the sound field and controlled to be cooled and formed. And then the cavitation sound field generator is used for generating a cavitation sound field focused in the metal liquid drop, sound fields generated by the second and third standing wave sound field emitters are intersected by the variable pitch spiral grooves in the spherical transmitting plate 7 to form a spherical gridding standing wave sound field, and in the gridding standing wave sound field, acoustic cavitation can be better applied to the metal liquid drop 9 by the cavitation sound field generator through adjusting parameters such as wavelength, frequency and the like, so that a metal liquid drop inner cavity 10 can be formed.
The dynamic balance of the sound field inside the metal liquid drop and the external standing wave sound field is controlled by adjusting the operation of the standing wave sound field generator and the cavitation sound field generator, so that the shape, the size and the position relation of the inner cavity are controlled, and the position of the inner cavity is fixed and the shape is controllable. After the inner cavity 10 is formed, the metal liquid drops are gradually cooled and shaped, and then the metal liquid drops are slowly put down by using a standing wave sound field, so that the processing is finished. The non-contact suspension characteristic of acoustic suspension is utilized in the whole processing process, and the metal liquid drops 9 do not deform before cooling, so that the fixed-point acoustic cavitation forming effect of the inner cavity is obtained. The spherical standing wave sound field in the processing process can also eliminate liquid drop oscillation and deformation, further ensure the forming effect, and is superior to single-axis or two-dimensional single-frequency ultrasonic suspension.
Example 2: the difference between the fixed-point acoustic cavitation molding method of the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop and the embodiment 1 is that:
the cavitation sound field generator is movable over said baffle 7 to change the position of the cavitation sound field generated.
The spherical gridding standing wave sound field generated in the processing process has denser grid structure and is matched and regulated with the cavitation sound field. By moving the cavitation sound field generator to sequentially move the position of the cavitation sound field, a plurality of cavities arranged in an array are sequentially formed inside the metal liquid drop, and a schematic diagram of acoustic cavitation processing of the plurality of cavities is shown in fig. 7.
Other structures can be referred to embodiment 1.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention, and changes in specific embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the teachings provided herein, and such changes are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a metal droplet inner chamber fixed point acoustic cavitation former which characterized in that includes:
a standing wave acoustic field generator for generating a standing wave acoustic field for suspending the metal droplets;
the cavitation sound field generator is used for generating a focused cavitation sound field inside the metal liquid drop so as to generate an inner cavity due to the acoustic cavitation effect;
the cavitation sound field generator comprises a needle-tip-shaped ultrasonic transducer, wherein the needle-tip-shaped ultrasonic transducer comprises an ultrasonic needle tip and a piezoelectric ceramic piece, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is used for exciting the ultrasonic needle tip to oscillate, and the ultrasonic needle tip oscillation generates a focused cavitation sound field inside a metal liquid drop;
the standing wave sound field generator includes:
a first standing wave acoustic field emitter, a baffle for generating a standing wave acoustic field in a first direction;
a second standing wave acoustic field emitter, a second standing wave acoustic field reflector for generating a second direction standing wave acoustic field;
a third standing wave acoustic field emitter, a third standing wave acoustic field reflector for generating a third directional standing wave acoustic field;
the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are mutually perpendicular;
a cavitation sound field generator movable on the baffle;
the second standing wave sound field emitter and the third standing wave sound field emitter comprise hemispherical shell-shaped emitting plates, and the inner side surfaces of the emitting plates are provided with variable pitch spiral grooves, so that ultrasonic waves emitted by the second standing wave sound field emitter and the third standing wave sound field emitter can be intersected to form a spherical standing wave sound field.
2. A metal droplet internal cavity fixed point acoustic cavitation forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said standing wave acoustic field generator and said cavitation acoustic field generator are capable of adjusting the acoustic field generated thereby to adjust the morphology, size, number and location of said internal cavity.
3. The fixed-point acoustic cavitation forming method for the inner cavity of the metal liquid drop is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
moving the metal droplets into the acoustic cavitation molding apparatus of claim 1, generating a standing wave acoustic field that suspends the metal droplets;
generating a cavitation sound field to process the metal liquid drop, wherein the cavitation sound field is focused inside the metal liquid drop, so that an inner cavity is generated due to an acoustic cavitation effect;
the metal droplets are cooled and fixed in shape.
4. A method of fixed point acoustic cavitation forming of a metal drop lumen as claimed in claim 3 wherein the cavitation acoustic field is generated by a needle tip ultrasonic transducer.
5. A method of fixed point acoustic cavitation forming a metal drop lumen as claimed in claim 3 wherein the standing wave acoustic field is a spherical meshed standing wave acoustic field.
6. A method of fixed point acoustic cavitation forming of a metal drop lumen as claimed in claim 3 wherein said standing wave acoustic field and said cavitation acoustic field are adjusted during processing to adjust the morphology, size, number and location of said lumen.
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