CN106602926B - A kind of thermoacoustic generator using liquid metal conduction - Google Patents
A kind of thermoacoustic generator using liquid metal conduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN106602926B CN106602926B CN201611131162.4A CN201611131162A CN106602926B CN 106602926 B CN106602926 B CN 106602926B CN 201611131162 A CN201611131162 A CN 201611131162A CN 106602926 B CN106602926 B CN 106602926B
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- thermoacoustic
- storage pipe
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention relates to power generator technical field more particularly to a kind of thermoacoustic generators using liquid metal conduction.Thermoacoustic generator provided by the invention using liquid metal conduction includes a liquid storage pipe for being internally provided with liquid metal, at least one thermoacoustic engine and at least one friction generator, at least one of two ends of liquid storage pipe are connect with thermoacoustic engine, friction generator includes the external load and two electrodes that connection forms conductive loop, two electrodes be set in liquid storage pipe and one of electrode always with the liquid metal contacts in liquid storage pipe, the outer surface of another electrode is equipped with electricity generation material layer, thermoacoustic engine pushes the liquid metal in liquid storage pipe to do lifting and moves back and forth, so that electrode and liquid metal equipped with electricity generation material layer switch between contact condition and discrete state.The application plays the role of harmonic oscillator by the liquid storage pipe equipped with liquid metal, and electric conductivity is excellent and property is stablized, and highly reliable, simple in structure, production cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power generator technical field more particularly to a kind of thermoacoustic generator using liquid metal conduction,
More particularly to it is a kind of it is simple in structure, manufacturing cost is low and can improve production efficiency using liquid metal conduction thermoacoustic generate electricity
Machine.
Background technology
Thermoacoustic engine is the novel power device for converting heat energy into mechanical energy, will if it is connected with generator
Mechanical energy is converted into electric energy and just constitutes a kind of thermoacoustic generator.Thermoacoustic generator is a kind of generating equipment of external-burning, can be with
It is generated electricity, therefore is with a wide range of applications using waste heat, solar energy, industrial exhaust heat etc..If Fig. 1 is a kind of double acting heat
Sound electric generator structure, it is made of three units, and each unit includes thermoacoustic engine and linear motor.The core of thermoacoustic engine
Center portion part includes main water cooler 1, regenerator 2, heater 3, thermal buffer tube 4 and secondary water cooler 5；Linear motor includes expansion piston
11, expansion chamber 11 ', compression piston 12, compression chamber 12 ', mover 13 and stator 14 etc..The secondary water cooler 5 of thermoacoustic engine is with straight
The expansion chamber 11 ' of line motor is connected, and the compression chamber 12 ' of linear motor is again with the main water cooler of thermoacoustic engine in another unit
1 is connected, and joins end to end between such each unit and constitutes a loop.The piston and mover 13 of linear motor play the work of harmonic oscillator
With the working frequency of decision systems.When system works, 3 temperature of heater of thermoacoustic engine is increased to certain value, and system will
The sonication of self-excitation is generated, sound wave consumes portion of energy wave and expansion piston 11 is pushed to move back and forth, by the machinery of sound wave form
Can be changed into electric energy, the dump energy of sound wave is transmitted to compression piston 12 by the mover 13 of motor, then in the form of a sound wave into
Enter the engine of another unit, sound wave pushes 11 work of expansion piston in the unit after energy is amplified in regenerator 2 again
Make.
Thermoacoustic generator using the above structure, the expansion piston 11 and compression piston 12 and mover 13 of linear motor use
Supported by plate spring, and use accurate clearance seal between the two to eliminate between expansion piston 11 and compression piston 12 and cylinder
Friction, this proposes processing technology very high requirement, high processing costs and existence inefficiency；In addition the magnetic of linear motor
The costs of manufacture such as road, coil are high, these factors finally result in thermoacoustic generator production cost costly, it is difficult to practical.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
The purpose of the present invention is：There is provided it is a kind of it is simple in structure, manufacturing cost is low and can improve the utilization liquid of production efficiency
The thermoacoustic generator of metallic conduction, with solve existing thermoacoustic electric generator structure it is complicated, to processing technology require it is high and caused by
The problem of of high cost, low production efficiency and poor practicability.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of thermoacoustic generator using liquid metal conduction, packets
Include a liquid storage pipe for being internally provided with liquid metal, at least one thermoacoustic engine and at least one friction generator, the storage
At least one of two ends of liquid pipe are connect with the thermoacoustic engine, and the friction generator includes that connection forms conduction
The external load of loop and two electrodes, described two electrodes be set to the liquid storage pipe in and one of them described electrode always with
The outer surface of liquid metal contacts in the liquid storage pipe, another electrode is equipped with electricity generation material layer, and the thermoacoustic is started
Machine pushes the liquid metal in the liquid storage pipe to do lifting and moves back and forth, so that the electrode and institute equipped with electricity generation material layer
Liquid metal is stated between contact condition and discrete state to switch.
Wherein, the thermoacoustic engine includes first end and second end, and the end of the liquid storage pipe is started with the thermoacoustic
The first end of machine connects, and the end is connect by feeding back pipe with the second end of the thermoacoustic engine.
Wherein, the thermoacoustic engine includes sequentially connected main water chiller, regenerator, heater, thermal buffer tube and secondary
Water cooler, the secondary water cooler are connect with the end of the liquid storage pipe, and the main water chiller passes through feedback pipe and the end
Connection.
Wherein, the thermoacoustic engine includes sequentially connected hot chamber, heater, regenerator and main water chiller, the master
Water chiller is connect with the end of the liquid storage pipe.
Wherein, two ends of the liquid storage pipe are equipped with float, and are provided close to the liquid storage pipe of the friction generator
There are two the through-holes for wearing described two electrodes for the buoy construction of end.
Wherein, the lower end that the outer surface is equipped with the electrode of electricity generation material layer is needle point structure.
Wherein, the liquid storage pipe includes first end and second end, and the quantity of the friction generator is two, one of them
At the port for the first end that two electrodes of the friction generator are provided close to the liquid storage pipe, another described triboelectricity
At the port for the second end that two electrodes of machine are provided close to the liquid storage pipe.
Wherein, the section shape of the liquid storage pipe is U-shaped or V-type or W types.
Wherein, the liquid metal is mercury or sodium potassium mixture or gallium or sodium or potassium.
Wherein, the electricity generation material layer is the electricity generation material layer with multiple bulge-structures.
Wherein, the electricity generation material layer using polyimides or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyethylene terephthalate or gathers
Vinyl chloride or dimethione or Parylene material are made.
(3) advantageous effect
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the following advantages that：The present invention provides a kind of heat using liquid metal conduction
Sound generator, including a liquid storage pipe for being internally provided with liquid metal, at least one thermoacoustic engine and at least one friction hair
Motor, at least one of two ends of liquid storage pipe are connect with thermoacoustic engine, and friction generator includes that connection forms conduction
The external load of loop and two electrodes, two electrodes be set in liquid storage pipe and one of electrode always with the liquid in liquid storage pipe
State metal contacts, and the outer surface of another electrode is equipped with electricity generation material layer, and thermoacoustic engine pushes the liquid metal in liquid storage pipe
It does lifting to move back and forth, so that electrode and liquid metal equipped with electricity generation material layer are cut between contact condition and discrete state
It changes.Liquid storage pipe provided by the present application substitutes the piston mover in conventional motors structure, plays the role of harmonic oscillator, determines thermoacoustic hair
The working frequency of motor enormously simplifies conventional motors structure, reduces the requirement to processing technology and production cost, economy
It is good, it is highly practical, conducive to production and popularization is standardized；Conductive using liquid metal simultaneously, electric conductivity is excellent and property
Stablize, improves the reliability of generator again under the premise of ensureing generating efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of thermoacoustic generator in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of standing wave thermoacoustic generator of thermoacoustic generator embodiment one using liquid metal conduction of the invention
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is a kind of traveling wave thermoacoustic generator of thermoacoustic generator embodiment two using liquid metal conduction of the invention
Structural schematic diagram；
(a) to (d) utilizes liquid for a kind of thermoacoustic generator embodiment one using liquid metal conduction of the invention in Fig. 4
State metal converts mechanical energy into the state change map of electric energy.
In figure：1：Main water chiller；2：Regenerator；3：Heater；4：Thermal buffer tube；5：Secondary water cooler；6：Liquid storage pipe；7、9：
Electrode；8：Electricity generation material layer；10：External load；11：Expansion piston；11’：Expansion chamber；12：Compression piston；12’：Compression chamber；
13：Mover；14：Stator；15：Hot chamber；16：Liquid metal；17：Feedback pipe；18：Float.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of thermoacoustic generators using liquid metal conduction, wherein the present embodiment
The thermoacoustic generator of offer is driven by Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Engine, and thermoacoustic generator specifically includes one and is internally provided with liquid gold
Belong to 16 liquid storage pipe 6, at least one thermoacoustic engine and at least one friction generator, the application is led using liquid metal 16
Electricity, electric conductivity is excellent and property is stablized, and improves the reliability of generator again under the premise of ensureing generating efficiency；Liquid storage pipe
At least one of 6 two ends are connect with thermoacoustic engine, and friction generator includes that connection forms the external of conductive loop
Load 10 and two electrodes, two electrodes be set in liquid storage pipe 6 and one of electrode always with the liquid metal in liquid storage pipe 6
The outer surface of 16 contacts, another electrode is equipped with electricity generation material layer 8, and thermoacoustic engine pushes the liquid metal 16 in liquid storage pipe 6
Lifting is done to move back and forth so that electrode and liquid metal 16 equipped with electricity generation material layer 8 contact condition and discrete state it
Between switch；In the present embodiment, two electrodes are respectively electrode 7 and electrode 9, wherein electrode 9 always with liquid metal contacts,
Electricity generation material layer 8 is covered on electrode 7, when thermoacoustic engine pushes liquid metal 16 to do lifting and moves back and forth, with liquid gold
Belong to 16 between contact condition and discrete state to switch, mechanical energy is changed into electric energy.Liquid storage pipe 6 provided by the present application substitutes
Piston mover in conventional motors structure plays the role of harmonic oscillator, determines the working frequency of thermoacoustic generator, enormously simplifies
Conventional motors structure reduces the requirement to processing technology and production cost, and good economy performance is highly practical, is conducive to carry out standard
Metaplasia is produced and is promoted.
Specifically, thermoacoustic engine includes sequentially connected hot chamber 15, heater 3, regenerator 2 and main water chiller 1, and master is cold
Hydrophone 1 is connect with the end of liquid storage pipe 6.Wherein, hot chamber 15 is for storing thermal energy and thermal energy being delivered in heater 3；Master is cold
Hydrophone 1 is used to form low temperature, and heater 3 is used to form high temperature, forms temperature gradient at the both ends of regenerator 2 in this way, works as backheat
When device 2 reaches certain temperature gradient, the sonication of self-excitation will be generated, the sound wave is for pushing liquid metal 16 in liquid storage pipe
It does lifting in 6 to move back and forth, so that electrode and liquid metal 16 equipped with electricity generation material layer 8 are in contact condition and discrete state
Between switch, and then realize and mechanical energy be changed into electric energy.
The course of work of thermoacoustic generator provided by the present application can be found in Fig. 4, specially：Main water chiller 1 forms low temperature, adds
Hot device 3 forms high temperature, forms temperature gradient at the both ends of regenerator 2 in this way, when regenerator 2 reaches certain temperature gradient, just
The sonication of self-excitation is will produce, sound wave pushes the liquid metal 16 in liquid storage pipe 6 that it is made to do lifting and moves back and forth；Liquid metal
16 during doing lifting reciprocating motion, constantly contact with the electricity generation material layer 8 on 7 surface of electrode, the specific figure as in Fig. 4
(a), the transfer of charge can occur when liquid metal 16 is contacted with electricity generation material layer 8,8 surface of electricity generation material layer is negatively charged, liquid
Metal 16 is positively charged；When liquid metal 16 is detached with the electricity generation material layer 8 on electrode 7, the positive charge in liquid metal 16 is logical
It crosses electrode 9 and external loading is transferred on electrode 7 (see the figure (b) in Fig. 4)；Power generation material on liquid metal 16 and electrode 7
When the bed of material 8 is kept completely separate, the positive charge on electrode 7 reaches maximum (see the figure (c) in Fig. 4)；When liquid metal 16 again with electricity
(see the figure (d) in Fig. 4) when electricity generation material layer 8 on pole 7 contacts, the positive charge on electrode 7 passes through external load 10 and electrode 9
Turn again in liquid metal 16, then come back in Fig. 4 scheme (a) state, so constantly move in circles, realize mechanical energy to
The conversion of electric energy.
Further, if to prevent liquid level caused by acceleration is excessive during 16 earthquake of liquid metal from destroying and liquid
Body splash phenomena, in the present embodiment, two ends of liquid storage pipe 6 are equipped with float 18, and are provided close to friction generator
There are two be respectively used to wear the through-hole of two electrodes the buoy construction of 6 end of liquid storage pipe.Preferably, float 18 is floated by buoyancy
Float on the liquid level of liquid metal 16, there is only small gaps with the internal face of liquid storage pipe 6 for the shape of float 18, to play most
Big chemoprevention is stopped liquid level and is destroyed and liquid splash phenomenon.
Preferably, the lower end that outer surface is equipped with the electrode of electricity generation material layer is needle point structure.Wherein, lower end refers to close
One end of liquid metal 16；In the present embodiment, by the way that the lower end of electrode 7 is designed as needle point structure, to prevent under electrode 7
Make liquid splash when end face is with fluid pounding.
Preferably, to meet higher generated energy and generating efficiency demand, in the present embodiment, thermoacoustic engine and friction
The quantity of generator is two, liquid storage pipe 6 include first end and second end, two thermoacoustic engines respectively with liquid storage pipe 6
First end and second end connects；Two electrodes of one of friction generator are provided close to the port of the first end of liquid storage pipe 6
Place, at the port for the second end that two electrodes of another friction generator are provided close to liquid storage pipe 6.By using two thermoacoustics
Engine and friction generator, to meet higher generated energy and generating efficiency demand, application field is wider, and practicability is stronger,
Conducive to being standardized production and popularization.
Preferably, the section shape of liquid storage pipe 6 is U-shaped or V-type or W types.In the present embodiment, liquid storage pipe 6 is selected U-shaped
Pipe, simple for process, features simple structure, production cost is low, good economy performance.
Preferably, liquid metal 16 is mercury or sodium potassium mixture or gallium or sodium or potassium.Liquid metal 16 in liquid storage pipe 6
Material can be the material being in a liquid state under the room temperature such as mercury, sodium potassium mixture, gallium, can also be by becoming liquid after suitably heating
The low melting materials such as metal material, such as sodium, potassium.
Preferably, in order to obtain higher generated energy and generating efficiency, electricity generation material layer 8 is with multiple bulge-structures
Electricity generation material layer 8 increases the CONTACT WITH FRICTION area between electricity generation material layer 8 and liquid metal 16 with this.Wherein, multiple protrusions
Structure can be both arranged with certain regular uniform, can also arrange at random, protrusion is selected with specific reference to actual implementation condition
Quantity, shape and the arrangement of structure.
Preferably, electricity generation material layer 8 using polyimides or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyethylene terephthalate or gathers
Vinyl chloride or dimethione or Parylene material are made.Apart from the above, in practical application, also may be selected other
Triboelectricity material.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 3, the present invention also provides a kind of thermoacoustic generators using liquid metal conduction, wherein this implementation
The thermoacoustic generator that example provides is driven by traveling wave thermoacoustic engine, using traveling wave thermoacoustic engine, oscillating temperature height, hot merit
Transformation efficiency is high, conducive to generated energy and generating efficiency is further improved.
Specifically, thermoacoustic engine includes first end and second end, the end of liquid storage pipe 6 and the first end of thermoacoustic engine
Connection, and the end is connect by feeding back pipe 17 with the second end of thermoacoustic engine.In the present embodiment, thermoacoustic engine includes
Sequentially connected main water chiller 1, regenerator 2, heater 3, thermal buffer tube 4 and secondary water cooler 5, secondary water cooler 5 and liquid storage pipe 6
End connects, and main water chiller 1 is connect by feeding back pipe 17 with the end.Wherein, secondary water cooler 5 mainly makes 16 work of liquid metal
Make in lower temperature, thermal buffer tube 4 is then for connection to the heater 3 of high temperature and the secondary water cooler 5 in lower temperature, rises
To heat buffering, the effect of reduction thermal loss.Particularly, if using higher melting-point liquid metal 16, heat can be cancelled
Separator tube 4 and time water cooler 5, such liquid metal 16 is adjacent with heater 3, can using heater 3 to liquid metal 16 into
Row heating, keeps its molten condition.
When work, main water chiller 1 is used to form low temperature, and heater 3 is used to form high temperature, in this way at the both ends of regenerator 2
The sonication of self-excitation will be generated when regenerator 2 reaches certain temperature gradient by forming temperature gradient, wherein generate one
Acoustic wave segment is moved back and forth for pushing liquid metal 16 to do lifting in liquid storage pipe 6, and remainder sound wave is by feeding back pipe 17
Into main water chiller 1 again, and under 2 both ends temperature gradient effect of regenerator, which is amplified, to be re-used for pushing liquid
State metal 16 does lifting in liquid storage pipe 6 and moves back and forth, and loop is transmitted to form sound wave.
Other technical solutions are identical as the technical solution in embodiment one, to avoid repeating, do not do additional elaboration at this.
In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of thermoacoustic generator using liquid metal conduction, including an inside is set
There are the liquid storage pipe, at least one thermoacoustic engine and at least one friction generator of liquid metal, in two ends of liquid storage pipe
It is at least one connect with thermoacoustic engine, friction generator includes that connection forms the external load and two electricity of conductive loop
Pole, two electrodes be set in liquid storage pipe and one of electrode always with the liquid metal contacts in liquid storage pipe, another electrode
Outer surface be equipped with electricity generation material layer, thermoacoustic engine push liquid storage pipe in liquid metal do lifting move back and forth so that
Electrode and liquid metal equipped with electricity generation material layer switch between contact condition and discrete state.Liquid storage pipe provided by the present application
The piston mover in conventional motors structure is substituted, harmonic oscillator is played the role of, determines the working frequency of thermoacoustic generator, it is significantly simple
Conventional motors structure is changed, has reduced the requirement to processing technology and production cost, good economy performance is highly practical, is conducive to carry out
Standardized production and popularization；Conductive using liquid metal simultaneously, electric conductivity is excellent and property is stablized, and is ensureing generating efficiency
Under the premise of improve the reliability of generator again.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still may be used
With technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of thermoacoustic generator using liquid metal conduction, it is characterised in that：It is internally provided with liquid metal including one
Liquid storage pipe, at least one thermoacoustic engine and at least one friction generator, at least one in two ends of the liquid storage pipe
A to be connect with the thermoacoustic engine, the friction generator includes the external load and two electricity that connection forms conductive loop
Pole, described two electrodes be set to the liquid storage pipe in and one of them described electrode always with the liquid metal in the liquid storage pipe
The outer surface of contact, another electrode is equipped with electricity generation material layer, and the thermoacoustic engine pushes the liquid in the liquid storage pipe
State metal does lifting and moves back and forth so that the electrode equipped with electricity generation material layer and the liquid metal in contact condition and
Switch between discrete state；Two ends of the liquid storage pipe are equipped with float, and are provided close to the storage of the friction generator
There are two the through-holes for wearing described two electrodes for the buoy construction of liquid pipe end.
2. the thermoacoustic generator according to claim 1 using liquid metal conduction, it is characterised in that：The thermoacoustic is started
Machine includes first end and second end, and the end of the liquid storage pipe is connect with the first end of the thermoacoustic engine, and the end is logical
Feedback pipe is crossed to connect with the second end of the thermoacoustic engine.
3. the thermoacoustic generator according to claim 2 using liquid metal conduction, it is characterised in that：The thermoacoustic is started
Machine includes sequentially connected main water chiller, regenerator, heater, thermal buffer tube and secondary water cooler, the secondary water cooler with it is described
The end of liquid storage pipe connects, and the main water chiller is managed by the feedback and connect with the end.
4. the thermoacoustic generator according to claim 1 using liquid metal conduction, it is characterised in that：The thermoacoustic is started
Machine includes sequentially connected hot chamber, heater, regenerator and main water chiller, and the end of the main water chiller and the liquid storage pipe connects
It connects.
5. the thermoacoustic generator according to claim 1 using liquid metal conduction, it is characterised in that：The outer surface is set
It is needle point structure to have the lower end of the electrode of electricity generation material layer.
6. utilizing the thermoacoustic generator of liquid metal conduction according to claim 1-5 any one of them, it is characterised in that：It is described
Liquid storage pipe includes first end and second end, and the quantity of the friction generator is two, one of them friction generator
At the port for the first end that two electrodes are provided close to the liquid storage pipe, two electrodes of another friction generator are set to
At the port of the second end of the liquid storage pipe.
7. utilizing the thermoacoustic generator of liquid metal conduction according to claim 1-5 any one of them, it is characterised in that：It is described
The section shape of liquid storage pipe is U-shaped or V-type or W types.
8. utilizing the thermoacoustic generator of liquid metal conduction according to claim 1-5 any one of them, it is characterised in that：It is described
Liquid metal is mercury or sodium potassium mixture or gallium or sodium or potassium.
9. the thermoacoustic generator according to claim 1 using liquid metal conduction, it is characterised in that：The electricity generation material
Layer is the electricity generation material layer with multiple bulge-structures；The electricity generation material layer is using polyimides or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or poly- pair
Ethylene terephthalate or polyvinyl chloride or dimethione or Parylene material are made.
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| CN106992707B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-03-05 | 苏州大学 | Stretchable friction nanometer power generator and preparation method thereof based on liquid metal electrode |
| CN109980985A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-05 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of liquid-solid contact electrification friction nanometer power generator |
| CN113137779B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Combined cooling heating and power system without moving parts |
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